&$RWT AN$IM MGI&IM MTAILND LI$RAL K$HM NR$MIM KMTNDBIM , AK LM&$H M$M$IM 
&WBDIM $KIRIM ZWLIM . TWP&H ZW HTBRRH ATMWL BWW&DT H&BWDH WHRWWXH $L 
HKNST , $DNH BNW$A H&SQT &WBDIM ZRIM . IW"R HWW&DH , X"K AWRH NMIR ( 
M&RK ) , @&NH KI " MBIAIM &WBDIM ZRIM LI$RAL &L TQN $L MTNDBIM MTAILND , 
RQ KDI LA L$LM LHM $KR MINIMWM . MCD AXD RWCH HAWCR LHWRID AT $KR HMINIMWM , 
WMCD $NI MTIR M$RD H&BWDH WHRWWXH LH&SIQ &WBDIM ZRIM BPXWT M$KR ZH " . 
NMIR HWDI&H KI TPNH L$RI HPNIM WH&BWDH WHRWWXH WLMZKIR TNW&T HMW$BIM , 
BTBI&H LB@L AT HZMNTM $L 500 &WBDIM ZRIM MTAILND KMTNDBIM KBIKWL . HIA 
HWDI&H KI HWW&DH TGB$ HC&T XWQ BNW$A H&WBDIM HZRIM , $TKLWL AISWR &L 
MTN $KR L&WBDIM MTXT L$KR HMINIMWM WMTN HTNAIM HSWCIALIIM HMQWBLIM BMQWM 
H&BWDH . KMW KN , TCIB HC&T HXWQ &WN$I MASR WH@LT QNSWT KBDIM LMI $I&SIQ 
&WBDIM ZRIM BLA R$IWN . MRGLIT AILT , HMMWNH &L MTN HITRI &BWDH LZRIM 
B$IRWT HT&SWQH , MSRH KI TNW&T HMW$BIM HP&ILH LXC $IWTR LH LHBIA &WBDIM 
ZRIM MTAILND . HIA AMRH KI $IRWT HT&SWQH HCI& LHBIA &WBDIM MDRWM LBNWN , 
AK TNW&T HMW$BIM SIRBH . I$RAL ARD , SMNK"L HBI@WX HLAWMI , AMR KI 
MMLA MQWM $R H&BWDH WHRWWXH , DWD MGN , HQIM W&DH BIN - M$RDIT , $HMLICH 
LHGDIL BAWPN M$M&WTI AT HQNSWT LM&SIQIM . X"K ALI DIIN ( M&RK ) HGI$ 
HC&T XWQ $LPIH IW@L HI@L &L M&SIQI &WBDIM ZRIM , KDI LMNW& H&DPTM &L 
&WBDIM I$RALIIM . XBRWT HM&SIQWT &WBDIM ZRIM ZWKWT BMKRZIM , HIWT WHN 
MCI&WT $IRWTIM ZWLIM IWTR . X"K RN KHN ( RC ) AMR KI &L HWW&DH LPNWT 
LMM$LH BDRI$H LXSL AT H&SQT H&WBDIM HZRIM LALTR , &L RQ& HIC& H&WLIM 
HMWKNIM L&BWD BKL &BWDH B$KR HMINIMWM . LDBRIW , I$ LPNWT LM$RD H&BWDH 
WHRWWXH BDRI$H LB@L BTWK XWD$ AT &BWDT H&WBDIM HZRIM HMW&SQIM KIWM TXT 
HKWTRT " MTNDBIM " . X"K IAIR CBN ( MPM ) AMR KI PR$T HMTNDBIM HTAILNDIIM 
HIA " KTM XRPH &L PRCWPNW HLAWMI . HMWX MTPLC LA RQ MHTWP&H HMBI$H ALA 
GM MDRKI HH&RMH . HRA$ HIHWDI MMCIA LNW P@N@IM BDMWT MTNDBIM , HM$WLMIM 
$KR MXPIR " . HWA QRA LHPSQT HTWP&H WLMTN T$LWMIM R@RWAQ@IWWIIM LTAILNDIM , 
$I$LIMW AT $KR HMINIMWM . DWBRT $IRWT HT&SWQH MSRH ATMWL BTGWBH , KI 
H$IRWT PW&L LCMCWM MSPRM $L H&WBDIM HZRIM WLHKNST &WLIM XD$IM BMQWMM . 
" LAXR P&ILWT NMRCT B$BW&WT HAXRWNIM , CWMCM MSPR H&WBDIM HZRIM B&NP 
HAXIWT B%50 . &D SWP H$NH LA TW&SQ BARC AP AXWT K&WBDT ZRH " . HDWBRT 
AMRH KI H$IRWT QWRA LXQLAIM LDAWG L&WBDIM I$RALIIM , BMQWM LTAILNDIM . 
" H$IRWT LA $INH AT HMDINIWT BNW$A H&SQT TAILNDIM BXQLAWT , ALA LHIPK , 
HWA HBHIR LTNW&T HMW$BIM $KL &WBD I$RALI $ISKIM L&BWD B&NP HXQLAWT , 
I$WBC L&BWDH LALTR " . 

*

AWS@RLIH MBQ$T L$GR LI$RAL " MRGLIM " LCWRK M&QB AXR NBXRT HNW&R . 
I$RAL WAWS@RLIH ITMWDDW &M NIW ZILND B@WRNIR HQDM &WLMI LNW&R , $IHIH 
BPBRWAR - MARS 1991 . ATMWL BIQ$H AWS@RLIH BAWRX R$MI MID& &L M$XQI MIBXN 
$L HNBXRT HI$RALIT BTQWPH HQRWBH . MAMN HNBXRT ( NW&R AA ) AMNWN RZ 
HGIB ATMWL : " AIN LI MH LH$IB LHM , KI KRG& LA MTWKNNIM LNW M$XQI 
AIMWN " . HB&IH H&IQRIT MBXINTH $L I$RAL HIA AI HBHIRWT LGBI MQWM &RIKT 
H@WRNIR HQDM &WLMI . I$RAL HITH AMWRH LARX AT H@WRNIR , AK PIP"A HWDI&H 
KI BGLL HM$BR BMPRC TXLI@ RQ BDCMBR HIKN IHIW HM$XQIM . HMAMN RZ AMR , 
KI QBI&T M$XQI HMIBXN TI&$H RQ LAXR $ITBRR AM H@WRNIR IHIH BI$RAL . HMAMN 
RZ BIQ$ $NBXRT HNW&R TTMWDD &M HAWLIMPIIM $L PWLIN , AK HM$XQ LA ICA 
LPW&L BGLL XWSR TIAWM LGBI HMW&D . BINTIIM HTB@LH GM TKNITW $L RZ LCAT 
L@WRQIH KDI L&QWB AXRI NBXRT HNW&R ( BB ) $L ARC ZW . H@WRQIM IARXW 
AT I$RAL B18 BNWBMBR BM$XQ QDM ALIPWT AIRWPH . I$RAL CW&DT BRA$ HBIT 
LAXR NICXWNH &L $WIIC 20 . BBIT ZH M$WBCT GM IWWN . RZ HIH AMWR LCPWT 
BM$XQ AIMWN BIN N&RI @WRQIH WPWLIN BAMC& H$BW& , WLHMTIN LNBXRT I$RAL 
$TGI& LAIS@NBWL B&WD $BW& , AK HTBRR KI N&RI PWLIN KLL LA IGI&W L@WRQIH . 

*

MAMRW $L TWM $GB , " HQRB &L SN SIMWN HIH AW LA HIH " ( " HARC " 
105 ) , HGI& LIDI RQ BIMIM ALH . LMRWT $XLPW MAZ 24 $NH , WLMRWT 
$AIRW&I IMIM ALH AWLI MAPILIM &L KL DBR AXR , ANI MRGI$ XWBH B$MM $L 
HXLLIM , HPCW&IM WLWXMI HQRB HZH , KAXD $HIH $M , LHTIIXS LMAMR . 
Q@&I HMAMR H&WSQIM BQRB &CMW , W$RQ ALIHM ATIIXS , MAWPIINIM BXWSR 
HIGIWN WBSILWP &WBDWT , WM&IDIM &L HKWTB KI HWA M$WLL HBNH @Q@IT MINIMLIT 
WNISIWN QRBI M$M&WTI . WK&T L&WBDWT HMCW@@WT : KWTRT HMAMR , " HQRB 
&L SN SIMWN : HIH LA HIH " , MRMZT KI IITKN $BMNZR KLL LA HTNHL QRB . 
LKL ALH HMTR$MIM WMSTPQIM BQRIAT HKWTRT BLBD , ANI IKWL LHB@IX $AKN 
HTNHL $M QRB , WHWA HIH AXD HQ$IM WHMPWARIM BKL QRBWT I$RAL . W&L KK 
T&ID HHIS@WRIH , WI&IDW &$RWT HLWXMIM $N$ARW BXIIM WHCLIXW LBC& AT M$IMTM 
&L AP HABDWT HKBDWT . BMLXMT H&CMAWT , BQRB &L IRW$LIM , N$ARH $KWNT 
Q@MWN TQW&H BLB IRW$LIM HM&RBIT W$IM$H KMRKZ KWX &RBI RB WMAWRGN . H$@X 
HXIWNI $L Q@MWN L$LI@H BAZWR MSWIM AW LNICXWN BQRB HIH MNZR SN SIMWN , 
WLKN HIH &LINW LH$TL@ &LIW . KTWB : " BXWKMH &$H LK MLXMH " . AKN , 
KK &$TH X@IBT " HRAL " . HIA KB$H TXILH AT HMNZR WAT HTNGDWT HAWIB $BRH 
LAXR MKN , BQRB MGNNH $HTNHL BTWK HMNZR ( QRB MGNNH MIW&D L$BIRT KWXWT 
XZQIM MMK ) . HAWIB AMNM N$BR ; QRB HMGNNH HPK LNICXWN MWXC ; Q@MWN 
NPLH WIRW$LIM HM&RBIT AWXDH . HMAMR , HMC@@ MMXQRW $L AWRI MIL$@IIN : 
" MLKTXILH LA HIH CRIK LKBW$ AT HMNZR ... " , MCBI& &L XWSR HBNH 
AS@R@GIT W@Q@IT BSWGIH ZW . MWR$T HQRB $CH"L AIMC KTWCAH MHQRB &L MNZR 
SN SIMWN AINNH MITWS . HIA MBWSST &L AWTW QRB HMGNNH $BW AIR&W M&$I GBWRH 
&ILAIIM , W&L QBLT HXL@WT Q$WT BTNAI QRB . XWSR NISIWN W&LILH ZDWNIT 
BAIM LBI@WI BQ@& HMAMR HDN BNW$A " RCX HNZIRWT " . KL I$RALI HMNWSH BQRB 
LILH B$@X BNWI ( KMNZR SN SIMWN ) IWD& , KI TWK KDI PRICH BX$KH QWDM 
KL IWRIM BKL DBR $N& MMWLK . WAKN , KK QRH BPRICH LMNZR HX$WK LXLW@IN . 
LA NHRGW " NZIRWT " , ALA N$IM &RBIWT , KNRAH M$RTWT BMNZR . XBL . 
AI$ LA HTKWWN LKK . CI@W@ MHMAMR : " B&T $NWRTH , ( HNZIRH ) &SQH 
B@IPWL BPCW&IM " . AIZH PCW&IM ? HRI KWTB HMAMR QWB& , PSQH QWDM LKN , 
KI HMNZR HIH RIQ MMGINIM . ANI HIITI $M , WKL TIAWR HGWWIIH ( " ZH 
HIH MRAH AIWM $L DM WB$R WAIBRI MIN " ) HWA $QR WKZB . LA HIH KAN RCX 
NZIRWT , ALA NISIWN LRCX @WHR HN$Q $L HPLM"X B@WHR &@ HSWPRIM $L HKWTB . 

*

HIDI&H $PWRSMH TXT HKWTRT : " HWRIM BBIT HSPR BNWWH - MWNWSWN 
NGD @IWL LIRW$LIM ; @W&NIM : HPGNH PWLI@IT " ; ( " HARC " , 0192 ) , 
H@RIDH AWTI MAWD . NILI MNDLR , $MSRH AT HIDI&H MPI HWRIM ( 
AIN IWD&IM AM MDWBR BHWRH BWDD , AW BQBWCT HWRIM MSWIMT ) , KTBH KI 
" AXD HHWRIM , $HXZIR LMNHLT AT HSPX HXWZR $BW HBI& HTNGDWT LH$TTPWT 
ILDW B@IWL , @&N KI " ZHW XINWK PWLI@I KA$R ILDINW M$M$IM AMC&I XI LHPGNWT " . 
L$M AIZWN HNW$A , &LI LCIIN KI ANI NMNH &L HHWRIM $HBI&W AT HSKMTM LQIWM 
H@IWL . LA RQ $AIN ZH &NIIN PWLI@I ALA ZH NW$A XINWKI - LAWMI MMDRGH 
RA$WNH . ANI GM MWKN LHSTKN WL$&R KI HHWRH , AW QBWCT HHWRIM $HTNGDH 
L@IWL , MSTTRIM TXT HM&@H $L @I&WN PWLI@I NBWB WLM&$H HM PWXDIM L$LWX 
AT ILDIHM $MA AIZH &RBI IN&C BHM SKIN BGB . ANI MWKN , WRWCH , L$LWX 
AT HILD $LI LIRW$LIM &M ZR PRXIM W&M QWPST MMTQIM , KDI LHBI& HWQRH W&IDWD 
LNKD $L ABA QWBNR , $X@P SKIN BRA$ MIDI AWTW MRCX $PL $DQR LMWWT $LW$H 
IHWDIM B$KWNT BQ&H . ANI RWCH $HILD $LI ISTKL B&INIIM $L HILD HPGW& WIGID 
LW : " ATH LA LBDK BIRW$LIM , KI GM ANXNW HGRIM BNWWH - MWNSWN , ATK 
BLB AITN BIXD " . ANI MWKN LH&ID KI GM ABI Z"L , $LQX AWTI BAW@WBWS LIRW$LIM 
B$NT TRC"X KA$R H&RBIM IRW &L KBI$ BAB AL - WAD , AMR LI : " ALI ! 
AM T$M& IRIWT TTKWPP , ABL AL TPXD " . WLKN ANI AWMR LKL ILDI I$RAL : 
AL TPXDW ! S&W LIRW$LIM , APILW AM IWRIM AW AM MT&WPPIM $M SKINIM . 

*

HP@I$ HKBD $HNXIT HPW&L H&RBI &L RA$IHM $L M&SIQW WXBRW , 
HSKIN $IDW $L AI$ HMRKWL TQ&H BAXD HSPQIM , WRCX HMS&DN B&IN KRM ZH LA 
MKBR &L - IDI AXD M&WBDIW , AP HWA &RBI , M&LH MNBKI HZIKRWN AT HPTGM : 
" HMGDL NX$ $PIPWN BBITW , AL IWPT& AM IMCA &CMW MWK$ " . ANI KWTB 
ZAT BC&R WBRG$I A$M ; P&M X$BTI AXRT ( &L H&RBIM , LA &L HNX$IM ) . MSTBR 
$HIITI TMIM . 

*

MAMR HM&RKT $HTPRSM TXT HKWTRT " IXDL NA MILWA 
LHTLB@ " ( " HARC " , 111 ) , TWB& LMCWT AT HDIN &M HMPK"L WQCINI 
HM$@RH HBKIRIM BGLL MXDLIHM BAIRW&I HR HBIT . ZHW KI$LWNW HIXID &D KH 
$L HMPK"L , $NGRM RQ BGLL H&WBDH $HWA SMK IWTR MDI &L QCINIW HBKIRIM . 
AM KL NW$A M$RH IPW@R MID &M H$GIAH HRA$WNH , TSBWL HMDINH MSBB BLTI 
PWSQ $L B&LI TPQIDIM BKIRIM , XSRI NISIWN WXSRI BI@XWN . MTQBL HRW$M 
$HIXIDIM BMDINH HZW $AINM CRIKIM LX$W$ MTWCAWT M&$IHM HM HPWLI@IQAIM . 
ALH LA NWPLIM KTWCAH M$GIAWT AW MMXDLIM , AW APILW MHTNHGWT PSWLH , 
ALA RQ B$L M$XQI KWX PWLI@IIM . HMLCH LPI@WRI $R AW NW$A M$RH PWLI@IT , 
MCD BIT HM$P@ H&LIWN AW MCD W&DT XQIRH NWPLT TMID &L AWZNIIM &RLWT ; 
ABL K$AP$R LH@IL AT HA$MH &L QCIN CBA AW M$@RH , MW@L GWRLM $L ALH &L 
KP HMAZNIIM . ANI TMH &L " HARC " $HZDRZ L$XQ LIDIHM $L HPWLI@IQAIM , 
HM&WNIINIM LHIP@R MHMPK"L HNWKXI . 

*

B&ITWNIM RBIM PWRSM 
MKTBH $L MLI PILIPSBWRN , IW"R ARGWN NPG&I HM$KNTAWT WXSRI HDIWR , TXT 
HKWTRT " AL TIG&W BM$KNTA " . BRCWNI LHDGI$ M$P@ AXD BDBRIH : " ANW , 
NPG&I HM$KNTAWT , NQL&NW LMCBNW HQ$H LA BGLL RIBIT NMWKH , ALA BGLL 
HAINPLCIH WHHCMDH " . MLIM KDWRBNWT , HTWAMWT BMDWIQ AT MH $HXTWM M@H 
@&N BM$K $NIM RBWT . ZW LA HRIBIT $SIBKH AT MQBLI HM$KNTAWT AW LQWXWT 
HBNQIM HAXRIM . ITR - &L - KN , HRIBIT BI$RAL BMIWXD &L M$KNTAWT HIA 
MHNMWKWT BIWTR B&WLM , AM LA HNMWKH $BHN . WBA$R LHCMDH WLAINPLCIH 
HKTWBT AINH HBNQIM . 

*

B16 BAWQ@WBR HGI& AL H&IR DH MWIN , BM&RB HTIKWN $L ARCWT HBRIT , HN$IA 
GWRG BW$ . KAN HWA GM NTQL BHPGNH HRA$WNH NGD MLXMH BMPRC HPRSI . " LA 
N$PWK DM LM&N NP@ " , QRAW L&BRW KMH C&IRIM BASIPT BXIRWT L@WBT MW&MD 
RPWBLIQAI . " LA NP@ " , K&S HN$IA , " MDWBR PH BTWQPNWT GLWIH " . 
AIWBH HIA MQWM LA - $GRTI . AWMRIM &LIH , $I$ BH IWTR ARGWNIM PCIPIS@IIM 
LQILWM@R MRWB& MA$R BKL MDINH AXRT $L ARH"B . PCIPIZM AINW MWGBL BAIWBH 
LS@WDN@IM RDIQLIIM , AP$R LMCWA AWTW GM BIN XQLAIM WPW&LI XRW$T . AIWBH 
HIA MASMI HDGNIM $L ARH"B , WLPRNSTH HIA MIICAT AWTM LMDINWT KBRIT HMW&CWT . 
B0891 NQL&H AIWBH , IXD &M MDINWT XQLAIWT AXRWT BM&RB HTIKWN , LSXRWR 
Q$H : HN$IA GIMI QR@R HXLI@ LH@IL XRM DGNIM &L HSWBII@IM , BGLL PLI$TM 
LAPGNIS@N . AIWBH $ILMH AT HMXIR &D AMC& $NWT H80 . KLKLTH HITH $QW&H 
BMITWN Q$H , B$&H $RWB HMDINWT HAXRWT BARH"B NHNW M$G$WG XSR TQDIM . 
LA RQ MNI&IM AL@RWAIS@IIM M&WRRIM AIPWA BAIWBH HTNGDWT LMLXMWT , ALA 
GM MNI&IM TW&LTNIIM . KAN AIN AWHBIM BIWTR AT HR&IWN $L MLXMH BMPRC HPRSI . 
IWM AXD B$BW& $&BR MRX H&ITWN HMQWMI " DH MWIN RGIS@R " KWTRT &NQIT LRWXB 
MLWA H&MWD HRA$WN $L MWSPW HIWMI . " , AMRH HKWTRT BANGLIT , " $LWM 
&K$IW " . LCD HAWTIWT HADWMWT HCIB H&ITWN AT SML TNW&T HHTNGDWT LMLXMT 
WII@NAM . BIWM AXR PIRSM H&ITWN B&MWD MAMRI HM&RKT $LW QRIQ@WRH MQPIAT 
DM . NRAH BH MLAK HMWWT XBW$ KAPIIH , WMPIW BWQ&WT HMLIM : " QRA AT 
$PTII , GWRG LA THIH &WD WII@NAM " . " GWRG " HWA KMWBN GWRG BW$ . 
" QRA AT $PTII ... " HIA PARAPRAZH &L SISMT HBXIRWT HKWZBT $L 
HN$IA M8891 , " QRAW AT $PTII LA IHIW MSIM XD$IM " . BMHLK N$P HTRMH 
L@WM HARQIN , HSNA@WR HDMWQR@I $H&MID AT &CMW H$BW& LBXIRH XWZRT , HSBIR 
LI BARIKWT AXD HNWKXIM KICD IKWLH ARH"B LII$B AT SKSWK HMPRC HPRSI , 
" AM RQ TBIA AT H&NIIN LPNI BIT HM$P@ HBIN - LAWMI " BHAG . HTBWNNTI 
BBN $IXI BHPT&H NIKRT . @I&WNIM KALH , $P&M HIW MQWBLIM BIN LIBRLIM 
BARH"B , LA $M&TI KBR HRBH ZMN . BM&MQI HM&RB HTIKWN $L ARH"B QL LHAMIN 
$H&WLM NBRA BCLM AMRIQH , $HWA MLA AN$IM HGIWNIIM WPRGM@IIM , W$HAWTWRI@H 
HMWSRIT $L MWSD $AI$ , KWLL ARH"B , M&WLM LA LQX BRCINWT T&$H RW$M 
MIIDI &L SDAM XWSIIN . HM$BR BMPRC HPRSI LA HIH NW$A BXIRWT MRKZI BAIWBH . 
@WM HARQIN HLIBRLI , WIRIBW HRPWBLIQAI H$MRN @WM @QI , AMNM LA IKLW 
LHSKIM &L $WM &NIIN , ABL N@W LHSKIM &L HMPRC HPRSI . $NIHM TWMKIM BN$IA , 
W$NIHM MAMINIM BCWRK BZHIRWT . BIMI HMLXMH HQRH HIH @WQI AN@I - QWMWNIS@ 
NLHB , WHARQIN HIH IWNH NLHBT . @WQI TMK BKL S&IP HWCAWT CBAIWT AP$RI , 
WXIIB AT HMABQ LHPLT MM$LT NIQRGWAH ; HARQIN RCH QICWCIM NIKRIM BTQCIB 
HBI@XWN , W&MD BRA$ HMABQ BSNA@ NGD HSIW& LQWN@RAS . BMPRC HPRSI $NIHM 
NCIM IWNIIM , AW IWNIM NCIWT , BMIDH KM&@ $WWH . BH&DR QWMWNIZM I$ 
PRGM@IZM WAL PNI H$@X XWZRT GM MIDH HGWNH $L BDLNWT AINS@INQ@IWWIT , 
APIWN HIS@WRI $L MDINWT HM&RB HTIKWN HAMRIQAI . BMHLK M&RKT HBXIRWT HQRIN 
M@HW $L @WQI T$DIR @LWWIZIH , $AXD MS&IPIW HIH HTNGDWT LSIW& XWC . B&INI 
H$DWLH HPRW - I$RALIT BWWA$ING@WN , HTNGDWT LSIW& XWC M&MIDH AT HMTNGD 
MXWC LMXNH GM AM AINH MWSBT SPCIPIT &L I$RAL . P&ILIM PRW - I$RALIIM &WDDW 
MAZ WM&WLM IHWDIM LTRWM KSPIM LMW&MDIM , HNABQIM NGD MTNGDI SIW& HXWC . 
MMILA , @WM HARQIN , TWMK &QIB BSIW& HXWC , HIH AXD HMQBLIM HGDWLIM 
BIWTR $L TRWMWT IHWDIWT B$$ H$NIM HAXRWNWT . LPI MQWR IHWDI BAIWBH , 
HARQIN QIBL 002 ALP DWLR MWW&DI P&WLH PWLI@IIM PRW - I$RALIIM BKL RXBI 
ARH"B . @WQI QIBL RQ 52 ALP . B48 TIAR MNK"L AIIPA"Q @WM DAIIN AT HARQIN 
KAXD M$$H AW $B&H SNA@WRIM , $NBXRW BZKWT " KSP IHWDI " . ZW HITH HTRBRBWT 
LA - DISQR@IT , WAIN SPQ $IIMN& MMNH H$NH . AP - &L - PI - KN , $TDLNIM 
PRW - I$RALIIM BWWA$ING@WN XKKW H$BW& AT IDIHM B$BI&WT RCWN LM$M& HIDI&H , 
$HARQIN GBR &L @WQI BHPR$ M$KN& $L %10 . HWA HSNA@WR HDMWQR@I HRA$WN 
BTWLDWT AIWBH HNBXR LTQWPT KHWNH $NIIH . HWA GM IWD& , $BLI TRWMWT MXWC 
LGBWLWT MDINTW HQ@NH , ITQ$H LASWP DI KSP LNIHWL M&RKT HBXIRWT H@LWWIZIWNIT 
HIQRH , $BL&DIH AIN PWLI@IQAIM AMRIQAIIM MSWGLIM LNCX . XZQH &L HARQIN , 
$ICBI& GM B&TID B&D XWQ SIW& HXWC . 

* 

MZKIRWT AIGWD HPW&LIM HXQLAIIM HCI&H ATMWL $HMM$LH T$LM M&NQ XWD$I $L 
500 $"X , NWSP L$KR HRGIL , LKL I$RALI $I&BWD BQ@IP HHDRIM BM$K $LW$H 
XWD$IM LPXWT . MZKIR AIGWD HPW&LIM HXQLAIIM , XIIM ABIBI , MSR $HHC&H 
HW&LTH LNWKX HMXSWR B&WBDI Q@IP HMWRG$ KBR K&T WIWXRP BXWD$ HBA , K$HQ@IP 
IHIH B&ICWMW , B&IQR &QB HI&DRWT &WBDIM MH$@XIM . HM&SIQIM AINM MCPIM 
$ICLIXW LM$WK MSPR NIKR $L &WBDIM I$RALIIM LQ@IP , BGLL H$KR HNMWK HM$WLM 
L&BWDH ZW M&@ M&L $KR HMINIMWM BM$Q . B$BW& HBA IDWN MNK"L HTAXDWT HAIKRIM , 
$LMH RIIZMN , &M MNK"L $IRWT HT&SWQH , DWD MN& , BDRI$T HHTAXDWT L$KN& 
&WLIM XD$IM HLWMDIM BAWLPNIM L&BWD BQ@IP . RIIZMN MCI& $HMM$LH TSBSD 
MXCIT M&LWT H&SQTM $L H&WLIM BQ@IP . MZKIRWT AIGWD HPW&LIM HXQLAIIM AI$RH 
ATMWL NQI@T &ICWMIM AM &D SWP H$BW& HBA LA IW$G HSKM $KR L$NTIIM HBAWT , 
BMSGRTW IW&LH $KR H&WBDIM B%20 . HSKM H$KR PG BAPRIL . 

* 

IW"R R$WT $DWT HT&WPH , ARIH GRWSBWRD , NHRG BIWM $NI BTAWNT DRKIM BARCWT - 
HBRIT . GRWSBWRD NHG LBDW BMKWNIT , BDRKW MH&IR MINIAPWLIS BAINDIANH 
LNML HT&WPH $LH . M$AIT PG&H BMKWNITW , WHWA NHRG BMQWM . ARIH GRWSBWRD 
AMWR HIH L@WS MMINIAPWLIS L$IQAGW , WMMNH LNIW - IWRQ . $M HIH AMWR 
LHIPG$ &M A$TW , $&$TH BBWS@WN . BNI HZWG GRWSBWRD TWKNNW L$WB HIWM 
AXRI - HCHRIIM LI$RAL . DBR MWTW $L GRWSBWRD NWD& RQ ATMWL BCHRIIM LR$WT 
$DWT HT&WPH . HGWRMIM , $@IPLW BDBR BARC , LA QI$RW AT $MW &M TPQIDW . 
M$@RT MINIAPWLIS MCAH BMKWNITW AT MZWWDWTIW &M TGI HZIHWI . HM$@RH DIWWXH 
LMXLQT HMDINH HAMRIQAIT , $H&BIRH AT HMID& LQWNSWLIH HI$RALIT B$IQAGW , 
HM@PLT BAZWR MINIAPWLIS . HQWNSWLIH B$IQAGW HBRIQH LIRW$LIM . MM$RD 
HXWC BIRW$LIM N$LX $LIX LHWDI& &L DBR HMWWT LBNI HM$PXH , AWLM LA HIH 
AI$ BDIRTW . RQ AXR - KK NMCA KR@IS BIQWR , WBW $MW WTWARW $L GRWSBWRD 
KMNHL MP&L PR@I . AN$I M$RD HXWC HTQ$RW ATMWL LMP&L , WRQ AZ HTBRR KI 
MDWBR BIW"R R$WT $DWT HT&WPH . GRWSBWRD , BN 95 BMWTW , H$AIR AXRIW 
AM , AXWT , R&IH , BN W$TI BNWT . &DIIN LA NQB& MW&D LHLWWIITW . 

*

MRKZ HMID& LZKWIWT HADM B$@XIM , " BCLM " , MPRSM 
MP&M LP&M DPI MID& WBHM PR@IM &L HN&$H B$@XIM BTXWMIM $WNIM . HSGNWN 
&NIINI MAWD , BDRK KLL I$ BW NGI&H L&NIINI XWQ . " BCLM " NWHG LHPIC 
AT DPI HMID& $LW BIN B&LI &NIIN $WNIM , XLQM B&LI M$RWT BM&RKT HM$P@ . 
BIMIM ALH HTQBL BM$RDI HARGWN MKTB MM$RD HM$P@IM , &L NIIR R$MI , WZH 
L$WNW : " HNDWN HXWBRT $LKM . RC"B MWXZR ALIKM HXWMR $N$LX ALI . 
KMWTW ATM $WLXIM ALI MDI P&M WHWA NZRQ I$R LPX . ABQ$KM L$LWX ALI XWMR 
ZH . M&N &BWDTI MIW&D LQBLT XWMR &BWDH BLBD " . &L HXTWM NGH &NTBI , 
HMMWNH &L NWSX HXWQ WR$WMWT . WLMI $ISPR P&M AT SIPWRH $L $GRT HXIIM 
BIMIM HM@WRPIM HALH , HNH H&RT $WLIIM . &L X$BWNWT HMIM $&IRIIT IRW$LIM 
$LXH BIMIM ALH LTW$BIM HWDPSH HNXIH BZW HL$WN : " AM I$ LK MIKL MIM 
&L GG HBIT , ANA DAG LN&ILT HKNISH AL HGG , KDI LMNW& MAN$IM ZRIM LZHM 
AW LHR&IL AT MI H$TIIH " . 

* 

HSTIW ATNW . H&LIM MZHIBIM . QCH $L $NH NWSPT NRAH BM&WRPL BAWPQ , 
W&DIIN LA ZKIT BM&NQ " GAWNWT " $L QRN MQARTWR . GM ANI LA . PRSWM 
R$IMT HZWKIM H$NH , KMW TMID , DI BW KDI LGRWM LSWPRIM , LAMNIM , 
LAQDMAIM WLP&ILIM BMSGRWT $WNWT BRXBI ARCWT HBRIT KWLH LCPWT LR$IMT H$NH 
HBAH , K$BLBM MQNNT HTQWWH $AWLI GM HM IIKLLW BH . AXRI KKLWT HKL , 
63 HZWKIM AM L$PW@ &L PI HKTWB &LIHM B&ITWNWT AINM NRAIM MIWXDIM KL 
KK . ABL KMWBN , LAXR BDIQH QPDNIT , MTBRR $ZH BDIWQ MH $HM MIWXDIM . 
QXW LM$L AT MRIH WARALH . BTXILH HIA MC@IIRT KMW KL MARGNT QHILTIT AXRT . 
ABL BMB@ MQRWB MTBRR $HIA NMNTH &M MQIMI GNADAS DL WAIH , QWAWPR@IB 
LGIDWL KB$IM WLARIGH BLWS AWXWS , NIW - MQSIQW . HAM ATM IKWLIM LHT&LWT 
&L KK ? WI$NM GM HZWKIM HMIWXDIM BMWBN HIWTR $NWI BMXLWQT $L HMLH . 
LMRWT $M&NQI QRN MQARTWR NW&DW L$XRR AT HMWK$RIM MN@L HH$TKRWT LMXIITM , 
KMH M&NQIM MGI&IM TMID LAN$IM $AINM BDIWQ NABQIM KDI LZKWT BHKRH WBXWP$ 
ICIRH ( HDWGMH H&IQRIT $L H$NH HIA SWZN ZWN@G ) . AM BKL ZAT ATM RWCIM 
SBSWD LMX$BWTIKM WLM&$IKM , &LIKM LH$IG AWTW BDRK HMIW$NT : LPNWT LQRN , 
WL$KN& AN$IM B&LI KSP $ATM ZKAIM LXLQ MMNW . LHLN KMH &CWT . &CH MSPR 
1 : HC@RPW LGWPIM . KM&@ AP AXD M$B&H MILIARDI HDWLRIM $QRNWT AMRIQAIWT 
MXLQWT MDI $NH AINW MIW&D LIXIDIM . ZW AXT HSIBWT LKK $M&NQI MQARTWR 
MBWQ$IM KL KK . BDRK KLL MWPNH HKSP LQWLGIM , LMKWNI MXQR , ( KWLL 
CWWTWT X$IBH ) , LQBWCWT L$IRWT QHILTI , LMWZIAWNIM , LSPRIWT WLARGWNIM 
AXRIM $LA LM@RWT RWWX . M$WM KK , RA$IT KL &LIK LX$WB &L QBLT TPQID 
X$WB BAXD MMAWT HGWPIM HLLW . AZ TWKL LTWR AXR KSP BAWRX &CMAI PXWT AW 
IWTR , APILW LIISD BM$K HZMN MKWN M$LK BMSGRT HMKWN NWTN HXSWT , LMRWT 
$NWTN HXSWT $LK IRCH AXWZ $MN MHM&NQ KDI LKSWT " HWCAWT QBW&WT " . AM 
ATH M&DIP LP&WL BLI AI$ BINIIM , ATH IKWL LHQIM ARGWN M$LK $LA LM@RWT 
RWWX . KK NHG AIL HHWN B&L HMWD&WT HXBRTIT @D @RNR , KA$R MIMN AT " HHTAXDWT 
L&WLM @WB IWTR " , HMBQ$T M&NQIM MQRNWT KDI LHPIQ SR@I @LWWIZIH DWQWMN@RIIM . 
LP&MIM , AXRI $QIBL MIMWN P@WR MMS BAMC&WT HHTAXDWT $LW $LA LM@RWT 
RWWX MQRIN @RNR AT HSR@IM HDWQWMN@RIIM BR$T H@LWWIZIH $LW HQIIMT BHXL@ 
KDI L$AT RWWXIM WBR$TWT AXRWT KMWH . ABL AL T@RXW LDWWX L$L@WNWT HMQWMIIM . 
HGBWL BIN " $LA LM@RWT RWWX " WBIN " LM@RWT RWWX " M@W$@$ MAWD , 
WBDRK KLL HKL XWQI LMHDRIN . HDWGMH HIDW&H BIWTR L$MCH MHTQWPH HAXRWNH 
HIA H$IMW$ BKSPI QRN GAN@ LRKI$T ALPI &WTQIM $L HAW@WBIWGRPIH $L IW"R 
GAN@ L$&BR , ALAN NWIHAR@ . HDBR SII& LHKNIS AT HSPR LR$IMT RBI - HMKR 
$L " NIW IWRQ @IIMS " , M&MD $BDRK KLL GWRR B&QBWTIW MKIRT &$RWT ALPI 
&WTQIM NWSPIM . &CH MSPR 2 . LK LHIWT ZMR AWPRH AW BIWLWG MWLQWLRI . 
BSPR " CDQH MTXILH MBIT " HTLWNNH TRZH AWDNDL &L MXZWRIWT HPILN@RWPIH . 
XLQ NKBD MTRWMWTIHN $L QRNWT ( W$L XBRWT WAN$IM &$IRIM ) MGI& LBSWP 
LNQWDT HHTXLH $LHN : LDRGIM H&LIWNIM $L HXBRH , LMWZIAWNIM , LAWLMWT 
QWNCR@IM WLTIA@RAWT QHILTIIM , $SWG HAN$IM HIKWL LHR$WT L&CMW LTRWM TRWMWT 
CDQH HWA HMNHL AWTM WPWQD AWTM . %51 MKSPI HQRNWT MWPNIM LP&ILWIWT TRBWTIWT . 
LD&T AN$IM H&$WIIM LX$WB &L QDIMWIWT XBRTIWT NACLWT IWTR MA$R HQMT SBIBH 
TWMKT LAWPRH , ZH $I&WR GBWH MAWD . LMRBH HMZL , K$LI$ MHKSP MW&BR 
LPRWIQ@IM $HTW&LT BHM QWNQR@IT IWTR , KGWN $IRWTI BRIAWT AW MXQRIM BTXWMI 
HRPWAH AW MD&I H@B& . QCT IWTR M$LI$ MW$Q& B$@X HHPQR HGDWL $BW MTXRIM 
&L T$WMT HLB R&IWNWT WTWKNIWT BMD&I HXBRH WBTXWM HMDINIWT HCIBWRIT . 
BTWKKI AZWR ZH , $BIRTW HIA WA$ING@WN , H&CWT HBAWT HN HI$IMWT BIWTR . 
&CH MSPR 3 . HIIH MWD& LH$LKWT HMRWBWT $L &BWDTK . " ATH MTBWNN BNW$A 
$IHIH B&L &RK LGI@IMI LMXQR , WBW BZMN IKBW$ AT DMIWNW $L PQID HTWKNIT " , 
AWMR WWRN MILR , AI$ MD&I HMDINH BAWNIBRSI@T ARIZWNH . BM$K &$RWT $NIM 
$IM$ MILR MGIIS M&NQIM MRKZI LPRWIQ@ XQR HBXIRWT HARCIWT , MXQR &L HTNHGWT 
MCBI&IM $B&QBWTIW NKTB B1960 HXIBWR HQLASI " HMCBI& HAMRIQAI " . MAZ 
HM$IK BMXQR WHGDIL AT MAGR HNTWNIM $LW . &CH MSPR 4 . TB@IX LHCIL AT 
H&WLM . &L PI KL HDIWWXIM XLH B&$WRIM HAXRWNIM IRIDH TLWLH BTMIKH B&BWDWT 
MXQR BMD&I HXBRH $AIN LHN II$WM M&$I MIDI . MILR ZWKR $B$NWT H05 WH06 
HWA IKWL HIH LHSTMK &L SIW& MQRNWT PWRD WRWQPLR . NISIWNW HAXRWN $L 
MILR LH$IG KSPIM MQRN PWRD HIH BTXILT $NWT H07 . AZ HWA GILH &NIIN BGWRMIM 
HM$PI&IM &L $I&WR HMCBI&IM , WPQID HTWKNIT GILH &NIIN B$I&WR HMCBI&IM 
HNMWK BQRB BNI MI&W@IM . NRAH HIH $ZH ZIWWG @WB . MILR HDGI$ $I&D HMXQR 
IHIH AITWR MXSWMIM HMWN&IM MBNI MI&W@IM LHCBI& , DBR $LD&TW &$WI HIH 
LHIWT C&D RA$WN LQRAT H&LAT $I&WR HHCB&H . AK ZH LA HIH MSPIQ @WB LQRN . 
QRN PWRD RCTH LHIWT B@WXH $HMXQR IGDIR BMPWR$ AT HDRKIM LH&LAT $I&WR 
HMCBI&IM BQRB MI&W@IM . MILR LA IKWL HIH LHB@IX ZAT BMCPWN NQI . MAZ 
7791 MWMN PRWIQ@ XQR HBXIRWT HARCIWT &L - IDI QRN HMD& HARCIT , HTWMKT 
HGDWL BIWTR BMD&I XBRH BSISIIM . &CH MSPR 5 . HIIH Q@LIZ@WR L$INWI . 
I$ AN$IM HMTQ$IM LHB@IX BPRCWP PWQR $HM ICI&W PTRWN LB&IH XBRTIT MRKZIT . 
LAN$IM ALH MWMLC LIHPK LQ@LIZ@WRIM : LQBC IXD AN$IM RBIM HIKWLIM LHB@IX 
PTRWNWT AW $LPXWT IKWLIM HIW , AILW SGRW AWTM BMRKZ W&IDWT BM$K IMIM , 
LHCI& PTRWN . HQRNWT AWHBWT IWTR WIWTR SIMNIM MWX$IIM KALH LH$P&H $I$ 
LKNSIM WLHTWW&DWIWT . B&IQR HN AWHBWT LASWP AN$IM $AILWLA KN AP$R $LA 
HIW NPG$IM L&WLM : AQDMAIM WPWLI@IQAIM , BIWRWQR@IM WNBXRI CIBWR , 
PNA@IM $L H$MAL WPNA@IM $L HIMIN . WZKRW : AP$R $PQID HTWKNIT $L HQRN 
IC@RP GM HWA LMS& ; HQPIDW AIPWA BBXIRT HATR . AWMRIM $MRKZ HWW&IDWT 
WHLIMWDIM $L QRN RWQPLR BBLAGIW $BAI@LIH HWA MQWM @WB LXI$WL QWNSNZWS 
&L B&IWT DXWPWT $L H&WLM . GM AM LA IIWWCR QWNSNSWS XD$ MALKIMIH ZW , 
QRWB LWWDAI $IICA KRK $L NIIRWT . BQRB AQDMAIM $AINM MWZMNIM LWW&IDWT 
ALH $WRRT CINIWT RBH BA$R LM@R KRKI HMAMRIM WHNIIRWT HMWNPQIM BXSWT QRNWT . 
AIN ZH SBIR $&L $WLXNWT &ITWNAIM WM&CBI MDINIWT RWBCIM KL KRKI " AMRIQN 
AQWNWMIQ RIWWIW " $L $LW$ H$NIM HAXRWNWT , AK BHXL@ HGIWNI $I$ LHM KMH 
KRKIM HMSPQIM MID& BNW$A NTWN BMINWNIM Q@NIM WXZQIM . &CH MSPR 6 . &RWK 
BDIQH MXWD$T , NWQBT WQ@LNIT , LDWGMWT LIBRLIWT &IIPWT . ZH K02 $NH 
MTAMCT XBWRT $MRNIM , BINIHM AIRWWING QRIS@WL , LH$IG SWBSIDIH PILN@RWPIT 
LHWGIM RBIM IWTR MHIMIN . HM SBWRIM $I$ AIRWNIH BKK $M&NQI QRNWT BAIM 
BDRK KLL M@IPWSIM $MRNIIM , AK HQRN LWB$T L&ITIM QRWBWT XZWT $L $MALH 
MHMRKZ BHNHGT HPILN@RWPWAIDIM  ( HMWNX $@B& DWWII@ MQDWNLD BQRN PWRD  ) 
, $BSWPW $L DBR MNHLIM AWTM . QRIS@WL WXBRIW H$MRNIM &$W $NI DBRIM : 
RA$IT , HM &WDDW XBRWT LT&L AT HPILN@RWPIH $LHN LIWCAIM MN HKLL $L KLL 
ZH , KMW QRN GWN M . AWLIN . $NIT , HM &WDDW AT HIWCAIM MN HKLL LHP&IL 
H$P&H MWD&T IWTR &L &ICWB MDINIWT BDRG ARCI . AN$IM BMRKZ AWTH TNW&H 
MDGI$IM KI LA HITH ZW MZIMH $L HIMIN . " AI$ LA AMR HBH NICWR AWWIRH 
$BH NWKL LBXWR N$IA $MRN " , ZWKR LZLI LNQWBSQI , AXD H$WTPIM LMZIMH . 
LNQWBSQI , $NIHL AT QRN SMIT - RICRDSWN WKIWM MNHL AT MKWN HDSWN , 
AWMR KI HR&IWN LA HIH KL - KK LTT M&NQIM LX$IBH HIMNIT K$L&CMH , ALA 
LTGML XLWPWT LKL HX$IBH H$MALIT $QIBLH &D AZ TGMWLIM WMIMWN . HWA WQRIS@WL 
WHAXRIM P$W@ X$W $"QIIM MGWWN $LM $L NW$AIM HRAWIIM LBDIQH " . HM P$W@ 
THW , NZKR LNQWBSQI , " LMI I$ R&IWNWT M&NIINIM ? " WBKN , HTBRR 
$B&LI HR&IWNWT HM&NIINIM HIW AN$IM KMW RWBR@ BWRQ , MR@IN PLDS@IIN , 
CARLS MARII WALN BLWM $GM HWDWT LTMIKH HPILN@RWPIT $QIBLW B$NWT H70 
WAW BRA$IT $NWT H80 AIN CWRK LHCIGM BCIBWR . AM ATH M$MI& BAWZNI H$MRNIM 
RMZ LKK $QRIS@WL W$WT HPKW AT HQ&RH &L PIH , WLKN KIWM KSP IMNI HWA HXWL$ 
BKIPH B&WLM HR&IWNWT , HM IPNW AWTK LR$IMT HQRNWT HPILN@RWPIWT HGDWLWT 
BIWTR , WIZKIRW LK $MBIN HQRNWT H$MRNIWT AWLIN , SMIT - RICRDSWN , 
LIND WHRI BRADLW , PIW , $RH SQAIP RQ PIW KLWLH BR$IMT HGDWLWT . BHXL@ 
NKWN . WLA ZW BLBD , ALA NKWN GM $QRN MQARTWR , HDWGMH H$KIXH BIWTR 
LLIBRLIZM HMBWLBL $L $NWT H60 , AKN RAWIH LTIAWR ZH . LPNI KMH $NIM 
TRMH HQRN 82000 DWLR LAWNIBRSI@T QIIMBRIDG LNISIWNW $L S@IWWN HWQING 
LAXD AT TIAWRIIT HQWWN@IM WTIAWRIIT HIXSWT $L AIIN$@IIN . KIWM HITH 
TIAWRIH KZW BXZQT MCIAH GM BMXIR KPWL . ABL KMH KSP H&NIQH QRN MQARTWR 
LPISIQAIM MBRIQIM HMT&MQIM BB&IH ZW WAINM SWBLIM M$ITWQ @RGI B&QBWT MXLH 
MNWWNT XSRT RXMIM ? &M ZAT , GM HQRNWT B&LWT H$MWT HGDWLIM AINN BHKRX 
M&IINWT HX$IBH HLIBRLIT HS@RIAW@IPIT KPI $L&TIM QRWBWT MTARIM AWTN . 
QRN RWQPLR AMNM MWKNH LXLQ PH W$M 52000 DWLR LLIMWD " PMINIZM WTIAWRIH 
MWSRIT : MBWA LATIQH LXBRWT PWS@ - T&$IITIWT " . ABL ATH IKWL L&IIN B&$RWT 
DPI DW"X RWQPLR H$NTI BLI LMCWA PRI@ HWCAH $QL KL KK LL&WG LW . A$R LQRN 
PWRD $MRNIM MTLWNNIM $MDINIWT H&DPT $XWRIM KQIZWZ LAPLIIT H&BR ( &CH 
MSPR 7 , HIH $XWR ) $HIA NWQ@T , HIA $RID LLIBRLIZM QDWM . WAIN SPQ 
$XLQ NKBD MBIN 50 ALP HCQIM $&LIHM XWTMT HQRN NMSR LQBWCWT KMW " PRAPRAZ " , 
KDI " L$R@@ AT MSLWL HMWR$T H$XWRH BAIS@ SIID HTXTIT $L NIW - IWRQ " . 
&M ZAT , " @WBT HKLL " , HDW"X HGDWL &L S&D $PRSMH QRN PWRD B9891 , 
HDW"X SIPQ TMIKH MNWMQT ( BGIBWI QWNSNZWS RXB LHPTI& $L $MWT MPWRSMIM ) 
LTWKNIT &BWDH WS&D NWQ$H WIQRH LMDI , $AMNM HB@IXH MQWMWT &BWDH , ABL 
GM QB&H $KL ADM IIZRQ MR$IMWT MQBLI HS&D K&BWR $NTIIM . NWSP &L KL ZH , 
AIN ZH M$NH &D KMH GDWL MSPRN $L HQRNWT BMRKZ WM&@ $MALH MMNW . KA$R 
MGI&IM HDBRIM LMDINIWT CIBWRIT , KSP $MRN MQBL IWTR TMWRT HDWLR $LW . 
DI LTT MB@ BCWWTWT HX$IBH , HCINWRWT H&IQRIIM BIN HQRNWT LBIN HDIWN 
HCIBWRI . QRNWT $MRNIWT NMN&W BTBWNH MLHGBIL AT HTMIKH HPINNSIT $LHN 
LCWWTWT X$IBH $MRNIIM . B&WD HPWRDIM WHRWQPLRIM HPKW LMQWRWT PXWT MHIMNIM 
$L TMIKH BMXQR , N$AW TMID MWSDWT KMW BRWQINGS AT &INIHM LQRNWT $MRNIWT 
KDI LMLA AT HXSR . &CH MSPR 8 . HIIH $B$BT RWX $L RWX HTQWPH . KMW 
KL DBR AXR , NW$AIM HZWKIM LSBSWD NKBD BAIM WHWLKIM . BSWP $NWT H07 
HRBW LM$L LDBR BTXWM HIXSIM HBIN - LAWMIIM &L " HDIALWG BIN CPWN WDRWM " 
W&L " TLWT HDDIT " , WHRBH KSP HWQD$ LHGWT &L MDINWT H&WLM H$LI$I . 
AZ BAW HPLI$H LAPGNIS@N WRWNLD RIIGN WNAWM AIMPRIIT HR$& . LPT& PTAWM 
LA HIH HNW$A HXM BIXSIM HBIN - LAWMIIM TLWT HDDIT GLWBLIT , ALA BI@XWN 
LAWMI . HQRNWT HLA - $MRNIWT HIW B&IQR ALH $PRSMW MXQRIM LAIN - SPWR 
B$ALH KICD L$MWR &L H$LWM . &K$IW , K$HMLXMH HQRH XLPH , MNSIM KWLM 
LMCWA M$P@IM WM@B&WT L$WN XD$IM $ILKDW AT T$WMT LBM $L PQIDI TWKNIWT . 
&CH MSPR 9 . GIIS WHPQ& LR$WTK @RMINWLWGIH QIIMT . NRAH $I&D HM$XQ HWA 
LX@WP " BI@XWN LAWMI " , NW$A RB - $NTI &MID , WLNWW@ AWTW LTXWM HMWMXIWT 
$LK . B&LI HMWD&WT HSBIBTIT HKLL - &WLMIT MDGI$IM $K&T AI - AP$R KM&@ 
LHBDIL BIN BI@XWN LAWMI LBIN " BI@XWN KDWR HARC " . H@IPWSIM LWB$I HXLIPWT 
HKHWT , H$IIKIM LZRM MRKZI IWTR , AWMRIM $$WM MDINH AINH IKWLH LHIWT 
B@WXH AM LA IHIH " MBNH BI@XWN AIRWPI ICIB " . WKLKLNIM BXBWRT MQDMI 
HMDINIWT HT&$IITIT , IXD &M MXNKIM BXBWRT HXINWK LMCWINT , NISW B&WRMH 
L$IM IDM &L KSPI MDINIWT HXWC , B@&NH $B&TID IWGDR HBI@XWN HLAWMI BMWNXIM 
$L KW$R TXRWT KLKLI , LA $L &WCMH CBAIT . LGBI AN$IM ALH SDAM XWSIIN 
HWA M@RD . ABL SDAM XWSIIN HIH MTT - $MIM LKL HMWMXIM LPIQWX RB - CDDI 
&L HN$Q , H@W&NIM ZH $NIM $I$ LHPSIQ AT HZRMTW $L N$Q MTWXKM LDIQ@@WRIM 
RBRBNIM B&WLM H$LI$I . MDWBR BQWMC AN$IM $NISW LM$WK ALIHM KSPI M&NQIM 
B&T $H&WLM HM@IR DWLRIM &LAS@R@GIH GR&INIT WPIQWX RB - CDDI &L HN$Q . 
&WBDH ZW $IM$H ISWD LTLWNH $KIXH BTXWM HPILN@RWPIH : HTMQDWTM $L QRNWT 
WCWWTWT X$IBH BMGMWT AWPNTIWT GWRMT LKK $HXBRH BQW$I &RWKH LGLIM HIS@WRIIM 
XD$IM . GIIMS ALN SMIT , MXBR HSPR " HBRWQRIM $L HR&IWNWT : CWWTWT 
X$IBH W&LIITH $L &LIT MDINIWT XD$H " , AWMR KI HHTMQDWT BB&IWT MDINIWT 
DWXQWT , WD&IKT HAMWNH B&RKW $L MXQR BSISI BMD&I HXBRH , HWTIRW AWTNW 
LLA MAGR NRXB $L MWMXIM , $MMNW NITN L$AWB KA$R IT&WRR HCWRK . ZH NKWN . 
AXRI HKL , KMH MXQRIM BXSWT QRNWT HWQD$W BTQWPT HAWBSSIH HMMW$KT LMLXMH 
HQRH LNISIWN LGLWT BAIZW MIDH ADM KMW SDAM XWSIIN &LWL LHIWT MSWKN ? 
KMH MXQRIM $ALW KICD LHPWK KLKLH S@LINIS@IT LKLKLT $WQ XWP$I ? I$ SIMWKIN 
LD&H $KIWM ALW HN $TI HB&IWT HDWXQWT BIWTR $L H&WLM . AK AP$R LWMR BBI@XWN , 
$AP LA DWLR AXD MBIN LM&LH M05 MILIARD HDWLRIM $HWCIAW QRNWT BIN 9791 
L9891 LA HWQD$ LHBHRTN . HAM HKSP DWXP AT HR&IWNWT AW $MA ZWKIM HR&IWNWT 
LTMIKH KSPIT BZKWT &RKM WHXIDW$ $BHM ? KDI L&NWT &L $ALWT ALW &LIK LH$TQ& 
QWDM LKL BAI - ALW HRHWRIM QWSMIIM &L @B&H $L HHIS@WRIH , WLHQDI$ MX$BH 
LDIALQ@IQH HGLIANIT , LTIAWRIWT &L MQWMW $L HADM HGDWL BHIS@WRIH WKK 
HLAH . WZH AINW MBC& MHSWG $I$ LG$T ALIW LLA MIMWN NKBD . 

* 

HIKWLT LXZWT TWCAWT BXIRWT BARCWT HBRIT BAMC&WT SQRI D&T QHL &$WIH LHC@MCM 
B$NIM HBAWT &D LMINIMWM . KI$LWNWT XIZWI KBR NRAW BKMH MMIRWCI HBXIRWT 
$L H$BW& . HA$MH AINH B$I@H AW BMDGM , ALA B$TI &WBDWT : ( 1 ) AMRIQAIM 
AINM MT&NIINIM BIWTR BTHLIK HALQ@WRLI , WGM ALH HIWD&IM B&D MI HIW RWCIM 
LHCBI& AINM IWD&IM &D HRG& HAXRWN AM I@RXW LHCBI& . RQ %35 MHM HCBI&W 
BIWM G BBXIRWT LQWNGRS WLMW$LI HMDINWT . ( 2 ) TXNT HQLPI $WB AINH MQWM 
HHCB&H HHKRXI HIXID . BQLIPWRNIH HCBI&W H$NH LA PXWT M%20 MB&LI ZKWT 
HBXIRH BDWAR , LA MPNI $HIW BARC AXRT , AW BIB$T AXRT , ALA MPNI $H&DIPW 
AT HNWXWT HKRWKH BMILWI @WPSI HHCB&H BIN KWTLI BITM . IITKN MAWD $BHCB&H 
BQLPI HITH IDH $L HMW&MDT HDMWQR@IT LMW$L , DIAN PIINS@IIN , &L H&LIWNH . 
KNRAH RQ BZKWT HHCB&H BDWAR HCLIX LBSWP HSNA@WR PI@ WWILSWN LNCX , BHPR$ 
Q@N . M$IMTM $L &WRKI SQRIM B$NIM HBAWT THIH LBRR TXILH HAM HN$AL MTKWWN 
LHCBI& , WHAM AIN HWA MTKWWN LHCBI& HIITKN $BKL ZAT ICBI& BAMC&WT HDWAR . 
LD"R GWN SILR , N$IA AWNIBRSI@T BWS@WN $HTMWDD &L KHWNT MW$L MSCWS@S , 
HITH TIAWRIH $LMH &L AI - HHTAMH $L SQRI D&T QHL LMCIAWT HALQ@WRLIT . 
HWA HIH QWRBN $L AI - HTAMH KZAT . HSQRIM XZW LW TBWSH NICXT BBXIRWT 
HMWQDMWT $L HMPLGH HDMWQR@IT , BXWD$ SP@MBR . HWA HDHIM AT MPLGTW , 
AT MDINTW WAT ARH"B BNICXWN . BMHLK M&RKT HBXIRWT HKLLIT H&LH SILBR AT 
HHSBR HBA LAI - HHTAMWT . " AMRIQAIM " , AMR , " MTR&MIM &L &CM H$ALH 
AIK TCBI& . SWP SWP , KL &NIIN HHCB&H HXWP$IT HWA PWNQCIH $L SWDIWTH . 
KA$R M@LPN ALIHM MI$HW , $AIN HM MKIRIM , W$WAL , AIK TCBI&W , AIN 
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$N$AL , WLKL H&RH $L IRIB PWLI@I . HWA H$MI& HKRZWT $&RWRIITIWT BGNWT 
MI&W@IM ATNIIM WNGD QBWCWT AWKLWSIIH XL$WT . HWA GIDP BRBIM AT IRIBW 
( " BN KLBH , TWQ& SKIN BGB " , AMR &LIW BRAIWN &ITWNAI ) . HWA CWWX 
&L &ITWNAIM MPWRSMIM BR$TWT @LWWIZIH ARCIWT . L&WMT ZAT HWA GM H$MI& MSR 
PWLI@I RB - TWKN , $BW HDGI$ IWTR MKL &NIIN AXR AT M$BR HXINWK BAMRIQH , 
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&$H BXWD$IM AXDIM LM&N CXWT HDIBWR MH $LQX LXBRT $NIM KDI L&$WT LM&N 
@LWWIZIH CB&WNIT ... AM DIBWR HIH SPWR@ AWLIMPI , HWA HIH ZWKH BMDLIIT 
HZHB ... SILBR KH @WB , &D $HWA GWRM LANGLIT LHI$M& KMW CRPTIT ... AM IIBXR , 
THIH LKWLNW HHZDMNWT LLMWD MMNW LHIWT S@WDN@IM BKITTW 
H&NQIT , HNQRAT MSCWS@S " . ABL BDIWQ HR&IWN HZH HCWRK LHIWT ARB& $NIM 
ARWKWT S@WDN@IM BKITTW $L PRWPSWR IHIR $LX MSPR MPTI& $L AN$I $MAL LZRW&WTIW 
$L HRPWBLIQN H$MRN WILIAM WWLD . HWA LBBI , XIIKN , MSWGL LHTBDX &L 
X$BWN &CMW , WLWQX AT HXIIM QCT PXWT BRCINWT . AILW NICX SILBR , ITKN 
MAWD $HIH MNSH B&WD $NTIIM , AW B&WD $$ $NIM , LHTMWDD &L HN$IAWT . 
ALI WIZL , PRWPSWR BAWNIBRSI@T BWS@WN , $SILBR HTAMC HRBH LM&N ZKIITW 
BPRS NWBL L$LWM , TMK BGLWI BMW&MDWTW LM$RT HMW$L . HWA HIH APILW MSWGL 
LRAWTW MKHN BBIT HLBN . " MDW& LA ? " , $AL . " GM &L RWNLD RIIGN 
AI$ LA HIH MAMIN " . HH$WWAH HZW , &L KL TWCAWTIH , TIXSK MATNW . SILBR 
XZR H$BW& LAWNIBRSI@H , KW&S WMTWSKL IWTR MAI - P&M . HMPLGWT HPWLI@IWT 
BARH"B MTXILWT KBR AT HKNWTIHN LQRAT HSIBWB HBA , B2991 . AZ IIBXR LA 
RQ HQWNGRS , ALA GM HN$IA . RQ ARB& P&MIM B521 H$NH HAXRWNWT LA HCLIX 
N$IA LXZWR WLHIBXR , AM RCH . &D LPNI XWD$IIM LA HITH SIBH @WBH LHNIX 
$GWRG BW$ IHIH HMQRH HXMI$I . ABL MAZ NK$L BW$ B@IPWLW BPR$T HTQCIB , 
HSTBK BHTKT$WIWT - SRQ &M HDMWQR@IM , WNKN& LBSWP LAWRK KL HDRK , $WRRT 
BIN DMWQR@IM HTXW$H $I$ LHM SIKWI MM$I LHWCIA AT BW$ MN HBIT HLBN B&WD 
$NTIIM . I$ LA M&@ RPWBLIQAIM HNW@IM LHSKIM ATM . &K$IW NBXNIM HMW&MDIM 
L1992 . HBXIRWT $L H$BW& IKLW LH&NIQ DXIPH NAH L$NIIM MN HPWLI@IQAIM 
HMWZKRIM BIWTR : HMW$L RB - HKRIZMH $L MDINT NIW IWRQ , MRIW QWAWMW , 
$$MW MTRWCC BHQ$RIM N$IAWTIIM MAZ 4891 ; WHSNA@WR MNIW GRSI , HAIN@LQ@WAL 
WKWKB HKDWRSL HMHWLL $L $NWT H06 , BIL BRADLI . NICXWNWT $NIHM LA HW&MDW 
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IRIBIM RPWBLIQAIIM BNI BLI $M . BRADLI NICX LBSWP BHPR$ $L $LW$H AXWZIM . 
BMWCAI IWM HBXIRWT HTBWNNW RPWBLIQAIM BAI - AMWN BTWCAWT , WAMRW BANXH 
&MWQH KI AILW HIW M$KILIM L&MWD &L GWDL HHZDMNWT BNIW GRSI , HIW MTGIISIM 
L&ZRT HMW&MDT HRPWBLIQAIT , KRIS@IN @WD WI@MN . MAXR $HKWL RAW BH $IH 
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HMPLGH HDMWQR@IT , BQIC 4891 . K$RWN HDIBWR $LW , H&WMQ HAIN@LQ@WALI , 
HN&IMWT WHXMIMWT $KN&W AN$IM RBIM BARH"B $HWA IHIH IWM AXD HT$WBH HDMWQR@IT 
LRWNLD RIIGN . H&WBDH $NXL NICXWN KL KK LA MR$IM &L IRIBIM KL KK LA MR$IMIM 
AINH AWMRT BHKRX $SIKWIW LHTMWDD &L HBIT HLBN ABDW LNCX . HIA AWMRT L&WMT 
ZAT , $M$HW MN HQSM $LW ABD . &L SNA@WRIM AWMRIM KI AIN LK AXD MHM $AINW 
RWAH AT &CMW , KK AW AXRT , MW&MD PW@NCIALI LN$IAWT . BMAH HZW NBXRW 
$NI SNA@WRIM LN$IAIM , W$LW$H N$IAIM AXRIM KIHNW BSNA@ BZMN KL$HW $L 
HQRIIRH $LHM . L&WMT ZAT HGI&W LN$IAWT XMI$H MW$LI MDINWT . KHWNT MW$L 
BMDINH GDWLH HIA QR$ QPICH AL MRKZ T$WMT HLB HLAWMIT . BARC HMT&NIINT 
QWDM KL BIKWLT HBICW& , KHWNT HN$IA NTPST L&TIM QRWBWT BAWTW AWPN $NTPST 
KHWNT MNK"L T&$IIT HMKWNIWT QRIIZLR . HBXIRWT HALH MTNHLWT &L MIWMNWT , 
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WDWQAQIS HWBS . ABL HNWSXH B&INH &WMDT . LKN I&WRRW MIDH GDWLH $L SQRNWT 
HMW$LIM HXD$IM $L QLIPWRNIH , $L @QSS , $L PLWRIDH , $L AILINWI W$L 
MI$IGN . MKL HMW$LIM HALH BWL@T AN RICARDS . BGIL 85 HIA R$AIT L@&WN 
LTWAR HPWLI@IQAIT HBKIRH BIWTR BARH"B . HIA NBXRH H$BW& LMW$LT @QSS , 
MQC M&RKT HBXIRWT HMKW&RT WHDRM@IT BIWTR $L 0991 . RICARDS HGI&H LRA$WNH 
AL HTWD&H HLAWMIT BARH"B , KA$R HWZMNH L$AT AT HNAWM HMRKZI BWW&IDT HMPLGH 
HDMWQR@IT , &RB HBXIRWT LN$IAWT $L 8891 . HDMWQR@IM HIW BAWWIRT AWPWRIH , 
WHNIXW $MW&MDM DWQAQIS LA IC@RK APILW LRWC LBIT HLBN . HWA IWKL LLKT 
L$M BNXT , BGLL HBWZ WHL&G $&WRR HIRIB HRPWBLIQAI GWRG BW$ . RICARDS 
HCXIQH MILIWNI AMRIQAIM BNAWM $ZWR &QICWT LGLGNIWT &L BW$ . " GWRG HMSKN " , 
AMRH RICARDS BHGIH H@QSANIT HRKH $LH , " HWA LA A$M , HWA NWLD &M 
RGL KSP BPH " . ZH HIH RMZ HN LHIWTW BN @WBIM , WHN LIKWLTW IWCAT HDWPN 
LHGID AT HDBRIM HLA - NKWNIM BZMN HLA - NKWN WBMQWM HLA - NKWN . BW$ 
@&N LIMIM KI HHTQPH HHIA NSKH BW AT HNXI$WT LH$IB LDMWQR@IM BMTQPT NGD , 
$ZKR TWQPNWTH M&WRR &D &K$IW AI - NWXWT NIKRT BIN M$QIPIM PWLI@IM . MAZ 
HITH RICARDS DMWT $NWIH BMXLWQT . KA$R HXLI@H LHTMWDD &L MW&MDWT MPLGTH 
LMW$L , HTIICBW NGDH $NI DMWQR@IM AXRIM , $HPICW IDI&WT KI HIA H$TM$H 
B&BR BSMIM . RICARDS LA @MNH AT IDH BCLXT . HIA AMNM ICAH MN HM&RKH 
HDMWQR@IT BNICXWN , ABL GM B$N W&IN . AI$ B@QSS LA PIQPQ $IRIBH HRPWBLIQAI , 
QLII@WN WILIAMS , XWWAI WAI$ NP@ , IBIS AWTH BQLWT . HWA HWPI& BT$DIRI 
HBXIRWT $LW RKWB &L SWS , &M MGB&T RXBT TITWRT , WPR@ &L NIMI HMACIZMW 
H@QSNI . HWA GM HTXIL LM&WD M&IDWT MILWLIWT $&RWRIITIWT . HWA I&C LN$IM , 
$AM HN NWPLWT QRBN LAWNS WHN XSRWT AWNIM , " MW@B L$TWQ WLIHNWT " . 
HWA DIBR BPWMBI &L NISIWNW KAI$ C&IR BBTI - BW$T MQSIQAIIM . HWA SIRB 
LLXWC AT IDH $L RICARDS BRBIM , WQRA LH BPNIH $QRNIT " . P&M AXRT $AL 
BXIWK GDWL , HAM XZRH LHIWT ALKWHWLIS@IT ( RICARDS HWDTH $&BRH @IPWL 
NGD ALKWHWLIZM BTQWPH MSWIMT $L XIIH ) . ITRWNW H&CWM $L WILIAMS BSQRIM 
PXT WHLK , WHRPWBLIQAIM MR@W BIIAW$ AT $&RWTIHM . HM HTXNNW LPNI WILIAMS 
L$TWQ . HWA LA HCLIX . BINWAR TQBL LIDIH RICARDS AT HAXRIWT HMINHLIT 
HGDWLH BIWTR $NMSRH AI - P&M LIDI A$H BTWLDWT ARH"B . A$H AXRT , DIAN 
PIINS@IIN , RA$ H&IR L$&BR $L SN PRNSISQW , XCI - IHWDIH , NWCXH BHPR$ 
Q@N BBXIRWT LMW$L QLIPWRNIH , HGDWLH BMDINWT HBRIT . A$H AXRT , QII 
AWR , AIBDH AT KHWNT HMW$LT BMDINT NBRASQH MQC TQWPT KHWNH AXT . A$H 
$LI$IT , MDLN QIWNIN , IHWDIIH MLAH , SIIMH $$ $NWT KHWNH KMW$LT WRMWN@ , 
WLA H&MIDH AT &CMH LBXIRH XWZRT . N$IM HPTI&W , WNBXRW LMW$LWT BMDINT 
QNZAS WBMDINT AWRGWN . BSK HKWL IHIW AIPWA BINWAR HBA $LW$ MW$LWT BARH"B 
W$TI SNA@WRIWT . AP A$H AXT LA HCLIXH LHIBXR H$NH LSNA@ . L&WMT ZAT N$MRH 
RMT HIICWG HIHWDI . LPNI HBXIRWT HIW $B&H SNA@WRIM , WGM AXRIHM I$ $B&H 
SNA@WRIM . AXD MHM , RWDI BW$WWIC , RPWBLIQN MMDINT MINSW@H , NWCX 
BBXIRWT , ABL AT MQWMW TWPS IHWDI AXR MMINSW@H , PWL WLS@WN . IHDWTW 
$L WWLS@WN N&$TH NW$A MRKZI B$LW$T HIMIM HAXRWNIM $L M&RKT HBXIRWT . 
BW$WWIC NISH L$KN& IHWDIM BMINSW@H LHCBI& NGD WWLS@WN , BA$R AIN HWA 
IHWDI NAMN , WILDIW AINM GDLIM KIHWDIM . MWMXIM PWLI@IIM BMINSW@H H&RIKW 
BIWM D KI HHTQPH &L NAMNWIWTIW HDTIWT $L WWLS@WN HITH GWRM MRKZI BTBWST 
BW$WWIC . LPNI HHTQPH HWBIL BW$WWIC BITRWN $L %9 . BTWK 84 $&WT HTPWGG 
HITRWN . BMWCAI HBXIRWT , LPNI $HWDH BTBWSTW , HWPI& BW$WWIC B$IDWR 
@LWWIZIH WH@IL AT HA$MH BQ$IIW &L $WRH $L GWRMIM XICWNIIM . HWA LA X$B 
$HIH M$HW PGWM BHTNHGWTW $LW . WWLS@WN , PRWPSWR LMD& HMDINH BAWNIBRSI@H 
MQWMIT , H$KIL LNCL MCB RWX LAWMI BARH"B NGD B&LI KHWNWT PWLI@IWT . T$DIRI 
HBXIRWT $LW TWARW K$NWNIM BIWTR BARH"B . $NIIM MHM HIW M&RKWNIM QWMIIM . 
BAXD NRAH WWLS@WN MXP$ AT RWDI BW$WWIC &L PNI KL MINSW@H , BNISIWN LQIIM 
ATW WIKWX PWMBI . B$NI HWA NRAH RC BQPICWT NWIRW@IWT &L PNI CIWNI DRK 
BXIIW , WMTNCL $AIN LW ZMN LLKT BNXT MPNI $TQCIB HPRSWM $LW &WMD LHIGMR . 
BW$WWIC LA SBL MB&IWT KALH . HWA MWL@I - MILIWNR , HMSWGL TMID LHLWWT 
L&CMW KSP . XWC MZH , MKWX M&MDW KSNA@WR HCLIX LASWP TRWMWT $L 7 MILIWN 
DWLR . WWLS@WN HIH HMW&MD HIXID LSNA@ H$BW& $HCLIX LHBIS SNA@WR MKHN . 
" ITRWN HKHWNH " HWA &K$IW KL KK MWXL@ , &D $BKMH MIRWCIM LA @RXH 
HMPLGH HIRIBH LHCIG APILW MW&MD NWMINLI . SNA@WRIM WCIRI BIT NBXRIM MNCLIM 
AT HKHWNH KDI LASWP KMWIWT &CWMWT $L KSP , WLH@BI& BHN KL IRIB PW@NCIALI . 

* 

TMWHH , BL$WN HM&@H , 
H&RTW $L HN$IA MI@RAN LPNI $BW&WT AXDIM BLBD , $LD&TW H&MDTW $L BWSQH 
LDIN TGRWM NZQ CIBWRI . DMWT MRKZIT AXRT BPR$H ZW , DRQIIH DH PLPWAH , 
MI $HIH HNCIB HKLLI L$ALWT HIHWDIM , NML@ MARCW AXRI $XRWRH . $LA BPNIW 
NIDWN LMWWT , AK HDBR LA HPRI& LW LXIWT BGLWT NINWXH BSPRD . B8791 HKRIZ 
BRAIWN &NQ L$BW&WN " LAQSPRS " , $AMNM BAW$WWIC &SQW HNACIM BHGZH , 
AK LA BHGZT BNI - ADM , ALA BHGZT KINIM . HWA MT LPNI KMH $NIM BSPRD . 
HWA LA H@RID AT HMMSD HCRPTI BHCHRWT MBIKWT , W$L@WNWT CRPT LA @RXW 
$IWSGR LIDIHM LCWRK H&MDTW LDIN . $TI PR$IWT AXRWT , NWSP &L ZW $L RNH 
BWSQH , NMCAWT AP HN KIWM BDIWN M$P@I MWQDM $NM$K ZMN RB : ZW $L MWRIS 
PAPWN WZW $L PWL @WBIIH . PAPWN , $KAMWR $IM$ MMWNH &L MXWZ ZIRWND BZMN 
HMLXMH , HWRH &L BICW& HAQCIWT NGD HIHWDIM BIWLI 2491 . AXRI HMLXMH , 
B$NT 8591 , HWA HIH MMWNH &L MXWZ PARIS . MAWXR IWTR $IM$ $R BMM$LT 
RIIMWN BAR BIMI N$IAWTW $L WALRI ZISQAR - DAS@AN . B3891 , B&QBWT XQIRH 
MXWD$T , NQB& KI I$ MQWM LHGI$ NGDW KTB AI$WM BGIN SIW& LM&CRM $L IHWDIM 
KDRI$T HGRMNIM . B4891 HWDI& LW $WP@ - XWQR KI HWG$W NGDW TLWNWT NWSPWT . 
&D HIWM NMCAWT TLWNWT HLLW B$LB MWQDM $L DIWN BPNI $WP@ - XWQR . B&QBWT 
HM$P@ NGD RA$ HGS@APW BLIN , QLAWS BRBI , &LH MXD$ $MW $L PWL @BIH . 
HWA HIH MMPQDI HMILICIH HCRPTIT HIDW&H L$MCH BLIWN , N@L XLQ P&IL BAQCIWT 
$L HGS@APW NGD LWXMI MXTRT WIHWDIM , &INH &CWRIM , $DD AT RKW$M , WHWRH 
&L HWCATM LHWRG $L KMH MQWRBNWTIW BLI M$P@ . AXRI H$XRWR N&LMW &QBWTIW . 
BIT M$P@ BLIWN DN AWTW LMWWT $LA BPNIW . B$NT 1972 GILH TXQIR &ITWNAI 
$BNWBMBR 1971 H&NIQ LW HN$IA ZWRZ PWMPIDW XNINH , WKI BM$K KL H$NIM NHNH 
HPW$& MXSWT RA$I HKNSIIH HQTWLIT BCRPT WBAI@LIH . B$NT 3891 NTXD$H HXQIRH 
NGD @WBIIH , AK HWA $WB N&LM . BSP@MBR 1984 PWRSMH B&ITWN AZWRI MWD&T 
&L MWTW KBIKWL , WAP NMCA " MQWM QBWRTW " . AK &DIIN MXP$IM AXRI @WBIIH 
HXI . AIN PLA $PR$T BWSQH HZKIRH GM AT PR$IWT PAPWN W@WBIIH . BMSIBT 
&ITWNAIM $N&RKH B81 BAWQ@WBR H$NH BPARIS DIBR N$IA HLIGH LZKWIWT HADM , 
&W"D AIB ZPH , &L " XWSR HRCWN HPWLI@I LHBIA LIDI BIRWR AT $LW$ HPR$IWT 
$L BWSQH , PAPWN W@WBIIH " . HWA AMR : " $LW$H TIQIM ALH NMCAIM BNQWDH 
MTH . AIN ZH MQRH $$LW$T HAN$IM HLLW LA N$P@W &D KH . AI$IM ALH MILAW 
TPQIDIM RMIM WB&LI X$IBWT BPWLI@IQH , BMINHL WB&WLM H&SQIM . ANI SBWR 
$HM NHNIM MHZDHWT M&MDIT AMITIT . LA TWB&IM LDIN $R AW MMWNH &L HM$@RH , 
M$WM $HWA $IIK LXWG $L AN$IM $AINW RWCH $IKBSW AT HKBISH HMLWKLKT " . 
WMH BINTIIM ? PAPWN , @WBIIH WBWSQH XWP$IIM . KL AXD MHM MTQRB LGIL 
$MWNIM . HRW$M HWA $HMMSD HCRPTI MCPH $IMWTW B$Q@ . MH $BRWR , $HWA 
AINW M&WNIIN BH&MDTM LDIN . HWA XW$$ MX$IPT SWDWT HXBWIIM BKSPWT , MPNI 
&DWIWT XD$WT , WMPNI ZKRWNWT H&LWLIM LGLWT $LDIM HXBWIIM $NIM KH RBWT 
BARWNWT $WNIM . 

* 

ARB& WXCI $&WT C&DW ATMWL BIRW$LIM &$RWT ALPIM AXRI ARWNW $L MAIR KHNA 
BMS& HLWWIIH PRW& , RCWP QRIAWT HSTH LPGI&WT B&RBIM , B&ITWNAIM WB$W@RIM . 
B$&H 1200 , K$HXL HQHL LHTPZR , MNTH HM$@RH $LW$H $W@RIM PCW&IM , 
AXD MHM Q$H , WARB&H &RBIM &WBRI - AWRX $NPC&W AP HM . B$&H 1400 
&DIIN NMCA QHL HRBBWT TXT $LI@H WBQRH . HXL M$&WT HCHRIM HTQBCW ALPIM 
SBIB I$IBT HR&IWN HIHWDI B$KWNT $MWAL HNBIA . BNI M$PXT KHNA I$BW &L 
MRPST HM$QIPH &L PTX HI$IBH . CLMI &ITWNWT RBIM NDXQW &L GG B@WN SMWK . 
CWWTI TQ$WRT AXRIM H$MW MAXWRI GDIRWT M$@RH . B$&H 1500 HGI& HARWN 
LMQWM . MHRMQWL BQ& QWLW $L AXD MTLMIDI HI$IBH , $QRA PSWQI THILIM . 
HCIBWR XZR AXRIW BDBQWT . QHL HRBBWT KLL KIPWT SRWGWT , XRDIM , IHWDIM 
DTIIM MARH"B WAN$I $KWNWT . AN$I HXBRH QDI$A BIQ$W LH&BIR AT ALWNQT HNP@R 
MHRKB AL HI$IBH . LM&LH MXCI $&H HM NISW L&$WT ZAT , AK LLA HCLXH . 
BNI HM$PXH , HRBNIM , RA$I KK WAPILW HRB HRA$I LI$RAL , HRA$WN LCIWN 
HRB MRDKI ALIHW , HTXNNW BPNI HQHL LPNWT M&@ DRK , AK L$WWA . MAWT 
CRW &L RKB HXBRH QDI$A , TWK $HM DWXPIM AI$ AT R&HW WM$LXIM QLLWT WGIDWPIM 
L&BR AN$I HTQ$WRT HRBIM . H$R IWBL NAMN WSGNITW GAWLH KHN , $BIQ$W LHSPID 
AT HRB KHNA , GWR$W MHMQWM . BQHL NRAW XBR HKNST ALIQIM H&CNI , H$R 
ICXQ PRC , HX"K L$&BR MAIR KHN ABIDWB , D"R I$RAL ALDD WDMWIWT RBWT 
NWSPWT MXWGI HIMIN . B2115 NISH RKB HXBRH QDI$A LDXWP B&DINWT AT HCRIM 
&LIW . HTWCAH : PCW& $NDRS . LQWL CPIRWT HAMBWLNS $MIHR &MW LBIT HXWLIM , 
PTX HRB HRA$I AT $WRT HHSPDIM . HRB HRA$I &MD &L TKWNWTIW $L KHNA : 
" HXSD $LW , HCDQH $LW WRAIIT HXIIM $LW " , WAXR KK PWNH LQHL : " HQB"H 
IQWM DMW . LA LHPRI& LKWXWT HBI@XWN . LH$AIR AT HNQMH LALWQIM " . HRB 
NXMN KHNA , AXIW $L MAIR KHNA , HZKIR LCIBWR TWK BKI , KI " DMW $L 
KHNA N$PK &L RQ& HR - HBIT . HDM HZH RWTX . &L HDM HZH AIN KPRH " . RQ 
BDBRIW $L HRB ABRHM @WLDANW , M$GIX BI$IBT HR&IWN HIHWDI WMSPR 4 BR$IMT 
KK LKNST , HIW KBR HWRAWT M&$IWT : " ALWQIM IIQWM DMW WANW NIQWM AWTW . 
. . AL NQMWT H . &K$IW &T LHRWG . ZW H&T LHRWG RBWTI . NCPH L$LWM , 
AK AINK IKWL LHGI& L$LWM , $LA DRK HMLXMH . &T L@WB W&T LR& : AINK 
IKWL LHGI& L@WB , AM ATH LA MB&R AT HR& . ZH HRG& . ZH HZMN LNQWM NQMTW 
$L KL IHWDI " . DBRIW $L IQWTIAL BN - I&QB , AI$ KK HMQWRB BIWTR LRB KHNA , 
HM HMPWR$IM BIWTR , WHWA PNH AL RBW , KAILW &WD HIH XI : " HRB KHNA 
RCXW AWTK P&MIIM . KAN BARC PSLW AWTK WBARH"B RCXW AWTK . HTQ$WRT H&WIINT 
MM$IKH LRCWX AWTK P&M $LI$IT . NBKH WNPSIQ LBKWT WNQIIM AT HTWRH $LIMDT 
AWTNW NQMH . NITN AT R$WT HDIBWR LXBR TT - MQL& LXBR SKIN . $LWM HRB 
KHNA " . A@ A@ HTXIL HHMWN LC&WD AL MXWC LSM@AWT L&BR HKBI$ HRA$I . TXILH 
B$Q@ WAXR KK TWK QRIAWT GWBRWT WHWLKWT : " MWWT L&RBIM " , " MWWT 
L$MALNIM " , " RWCIM NQMH " . HQHL HZH HIH CMA LDM WHWA XIP$ &RBIM . 
MDI P&M BP&M PRCH QBWCH $L KMH MAWT HCIDH KA$R NDMH HIH $GILTH &RBI . 
ABL HAKZBH RBH . B&LI MP&LIM RBIM &L NTIB HHLWWIIH N&LW AT PW&LIHM MAXWRI 
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$&L HR HMNWXWT NRGM BABNIM HRKB $L QWL I$RAL . @IRN PWLQ , MNK " L KK , 
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AXRI HHLWWIIH NLK L$XRR AT HR HBIT . KWLNW KAI$ AXD . MWWT L&RBIM , 
MWWT L$MALNIM , MWWT LIWSI $RID . Q$H LHWCIA AT HARWN MMKWNIT HXBRH 
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QWRAIM AT HQDI$ , WHQHL &WNH AMN . TM MS& HHLWWIIH . MTXIL MS& HNQMH . 
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GM KRA$ W&D RA$I HR$WIWT H&RBIWT BI$RAL , AMR KI HIRIWT NWRW L&BR BITW 
WKI LAXR RCX MAIR KHNA HZHIRH AWTW HM$@RH KI QIIM X$$ $QICWNIM IHWDIM 
INSW LPGW& BB&LI TPQIDIM BKIRIM BMGZR H&RBI . HM$@RH HZHIRH ATMWL XBRI - 
KNST &RBIM WB&LI TPQIDIM BKIRIM BMGZR H&RBI , HMTGWRRIM BCPWN HARC , 
KI QIIM X$$ LNISIWNWT PGI&H BHM . HM HTBQ$W LDWWX LM$@RH &L TNW&WTIHM . 



* 

ADM NHRG , ADM NRCX BIDI R&WLI PNIM WAXR NDQR &L IDM , 803 NPC&W , 
LPI MQWRWT PL$TINIIM , WKN NPC&W $I$H XIILI CH"L WTIIRT AXT BAIRW&I 
H$BW& B$@XIM . XMI$H XIILI CH"L NPC&W BAWRX QL BTQRIWT Q$WT $HIW BSWP 
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$HIW BRCW&H ATMWL W$L$WM NHRG MXMWD &IZAT AL BSIWNI , BN 92 , TW$B BIT 
XNWN . $NIIM NPC&W BAWRX Q$H W261 NPC&W , LPI MQWRWT PL$TINIIM : 88 
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RBIM BGIL 01 W21 WARB& N$IM BHRIWN . NCIG DWBR CH"L BPIQWD DRWM SIRB 
LPR@ BAILW KDWRIM NPC&W HTW$BIM . MQWRWT CBAIIM BPIQWD DRWM AMRW KI 78 
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WLAXR MKN $WXRRW . $NIIM MHM AW$PZW LQBLT @IPWL BBIT HXWLIM HMM$LTI BRMALLH . 
BADR &LI ABW ZHRH , S@WDN@ LHNDSH , TW$B HKPR IA@H , NPG& BGBW WIDW 
N$BRH ; NIDAL PAIZ AL PKWWR , BN 12 M@WBAS , TLMID BXWG LANGLIT AIBD 
$TIIM M$INIW ; 51 S@WDN@IM NWSPIM @WPLW BMRPAH MQWMIT W$WXRRW LBTIHM . 
DWBR CH"L MSR BTGWBH : " KWX $L CH"L &CR QBWCH $L 03 AN$IM KDI LATR 
MBWQ$IM . RWBM $WXRRW WAXRIM NWTRW BM&CR . AXD MHM $HTNGD LM&CR NPG& 
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NPC&H AI$H BT 44 , SMIRH DB&I , MPGI&T ABN BRA$H , WAW$PZH BBIT HXWLIM 
BRAPIDIH . TW$BIM @&NW KI HABN NZRQH BIDI XIILIM MTCPIT CBAIT , HNMCAT 
&L GG BNIIN AGWDT HCDQH B$KWNH . MCH"L NMSR KI MMCAI TXQIR RA$WNI LA 
H&LW DBR WKI HIWM ITBC& TXQIR MQIP . $LW$H BQBWQI TB&RH HW$LKW AM$ L&BR 
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HBQBWQIM HTNPCW , AK LA NGRM KL NZQ WAIN NPG&IM . LDBRI MQWRWT PL$TINIIM 
NPC&W ATMWL BHTPR&WIWT BRCW&T &ZH $MWNH TW$BIM . HMQWRWT MSRW &L HTNG$WIWT 
BMXNWT HPLI@IM WB&IR &ZH . NCIG DWBR CH"L BPIQWD HDRWM DIWWX AP &L HPGNWT 
W&L $$H PCW&IM $HGI&W LBTI HXWLIM . BBIT HM$P@ B&ZH NIDWNW ATMWL $LW$H 
C&IRIM LMASR &WLM , LAXR $HWR$&W BX@IPT TW$B MQWMI WRCIXTW &L IDI H@B&TW 
BBWR BIWB . 


* 

DWWQA KIWWN $HWA MTBWNN MWK$R KL - KK HMT&D BDQDQNWT AT $RAW &INIW , 
MHWWH HTIIXSWTW $L TWM $GB LMH $RAH BSIWR M$LXT HNW&R LPWLIN ( " HARC " , 
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B$&TW SMLI HGBWRH . $M , BAW$WWIC , HRI KBR MWTR LBKWT ( WLA RQ &L 
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B&M , BAMC&WT $LIXIM KMW $GB , MXP$T AXRIHM GM L$M . HIA TGI& &D LAW$WWIC 
WL@RBLINQH , KDI LHT&MT &M HM&IZIM LXW$ RG$ LAWMI , WLHBI& AT HTRG$WTM 
BAMC&WT SMLIM LAWMIIM AW DTIIM . &K$IW , MSTBR , SBWRIM AGPIM MSWIMIM 
B$MAL LA KWLW KMWBN $GM AW$WWIC HIA SML MSWKN , $&LWL LHWLID RG$WT 
$L MILI@N@IWT W$WBINIZM LAWMNI . ALA $M&BR L&WBDH $$GB WDWMIW AXRAIM 
B&CMM LICIRT HZIHWI BIN RG$ LAWMI LH$QPH IMNIT , HBIQWRT $HWA MB@A HIA 
TGWBH $L BT - I&NH . MH L&$WT WH$WAH HNWRAH AKN QRTH . AI$ MM$TTPI HSIWRIM 
LPWLIN WMM&CBI AWPIIM LA HMCIA AT H$WAH LCRKIW HPWLI@IIM . H$WAH , WHAN@I$MIWT 
BKLL , HN XLQ BLTI - NPRD MN HHIS@WRIH HIHWDIT . WBMCB KZH , MH HPLA 
$HRG$ H@B&I BIWTR $HN M&WRRWT HWA HCWRK B&CMAWT LAWMIT , $BMSGRTH TTAP$R 
HIKWLT LHIWT XZQ WLHGN &L &CMK ? NKWN $I$ LRG$WT HLLW GM PW@NCIAL $L 
TWP&WT $LILIWT KMW &WINWT BSISIT KLPI ZRIM , WKMW LGI@IMCIH L$WBINIZM 
QICWNI NWSX HKHNIZM , AW LGI@IMCIH LIXS BLTI MWSRI KLPI " HGWIIM " . 
AK HXBRH HI$RALIT HWKIXT $TGWBWT $LILIWT M&IN ALW HN BSK HKL XRIGWT LMDI , 
MWQ&WT &L - IDI KL HZRMIM HPWLI@IIM , WBWWDAI $I$ LHIABQ BHN . ALA 
$B&LI H$QPH KMW $GB @W&IM @&WT MRH K$HM MSI@IM AT T$WMT - HLB MAWTW XLQ 
$L TWCAWT HRG$ HLAWMI $HWA $LILI , L&BR NISIWN L&QR AT HRG$ HLAWMI &CMW , 
AT @QSIW WAT SMLIW , WLPGW& BHM . HGI$H $$GB MIICG HIA BDIWQ HSIBH 
LPWPWLRIWT HHWLKT WGWBRT $L DBQIT BNWSX " H&M NGD TQ$WRT &WINT " , HIINW : 
&WINT AT RG$WTIW H@B&IIM BIWTR K&M . BSIWM MAMRW KWTB $GB : " $WB 
W$WB $INNW BAWZNI HTLMIDIM $H$WAH MCWWH &LIHM LHI$AR BI$RAL . LA $INNW 
BAZNIHM $HIA MXIIBT AWTM LBCR AT HDMWQR@IH ( &WD DWGMH LTGWBH S@RIAW@IPIT : 
MH &NIIN HM$@R HDMWQR@I LKAN , KA$R HI@LR &CMW &LH L$L@WN BMSGRT M$@R 
KZH I"$ ) , LHILXM BGZ&NWT , LHGN &L MI&W@IM W&L ZKWIWT HADM , LHIMN& 
MBICW& PQWDWT BLTI XWQIWT " . $GB AINW M&LH BD&TW $MA TNW&T BNI - HNW&R 
LKIWWN HRG$ HLAWMI - MILI@N@I HIA &CMH RIAQCIH LHDG$H HBLTI PRWPWRCIWNLIT 
$L " HXINWK LDMWQR@IH " L&WMT HXINWK HLAWMI - CIWNI . I$ IWTR MSIKWI 
@WB LHNIX $AILW M&RKT HXINWK WKLI HTQ$WRT HIW $WMRIM &L AIZWN &DIN WMWRKB 
BIN HCW HLAWMI LCW HMWSRI , AIZWN KZH HIH MCLIX LHI$MR GM BMS& LPWLIN . 
KA$R QWRH ASWN LADM PR@I WHWA MGIB BAWPN QICWNI , MBIN KL ADM BR - D&T 
$I$ LHTMWDD &M HTGWBH HQICWNIT BLI LHIWT &WIN L&CM RG$WT HKAB WHC&R $HWLIDW 
AWTH . ABL KL MH $MWBN KLPI ADM PR@I HWPK B$NIM HAXRWNWT , BAGPIM MSWIMIM 
$L HXBRH , LHIWT BLTI MWBN K$MDWBR B$WAH . &K$IW PWPWLRI LNGX AT " TSBIK 
H$WAH " , KAILW LA HITH H$WAH ASWN LAWMI MXRID ( $BHKRX MBIA GM XRDWT 
QICWNIWT WTGWBWT $LILIWT AXRWT ) ALA QWMPLQS PSIKWLWGI . BAXD MSIPWRIW 
HNPLAIM BIWTR , MSPR RBI NXMN MBRSLB &L BN - MLK $NPL L$IG&WN WX$B $HWA 
TRNGWL - HWDW . AI$ LA HCLIX LRPA AWTW , &D $BA AWTW ADM $HSTWBB ATW 
MTXT L$WLXN , LIQ@ GRGRIM , WBTHLIK HDRGTI WMMW$K $IKN& AWTW $GM TRNGWL - 
HWDW IKWL L$BT LID H$WLXN , LHTLB$ WLAKWL " KMW BN - ADM " . AIN B&INI 
LQX XINWKI BSISI WX$WB IWTR : AI - AP$R LH$PI& &L ADM AW &L XBRH LTQN 
AT TKWNWTIHM H$LILIWT BLI MIDH GDW$H $L HBNH WHZDHWT &M HMCWQWT $HWLIDW 
AWTH HTNHGWT . 

*

LHZMNH $L ARGWN BNIW - IWRQ LBWA LHRCAH $L MAIR KHNA LA N&NW IWTR M$$IM 
AI$ , ABL ALPI IHWDIM NKXW BLWWIH HSMLIT $TWMKIW &RKW LW LPNI H&BRT HARWN 
LARC . M&WLM LA &LH BIDI KHNA LHZ&IQ RBBWT BNI ADM LASIPH AW HPGNH KL$HI , 
ABL AXRI ARWNW BIRW$LIM HLKW HMWNIM . XWSR IXS ZH BIN MMDIW HMBW@LIM 
KM&@ $L HGR&IN HMAWRGN LBIN GL HAHDH HADIR A$R PRC HXWCH B&QBWT HIRCXW , 
M&WRR TMIHH GM AM NZKWR $P&M RIKZ MSPIQ QWLWT KDI LHIBXR LKNST . IHIH 
ZH MWGZM L@&WN KI IRW$LIM HIHWDIT $IIKT , KL KWLH , LTNW&T " KK " ; 
ABL NHIRT HMWNI TW$BIH AXR ARWNW $L MAIR KHNA M&IDH &L &WCMT HRG$WT $&WRR 
HRCX BNIW - IWRQ . HAI$ $NPL QWRBN LKDWRI AQDX $NWRW &L - IDI &RBI , 
HCIT BMWTW AT HAIBH L&RBIM . HA$ HZAT TWSIP LLXW$ , GM AM HLHBH $L IWM 
QBWRTW $L MAIR KHNA TD&K BMQCT . AM B&QBWT HPIGW&IM BBQ&H , BA$QLWN 
WBCWMT ALWNIM HIH MQWM LH&LWT AT HSBRH KI HAINTIPADH NKNST L$LB XD$ WHIA 
MTXILH LHRXIB AT MSGRT HHTMRDWT B$L@WN HKIBW$ LMLXMH B&M HIHWDI , IITKN 
KI ZH $RCX AT MAIR KHNA &WMD LGRWR AT H&M HIHWDI LHRIM AT HKPPH $NZRQH 
L&BRW MHCD H&RBI - PL$TINI . &WD B@RM HLWWIH AMR AXD MRA$I HTNW&H , @IRN 
PWLQ : " ZH LA I&BWR B$Q@ , WASWR $ZH I&BWR B$Q@ . ANI LA IWD& MH 
IQRH , ABL BRWR $IHIW P&WLWT $L IXIDIM NGD &RBIM , W$&RBIM I$LMW &L - 
KK " . I$ L$IM LB LNISWX : @IRN PWLQ MDBR B$PH $L TXZIT $HWA B@WX $AMNM 
TTG$M . HWA NZHR MLAIIM BP&ILWT $L XBRI TNW&T " KK " , WIITKN KI HWA 
DWWQA I&$H MAMC KDI LMNW& P&WLWT NQM , $&LWLWT LSBK AT HTNW&H &M H$L@WNWT 
HMMWNIM &L $MIRT HXWQ WHSDR . ABL TXZITW KMWH KQRIAH LKL MAN DHWA , 
LQWM WLNQWM AT RCX KHNA B&RBIM BA$R HM &RBIM . AWLM HTGWBH AINH CRIKH 
LHIWT MWGBLT RQ KLPI H&RBIM ; TNW&T " KK " HA$IMH , TIKP WMID , BHWD&H 
R$MIT , AT HMM$LH , HKNST , BIT HM$P@ WHTQ$WRT B"RCX AWPI " $L MAIR 
KHNA . WDQ : HA$MH MW@XT GM BMM$LH A$R MNHIG HLIKWD &WMD BRA$H . BHWD&H 
HZW &WD NAMR KI " M&$H HRCX HWA LM&$H BICW& GZR DIN MWWT $NPSQ LKBWD 
HRB MAIR KHNA HI"D &L - IDI HKNST , HBG"C WHTQ$WRT HI$RALIT . DMW &LIHM " . 
AM IQWTIAL BN - I&QB AMR BHSPDW KI " &TH NITNH R$WT HDIBWR LXBR TT - 
HMQL& WLXBR SKIN " , BRI KI TNW&T " KK " MQD$T , LMPR& , KL PIGW& 
B$WP@ , BXBR KNST WB&ITWNAI A$R MI$HW SBWR KI PG&W BAWPN KL$HW BKHNA . 
AIN WDAWT KI XBRI HTNW&H HMAWRGNIM IBQ$W LNCL AT HHITR HZH , AM KI AIN 
LHQL RA$ BIDI&H KI " IITKN $BWDDIM BTNW&H MKINIM , AW IKINW BIMIM HQRWBIM , 
R$IMWT $L &RBIM , AN$I $MAL WTQ$WRT WISMNW AWTM KM@RWT LPGI&H " ( 
" HARC " , 811  ) . MSPIQ KI MI$HW , GM AM AIN LW $WM Q$R &M HTNW&H , 
IXP$ L&CMW QWRBN MBIN ALH H$IIKIM L$LW$ HQ@GWRIWT . HPL$TINAIM $BIC&W 
RCIXWT BBQ&H WBA$QLWN WNISW LRCWX $TI XIILWT BCWMT ALWNIM P&LW GM HM &L 
D&T &CMM ; BAWTW AWPN &LWLIM " LP&WL " IHWDIM KDI LTT PWRQN LRG$WTIHM 
HNS&RIM , BBICW& PIGW& $TNW&T " KK " LA IZMH AW AI$RH . HD&T NWTNT 
KI HTNW&H HMMWSDT TQPID LHIMN& MKL MHLK H&LWL LSKN AT XWQIWT QIWMH . 
ABL HIA KBR &$TH DI KDI L&WDD KL AXD LBC& M&$I NQM , $&LWLIM LPGW& BIHWDIM 
LA PXWT WAWLI AP IWTR MA$R B&RBIM . AM TXZIT ZW TTAMT , N&MWD GM BPNI 
MLXMT AZRXIM . ZWHI HSKNH , W&L HMM$LH L&$WT MAMC &ILAI KDI LMWN&H . 
$MA LMDW IWBL NAMN WGAWLH KHN LQX MH&WBDH $AN$I " KK " SILQW AWTM MHLWWIH ? 
&INIHM , W&INI KL HAXRIM $RAW BMAIR KHNA " P@RIW@ " IHWDI KI H@IP 
L$NWA AT KL H&RBIM CRIKWT &TH LHIPQX . M$@RT I$RAL &$TH MAMC GDWL KDI 
LRSN AT HHMWNIM $HTPR&W B$&T HLWWIH BIRW$LIM ; HIA MCWWH LHTMID BMAMC 
ZH , WLA RQ BIRW$LIM . XLQ MHMTPR&IM QILLW $L$WM LA RQ &RBIM W&ITWNAIM , 
ALA GM $W@RIM . &L HMM$LH BKLL , W&L RA$ HMM$LH BPR@ , MW@LT HXWBH 
LXZQ AT HRG$TM $L KL H&WSQIM BBI@XWN HMDINH KI &LIHM LP&WL BTQIPWT NGD 
KL MI $MPR AT HXWQ AXT HIA AM MDWBR B&RBI AW BIHWDI . KWXWT HBI@XWN 
CPWIIM L&MWD B&T MILWI TPQIDM BMBXN $L NAMNWT L&QRWN H$WWIWN BIN $NI H&MIM , 
KPI $QB&H AWTW MGILT H&CMAWT ; DIN H&BRIIN HIHWDI AINW CRIK LHIWT QL 
IWTR MDIN &BRIIN $AINW IHWDI . B$WM AWPN AIN MQWM LXWN &BRIINIM MBIN 
TWMKI KHNA $N$P@W KDIN . ZH HMGNH AT RWCXW $L MAIR KHNA , MN HRAWI $I$MI& 
AT QWLW NGD KL RCX , WASWR LW LHIWT MW$P& MH$QPWTIW HPWLI@IWT . I$ LICWR 
AWWIRH CIBWRIT $T$IM SKR MPNI T&MWLTH $L TNW&T " KK " , W$TRXIQ AT HSKNH 
$IHWDIM IIPG&W MKLIM $IQWTIAL BN - I&QB QRA LHP&LTM . I$ LICWR MCB $BW 
" KK TBWDD MRWB IHWDI I$RAL . ZH &$WI LH$PI& GM &L BRIWNIM BNIW - IWRQ 
AW BPARIS . HB&IH HMRKZIT $MDINT I$RAL &WMDT BPNIH QBI&T &TIDM HMDINI 
$L HPL$TINAIM B$@XIM HMWXZQIM AIN LPWTRH BAMC&WT RDIPT &RBIM BIRW$LIM 
WBHTNQ$WIWT BIHWDIM , $AINM RWAIM BHM$K HKIBW$ PTRWN $L QB& . HMM$LH 
XIIBT LXP$ PTRWN $I$XRR LA RQ AT HPL$TINAIM ALA GM AWTNW M&WL HKIBW$ . 
HIA XIIBT LHWRWT LKWXWT HBI@XWN LMNW& RCIXWT PWLI@IWT BMDINH . 

* 

H&MDWT BPWLI@IQH HI$RALIT NXLQWT L$LW$ QBWCWT . I$NW HIMIN , HNCI AW 
HMTWN , $L @RNSPR AW $L DW - QIWM BARC I$RAL H$LMH , $L KHNA $ID& BDIWQ 
AT HPTRWN HNXWC , AW $L DN MRIDWR , $R M$P@IM MTLB@ BMM$LT IMIN CRH . 
WI$NW H$MAL , HMWWTR WHMTP$R , $I$ BW BI@WII MBWKH HMWBILIM LGIBW$ 
NWSXAWT MWRKBWT $L HSDRIM PWNQCIWNLIIM WQWNPDR@IWWIIM AW $L MI $AWMRIM 
BMPWR$ MDINH PL$TINIT , $L IHWDIM $WXRI AXWWT &MIM W$L &RBIM AZRXI I$RAL 
HDWAGIM LAXIHM . I$ $WNI GDWL BTWKKI KL AXD MN HGW$IM PNIMH , AK HPWLI@IQH 
NXLQT BCWRH $RIRWTIT BAMC& , BIN ALH HNKWNIM AW NALCIM LWWTR LPL$TINAIM 
LBIN MI $&DIIN MXP$IM DRKIM XLWPIWT . KWLM M$WKN&IM BCDQT DRKIHM , $HRI 
AM LA IAMCW AT HHIGIWN HMTWN AW HTQIP H@MWN BTWKNIT $LHM , MWB@X $IIM$K 
H&IMWT . ALA $@RNSPR AI - AP$R LBC& , WBKL MQRH HWA RQ M&BIR AT HB&IH 
AL HGBWL ; SIPWX M$AIR AT HB&IH KAN ; &L M&MD BIRW$LIM LA IWWTRW H&RBIM ; 
LAWMIWTM $L &RBII I$RAL MT&CMT BDRK LXIPW$ HGDRH &CMIT M$LHM , WKL PTRWN 
B$@XIM IWTIR PL$TINAIM HM&WNIINIM LHM$IK LHILXM . BIWM $AXRI HHSDR , 
KL HSDR , IIM$KW HAIBH WHIRIBWT BIN &RBIM LIHWDIM . LKN I$NH GM DRK 
$LI$IT . HIA AINNH NCIT WAINNH IWNIT . HIA AINNH IMNIT , $MALIT AW 
MRKZIT , WAP LA P$RH BIN HIMIN L$MAL . BSK HKL HIA MBQ$T LWMR KI HSKSWK 
HI$RALI - PL$TINI , HNM$K $B&IM $NH WAWLI AP IWTR , IIM$K BKL MQRH &WD 
&$RWT RBWT $L $NIM . LA PTRWN IMNI MKL SWG $HWA , HXL@I KKL $IHIH , 
HWA $IBIA LSIWM HSKSWK , WGM LA PTRWN $MALI , MTWXKM KKL $IHIH . ANW 
NZKH LRAWT BGIBW$N $L &WD HRBH HC&WT - PTRWN , AWLI GM BII$WMN $L KMH , 
ABL TMID NCPH GM BQRISTN AW BHI$G XLQI . LA NZKH LRAWT BSWPW $L H&IMWT . 
B&LI HH$QPH MN HSWG H$LI$I HM M&@IM . AIN BINIHM AN$I CIBWR HRCIM LKNST 
B$M PTRWNWTIHM . PWLI@IQAI XIIB LHCIG PTRWN XD WBRWR , WHKL , BIMIN 
WB$MAL , DWMIM B$L KK BHTNHGWTM HNAIWWIT , HMAMINH $AILW RQ IW$MH HHC&H 
$LHM HKL HIH BA &L PTRWNW . HPWLI@IQAIM MWLIKIM $WLL AT &CMM WAT KL HCIBWR . 
GM LA RBIM MQRB HCIBWR MCWIIM BMXNH H$LI$I , $&$WI HIH LHIX$B HMXNH 
H$PWI HIXID , M$WM HTIIXSWTW HRIALIT , &CWBH KKL $THIH , LMAWR&WT . 
HCIBWR NSXP AXRI HPWLI@IQAIM , MBQ$ LHAMIN $HCDQ &M AXT M51 HMPLGWT 
BKNST , AW AWLI LPXWT AXD M021 XBRI HKNST CWDQ . &L AP $HSKSWK NM$K 
KBR TQWPH ARWKH WMTSKLT $DI HIH BH KDI LGB$ MXNH $LI$I XSR AWP@IMIWT , 
HM$LIM &M HMCIAWT W&RWK LXIWT &L PIH &WD ZMN RB , NRAH KI I$ BW BINTIIM 
RQ XBR AXD RA$ &IRIIT IRW$LIM , @DI QWLQ . AP$R $QWLQ NQL& IXID LGW$ 
HZH M$WM $BA MMPLGT H&BWDH , MN HGW$ $L HP$RNIM , WNDR$ LHGN K&T &L 
IRW$LIM H$LMH B$NWTIH HQ$WT , KA$R HIA MCWIH BMWQD HSKSWK . HWA IWD& 
$BLI WITWR AIN HSDR , ABL KL HMPLGWT HIHWDIWT MAWXDWT B&MDH $I$ LHXZIQ 
BBIRT I$RAL KWLH WMNGD HPL$TINAIM , MWSLMIM BRWBM , RWCIM L$LW@ BXLQIM 
B&IR . AP$R $NQL& LMXNH H$LI$I M$WM $AINW NMNH &M MI $RCW AW RCIM LKNST . 
KKZH HWA P@WR MLHCIG PTRWN MDINI , MLNSWT L$KN& BAXT M$TI HDRKIM HMTNG$WT 
$AINN IKWLWT LHW$I& . HWA AINW NDR$ LHCIG MC& , ALA BSK HKL L&ZWR LAN$IM 
LXIWT HIWM WMXR B&IR M&WRBT , BDW - QIWM $AINW QIIM . WAWLI QWLQ HWA 
AI$ HMXNH HZH KMI $NW$A BTWAR $L HMBWGR BIN HPWLI@IQAIM BI$RAL . B$NH 
HBAH IGI& LGBWRWT . ZQNI H&M , BKL &M , NHNIM MM&MD MIWXD , KI HM 
MSWGLIM LH$QIP &L HKL MNQWDH GBWHH IWTR , LM&$H HGBWHH BIWTR , $C&IRIM 
XSRIM AWTH . QWLQ AINW NRAH KMI $NQL& LMXNH H$LI$I BMQRH . DWMH $M&WLM 
LA X$B AXRT . TLAWT HSKSWK , HPWQDWT AWTNW $WB W$WB , AINN MPTI&WT 
AWTW . AXRI KL TQRIT $L PGI&H BIHWDIM AW B&RBIM , KA$R HKL XWZR LNQWDT 
HHTXLH WKWLM MABDIM TQWWH AW $WLPIM $WB AT HPTRWNWT $AINM NITNIM LII$WM 
WAINM IKWLIM LPTWR , QWLQ XWZR WAWMR BM&IN @WN LA SBLNI $L " AMRTI LKM 
KBR P&M " , $HAIBH HZW TIM$K &WD HRBH $NIM . HWA AWHB LHZKIR AT CPWN AIRLND . 
800 $NH XLPW MAZ XDR HKWB$ HANGLI LAI , WKM&@ 004 $NH MAZ H$LIM AT KIBW$ 
HCPWN , $MMNW @RM ICA . HAIRIM HPRW@S@N@IM , $HM LM&$H CACAI BNI HMHGRIM 
$BAW MANGLIH WHTNXLW BCPWN , AINM RWCIM $BRI@NIH TCA M$M . HQTWLIM , 
HAIRIM HLAWMIIM , L&WMT ZAT , RWCIM LHSTPX LAIRLND HM$WXRRT . QWLQ 
AWHB LHZKIR DWWQA AWTM HSKSWKIM BNI MAWT $NIM $CPWI KI IARKW &WD TQWPH 
DWMH . HWA MZKIR AT HCRPTIM BMZRX QNDH , $AIBDW AT &CMAWTM LDWBRI HANGLIT 
LPNI 032 $NH . K6 MILIWN HCRPTIM HLLW , QNAIM LTRBWTM WL$PTM HHWLKWT 
WDW&KWT , NLXMIM &L ZKWIWTIHM , WHMABQ AINW TM . LQWLQ AP P&M LA XSRWT 
DWGMAWT . BMAH H02 , MAZ ICAW HAIMPRIWT HQWLWNIALIS@IWT MRWB MAXZIHN 
B&WLM , PRCW &$RWT &IMWTIM BIN &MIM . NWKXWTN HCBAIT HTQIPH $L HM&CMWT 
&D CATN MN HQWLWNIWT MN&H AT HMABQ , AK LA XISLH AWTW . LMN HRG& $ICAW 
MNSH KL CD LHG$IM AT XLWMWTIW HLAWMIIM WH@RI@WRIALIIM $HIW KMWSIM . KK 
LM$L BATIWPIH , BSWDAN , BSHRH HSPRDIT WBARCWT AXRWT BAPRIQH ; KK BHWDW , 
BSRI LNQH , BAINDWNZIH WBMDINWT NWSPWT BASIH ; WKK ACL H$KNH QPRISIN . 
LR$IMTW $L QWLQ MC@RPIM KIWM MABQIM RBIM , &TIQIM WAINM BNI - PTRWN , 
HMQBLIM TNWPH MXWD$T . ALH HSKSWKIM HBIN - ATNIIM , HMTPRCIM BIN &$RWT 
H&MIM HXIIM ZH BTWK ZH BBRIT HMW&CWT HMTPRQT . PDRCIH AXRT H&WMDT LHTPRQ 
HIA IWGWSLWWIH , WGM $M PRCW WIPRCW QRBWT MRIM BIN BNI AWTH AWMH IWGWSLWWIT 
MLAKWTIT , HMWRKBT M$MWNH QBWCWT IRIBWT . HLAWMIWT MTWART KTWP&H $PRXH 
BMATIIM H$NIM HAXRWNWT LAXR QRISTN $L AIMPRIWT - H&NQ XWBQWT &WLM , WA$R 
HBXINH MAZ BIN &MIM WQB&H SDR BIN - LAWMI XD$ . ZWLT MDINT HHGIRH ARCWT 
HBRIT , $BH $WRRT HRMWNIH BIN MAWT MILIWNI BNI ADM , M$WS& H&WLM . 
GBWLWT MDINIIM MPRIDIM BIN ARCWT , WGBWLWT ATNIIM MPRIDIM BTWK HARCWT 
&CMN . HB&IH KKL $THIH P$W@H LTIAWR AINNH NITNT BDRK KLL LPTRWN . $NI 
&MIM AWXZIM BAWTW XBL ARC ; LKL AXD @&NWT HZKWT HLGI@IMIWT WHMWKRWT , 
RG$WT XIBH AL HMWLDT , WNKWNWT AW KWRX BLTI - MTP$R LHIABQ &L PIST HARC 
$I$BW BH B&BR WAI$ AINW RWCH LCAT MMNH . 

* 

LWWIITW HITH MKWBDT RQ BRA$ITH ; BHM$KH HITH LHTPR&WT . AXIW TIAR AWTW 
KGDWL HKHNIS@IM BM$PXTW . RWB HBAIM HIW XRDIM , $KNIM LI$IBT " HR&IWN 
HIHWDI " $HQIM BRXWB $MWAL HNBIA BIRW$LIM . RWB HBAIM LHSPIDW , ANI 
MNX$ , LA HIW MCBI&IM &BWRW . HM BAW KI HIH RB WMPNI $NRCX WMPNI $HMSPD 
N&RK LID MQWM MGWRIHM . MAIR KHNA NHG LTAR AT &CMW KMB@AH HNAMN $L HAIDIAWLWGIH 
HCIWNIT ; LM&$H BI@A RQ AT HICR HR& $LH . I$ BCIWNWT ALMN@ KHNIS@I ; 
HWA HGI& L$IAW BMLXMT H&CMAWT , WKTWCAH MMNW NWLD LPXWT XLQ MB&IIT HPLI@IM 
H&RBIM . BISWDW $L DBR ZH HIH H"@RANSPR " $KMH MRA$I HTNW&H HCIWNIT 
DGLW BW $NIM RBWT QWDM LKN . HCIWNWT , KMW GLIDH AMRIQAIT , BAH B@&MIM 
RBIM . KHNA HCI& CIWNWT B@&M GZ&NI - PWRNWGRPI - DTI . ZHW HXIDW$ HIXID 
BM$NTW . K$RC LKNST NDMH HIH LRBIM $HWA MSKN AT HDMWQR@IH . LM&$H , 
LA SIKN APILW AT HMPLGWT $MHN M$K AT TWMKIW , MHLIKWD IMINH . AXT LKMH 
$BW&WT HIITI NQL& LASIPT HMWNIM $KINS BMRKZ IRW$LIM . LCD H$RIRNIM $HIH 
MBIA ATW , HIW $M BDRK KLL KMH ZA@W@IM WPNSIWNR AMRIQAI AXD HNWHG LHLK 
BRXWBWT H&IR &M $L@IM W&LIHM DBRI GIDWP NGD H$MAL . AP KI BA MNIW - IWRQ 
HIH KHNA TWP&H IRW$LMIT MAWD . HWA DIBR BMB@A AMRIQAI NL&G , MICMC 
B&INIW WIRQ BDIBWRW . LP&MIM HIH $WLP MKISW SMR@W@ CB&WNI WQWR& AWTW 
LGZRIM , KMW HIH DGL A$"P . HWA AMR LAN$IM $BBWA HIWM HWA IHIH LRA$ 
HMM$LH , WHAN$IM HRI&W LW KPI $MRI&IM L$AR TMHWNI H&IR HZAT . LKHNA 
LA HITH M&WLM " TNW&H " $L MM$ , WBAXRIT IMIW GM HM&@IM $HTIIMRW LHWWT 
AWTH HIW LM&$H RQ XBWRH $L BWDDIM , LA " TNW&H " . MN HSTM HIH MCLIX 
$WB LHIBXR LKNST , AILW NITN LW ; BTWLDWT HKNST I$ LA M&@ SHRWRIT . 
AK KHNA HAI$ HIH KM&@ LA RLWWN@I LKHNIZM $HPIC , WLKN B&CM GM LA MSWKN . 
SPQ AM I$ KIWM MDINH DMWQR@IT B&WLM $AIN LH HKHNA $LH , WAP LA BAXT 
MHN HWA MSKN AT ISWDWT HDMWQR@IH ALA M$M$ RQ KBIB H$WPKIN HPWLI@I $LH . 
MBXINH MSWIMT &$H KHNA $IRWT @WB LDMWQR@IH HI$RALIT : KL &WD NDMH HIH 
$I$ LW MWNWPWL &L HTBI&H LGR$ AT H&RBIM , LA HIH HR&IWN RAWI LHTIIXSWT 
RCINIT IWTR MKL DBR AXR $AN$IM RW$MIM &L CDN HPNIMI $L HDLTWT BBTI $IMW$ 
CIBWRIIM . B$NIM HAXRWNWT AIBD KHNA AT HMWNWPWL HZH , WHKHNIZM HPK NW$A 
LGI@IMI LWWIKWX : I$ HTWMKIM BGIRW$ H&RBIM , I$ H$WLLIM AT HDBR , HKL 
BMSGRT XILWPI HD&WT BIN BNI TRBWT . KZHW HKHNIZM $L RXB&M ZABI : HWA 
NRAH " NQI " IWTR MZH $L KHNA , " I$RALI " IWTR , XILWNI , MRKIBIW 
HPWRNWGRPIIM MWCN&IM IWTR . KHNA HMT XIIB AWLI LZABI AT H&WBDH $HKNST 
QMH LZKRW , WHMM$LH $IGRH $R LIICGH BHLWWIITW , KMW HIH AXD M$LNW . 
HAM ZABI XIIB AT MW$BW BKNST LKHNA ? AWLI LA . HKHNIZM $L ZABI NWLD 
MHMCB , KMWHW KAWTH M$NH XD$H HMTGB$T K&T B$WLIIM HIMNIIM $L H$MAL : 
HSPR@IZM . HXIDW$ HWA BKK $HPRIDH HMIWXLT M&RBII H$@XIM AINH MWTNIT 
&WD BWWITWR BW - BZMN &L H$@XIM &CMM . HM@RH HMIIDIT HIA LHIP@R MH&RBIM , 
APILW BMXIR KLIATM BTWK G@W &NQI . K$IHPWK MCBM LBLTI NSBL AP$R IHIH 
LHCIG AT GIRW$M LIRDN KMXWWH HWMNI@RIT . AINNI IWD& AM KHNA HSPIQ LH&RIK 
AL NKWN AT HHTPTXWT HR&IWNIT HZAT . KK AW KK , GM MMQWM MW$BW HNWKXI , 
B$MIM AW B$AWL , HWA IKWL &K$IW LWMR &L IWSI $RID KMW MIRWN BNBNI$TI 
LPNIW AMRTI LKM . 

*

BAXT MSM@AWT H&IR QRQWB , PWLIN , LA 
HRXQ MHMQWM $&BR BW , BMLXMT H&WLM H$NIIH , QW HGBWL $L HG@W HIHWDI , 
MTGWRR I$I$ NXMD $HXIIM LIMDWHW LCPWT TMID LGRW& BIWTR . LKN HWA MNIX 
$&WD M&@ THIH MLXMH BMZRX HTIKWN , WAINW MAMIN GM BMHPK H&WBR K&T &L 
PWLIN $LW . LA NWTR LW ZMN RB B&WLMNW ZH , AMR LMRGLIT QDM WLI , K$BIQRNW 
AWTW BAXRWNH BDIRTW . ZH HIH &CWB : B&CM I$ LW SIBH LHAMIN BXIIM WBADM 
WB@WB , AMRNW LW , ABL TDIAW$ PNQIIBIC HGIB BTNW&H $L BI@WL : MITWS , 
AMR , HKL MITWS . LA MZMN MLAW LW 38 . &WDW MWKR AI$IT LKMH I$RALIM : 
HM XIIBIM LW AT XIIHM . RBIM IWTR , BI$RAL , BPWLIN WBARCWT HBRIT , 
MKIRIM SPR $WBH LB $KTB W$MW " BIT MRQXT BG@W QRQWB " ( BHWCAT " ID 
W$M " ) . BIT HMRQXT HPK BINTIIM LMWZIAWN ; PNQIIBIC HIH HRWQX . BTXILT 
HKIBW$ HNACI HWA NML@ LMZRX , AWLM BTWK XWD$IIM - $LW$H XZR . K$NH WXCI 
LAXR MKN HWKRXW HIHWDIM $NWTRW B&IR LHTRKZ BG@W . HPWLNIM $I$BW $M NC@WW 
LPNWT AT DIRWTIHM WAT BTI - H&SQ $LHM . RQ PNQIIBIC HWR$H LHI$AR : H$L@WNWT 
SBRW $AIN LHTIR LIHWDIM LNHL BIT MRQXT , BIN HITR MX$$ $I$TM$W BXWMRIM 
HR&ILIM LCWRKI XBLH . B$LB MSWIM N$AR PNQIIBIC HPWLNI HLA - IHWDI HIXID 
BG@W . BIT HMRQXT $LW HPK LK&IN MRKZ QHILTI : AN$IM HIW BAIM , BKL 
$&WT HIWM WHLILH ; LA AXT LNW BBIT HMRQXT , MX$$ $II&CRW BBTIHM WIGWR$W 
LMXNH HRIKWZ HSMWK , PLA$WB . PNQIIBIC SIPQ LHM WWDQH WMK$IR RDIW $IKLW 
L$MW& BW AT XD$WT HBI - BI - SI . RBIM H$AIRW ACLW HWD&WT LQRWBIHM WLMKRIHM . 
G@W QRQWB LA HIH SGWR HRM@IT : HIW $QIBLW R$IWNWT LCAT L&BWDH MXWC LTXWMIW . 
PNQIIBIC HCLIX LSDR LAXDIM MHM NIIRWT $AIP$RW LHM LHI$AR MXWC LG@W . 
LCD MH $&$H L@WBTM $L TW$BI HG@W &CMM , &$H M$HW GM L@WBT HHIS@WRIH : 
HWA HRBH L&MWD MAXWRI XLWN BIT HMRQXT $LW , &QB AXRI $GRT HXIIM BG@W , 
LRBWT HM&CRIM HHMWNIIM WHGIRW$IM , WKL MH $RAH R$M BZIKRWNW . LBD MHGRMNIM 
&CMM HWA AXD M&DI HRAIIH HLA - IHWDIM HM&@IM $$RDW . MDINT I$RAL H&NIQH 
LW AT HTWAR " XSID AWMWT H&WLM " , WHWA BA LN@W& &C XRWB B$DRH $BATR 
" ID W$M " BIRW$LIM . LCD MH $KTB &L $GRT HXIIM WHMWWT BG@W , $IXZR 
PNQIIBIC BSPRW M&RKT IXSIM MWZRH $L XTWL W&KBR $NRQMH BINW LBIN HGRMNIM . 
AXD MHM AILC AWTW P&M L$TP P&WLH BM&$H QWNDS : HWA GRR AWTW MBIT HMRQXT 
K$HWA KBWL BAZIQIM , WAXR KK IRH IRIIH AXT MTWK AQDWXW ; K$HKL X$BW 
$HWA MT , $ILX AWTW BXZRH AL BIT HMRQXT WCXQ LW CXWQ GDWL . LMH , B&CM , 
N$AR $M BBIT HMRQXT , BG@W HIHWDI , $ALNW AWTW , WPNQIIBIC HBI@ BNW 
BTIMHWN . MH ZAT AWMRT LMH , XZR &L H$ALH , HLA ZH BIT HMRQXT $ISD 
ABIW , BRA$IT HMAH . HWA &BR THPWKWT RBWT : HITH MLXMT H&WLM HRA$WNH , 
PWLIN &BRH MID LID , HKL NGSW MMNH NTXIM L&CMM , WBAW IMI PILSWDSQI , 
WBAW HNACIM WRCXW AT HIHWDIM &D $HWBSW , WAZ XZRW HRWSIM WH$LI@W AT 
HQWMWNIZM , WTDIAW$ PNQIIBIC LMD PRQ X$WB BHIS@WRIH : M$@RIM QMIM WNWPLIM , 
$LI@IM BAIM WMSTLQIM , ABL TRWPWT NGD $I&WL W$L$WL CRIK TMID . BIT 
HMRQXT $LW , AI Q@N $L ICIBWT W$PIWT BTWK GLI H@IRWP $$@PW AT QRQWB BMHLK 
HMAH , NSGR RQ B$NWT H$$IM , K$HWA , PNQIIBIC HXLI@ LSGWR AWTW . $ALNW 
AWTW &L HIHWDIM : HAM IKLW L&$WT IWTR M$&$W LM&N &CMM ? PNQIIBIC AMR 
$KL HIHWDIM $HWA MKIR TMID $WALIM AWTW AT H$ALH HZAT . WHT$WBH HIA P$W@H 
KL KK : HM LA IKLW L&$WT DBR . MH ZH HIH &WZR AILW NISW LHTNGD LGIRW$M ? 
HIW IWRIM BHM BMQWM . HWA RAH DBRIM KALH , K$NICB BBIT HMRQXT $LW , 
MAXWRI HWWILWN . $ALNW &L HPWLNIM : HAM IKLW L&$WT IWTR M$&$W LM&N 
HIHWDIM ? PNQIIBIC AMR $HIW HRBH PNQIIBICIM . AXD MKL ARB&H MXSIDI AWMWT 
H&WLM AKN HIH PWLNI , BSK HKL IWTR MALPIIM . I$ LHM BWWR$H ARGWN M$LHM , 
W&L PI X$BWNW MSPR HIHWDIM $NICLW BIDI PWLNIM MGI& LK52 ALP , WMSPR 
HPWLNIM $HIW M&WRBIM BKK , LPXWT BIDI&H W$TIQH , MGI& LK051 ALP . WBKL 
ZAT , $ALNW AT PNQIIBIC , MH &$H AT HHBDL BIN MI $HCILW IHWDIM LBIN 
MI $IKLW LHCILM WLA &$W ZAT ? PNQIIBIC AMR $ZH $WNH MMQRH LMQRH . ABL 
AWLI ZH TLWI BXINWK , AWLI BMBNH HNP$I , AWLI BAMWNH . M&L LMI@TW TLWI 
TCLWM Q@N $L HAPIPIWR . HWA LA &WDD AWTNW LHTPLSP &L KK . H$ALH LMH 
LA HIW IWTR PNQIIBICIM MBIKH AWTW , HTR$MNW , WAWLI P$W@ NMASH &LIW , 
AXRI $NIM KH RBWT . HWA LGM BXMDH MHLIQR HCRPTI $HBANW LW ; AI$TW HGI$H 
QPH . MH HWA IWD& LMH HAXD NHG KK WH$NI AXRT . BRWR $KWLM IKLW L&$WT 
IWTR . GM HWA HIH CRIK &$WT IWTR . BKL IWM HWA MIISR AT &CMW &L $LA 
&$H IWTR , AMR LNW W$Q& B$TIQH &MWQH . HWA MTGWRR BBIT DIRWT I$N HNICB 
BCLH $L KNSIIH CIWRIT WLH MGDL MXWDD $BRA$W $&WN . &D $NPRDNW HXL LRDT 
G$M STIW DQIQ WDWQRNI . HIH $Q@ MWXL@ BSM@H , WKM&@ XW$K . RQ $&WN 
HKNSIIH HPIC AWR CHBHB . TDIAW$ PNQIIBIC AMR $MN HSTM LA NTRAH &WD , 
WMSR DRI$T $LWM LKL MI $&WD ZWKR AWTW AWLI . I$ H$WLXIM LW BRKWT LXG 
HMWLD ; ZH M$MX AWTW MAWD , AMR . TWMS @RIWQ MXP$ AI$H I$RALIT W$MH 
BLWMH . HWA MLWNAI PWLNI WMDRIK TIIRIM , BSWP $NWT HARB&IM LXIIW . 
BLWMH HITH ILDH IHWDIIH , ITWMH , NICWLT H$WAH . AMA $LW , $HITH MNHLT 
BIT SPR BWWR$H , AIMCH AWTH AXRI HMLXMH . KKL $HWA ZWKR LA NWCR BINIHM 
Q$R MIWXD ; BAWTH TQWPH LA HT&NIIN BILDWT . ABL BLWMH N$ARH BBITM $NIM 
AXDWT WAHBH MAWD AT AMA $LW . LIMIM &ZBH AT PWLIN W&LTH LI$RAL . HWA 
IWD& $HTII$BH B&KW WHTXTNH &M MLX . LP&MIM HITH KWTBT LAMA $LW , ABL 
KBR &$RIM $NH XDLH LKTWB . AWLI X$BH , AXRI MLXMT $$T HIMIM , $MKTBIM 
MI$RAL &LWLIM LHZIQ . &K$IW ZH H$TNH . AMA $LW &WD XIH . LP&MIM HIA 
$WALT AT &CMH MH $LWM BLWMH $LH . BNH X$B $AWLI BAMC&WT H&ITWN AP$R IHIH 
LATR AWTH . $GB H&LH NQWDWT RBWT $I$ BHN MN HAMT , 
WITRH MZAT HN M&WRRWT MX$BH LGBI AINDWQ@RINCIH PWLI@IT M@&M M$RD HXINWK 
$AIN MQWMH BMS& " IZKWR " . MILIWNI HIHWDIM $AT QBRWTIHM BANW LPQWD LA 
HCBI&W &BWR MPLGH ZW AW AXRT . AK HTZH HPWLI@IT $AWTH BA $GB LAMT HIA 
$HKTIBH AT R$MIW . BMQWM $AIRW&IM AW M&$IM LA HTAIMW LTZH HWA MSPR 
AMT XLQIT . AINNI IKWLH $LA LHTR$M MKK $HWA MT&LM MKMH NQWDWT MPTX DWWQA 
BMS&M $L TLMIDI HTIKWN HMSWRTI $AWTM HWA MRBH LC@@ . H@QS $&RKW TLMIDIM 
ALH B@RBLINQH AWTM TLMIDIM $NIHLW WIKWX BNW$A H@QSIM HMRWBIM HIH AXR , 
WHDGLIM N$ARW MIWTMIM BCD . $GB HQPID $LA LHTIIXS L$WNI BKTBTW . AINI 
IKWLH $LA LHTRIS BPNIW &L M$P@ AXD BQ@& HPTIXH $L HKTBH : " HMS& KRK 
PWLXN $KWLW RG$WT WSMLIM ( ... ) WSGIDH BIZARIT L&TIM LZIKRWN , 
LMWWT WLQI@$ " . MHW HQI@$ BZIKRWN WBMWWT ? HAM HZMN QWB& MWR@WRIWM 
L"IZKWR " ? MTI @QSI IWM HZIKRWN LXLLI CH"L HN&RKIM BBTI HSPR BRXBI HARC 
IIHPKW XLQ MSGIDH BIZARIT ZW ? MWRH AXT BBIT HSPR , A$R MXZIQH BD&H DWMH 
L$L MR $GB , &NTH L$ALTI ZW : ZIKRWN XLLI CH"L $WNH , ZH XLQ MHXIIM 
$LNW BHWWH . WAM WKA$R NZKH B$LWM HMIWXL , IMNI AW $MALNI , WHILDIM 
$L HIWM IHIW HZQNIM $L MXR , HAM H@QSIM MRWBI H$IRIM H&CWBIM WQ@&I HQRIAH 
WHWRDT HDGL LXCI HTWRN WQDI$ W&WD KHNH WKHNH SMLIM IHIW BGDR SGIDH BIZARIT ? 
TWM , LIWWIT AWTNW XWD$IM ARWKIM W$BW& AXD QCR . XBL $AXT HMSQNWT 
MHHIKRWT ATNW HITH $I$ BMWWT QI@$ . R$MT BPNQSK HQ@N KL MLH $NAMRH , 
KL $IR $HW$R , KL BDIXH $SWPRH . XBL $BKTBTK HTIIXST LMH $HTAIM LD&H 
HMGWB$T $HITH LK LPNI $PTXNW BPNIK AT SGWR LBNW . BWWIKWX $QDM 
LNSI&H HIITI B&D H@QSIM WB&D HNPT HDGL WHRG$TI KMW AXRIM , $ANI HWLK 
LIICG AT $$T HMILIWNIM . &K$IW BRWR LI $RWB H@QSIM LA NG&W LI . H@QS 
HIXID $NG& LI HIH B@RBLINQH , WZH HIH @QS AI$I MAWD , RQ $LNW , TLMIDI 
BIT HSPR HMSWRTI : HDGLIM HIW MWNXIM BCD . XLQ MATNW HTPLL B@RBLINQH . 
ZW HITH HTPILH HQ$H BIWTR BXII . AINNI MBIN MH HB&IH HGDWLH B"PWLXN " . 
LPI D&TI ZH LA PWLXN . AN$IM &WBRIM XWWIH Q$H , WHM LP&MIM NZQQIM LM$HW 
$IB@A AT RG$WTIHM WLM$HW $IXZQ AWTM . MH R& BZH ? HRG$TI $MX $I$ LNW 
MDINH WMQWM LXIWT BW : KN , " IHIH MH $IHIH " ANI N$AR KAN . ABL 
LA XZRTI MHNSI&H HZW " IWTR CIWNI " : RQ HID& $LI WHQRBH $LI L&BR HIHWDI 
$LI HTXZQW . ANI GM MSKIM BHXL@ $LCD H&NIIN HLAWMI CRIK L$IM DG$ XZQ 
IWTR &L HLQX HHWMNIS@I : DIKWI HGZ&NWT , BICWR HDMWQR@IH WKW . ANXNW 
&M A$R MAZ WMTMID SBL MGZ&NWT WM$NAH . ANW XIIBIM LDKA RG$WT KALH WLHILXM 
BKL SWG $L GZ&NWT WPGI&H BZKWIWT HADM . &K$IW , LAXR QRIAT HMAMR , 
ANI $M LB $RQ DWID $RID , AXD M$LW$T AN$I H&DT $HIW ATNW , DIBR GM &L 
BNI &MIM AXRIM $NRCXW BIDI HNACIM . ANI MSKIM LGMRI $I$ CWRK L$LB BNSI&H 
HZW HIKRWT &M PWLIN $L HIWM . CRIK LHDGI$ AT ZH HRBH IWTR . ANXNW @W&NIM 
TMID $MNDIM AWTNW : AIK NWKL LHIWT XLQ MH&WLM AM NSTGR BTWK &CMNW , 
WLA N$IM LB LMH $QWRH MSBIB . HXBRH $LNW CRIKH LHIWT PTWXH IWTR . ANI 
RWCH LHWDWT LK &L MH $KTBT : LIMDT AWTI AIK LX$WB BCWRH BIQWRTIT IWTR . 
ANI MGDIR AT &CMI KIHWDI QWNSRWW@IWWI , WLPNI $NS&TI LPWLIN X$TI 
$NAH &ZH KLPI IHWDIM XRDIM . KMW XILWNIM RBIM RAITI BHM @PILIM , M$WM 
$RWBM AINM M$RTIM BCH " L WNCIGIHM BKNST $WAPIM LKPWT &L HMDINH XWQI HLKH . 
NWSP &L KK HTR&MTI &L HKSPIM HRBIM HMIWXDIM LHM , LA P&M BNIGWD LXWQ . 
K$RAITI BPWLIN AT HZWW&WT $&BRW &L &MNW HIH LI Q$H LXW$ $NAH KLPI AWTM 
" @PILIM , AN@I - CIWNIIM " . PTAWM X$BTI &L M$PXTH $L SBTI $KWLM HIW 
XSIDIM . NKWN $KA$R BAW LQRATNW $LW$H XSIDIM , BQRQWB , " SINNTI GIDWP " 
MBIN $INI , KPI $NAMR BKTBH . ABL K$X$BTI &L ZH AXR KK , HG&TI LMSQNH 
$ZW HITH RQ AMIRH $GRTIT $LA BI@AH $NAH AW MX$BH . AXD M$LW$T HXSIDIM 
HALH HIH HRB DWID GRWSMN . LMXRT AMR LI HRB $LMRWT KL H$NAH H$WRRT BININW , 
KLWMR BIN HXRDIM LIHWDIM HMWDRNIIM , ANW CRIKIM LZKWR $&MNW $WTP LAWTW 
GWRL : GM ABWTIW WGM ABWTI , XLQM HGDWL NSPW B$WAH . HRG$TI M&IN HZDHWT 
ATW . B$KWNTI I$ I$IBH W&WBRIM BH XRDIM . Q$H LI LHBIN AWTM WCR LI MAWD 
&L KK $AINM M$RTIM BCBA , AK AINNI MSWGL L$NWA AWTM . ANW CRIKIM LZKWR 
AT A$R &BR &L &MNW WLHSIQ MKK MSQNWT LHIWM . IXD &M ZAT AL LNW LHT&LM 
MN HMCIAWT HKWABT $L H$XITWT HRBH HQIIMT BMGZR HXRDI . LPNI HNSI&H 
DIBRTI &L ARB&H &MWDI ISWD $&LIHM CRIKH LHIBNWT AI$IWTW $L HN&R HIHWDI 
( KZKWR , QRATI MHKTB ) : MSWRT I$RAL , ARC I$RAL , WH&M HIHWDI 
&L HLIBRLIZM WHHWMNIZM $BW ; ABL AT $LW$ HMLIM HAXRWNWT H$M@T MMAMRK 
KDI $LA IPGMW BMGMTW . LXIZWQ DBRI , KTBT $LA AXT DIBRTI &L RCX HCW&NIM 
$HIITI &D LW BBIRQNAW ; ALA $QCRH IRI&TK MLHDGI$ KI HSBRTI $&LINW LZKWR 
AT KL ALH $SBLW , K$M $ANW MCPIM MHM LA LHT&LM MH$WAH $PQDH AWTNW . LA 
HZKRTI PWLNIM W&MIM AXRIM , KI BMWCHR WBMWDG$ , ID&TI KI &LI LDBR K"AI$ 
&DWT " WKKHN ( KHGDRTK ) HM$RT BQWD$ , WLA KHIS@WRIWN ( LMRWT HIWTI 
MWSMK HAWNIBRSI@H BTWLDWT I$RAL ) . " BIRQNAW $LI " KPI $XWWITI WHRG$TI , 
WKPI $HW@B&H BII$WTI $WNH APILW MZW $XWWH AWTH ADM AXR $$HH BMXNH BW 
BZMN ; AT ZH RCIWNLIS@ MWBHQ LA IBIN , KNRAH . LW HM$KT BMQCT AT CI@W@ 
DBRII ( " DWID $RID AMR LTLMIDIM $AIN NQMH " ) , AP$R HIH LD&T $$INNTI 
WXZRTI , $AIN LMLA LBWTNW $NAH KI LA II$AR BW MQWM LAHBH . NHGT KMW LIBRLIM 
RCIWNLIS@IM " MSWIMIM : K$AIN D&T HZWLT KD&TM HM PWG&IM BGSWT BRG$WT . 
ATH KWTB : " BMQWM $HIH HRCIP SIPR LHM &L MIWN HASIRIM , MI LMWWT MIIDI 
WMI L&BWDH . $RID NBXR LXIIM " . LA MINH WLA MQCTH ! HRI $M SIPRTI &L 
HHG&H BQRWNWT HXNQ , &L HMTIM $@WA@AW MHQRWNWT , &L " QWMNDW QNDH " , 
&L AN$I HS"S WKLBIHM HAMTNIIM , &L ALWMWT HAWR MNQRWT H&INIIM $$LXW 
HZRQWRIM , &L BKI ILDIM $NQR&W MZRW&WT AMWTIHM , WL&TIM N$ARW HAMHWT 
HC&IRWT BXIIM , WATH MWTIR RQ MLIM BWDDWT &L H"SLQCIH " . MH GDWLIM HIW 
HHLM WHZWW&H K$QRATI AT HMLIM HQCRWT $LK : " HWA NBXR LXIIM " AIZW 
AIRWNIH ! ATH AINK IWD& &L MH ATH MDBR ! AKN , HDGMTI LAWRK KXMI$H &D 
$MWNH M@RIM AT A$R AIR& LNW AZ . LID H$&R &CRTI WHDG$TI , " HNH ANXNW 
MAXWRI HGDRWT " . AZ XIP$NW PRCH BGDRWT , &L MNT LQCR AT HDRK LMXNH HCW&NIM . 
BGLL HQWR H&Z $$RR , RCNW M&@ , WHDG$TI $AKN TMID " HLKNW " BRICH . 
GM HP&M , KDRKI , NISITI LHKNIS BDBRII M&@ QLILWT , WXLILH MLIIXS LI 
" MLWT DRBWN " $L AZ . HG&NW , RAINW , ZKRNW WN&CBNW ; ZKRNW B&CB 
WRCNW B$MXT XIIM AL HAW@WBWSIM . AGB , H$@X RIQ RQ B$BIL MI $N$MTW RIQH 
WXW$IW KHW WQHW . LMI $X$ , MBIN WIWD& H$@X MLA , MLA ! " BI@WII MPTX 
NAMRIM BIIDI$ " , ATH KWTB : " RMPH " , " AQCIH " , " SLQCIH " , WAWSIP 
&WD " AWM$LAGPLAC " , " APL " W&WD . RWBN MLIM GRMNIWT ( $LB$W , 
BXLQN CLIL IIDI$AI ) . HGRMNIT HITH $PT HMWWT , WI$NM QWNW@CIWT WM@&NIM 
RG$IIM BMLIM ALW . KDI LHBINN NXWC RG$ ; MAMRK AINW MC@IIN BZH . ATH 
KWTB $BBIT HKNST QRATI LTLMIDIM M&IN PWAMH $NW$AH H&IQRI " BIRQNAW $LI " . 
NW , WMH ? KICD ZH H$PI& &L HNW&R ? HMW@W HNCXI $LI HWA " LZKWR B&CB 
WLXIWT B$MXH " . LAWRK KL HDRK HQPDTI LA LDKA AT HRWX , LLA PATWS MIWTR , 
ABL LHR@I@ AT HNP$ ZH HIH TPQIDI , WANI HZDHITI &MW , WZH TWKN SIPWRI . 
CIINT $AI$TI NIGNH BXLIL . LW BMAMRK HITH PTIXWT WRGI$WT , HIIT $M LB 
$A$TI NIGNH $NI $IRI $WAH &L MNT LH$TLB BAWWIRH $$RRH BAWTW M&MD , WLAXR 
MKN NIGNH $IR &L IRW$LIM ( I$ LNW AIZH Q$R ? ) , WSIIMH B$IRIM &LIZIM 
IWTR &L HKINRT . HAM CRIK KW$R AIN@LQ@WALI &ILAI L$M ZIHWI HMGMH , $HIA 
LHWCIA AT HTLMIDIM M&CBWT HZIKRWN L$MXT HXIIM BARC I$RAL . 

* 

ANI M&RIK $QIIMWT $TI AP$RWIWT : HAP$RWT HAXT , $LH ANI MIIXS AT MIRB 
HSIKWIIM , HIA $BAWTH MIDH $HRB KHNA RISN AXDIM MHXBRIM HNMRCIM IWTR 
BTNW&TW , &K$IW IXSR HRISWN , W&$WIIM LHI&$WT M&$IM $B&QBWTIHM II&CRW 
AN$IM WAWLI GM IIASRW . HTWCAH THIH $XLQ MHGR&IN HQ$H $L HP&ILIM HMRKZIM 
&$WI LHIWT MWPRD MHTNW&H BKWRX HNSIBWT , DBR $ITRWM LTHLIK $L HHTPWRRWT . 
NRAH LI SBIR $&K$IW IXSR HDBQ $HXZIQ AT KL HGWRMIM BIXD , WAN$IM ILKW 
KL AXD LDRKW . LPNI $$ $NIM $I&RTI $ITPTX MCB , $BW KL &M I$RAL IXZIQ 
BD&WT KHNIS@IWT , ABL HTNW&H KTNW&H TXDL LHTQIIM . I$ LI HRG$H $HIWM 
ANXNW LA RXWQIM MHMCB HZH . LA , ABL IIWWCR MCB $DWMH LMWLQWLWT BGZ : 
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BKHNA , $HWA MWQCH MXMT MIAWS , WBKL ZAT HGI& HMSR HAI$I HZH M$MIR , 
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LA NWLD &M KHNA WLA MT ATW . ZH HR&IWN HIHWDI HGDWL MAZ NITNH TWRH BSINI . 
HWA IM$IK LHTGLGL , LAW DWWQA BAWTN H$I@WT . KL AI$ W$I@WTIW . 

* 

MAIR KHNA HIH LLA SPQ AXD HI$RALIM HMPWRSMIM BIWTR BCIBWR H&RBI . R&IWNWTIW , 
M&$IW WSISMAWTIW ZKW LTHWDH &CWMH BIN &RBII H$@XIM WI$RAL , WH&ITWNWT 
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HDMIM BHR - HBIT . ARCWT HBRIT , HZQWQH LQWALICIH H&RBIT NGD &IRAQ , 
AINH IKWLH LHR$WT $&RBIM TXT $L@WN I$RAL IIPG&W &TH . LA MDINIWT &NI$H 
XRIPH , LA GIRW$ MNHIGIM , WLA HTPRCWIWT NQM . HAMRIQAIM LA ITNW ZAT , 
WHMSR $HIH B&MDT WA$ING@WN BMW&CT HBI@XWN WBPR$T HM$LXT L$@XIM HIH BRWR 
MAWD . AM MI$HW X$B LPNI $LW$H $BW&WT $AI$IM KMW XWSIINI IGWR$W MKAN , 
HNH &TH MWKRXH I$RAL L&$WT HKL KDI $&RBIM LA IIPG&W . 

* 

HDWLR $L PRS NWBL L$LWM , $HWA AWLI HPRS HB&IITI MKL HPRSIM $HWRH MMCIA 
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" WAM HIW BWXRIM BM$HW AXR ZH HIH IWTR @WB ? " , &WNH IDIDI HSPQN , 
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MXZWT $QSPIR AWLI XIBR AWTM MI$HW AXR $$MW HIH KZH . KK AW AXRT , XBWRT 
H$WWDIM WDAI LA HITH M&NIQH AT HPRS L$QSPIR WAWLI DWWQA KN ? HRI KKLWT 
HKL HML@ HIH SQNDINWWI . 

* 

RS BBIT QPH PINTI BRXWB ALNBI , LA HRXQ MHSPRIIH HPWLNIT . BPTX HSPRIIH 
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HPWLNIM H$WHIM KIWM BI$RAL . BIWM XWP$TM H$BW&I HM MGI&IM LSPRIIH HPWLNIT 
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AT DWPQ HXIIM $L I$RAL , WBMIWXD AT TL - ABIB $L RA$IT $NWT H$$IM . 
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L&TIM I$ BSIPWR DWQ $L AIRWNIH . HMSPR , NRDP &L - IDI ZIKRWNWT MRIM 
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HIWQRH WHH&RCH LGIBWR HTRBWT HXD$ $L PWLIN HM$IKW LZRWM , ABL MTXT LPNI 
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BW . H&ITWNWT HR$MIT M@&M KINTH AWTW " AIWM NIHILIS@I " , WGINTH AWTW 
&L " H&DR AIDIAWLWGIH WQWLQ@IWWIWT " . AK IWTR MKL PG& BW SIRWBM $L H$L@WNWT 
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&DN " , &L AP H&WBDH $AXD MHM &BD KBR QWDM LKN LSR@ . BRWB IIAW$W WTSKWLW 
MSR XLASQW AT $NI HSIPWRIM LKTB - H&T RB HH$P&H " QWL@WRH " , BI@AWN 
BLTI R$MI $L HPZWRH HAN@I - QWMWNIS@IT BPRIS . B&INI H$L@WNWT HIH PRSWM 
BXWC LARC , W&WD BKTB H&T H$NWA , P$& XSR TQNH . HM SIRBW LHARIK AT 
A$RT H$HIIH $LW , WDR$W $I$WB MID . XLASQW ID& $AM I$WB , HWA INWDH 
WIMN&W MMNW LPRSM WLICWR . &L AP $KTB KI " KL MH $LA BA MPWLIN AW AINW 
Q$WR ALIH AINW M&NIIN AWTI " , HXLI@ LHI$AR BM&RB &D I&BWR Z&M . ABL 
HZ&M LA XLP , WHWA MCA &CMW NWDD MCRPT LAI@LIH , L$WWIC , LM&RB GRMNIH , 
WLBSWP , B$LHI 8591 LI$RAL . MDW& HXLI@ LHGR DWWQA LKAN ? HGIRSAWT 
BIXS LKK $WNWT . HAXT @W&NT KI HWA HWZMN &L - IDI IDIDW IANQ RISQI , 
SWPR AIN@LQ@WAL WADRIKL PWLNI $HTGWRR BARC . &WMRI , B&L MS&DT " HSPRIIH " 
BTL - ABIB WAZ N&R BQIBWC NCR - SIRNI , AWMR L&WMT ZAT KI " MARQ HGI& 
LARC BGLL $BQIBWC XIH ZWLH CBINSQH , HAMA HRWXNIT $LW MWWR$H " . HSBR 
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MMWCA PWLNI PILIP BN SIDR LW KR@IS @ISH , WHWB@X LMARQ $IKTWB L&ITWN , 
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&ZBW B$NIM 87591 AT PWLIN LAXR GL AN@I$MI , WHQIMW KAN QHILT MHGRIM TWSST 
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HGLWT $KPH MARQ XLASQW &L &CMW LA HI@IBH &M XIIW . HWA MCA &CMW NSWG 
&$WR LAXWR , WNALC L$WB WLHTPRNS MMLAKWT MZDMNWT . HWA &BD BI$RAL BZHWT 
$AWLH $L XBRW IWRQ PRS BMP&L $L AMQWR BHRCLIH PITWX , K&WZR LMWDD QRQ&WT 
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AK BNIGWD LHB@XTW LA HWPI& LHCGT HBKWRH . KMNHGW H&DIP LBLWT BBAR WL$TWT 
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WGM AXR - KK , K$&BR LGWR BMLWN " HS " WBMLWN " WIQ@WRI " BALNBI , 
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PWZWT . HWA RCH LHRAWT $HWA GBRI . $HWA MACW . HWA AHB M&RBWNIM WKK 
GM HTIIXS LXIIM . RQ AXRI $RAITI AT HSR@ &NQ &M GIIMS DIN HBNTI MAIPH 
MARQ LQX AT HMANIIRWT WAT HMIMIQH $LW . HWA NISH LXQWT AT GIIMS DIN . 
HWA HIH GBWH , IPH , MLA XN WN$IM RCW , H$TG&W AXRIW . WMARQ AHB 
LHIWT PWPWLRI WNX$Q " . AXT MAWTN N$IM BXIIW LM&$H HA$H $BXIIW HITH ASTR 
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BINIHM HPK LSIPWR AHBH BHM$KIM BM$K &$R $NIM . K$&ZB MARQ AT I$RAL , 
&ZBH ASTR AT HM$Q WHC@RPH KDIILT L"AL - &L " KDI $TWKL LRAWTW GM BXW"L . 
GM AL I$RAL NQ$R B&BWTWT $L AHBH . HWA TIAR AWTH BXIBH , AK GM BSRQZM 
WBAIRWNIH , KARC $L PLI@I $WAH , QAWBWIIM $ICAW MSR@I HM&RB HPRW& WXLWCIM 
AIDIALIS@IM . KM&@ KL MI $NTQL BW HPK MARQ LDMWT BSIPWRIW : HN$IM $BXIIW , 
IDIDW IWRQ PRS WA$TW , PQID HQBLH BMLWN " WIQ@WRI " , NHGI MWNIWT , 
RW&I ZWNWT , TIIRWT AMRIQAIWT W$W@RIM . &L AP HH$RAH $$AB WSPG MXIIW 
BTL - ABIB , HIW XIIW BSWPW $L DBR Q$I - IWM . HR&B WHTSKWL HSPRWTI 
KI$LWN HQ$R &M " M&RIB " WH&WBDH $RQ $NI SIPWRIM $LW TWRGMW L&BRIT 
( " HIWM H$MINI B$BW& " WSIPWR BHM$KIM B"H&WLM HZH " ) HKRI&W AWTW . 
BRG& $L XWL$H , K&DWTW $LW , " BGDTI B&CMI " . HWA N&NH LHPCRWTIH 
$L SWNIH ZIMAN , WB1691 &ZB AT I$RAL . AT SWNIH , $XQNIT GRMNIH , HKIR 
&WD BPWLIN B6591 K$HWPI&H BTPQID HRA$I BSR@ &L PI SPRW " HIWM H$MINI 
$L H$BW& " . " ZW HITH AHBH MMB@ RA$WN " , NZKR IWRQ PRS . " BIWM HRA$WN 
LHSR@H HWCG MARQ BPNI SWNIH . MARQ , $LA DIBR GRMNIT , AMR LMTWRGMN : 
TGID LH $ANI RWCH LLKT AITH LMI@H . HMTWRGMN NBWK WSIRB . MARQ AXZ 
BIDH WLQX AWTH LXDR BBIT HMLWN " . AXR KK NPRDW DRKIHM , AK HQ$R BINIHM 
N$MR . K$NWD& LSWNIH ZIMAN &L MCBW HM$PIL $L AHWBH HIA NXTH BI$RAL , 
HWPI&H BMLWN " WIQ@WRI " , WKMW BSIPWR AGDWT LQXH AWTW &MH . MARQ , 
$$NA GRMNIM , HCIB TNAI : HM LA ITGWRRW BGRMNIH . HXTWNH HITH BKNSIIH 
BLWNDWN , WAT BITM , MKSPH $L SWNIH , HM QB&W BSN MWRIC B$WWIC . ABL 
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$L MN&MI HXIIM WAT $NATW LGRMNIH , PRQ &L R&IITW . HIH ZH AK @B&I WMWBN 
LXBRIW $HNI$WAIN LA IXZIQW M&MD . H$NIIM NPRDW , W&D HIWM MTQ$H IWRQ 
PRS LZKWR AM HPRIDH NSTIIMH GM BGIRW$IM PWRMLIIM . LASQW HM$IK 
LXP$ AT &CMW WLNDWD . LBSWP , &L PI HZMNTW $L IDIDW MPWLIN , H$XQN 
WHBIMAI RWMN PWLNSQI , &BR LARCWT - HBRIT WH$TQ& BLWS ANGLS . LXLASQW 
HIW CIPIWT GDWLWT $IWKL LH$TLB BHWLIWWD KKWTB TSRI@IM . AK $WB @PXH HMCIAWT 
&L PNIW . MPIQ SR@IM GDWL $XLASQW NIHL PR$T AHBIM &M A$TW HCIB LPWLNSQI 
AWL@IM@WM : ANI WHKSP AW XBRK . PWLNSQI BXR BKSP , WGM IDIDWT ZW HGI&H 
LSIWMH . LAXRWNH , BZIKRWNWTIW , " RWMN MAT PWLNSQI " , M$MIC HBMAI - 
$XQN AT IDIDW MNW&R . GM HXLWM HAMRIQAI WXLASQW AHB AT AMRIQH , HTLHB 
MMNH WNHNH MH"GRIN QARD " $LW HLK WHTNPC . MCBW HNP$I WHPISI HLK WHIDRDR . 
LPRNSTW NALC L&BWD BBTI XRW$T , WMP&M LP&M QIBL TRWMWT MSWPR AXR MMWCA 
PWLNI $"&$H ZAT " BAMRIQH , IZI QW$INSQI . KL AWTH &T HWA QIWWH WHAMIN 
$IHIH LW " QAM - BAQ " , $IWKL L$WB LI$RAL . HWA AP RQM XLWMWT &L NI$WAIN 
LASTR W&L ILD M$WTP &MH . LIDIDIW HM&@IM BLWS ANGLS $LA ZNXW AWTW SIPR 
KI I$ LW KBR ILD MMNH , WHM ASPW 03 ALP DWLR W$LXW $LIX LARC KDI LHPQID 
AT HKSP BX$BWN BNQ LM&N &TIDW WXINWKW $L HILD . " AIPH HILD " , $AL 
H$LIX , SWPR PWLNI $HGI& MARCWT - HBRIT , AT ASTR $@IINBK . " AIN 
$WM ILD " , H$IBH . B$NWT H$I$IM BIQR XLASQW BI$RAL $LW$ P&MIM . BP&M 
H$LI$IT , B9691 , GMLH BW HXL@H L$WB ALIH LCMITWT . HWA HGI& AZ LBIQWR 
$L $BW& , KDI LH$TTP BHSR@T " BIWM MWTW " &L - IDI H@LWWIZIH HGRMNIT . 
HBIQWR HQCR HIH RWWI MTX WDRM@I . BIN H$AR HTRX$H BW SCINT QNAH BIN 
SWNIH ZIMAN $HGI&H GM HIA , LBIN ASTR $@IINBK . LBSWP HWDI& MARQ KI 
HXLI@ L$AT AT ASTR LA$H . HWA ICA LGRMNIH LH$LIM SIDWRIM AXRWNIM BQ$R 
LSR@ , WHTKWWN LXZWR MID LI$RAL . ABL B41 BIWNI 9691 HWA NMCA MT BMI@TW 
BDIRTW $L HMPIQ HGRMNI . BN 53 HIH BMWTW . BKISW NMCA KR@IS @ISH LI$RAL . 
LID MI@TW NMCAW CNCNWT $L KDWRI PRWDWRMWL $GRRW $MW&WT KAILW HTABD . 
" $@WIWT " , AMR IWRQ PRS , " MARQ MT MDWM LB . GWPW HIH RWWI ALKWHWL . 
HWA HIH HIPWKWNDR AK LA B&L N@IWT LHTABDWT " . HWA NQBR BBIT QBRWT QTWLI 
BWWR$H , W&L QBRW HWRTH AMW LXRW@ " MARQ XLASQW SWPR XI XIIM QCRIM 
WKWLM PNW LW &WRP " . KWLM PNW LW &WRP HWA $M AXD MSIPWRIW HQCRIM . 

* 

K$HWPI&H BTPQID HRA$I BSR@ &L PI SPRW " HIWM H$MINI $L H$BW& " . " ZW 
HITH AHBH MMB@ RA$WN " , NZKR IWRQ PRS . " BIWM HRA$WN LHSR@H HWCG MARQ 
BPNI SWNIH . MARQ , $LA DIBR GRMNIT , AMR LMTWRGMN : TGID LH $ANI 
RWCH LLKT ATH LMI@H . HMTWRGMN NBWK WSIRB . MARQ AXZ BIDH WLQX AWTH 
LXDR BBIT HMLWN " . AXR KK NPRDW DRKIHM , AK HQ$R BINIHM N$MR . K$NWD& 
LSWNIH ZIMAN &L MCBW HM$PIL $L AHWBH HIA NXTH BI$RAL , HWPI&H BMLWN " WIQ@WRI " , 
WKMW BSIPWR AGDWT LQXH AWTW &MH . MARQ , $$NA GRMNIM , HCIB TNAI : 
HM LA ITGWRRW BGRMNIH . HXTWNH HITH BKNSIIH BLWNDWN , WAT BITM , MKSPH 
$L SWNIH , HM QB&W BSN MWRIC B$WWIIC . ABL HAW$R WH&W$R LA ARKW ZMN RB . 
AT KL TSKWLW &L $NKN& LPITWI HKSPI WLNWXIWT $L MN&MI HXIIM WAT $NATW 
LGRMNIH , PRQ &L R&IITW . HIH ZH AK @B&I WMWBN LXBRIW $HNI$WAIN LA IXZIQW 
M&MD . H$NIIM NPRDW , W&D HIWM MTQ$H IWRQ PRS LZKWR AM HPRIDH HSTIIMH 
GM BGIRW$IM PWRMLIIM . LASQW HM$IK LXP$ AT &CMW WLNDWD . LBSWP , 
&L PI HZMNTW $L IDIDW MPWLIN , H$XQN WHBIMAI RWMN PWLNSQI , &BR LARCWT - 
HBRIT WH$TQ& BLWS ANGLS . LXLASQW HIW CIPIWT GDWLWT $IWKL LH$TLB BHWLIWWD 
KKWTB TSRI@IM . AK $WB @PXH HMCIAWT &L PNIW . MPIQ SR@IM GDWL , $XLASQW 
NIHL PR$T AHBIM &M AI$TW , HCIB LPWLNSQI AWL@IM@WM : ANI WHKSP AW XBRK . 
PWLNSQI BXR BKSP , WGM IDIDWT ZW HGI&H LSIWMH . LAXRWNH , BZIKRWNWTIW , 
" RWMN MAT PWLNSQI " , M$MIC HBMAI - $XQN AT IDIDW MNW&R . GM HXLWM 
HAMRIQAI WXLASQW AHB AT AMRIQH , HTLHB MMNH WNHNH MH"GRIN QARD " $LW 
HLK WHTNPC . MCBW HNP$I WHPISI HLK WHIDRDR . LPRNSTW NALC L&BWD BBTI 
XRW$T , WMP&M LP&M QIBL TRWMWT MSWPR AXR MMWCA PWLNI $"&$H ZAT " BAMRIQH , 
IZI QW$INSQI . KL AWTH &T HWA QIWWH WHAMIN $IHIH LW " QAM - BAQ " , 
$IWKL L$WB LI$RAL . HWA AP RQM XLWMWT &L NI$WAIN LASTR W&L ILD M$WTP 
&MH . LIDIDIW HM&@IM BLWS ANGLS $LA ZNXW AWTW SIPR KI I$ LW KBR ILD MMNH , 
WHM ASPW 03 ALP DWLR W$LXW $LIX LARC KDI LHPQID AT HKSP BX$BWN BNQ LM&N 
&TIDW WXINWKW $L HILD . " AIPH HILD " , $AL H$LIX , SWPR PWLNI $HGI& 
MARCWT - HBRIT , AT ASTR $@IINBK . " AIN $WM ILD " , H$IBH . B$NWT 
H$$IM BIQR XLASQW BI$RAL $LW$ P&MIM . BP&M H$LI$IT , B9691 , GMLH BW 
HXL@H L$WB ALIH LCMITWT . HWA HGI& AZ LBIQWR $L $BW& , KDI LH$TTP BHSR@T 
" BIWM MWTW " &L - IDI H@LWWIZIH HGRMNIT . HBIQWR HQCR HIH RWWI MTX 
WDRM@I . BIN H$AR HTRX$H BW SCINT QNAH BIN SWNIH ZIMAN $HGI&H GM HIA , 
LBIN ASTR $@IINBK . LBSWP HWDI& MARQ KI HXLI@ L$AT AT ASTR LAI$H . HWA 
ICA LGRMNIH LH$LIM SIDWRIM AXRWNIM BQ$R LSR@ , WHTKWWN LXZWR MID LI$RAL . 
ABL B41 BIWNI 9691 HWA NMCA MT BMI@TW BDIRTW $L HMPIQ HGRMNI . BN 53 
HIH BMWTW . BKISW NMCA KR@IS @ISH LI$RAL . LID MI@TW NMCAW CNCNWT $L 
KDWRI PRWDWRMWL $GRRW $MW&WT KAILW HTABD . " $@WIWT " , AMR IWRQ PRS , 
" MARQ MT MDWM LB . GWPW HIH RWWI ALKWHWL . HWA HIH HIPWKWNDR AK LA 
B&L N@IWT LHTABDWT " . HWA NQBR BBIT QBRWT QTWLI BWWR$H , W&L QBRW HWRTH 
AMW LXRW@ " MARQ XLASQW SWPR XI XIIM QCRIM WKWLM PNW LW &WRP " . KWLM 
PNW LW &WRP HWA $M AXD MSIPWRIW HQCRIM . 

* 

WILIAM PIILI , RA$ AIMPRIIT SI - BI - AS $HLK LA MKBR L&WLMW , CDQ MBXINTW , 
KA$R HBI& AMWNH BBIDWR BKL MXIR , WQB& $BNI - ADM RWCIM LCXWQ QCT W$AIN 
BKK KL R& . ABL MATNW N$LL GM M&@ HCXWQ $ANW ZKAIM LW . HMCIAWT KAN 
&WLH &L KL MH $HDMIWN HANW$I &$WI LHMCIA , GM BRG&I HXSD HGDWLIM $LW . 
BMQWM $BW $RIM , XBRI KNST WAN$I CIBWR M$MI&IM AT AMRWTIHM , MI ZQWQ 
LSA@IRH . ZW AWLI AXT HSIBWT $DWWQA XQIINIM WXQIINWT I$IRH WGM CPWIH 
$AINH NX$BT LHWMWR BRMH GBWHH PWPWLRIIM KL - KK . TWRM LKK HXQIIN HM&WLH 
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$RBWB $PTIIM AW AIN@WNCIH WHB&WT PNIM . LCDW MWPI&H BHCLXH RBH ASNT 
WI$INSQI , $MXQH , LA KCPIR , B&IQR DMWIWT MTXWM HBIDWR . ABL GM $NI 
ALH MW&DIM LP&MIM , WB&IITM HIA B&IIT HXWMR HCPWI , HMWKR WH$XWQ . 
RQ HG$$IM NICLIM MMK$LH ZW ; TWRMIM LKK K$RWNM HIIXWDI , AI$IWTM WXW$ 
H&ITWI HMPWTX $LHM ; WH&WBDH KI BKL SI@WACIH CPWIH ABL QIIMT W&K$WWIT , 
HM MSPQIM TPNIT MPTI&H . HXWKMH HIA LA LABD PWAN@WT , B&IQR LA BM&RKWNIM 
HMWTIRIM MAXWRIHM @&M $L TPLWT MWKRT . B@LWWIZIH QIIM MXSWR RCINI BKWTBIM 
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$MTBSS &L &CMW W&L KI$WRIW BAWPN AINPLCIWNI ) KWTBIM M&RKWNIM MDWBRIM , 
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MLL $LA MBIA BX$BWN AT HHIB@IM HWWIZWALIIM , AT HQRICWT , AT HH&WWIH , 
$HWPKIM AT HM&RKWN LXWMR HMTAIM LMDIWM H@LWWIZIWNI . MH GM $AIN DI $XQNIM 
MWK$RIM LM&RKWNIM HWMWRIS@IIM , WKL AXD HWPK QWMIQAI L&T - MCWA ; WKKL 
$THIH WWLGARI IWTR , KK GDLIM SIKWIIK LHPWK LMCXIQN . ZAB RWWX WXNH LSLAW 
$MWT MWKRIM WAHWBIM WQWMIQAIM B&LI XIWNIWT RBH , $HWPI&W BSWP $BW& HAXRWN 
HLKW &L B@WX . BM&RKWNIM $HCIGW WBDMWIWT $AIKLSW AWTM , NIKR KI AIN 
KL N@IIH WSIMN LHTXD$WT . HM MM$IKIM LRKB &L AWTW GL $HBIA LHM AT HHCLXH . 
RWWX MWPI& BM&RKWN &L H"$IPWCNIQ " , $HWA M&IN HM$K LSLAX $BTI , WLTPQIDIM 
RBIM AXRIM BRWX DWMH ; WLSLAW MM$IKH LHIWT H&WZRT HRWMNIIH , HTIMNXIH , 
HAI$H HHRH . AWLI HM MBKRIM LCAT LGMLAWT AMNWTIWT - BIDWRIWT . BTXWM 
HMWGBL $LHM HM MBC&IM KMRBIT HQWMIQAIM AT HDBRIM H$QWPIM WHCPWIIM BIWTR . 
LMRWT $H$QWP WHCPWI PWGM WMXBL BMHWTW $L HWMWR @WB , AIN BDRNINW MBINIM 
ZAT , WM&RKWNIHM MLAIM Q$ WGBBH . WAM CWXQIM PH W$M ZH RQ MTWK HHRGL 
WXWSR HCIPIWT . AP$R HIH LQWWT $HS@ND - AP QWMDI , HAWPNTI KL - KK , 
IHIH PRICT DRK WM$B RWX R&NN BNWP H&IIP WHDHWI , ABL HAKZBH KPWLH WMKWPLT . 
DWRWN N$R $NBXR L$&$& AT QHL HCWPIM NX$B LBXWR MWK$R , ABL MTQBL HRW$M 
$HWA MTPRS &L - PNI TXWMIM RBIM MDI , WNWHG BKI$WRIW BID NDIBH . NDIBH 
MDI . AWSQR WIILD ID& KNRAH MH HWA AWMR K$HKRIZ $"AIN DBR MCLIX KMW HHCLXH " . 
XBL $&INIW $L N$R SWMAW MMNH . BSWP H$BW& ZKINW L$MW& MPIW &WD WRIACIH 
$QWPH WM$&MMT &L HAMA HPWLNIIH . DI L&IIN BSPRW $L IAIR GRBWZ , MMCIA 
H&NIIN , WLRAWT AIK NLQXH MMNW KL @IPH &SISIT $HITH BW . MDW& ZKH NW$A 
ZH LTXIIH , ZAT LA ABIN . WAM KDI LHCLIX BS@ND - AP QWMDI XIIB HIH N$R 
LHIWT MCWID BXW$IM &ITWNAIIM MXWDDIM , KW$R HBXNH M&WLH WL$WN M$WXRRT , 
QL WXWMR K$MDWBR BPINT BIQWRT &ITWNWT . W$M ANW MWCAIM AT $LWM QI@L 
H&W$H MLAKH MGW$MT WMXWSPST , WMC@IIR KM$WLL ALGN@IWT W$AR - RWX . I$ 
LQWWT $IXZWR MHR KKL HAP$R LRDIW . AL HMCXIQNIM HTWRNIM MC@RPIM ARZ @L 
WABRI GL&D . $NI ILDI HPLA MGLI CH"L $LPXWT HIH AP$R LQWWT $HSPIQW LSGL 
L&CMM SGNWN M$LHM LA &WMDIM BCIPIWT WMAKZBIM . HTWKNIT HRA$WNH $LHM 
B&RWC H$NI MAWPIINT BHWMWR &IIP , CPWI WXSR IIXWD . DWMH $GM AWTM SIXRRH 
HHCLXH HMQWMIT HNDIBH , WLKN HM MR$IM L&CMM HKL . AWLI HB&IH N&WCH BH&DR 
SGNWN , KZH $AP$R HIH LMCWA P&M ACL $IIQH AWPIR , AW AWRI ZWHR , WKIWM 
MCWI RQ BR$WT HG$$IM . GM AM QHL HCWPIM BWL& AT KL MH $ML&I@IM AWTW BW , 
&DIIN MGI& LW HWMWR @WB IWTR . 

* 

&WD BIMIW $L " SWP CI@W@ " LIWWTH AWTI TXW$H $L HXMCH . WAIN ZH M$NH 
AM HMNXH HIH IRWN LWNDWN , $HBLI@ AT AI$IWTW H@LWWIZIWNIT , AW MIKAL 
HNDLZLC $HIH MSWIG IWTR BHBL@T AI$IWTW . HTWKNIT HZW $IDRH IWMRNWT TRBWTIT 
$LA HCDIQH AT &CMH , WTXW$H $L NXITH B@RI@WRIH GBWLIT SMWKH . AWLI A$M 
HMDIWM H@LWWIZIWNI , $MC@IIR KALRGI LSPRWT WLTRBWT , WKL M&IINIW MRWKZIM 
BXIPW$ AXR BIDWR BKL MXIR . ALA $GM HDIWWX H&NIINI , HMHIR , B"MCB 
HRWX " MX@IA BM&@ AT HM@RH . $IDWRI APWS@RWP B&RWC H$NI SIPQW HZDMNWT 
L&QWB AXR HTWKNIT BRCIPWT , AM KI BAIXWR $L ZMN . MTBRR $H@LWWIZIH AINNH , 
KKLWT HKL , ALRGIT LSWPRIM WGM LA LSPRWT , HKL TLWI BAI$IWTW $L HMNXH , 
WBMQRH $LPNINW BRNAR PIBW , $H$KIL LHPWK AT HTWKNIT LSIPWR HCLXH BIN - 
LAWMI . ABL GM HWA &LWL HIH LHIK$L ALMLA GI$TM HMIWXDT $L HCRPTIM L&NIINIM 
$BRWX . LA RQ $HM AWHBIM AT $PTM , ALA HM GM B&LI KW$R BI@WI M&WLH . 
WAP AM NAMRIM DBRIM NDW$IM , H$PH HCRPTIT WDRK HBI@WI M&NIQIM LHM M$M&WT 
MIWXDT H&@WPH BHILH $L TRBWT . HCRPTIM , LA RQ $HM AINM MT&BIM AT HMLH 
" TRBWT " , NRAH KAILW HM HMCIAW AT HMW$G HZH . I$ LHM GM DRK LX$WP 
AT &CMM BCWRH AIN@IMIT , MBLI $HDBRIM IIRAW KRKILWT ZWLH WSRT @&M . 
KK LM$L , TWKNIT APWS@RWP HAXRWNH $&NIINH HIH SPRIM $XW$PIM PGI&WT NP$IWT 
WPISIWT . SPRIM $NKTBIM BMTKWNT $L WIDWIIM AI$IIM , AIN@IMIIM . ZANR 
ZH NHPK LPWPWLRI MAWD GM ACLNW , W&WD BNWSX HAMRIQAI , HPSIKWLWGIS@I , 
$&IQRW HTMWDDWT AMICH &M HMXLH AW HPGI&H . BAPWS@RWP M$KILIM LH&NIQ 
LSIPWRIM AI$IIM MMD RWXNI - TRBWTI HXSR BWWIDWIIM MSWG ZH BKL MQWM AXR , 
WBKK HWPKIM AWTM LNSBLIM , WAP LM&NIINIM . HIINW IKWLIM LCPWT MH@LWWIZIH 
HBRI@IT $T&MID TWKNIT $TTXRH BHCLXH &M APWS@RWP , AK MTBRR $AIN ZH KK . 
ABL $M LPXWT NZHRIM MLXQWT WN$ARIM NAMNIM L&CMM . HGI$H $LHM $WNH MGI$T 
H@LWWIZIH HCRPTIT : HM MTRKZIM B$R@W@ MCWIN $L DIWQNAWT SWPRIM , WBAMC&WTM 
HM MGI&IM AL HICIRH &CMH . DWGMH MWBHQT LTWKNIT MCWINT HIA ZW $&SQH BDIWQNW 
$L H$XQN LWRNS AWLIBIH , $GM AM AIN HWA BXZQT SWPR HRI $HHTIIXSWT ALIW 
HIA BRWX SPRWTIT . HMCLMWT $WHWT &L H$XQN HZQN WHXWLH $QWMTW $XWXH , 
WHWA BQW$I MSWGL LLKT . Q$H LCPWT BADM $HT&WPP &L BIMWT WGWPW NXR@ BZKRWN , 
K$HWA MW$K AT RGLIW . NWTR RQ HQWL HNPLA WIKWLT HQRIAH . BM$K $&H TMIMH 
I$WB BAXWZTW HIPHPIIH $TIKNN B&CMW KSDRH $L TPAWRWT BMH BNWP PS@WRLI 
IRWQ , WHMWWT MRXP BXLL HAWWIR HWA QWRA M$IRIHM $L MIL@WN , $IIQSPIR , 
AWDN , WMHSWN@WT $L ALIZBT BRAWNING . MTBRR $DRW$H TRBWT MGWB$T WKW$R 
BI@WI M&WLH KDI LICWR TWKNIT SPRWTIT - AMNWTIT . ABL ACLNW KW$R HBI@WI 
NMCA B$PL HMDRGH , WHTRBWT HMGWB$T HIXIDH $ANW MKIRIM HIA ZW $L HMQWMWNIM . 
AWLI M$WM KK ANW MWCAIM HRBH NISIWNWT &QRIM LA MWCLXIM LPIBRWQ TRBWT . 


* 

AWS@RLIH MBQ$T L$GR LI$RAL " MRGLIM " LCWRK M&QB AXR NBXRT HNW&R . 
I$RAL WAWS@RLIH ITMWDDW &M NIW ZILND B@WRNIR HQDM &WLMI LNW&R , $IHIH 
BPBRWAR - MARS 1991 . ATMWL BIQ$H AWS@RLIH BAWRX R$MI MID& &L M$XQI MIBXN 
$L HNBXRT HI$RALIT BTQWPH HQRWBH . MAMN HNBXRT ( NW&R A ) AMNWN RZ 
HGIB ATMWL : " AIN LI MH LH$IB LHM , KI KRG& LA MTWKNNIM LNW M$XQI 
AIMWN " . HB&IH H&IQRIT MBXINTH $L I$RAL HIA AI HBHIRWT LGBI MQWM BW &RIKT 
H@WRNIR HQDM &WLMI . I$RAL HITH AMWRH LARX AT H@WRNIR , AK PIP"A HWDI&H 
KI BGLL HM$BR BMPRC TXLI@ RQ BDCMBR HIKN IHIW HM$XQIM . HMAMN RZ AMR , 
KI QBI&T M$XQI HMIBXN TI&$H RQ LAXR $ITBRR AM H@WRNIR IHIH BI$RAL . HMAMN 
RZ BIQ$ $NBXRT HNW&R TTMWDD &M HAWLIMPIIM $L PWLIN , AK HM$XQ LA ICA 
LPW&L BGLL XWSR TIAWM LGBI HMW&D . BINTIIM HTB@LH GM TKNITW $L RZ LCAT 
L@WRQIH KDI L&QWB AXRI NBXRT HNW&R ( B ) $L ARC ZW . H@WRQIM IARXW 
AT I$RAL B - 81 BNWBMBR BM$XQ QDM ALIPWT AIRWPH . I$RAL CW&DT BRA$ HBIT 
LAXR NICXWNH &L $WIIC 20 . BBIT ZH M$WBCT GM IWWN . RZ HIH AMWR LCPWT 
BM$XQ AIMWN BIN N&RI @WRQIH WPWLIN BAMC& H$BW& , WLHMTIN LNBXRT I$RAL 
$TGI& LAIS@NBWL B&WD $BW& , AK HTBRR KI N&RI PWLIN KLL LA IGI&W L@WRQIH . 


* 

H$BW& , BIWM $LI$I LPNI HCHRIIM , KMH $&WT LAXR $NWD& &L HRCXW $L MAIR 
KHNA , &MD C&IR B&L &CMWT LXIIM GBWHWT BQWMT HKNISH $L M@H " KK " BIRW$LIM 
WN$A DBRIM MTLHMIM . &L MSIRWT HNP$ $L MAIR KHNA $HPK LQWRBN &WLH ; 
&L $W@RIM &RBIM HMPQXIM &L KNIST IHWDIM LHR HBIT W&L HQ$R $I$ LHM &M ARGWNI 
XBLH &RBIIM $HKINW R$IMH $L IHWDIM $I$ LHTNQ$ BXIIHM ; &L KK $MHIWM WHLAH 
MW@B LKL &RBI LHTBWNN HI@B SBIBW , &$RIM WARB& $&WT BIMMH , M$WM $MI$HW 
&LWL LARWB LW . QHL Q@N $L MAZINIM HTQBC SBIBW . HWA DIBR BRHI@WT , 
M$LB BNAWMW PSWQIM MHMQWRWT , MRIM MDI P&M AT QWLW , ABL LA MTLH@ . 
$NI &ITWNAIM C&IRIM HW$I@W L&BRW MK$IRI HQL@H . HWA LA HTBLBL , WHM 
NRAW KMI $MCAW $LL RB . KA$R HGI&W LMSQNH KI TPSW AT HPRINCIP WSGRW AT 
MK$IRIHM , SINNW HMAZINIM L&BRM QLLWT WAIWMIM : " HKL BGLLKM ; ATKM 
CRIK LGMWR " . H$NIIM XMQW BMHIRWT AL HMDRKH $MMWL , WNBL&W BTWK &DT 
CLMIM $HRGI$H B@WXH LID NIIDT HM$@RH . LM&LH , BQWMH H$NIIH $L HBNIIN , 
BM$RDI " KK " , $RRH DMMT ABL . AN$IM NKNSW K$HM NW$AIM &MM AT HMWLT 
HRXWB , WH$TTQW MID . HIW BINIHM $PRCW BBKI . NWP ANW$I MIWXD : RWBM 
B&LI XZWT MZRXIT , QCTM XWB$I KIPWT SRWGWT &NQIWT , KALW HAWPIINIWT 
LXWZRIM BT$WBH , AXRIM LBW$IM LBW$ XRDI $L BNI I$IBWT , KZH HMWKR ACL 
P&ILI $"S , M&@ C&IRWT BXCAIWT ARWKWT WMB@A AMRIQAI , WGM MBWGRIM $PNIHM 
PNI AN$IM Q$I - IWM . &L HDLT KBR HITH TLWIH MWD&H WBH PIRW@ KLLI HABLWT 
$I$ LNHWG &M MWTW $L HMNHIG . AXD HS&IPIM HTIR HM$K LIMWD TWRH , $LA 
BAWLMWT HLIMWD HRGILIM , KPI $NHGW TLMIDIW $L HRB QWQ LAXR P@IRTW . 
WKK MWNCX HRB KHNA BTWD&TM $L XSIDIW KMI $&WMD B$WRH AXT &M GDWL RBNIH 
$L ARC I$RAL . WAKN , KHNA HIH BRA$ WRA$WNH MWRH RWXNI LC&IRIM $HTLQ@W 
SBIBW . HM RAW BW M&IN $LIX - AL , PR$N HMAIR AT DRKM BRWX DBRI HTWRH . 
P&M AMR KHNA LD"R AHWD $PRINCQ , $&QB AXRIW BM$K 71 $NH BMSGRT XQIRTW 
AT HTNW&WT HQICWNIWT BARC , KI HDMWT HTN"KIT $MMNH HWA $WAB H$RAH HIA 
DWD HMLK ; KMWTW HWA NLXM BIWM WLWMD BLILH . B&INI &CMW MAIR KHNA HIH 
M&IN NBIA . BSPRIW PNH L&M I$RAL BNWSX : " &MI , AIN LKM ZMN " , WAT 
MC& MPLGTW BISS &L KTBI HRMB"M . $PRINCQ SIPR $KA$R THH BAWZNI KHNA &L 
TBWNT MHLKIW HPWLI@IIM , H$IB LW MNHIG " KK " BNIMH $L MI $H$LIXWT 
HALWHIT XZQH MMNW : " ZW DRKI , KK ANI MRGI$ , ZH MH $NKWN B&INI L&$WT . 
MH $ANI &W$H ZW HPR$NWT HNKWNH BIWTR $L HHLKH " . BSPRW " $ALWT LA NWXWT 
LIHWDIM NINWXIM " KTB LA PXWT WLA IWTR , $AILW M&MD HR SINI HIH MTNHL 
&TH , HIH HWA , KHNA , HMPR$ HNKWN $L M$H . HWA HAMIN $BIMIM ALH I$ 
LHTNHG KMW BTQWPT IHW$& BN NWN B&T $HWRI$ AT HARC . ACL P&ILI " KK " 
ICR &WLM MW$GIM M$IXI , WXIBR AWTM BQ$R SHRWRI AL ALWHIM . HWA KTB WDIBR 
&L M&WRBWT HBWRA BMHLK H&NIINIM HARCI . HM&$H HQWB& HWA RCWN HAL , QB& , 
WGM AM HWA &CMW IGI& LRA$WT HMM$LH IBWA ASWN GDWL &L MDINT I$RAL AM TW$BIH 
LA IXZRW BT$WBH . KHNA XZH AT AXRIT HIMIM KAP$RWT MM$IT QRBH WHWLKT , 
BAWPN HAPWQLIP@I $BW HIA MTWART BTN"K : &M I$RAL MBIA AT &CMW &D LSP 
KLIH , BGLL N@I$TW AT H ; MLXMT GWG WMGWG MTRG$T WBAH &L ARC I$RAL ; 
H&M MKIR BX@AW , XWZR BT$WBH WZWKH LGAWLH $LMH . LMRWT $HTB@A , MDI 
P&M KI HWA &LWL LHIWT M@RH LHTNQ$WT , SPQ AM H&LH BXZWNWTIW TMWNH $BH 
HWA NRCX BLB MNH@N . HWA HRI N$B& LHGI& L&IMWTIM &M H&RBIM BKPRIHM . 
KPWLI@IQAI ARCI MAWD RAH MAIR KHNA AT &CMW KMMLA MQWMW $L MNXM 
BGIN . KWWNTW HITH LAIDIAWLWG , MQHIL HKIKRWT , WLA LRA$ HMM$LH . 
KK GM BIQ$ LHTQ$R BTWD&TM $L HHMWNIM $ALIHM NISH LPNWT . B$WR$IW HAIDIAWLWGIIM 
WHARGWNIIM HIH BIT"RI . BHTNHGWTW WBNAWMIW XIQH AT MNXM BGIN . KA$R 
&LH BGIN L$L@WN B7791 KTB KHNA : " SWP SWP I$ LNW RA$ MM$LH IHWDI " , 
WHGDIR AT HMHPK HPWLI@I K"NS HNSIM " . K&BWR $NH , KA$R NXTMW HSKMI 
QAMP - DIIWWID , GRM LW GIBWRW AKZBH MRH . HWA RAH BBGIN ADM $BGD BAMWNTW 
WB&MW , WBMAMR B"GWAI$ PRS " PSQ KI RA$ HMM$LH LQH B"XILWL H$M " BKK 
$HPXD $LW MHGWIIM GBR &L IRAT H . KHNA PNH LMGZRIM HIWTR NIDXIM $L HXBRH 
HI$RALIT KDI L$AWB MTWKM AT KWXW HPWLI@I . BKK HLK BMSLWL $NWSH BMDINWT 
AXRWT : MNHIGIM B&LI TPIST &WLM WHTNHGWT @W@LI@RIWT N$&NIM &L KMIHTH 
$L AWKLWSIIT H$WLIIM LHIWT $WTPT LP&ILWT QIBWCIT HQWR&T BPNIH PTX L&LIIH 
BM&MD HXBRTI , W&L HPXT HTLHBWT MLAKWTIT B&ZRT T&MWLH M@RPT . HHTLHBWT , 
AMR HHIS@WRIWN RIIMWN ARWN , MQNH LADM A$LIH $I$ LW XLQ BXII HKLL WBMS& 
LQRAT NICXWN . KHNA DIBR LLBWTIHN $L $KBWT HMCWQH BARC , WHCI& LHN MSGRT 
$I$ BH HB@XH L&TID AI$I WQIBWCI @WB IWTR . B&IQR ZIMN LXSIDIW DPWS HZDHWT 
WAPIQ LGI@IMI KBIKWL LPRWQ BW AT TSKWLIHM WAT ALIMWTM . BXIRTW LKNST 
B4891 HTQBLH BQRB CIBWR XSIDIW KAWT M$MIIM LCDQT DRKW . LQRAT HBXIRWT 
$L NWBMBR 8891 , KA$R SQRI D&T HQHL NIBAW LW HCLXH $L $LW$H &D $B&H MND@IM , 
HAMINW M&RICIW KI ID ALWHIM MPLST AT MC&DW AL KS $R HBI@XWN . HM HIW 
M$WKN&IM $TWCAWT HBXIRWT IXIIBW AT $ITWPH $L " KK " BMM$LH , WKI KHNA 
IHIH B&MDT MIQWX $TAP$R LW LQBW& MDINIWT XD$H LXLW@IN KLPI H&RBIM ( BI$RAL 
WB$@XIM ; KHNA WAN$IW LA &$W HBXNH BINIHM ) , HIINW : LBC& AT R&IWN 
H@RNSPR . HXL@T BG"C $AI$RH AT PSILT R$IMTW $L KHNA $MH QC LXLWM , WHMI@H 
MHLWMH ANW$H &L " KK " . HRWX ICAH MMPR$IH $L HTNW&H WP&ILWTH HCIBWRIT 
D&KH . AN$IH $BW WCCW RQ &L TQN $L MLBI ICRIM ( I&ILIM , I$ LWMR ) 
BLWWIWT , BHPGNWT WBAZKRWT B&QBWT M&$I RCX &RBIIM BIHWDIM . AHWD $PRINCQ 
KTB &L " KK " $HTPTXH BH TRBWT $L KT . KHNA HIH HAI$ HN&RC $&L PIW 
II$Q KL DBR . HWA HIH HAIDIAWLWG , MQBL HHXL@WT , HNWAM WHGZBR HIXID 
$L HMPLGH . HWA HIH MW$A $L H&RCH WPWLXN MCD XBRI HTNW&H . ZH ( WALMN@IM 
NWSPIM ) MLMDIM KI " KK " LA HITH STM &WD TNW&H $L HIMIN BI$RAL , 
ALA II$WT M&IN - PA$IS@IT BR&IWNWTIH WBP&WLTH . KHNA HIH AGWCN@RI MKDI 
LXLQ AT KWXW HPWLI@I &M GWRM AXR . LKN PL@ MHM&GL HQRWB ALIW AN$IM KMW 
IWAL LRNR , ALI ADIR WIWSI DIIN , $ICGW $KBH XBRTIT $WNH MZW $&MH NMNIM 
RWB AN$I " KK " . HWAIL WZH HIH DPWS MNHIGWTW , LA CMX LW MMLA MQWM , 
W&M HRCXW TGWW& TNW&T " KK " LXLW@IN . B"KK " LA XBRWT DMWIWT B&LWT 
KW$R BICW& MSWGM $L ASIRI HMXTRT HIHWDIT , WAIN BH AN$IM B&LI M@&N R&IWNI 
BRMTM $L XBRI GW$ AMWNIM . AIN LTNW&H T$TIT ARGWNIT $L MM$ , WKL KWLH 
HITH MBWSST &L AI$ AXD WMMWQDT BW WBMWCA PIW . BAWPIW HIH KHNA AI$ ALIM 
WMTPRC . HWA HIH PWNDMN@LIS@ MWXL@ , WNHG LWMR $KA$R TTQBL TWRTW ISPQ 
ALWHIM PTRWNWT LMCB $IIWWCR . HIH BW ISWD HRSNI ; HWA KIWWN AT TWRTW 
LICR HR& $BADM . KK &$H GM BLIGH LHGNH BBRWQLIN . BARC $IXRR BLMIM ACL 
QBWCWT H$WLIIM , WHCLIX LHNIX &L H$WLXN R&IWNWT $GM AN$IM MN HII$WB HWGIM 
BHM , AK AINM M&IZIM LB@A AWTM ( &D L&T HAXRWNH ) . HWA NIGN BAWPN 
CINI &L HP&R H&DTI . BHWP&H $LW BPNI AN$I AXIHWD , LM$L , DIBR BBW@WT 
RBH &L KK $HA$KNZIM GNBW LHM AT HILDIM &M BWAM ARCH . HWA QRA DRWR LICRI 
HNQMH HKI KMWSIM . RQ QWMC Q@N MTWMKIW QRA AT SPRIW . H$BW& $WB X$P 
$R HHIS@WRIH AT XIWKW HAIRWNI : MXWLL R&IWN H@RNSPR NPL QWRBN &L MZBX 
R&IWNWTIW B$&H $TWRTW NMCAT B$IA TPWCTH . KHNA CDQ BTXZIWTIW . LPNI 
51 $NH NIBA BSPRW HRA$WN , " HATGR " , AT HAINTIPADH , WH&RIK KI HCIBWR 
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BGLIMWT PXWT C&QNIWT WL&M&M AT BW@WT HMSR $LW , ABL AIMCW AT ISWDWT TWRTW , 
AM GM LA AT SGNWNW . HIWM , IWTR MAI - P&M , NKWNIM IHWDIM I$RALIIM , 
BMSPRIM GDLIM WHWLKIM , LQLW@ AT SISMTW $L MAIR KHNA : " &MWQ BTWK 
LBKM ATM IWD&IM $ANI CWDQ " . BIWM $NI H$BW& HTKWWC MWTW $L SALM 
AISM&IL MWBARQ LKDI NZIPH XMWRH . BBIT HDIN HM$M&TI $L HM$@RH , BQWMT 
HMRTP $L BNIIN HM@H HARCI , HWR$&W PQD I&QB ADW@ WSML RA$WN MW&D WWHBH 
B&BIRT IRI BNIGWD LNHLIM , WNGZRW &LIHM NZIPH XMWRH WQNS B&RK $L XMI$H 
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BT$LWMIM . MWTW $L SALM AISM&IL MWBARQ RQ RIXP BXLL HAWLM $BW HTNHL HM$P@ , 
AK LA NXT &L $WLXNM $L H$WP@IM TT - NICB ABRHM MLKH , NICB M$NH ZIWWH 
PRI - HR , WSGN - NICB M$H ALKSNDRWNI . &L PI &SQT @I&WN BIN HTWB&T , 
MPQX HDS $PI , LSNGWRIWT , PQD IHWDIT &LIAWP WPQD ZHBH LIIB , HW$M@H 
MGILIWN HAI$WM HMQWRI H&WBDH $BNSIBWT $BHN XRGW $NI HNA$MIM MNWHL HPTIXH 
BA$ NHRG ADM , KPRI BN 62 , AB LARB&H , $XR$ BAWTH $&H AT XLQT HADMH 
HM$PXTIT BAZWR BIT SXWR . GM BGILIWN HAI$WM HMQWRI LA NAMR BMPWR$ $KTWCAH 
MHIRIWT $L H$NIIM NHRG SALM AISM&IL MWBARQ . HWZKR RQ $HM H$TM$W BA$ 
XIH W$ADM NHRG . $TI HSNIGWRIWT HC&IRWT WHXRIPWT $L WWHBH WADW@ NLXMW 
B$CP QCP MHRG& HRA$WN NGD HAZKWR . HN BIQ$W LTXWM AT HM$P@ LMSGRTW HM$M&TIT , 
WHZKIRW L$WP@IM KI PRQLI@ MXWZ IRW$LIM QB& $AI - AP$R LH&MID AT $NI HNA$MIM 
LDIN PLILI &L HRIGH , M$WM $AIN IKWLT LHWKIX KI HIRIWT HMIWXSWT LHM HN 
$HRGW AT MWBARQ . LAXR SDRH LA QCRH $L I$IBWT , $BHN PR$H HTBI&H AT 
RAIWTIH , HGI&W $NI HCDDIM LHSKM : GILIWN HAI$WM TWQN HW$M@H MMNW HPSQH 
$HZKIRH AT MWTW $L MWBARQ WNQB& KI HIRIWT $IRW H$NIIM LA GRMW LSIKWN 
XII ADM . KN HW$M@ S&IP $HA$IM AT H$NIIM BAI - DIWWX &L HTQRIT . LKAWRH 
HIH MQWM LX$WD BM&RKT HXQIRH WHM$P@ HI$RALIT KI RQ H&MIDH PNIM $AKN BAH 
LXQWR AT HNSIBWT $BHN SALM AISM&IL MWBARQ " MCA AT MWTW " . HIW KMH TXNWT 
BDRK GLGWLIH $L HPR$H , $&WRRW X$D LIXS MWPQR LXII ADM MCD IXIDWT M$MR 
HGBWL HNWG&WT BDBR , WLGI$H CINIT MCD $L@WNWT HM$P@ WHXQIRH . MWBARQ 
NHRG B"IWM HADMH " , 03 BMARS 9891 . KA$R NPG& , HWDI& DWBR CH"L KI 
HIH M&WRB B&IMWT &M KWXWT HBI@XWN $P&LW LH$L@T SDR BAZWR MGWRIW , WKI 
NSIBWT PCI&TW NXQRWT . KA$R MT MPC&IW , K&BWR $BW& , XZR DWBR CH"L 
&L HHWD&H $NSIBWT PGI&TW NXQRWT . GM XWD$IIM WXCI LAXR MKN , &RB HPRSWM 
HRA$WN B"HARC " &L HMQRH , HWSIP DWBR CH"L LMSWR KI MC"X XWQRT AT H&NIIN . 
KA$R HTXLTI LHT&NIIN BPR$H , HSTBR $DWBR CH"L MSR HWD&WT KWZBWT . CH"L 
KLL LA XQR AT HTQRIT M$WM $HIW M&WRBIM BH AN$I M$MR HGBWL WLA XIILIM . 
BDI&BD HSBIR DWBR CH"L KI HWD&WTIW B&NIIN ZH HIW @&WT . PNITI LDWBR 
M$RD HM$@RH WZH MSR , LAXR BDIQH , KI H&NIIN NTWN LXQIRT M$MR HGBWL . 
KA$R HTPRSMH GRST DWBR M$RD HM$@RH , NZ&Q MPQD M$MR HGBWL LTQN : HXIL 
$LW LA XQR AT HMQRH WAINW IWD& &LIW KLL . DWBR M$RD HM$@RH MSR GRSH XD$H : 
HPR$H NMSRH LXQIRT M@H HMXWZ HDRWMI . MH&NIIN NDP RIX Q$H . NWCR RW$M 
$HR$WIWT HNWG&WT BDBR MTXMQWT MLXQWR AT MWTW $L SALM AISM&IL MWBARQ , 
$LA HIH P&IL BAINTIPADH , LA HIH M&WRB BAIRW& BI@XWNI KL$HW , IIXL 
LRG& $TIPSQ HALIMWT HIHWDIT - PL$TINAIT KDI $IWKL L$WB LMSLWL XIIW HQWDM 
( HWA HIH AMN GILWP B&C ) , NHRG &L MPTN BITW K$HWA WBNI M$PXTW XWR$IM 
AT XLQT ADMTM . HRW$M HZH HTXZQ K$HTBRR $MKTB $$IGR &W"D DRWWI$ NASR , 
PRQLI@H $L M$PXT HHRWG , LL$KT $R HM$@RH DAZ , XIIM BR - LB , LA @WPL 
KLL , W$PNIWT $L X"K DDI CWQR W$L ADI QAWPMN ( M&BIDW $L MWBARQ ) LA 
N&NW AP HN . RQ LXC HPRSWMIM B"HARC " HNI& AT HM&RKT LP&WL . H$LB HBA 
HIH HWD&H XGIGIT $L DWBR M$RD HM$@RH &L HXL@T CWWT HXQIRH HMIWXD LH&BIR 
LPRQLI@WT MXWZ IRW$LIM HMLCH LH&MID LDIN $NI AN$I M$MR HGBWL &L HRIGT 
MWBARQ . HX$DWT BDBR MZIMT - @IWX PXTW . HM $BW WHT&WRRW MXD$ KA$R HSTBR 
KI PRQLI@WT HMXWZ HXLI@H $AIN BIDIH DI RAIWT KDI LHWKIX AT A$MTM $L $NI 
HX$WDIM . HIA HMLICH LH&MIDM LDIN M$M&TI BLBD . LA HTR$MTI $HXL@T PRQLI@WT 
HMXWZ $LA LH&MIDM LDIN PLILI HITH MGMTIT WHW$P&H MHNXIWT PWLI@IWT KL$HN . 
GM HM$P@ HM$M&TI HTNHL KDT WKDIN , TWK HTNCXWT - AMT BIN HTBI&H LHGNH 
WHKR&H &NIINIT $L BIT HM$P@ , BMSGRT SMKWTW . HXWLIH HN&LMT HIA @IB 
HXQIRH $NIHL HMXWZ HDRWMI , $BSWPH LA NMSRW LPRQLI@WT HMXWZ RAIWT $HIW 
MSPIQWT L$M NISWX KTB - AI$WM BGIN HRIGH . WAWLI ZW H@LT X$D BK$RIM . 
&M ZAT , LHGNT HMX$ID T&MWD AMINWTM HMPWQPQT $L H$L@WNWT B$LBIM HQWDMIM 
$L HPR$H . MWTW $L ADM TMIM HTGMD LDIWN BBIT DIN M$M&TI $L HM$@RH &L 
XRIGH MHWRAWT PTIXH BA$ . MH $NRAH LKAWRH KRCX BKWWNH TXILH ( LPI &DWIWT 
BNI M$PXTW ) , LB$ CWRT HMLCH LHG$T GILIWN AI$WM &L HRIGH , $QIBLH 
DMWT $L H&MDH LDIN &L $TI &BIRWT M$M&TIWT , $HPKH LGILIWN AI$WM MTWQN 
$BW AIN ZKR L&WBDT HMWWT . " MBIT HM$P@ NXSK HRBH ZMN KTWCAH M&SQT H@I&WN " , 
@RXW HTWB&T WHSNIGWRIWT LHZKIR H$BW& B&T HDIWN &L XWMRT H&WN$ . 

* 

R&I$WT &$WIWT LXWLL Z&ZW& BPISGH BM$XQI HMXZWR H - 31 $L HBWNDSLIGH . 
$TI HRA$WNWT I$XQW MXR BBIT NGD IRIBWT NWXWT : HMWLIKH BAIIRN MINKN 
( 71 NQ ) MARXT AT DWR@MWND ( MDWRGT 9 ) WQIIZRSLAW@RN ( 61 NQ ) 
MXKH LDISLDWRP ( MQWM 21 ) . WRDR BRMN &LWLH LABD AT MQWMH H$LI$I 
( GM LH 61 NQ ) AM TPSID B$@W@GAR@ . ITR HM$XQIM : BAIIR LWWRQWZN 
QLN , NIRNBRG PRNQPWR@ , S@ . PAWLI MN$NGLDBAK , BAIIR AIRDINGN 
HAMBWRG , QARLSRH BWKWM . H&RB : WA@N$IID HRTH . 

* 

MI HIH MAMIN LPNI KMH XWD$IM , KI HDRBI $L A$DWD IHIH HM$XQ HMDWBR BIWTR 
BLIGH HARCIT WAWLI AP IWTR MKK . $TI HQBWCWT M&IR HNML , HPW&L W&IRWNI , 
NABQW BLIGH A &L KR@ISI H&LIH LARCIT WAKN &$W ZAT . &IRWNI , $MAMNW 
HWA ARIH RDLR , HPTI& BSIDRH $L ARB&H NICXWNWT . H$G MCWIN ZH HCIBW 
BRA$ H@BLH LPNI MW&DWNIM WTIQIM KMW HIWRDIM HPW&L RMT GN W$M$WN TL ABIB , 
MKBI PTX TQWH WMKBI IBNH ( HIXID $NICX AT &IRWNI ) . HPW&L A$DWD , 
BHDRKT HMAMN MIKAL ( LWPA ) QDW$ , MDWRG RQ BMQWM H - 21 W&DIIN LA 
NICX . AK HP&R B@BLH &$WI LHI&LM KLIL &M $RIQT HPTIXH BAIC@DIWN H&IRWNI 
( B$&H HRA$IT 1430 ) . HTKWNH BA$DWD LDRBI HMSQRN MXR HXLH KBR LPNI 
ZMN RB WHGI&H H$BW& L$IAH . ALPI KR@ISIM NMKRW WHHT&NIINWT LA NWTRH RQ 
BA$DWD . $XQNI HPW&L HCHIRW LA AXT KI HHCLXWT $L &IRWNI PG&W BIKWLTM . 
MHRKB &IRWNI &LWL LHI&DR HXLWC HMC@IIN NAWR GLILI , HMWBIL B@BLT MLK 
H$&RIM . GLILI NPC& BM$XQ HAXRWN NGD HPW&L XDRH . MC@IIN NWSP BHRKB 
$L &IRWNI HWA HQ$R HBWLGRI W&W$H HM$XQ AMIL WWLB . BHRKB HPW&L $XQNIM 
WTIQIM BRA$WT HNTNIITIM BNI LM WMRDKI XLPWN , AK HTWCAWT BINTIIM MAKZBWT . 
$XQNI HPW&L RMT GN ICPW LAIBWD NQWDWT $L &IRWNI KDI LHTQDM LMQWM HRA$WN . 
ABL TXILH &L XNIKIW $L DWD $WIICR LGBWR BBIT &L MKBI $&RIIM 
$GM LW KWWNWT BCMRT . MKBI PTX TQWH , HMDWRG $LI$I , IARX HIWM AT MKBI 
IPW $CIRP LHRKBW AT H$W&R PRDI LSNR . PTX TQWH PIIBWRI@IT , GM BZKWT 
HBITIWT . GM $M$WN TL ABIB PIIBWRI@ BM$XQ HBIT $IHIH HIWM BBLWMPILD &M 
HPW&L XIPH . BBT IM IHIH HIWM MIPG$ TXTIT , $BW IARX HPW&L HMQWMI AT 
HPW&L @IRT HKRML ( SWGR H@BLH ) . BIBNH I$XQW HIWM ( 1400 ) MKBI 
HMQWMI WHPW&L @BRIH $AINW MT&LH BM$XQI XWC . MKBI RMT &MIDR , $H$IG 
BMXZWR HAXRWN NICXWN BKWRH , ITMWDD BXWC &M HPW&L XDRH . BIT"R NTNIH 
IARX AT H&WLH HXD$ MKBI &KW . 

* 

I$ KMH &SQNI SPWR@ , B&IQR HWWTIQIM WHM$WP$PIM $BHM , HMTPQDIM TXT LXC 
KAILW HZMN AWZL WI$ LHSPIQ L&$WT HKL WMHR WBKL MXIR . HM MCIIRIM M@RWT 
&L HGLWBWS , WAXR KK MWCAIM SIBWT $WNWT WM$WNWT LHGI& AL HM@RH . KK NRAH 
GM RCWNW $L MNK"L HHTAXDWT LSPWR@ $MWAL LLQIN LNSW& LQWNGRS AIGRWP , 
$IHIH B$BW& HBA BAWS@RLIH . HTNGDWTM LNSI&H ZW $L KMH MRA$I HAIGWDIM HMSWNPIM 
LHTAXDWT , $P&ILWTM NPG&T BGLL Q$II MIMWN WXWSR TQCIB , MWBNT BHXL@ 
WGM MWCDQT LXLW@IN . XWBTM LA RQ LHDLIP HTNGDWTM LTQ$WRT , ALA LHTARGN 
WLMNW& AT HHTRWCCWT HBZBZNIT $L &SQNI HSPWR@ BKL HIB$WT . XWBT N$IAWT 
HHTAXDWT LSPWR@ LHTKNS WLB@L AT HNSI&H LAWS@RLIH . ICIATW HCPWIH $L LLQIN , 
HMTAMC LCRP LNSI&TW &SQN NWSP , HIA BQ@IGWRIH $L @IWLI BIZBWZ MIWTRIM . 
MH $BRWR M&L LKL SPQ : MCBW $L HAIGRWP BI$RAL LA IHIH @WB IWTR , AW 
@WB PXWT , BGLL NSI&TW AW AI NSI&TW $L LLQIN LIB$T HXMI$IT . WMH $&WD 
BRWR : MCB QWPT HHTAXDWT LSPWR@ BHXL@ IHIH PXWT @WB , AM LMRWT HKL IMM$ 
LLQIN AT NSI&TW LAWS@RLIH . 

* 

BAMC& $NWT H$MWNIM CIPW RBIM KI HB$WRH TCA MNIW ZILND HRXWQH . B$NT 4891 
&LTH $M L$L@WN MPLGT H&BWDH WXWLLH MHPK BLTI CPWI . BMQWM LHGBIR AT M&WRBWT 
HMM$LH BM$Q , LHGDIL AT HRIKWZ WLXZQ AT HPIQWX &L HP&ILWT HKLKLIT , 
HIA HNHIGH LIBRLIZCIH MRXIQT - LKT : HWXLH RPWRMH NDIBH BM&RKT HMISWI , 
CWMCMW AW BW@LW HHGNWT &L HT&$IIH , NMKRW XBRWT MM$LTIWT , XWSLW M&RKWT 
SBSWD WNITN XWP$ P&WLH MWN@RI LBNQ HMRKZI . $WXRI H$WQ HXWP$I WTWMKI 
HHT&RBWT HMM$LTIT GM IXD HTBWNNW BH$TAWT AL HN&$H BARC HQIWWI : HAM TG$IM 
DWWQA MPLGH SWCIAL - DMWQR@IT AT XZWNW $L MIL@WN PRIDMN ? BXWD$ $&BR , 
KTWM QRWB L$$ $NWT $L@WN , B&@W BWXRI NIW - ZILND BMPLGT H&BWDH , WHXZIRW 
L$L@WN AT HMPLGH H$MRNIT . HSIBH : HMDINIWT HKLKLIT HNW&ZT $L MPLGT 
H&BWDH NK$LH KI$LWN XRWC . MAZ HWNHGW HRPWRMWT BAMC& $NWT H$MWNIM SWBLT 
NIW ZILND MQIPAWN KLKLI , HTWCR HLAWMI KM&@ $LA &LH , W$I&WR HAB@LH 
MTQRB L$MWNH AXWZIM $IA $L KL HZMNIM BMDINH ZW . MDW& NK$LH HMDINIWT , 
WB&IQR BTXWM HT&SWQH ? H$BW&WN " AQWNWMIS@ " M$WKN& KI HHSBR H&IQRI 
HWA $MM$LT NIW ZILND HITH NW&ZT , AK LA NW&ZT DIH : HIA NMN&H ML@PL 
BHIB@ XIWNI $BL&DIW LA TCLIX $WM RPWRMH , DHIINW M&RKT H&BWDH , H$KR 
WHAIGWD HMQCW&I . BTXWM ZH LA N&$H DBR : HSKMI H&BWDH N$ARW Q$WXIM K$HIW , 
H$KR NQB& B$I@WT RIKWZIWT &L BSIS HCMDWT WLLA KL ZIQH LMCB B$WQ H&BWDH , 
WHAIGWDIM HMQCW&IIM HM$IKW LHP&IL ZKWIWT BL&DIWT BM$A WMTN &M HM&SIQIM 
&L MQWMWT H&BWDH WTNAIH , TWK HT&LMWT MMCB HM$Q . SBIR LHNIX $HMM$LH 
H$MRNIT HXD$H TM$IK BMDINIWT HLIBRLIZCIH ; HIA QIBLH L$M KK MND@ MHBWXRIM . 
AK BNIGWD LQWDMTH HIA LA THSS L@PL BMXSWMIM $MNIXIM HAIGWDIM HMQCW&IIM 
&L DRK HRXBT HT&SWQH . MWGZM AWLI LTLWT AT QWLR HQIPAWN $H$TRR BM$Q HI$RALI 
BQ$IXWIWT B$WQ H&BWDH BLBD . ITR &L KN , BMGZR H&SQI BWC&W B$NIM HAXRWNWT 
PI@WRI II&WL BHIQP $L RBBWT &WBDIM , DBR $Q$H HIH LH&LWTW &L HD&T B&BR . 
GM HSDRI H$KR HGIBW AMNM BPIGWR MSWIM &L HMITWN $H$TRR BM$Q HXL M7891 . 
HNTWNIM BLWX MRAIM AT H$INWIIM B$KR HMMWC& LM$RT $KIR BARB& WXCI H$NIM 
HAXRWNWT BMWNXIM RIALIIM ( BAXWZIM ) : B$IRWTIM HCIBWRIIM H$KR LA ZW 
BLBD $LA N$XQ , ALA GDL B$NIM HAXRWNWT HRBH M&BR LGIDWL BPRIWN HKLLI 
BM$Q ( HPRIWN BMGZR H$IRWTIM HCBWRIIM MXWSN MPNI BDIQH WBIQWRT ) , 
WBIMIM ALH MNHLIM HM&SIQIM HCIBWRIIM MABQ LBLIMT GIDWL NWSP B$KR HRIALI 
BMGZR ZH B0991 WB1991 ( LM&$H &D APRIL 2991 ) . $NIM ALW IHIW GWRLIWT 
B$NI MI$WRIM , XIDW$ HCMIXH WQLI@T H&LIIH . HM$A WMTN &L HSKMI H$KR 
BMGZR HCIBWRI NWG& B$NIHM . SL& MXLWQT &IQRI BM$A WMTN HWA H&TQT HSKMI 
H$KR LXBRWT MM$LTIWT . T$LWM TWSPWT $AINN M&WGNWT BRWWXIWT I$PI& LR&H 
&L XBRWT MM$LTIWT LA M&@WT , W&LWL LHQRIN GM &L XBRWT LA - MM$LTIWT . 
AIN KL HIGIWN BHXLT HSDRI $KR HNQB&IM BMGZR HMTWQCB BMW"M MWSDI , KM&@ 
PWLI@I , &L MP&LIM &SQIIM MM$LTIIM KPR@IIM . N$M&H H@&NH $KL TAGID 
XIIB L$LM AT HT&RIP HMQWBL L&BWDH , K$M $HWA XIIB L$LM AT HMXIR HMQWBL 
TMWRT MIM , X$ML AW XWMRI GLM . AM IXWIB LNHWG KK , T&MWD BPNIW HBRIRH 
$L HQ@NT H&LWT HKWLLT BAMC&WT CMCWM HIQP HHZDQQWT LM$AB HIQR . HTWCAH 
BTXWM KWX HADM THIH IWTR MPW@RIM MHMP&LIM WPXWT T&SWQH BM$Q , WHKL HWDWT 
LP&ILWT - HITR $L AIGWDIM MQCW&IIM WXWSR HAWNIM BHTMWDDWT ATM . DWMH 
LKK HMCB BMGZR HMTWQCB . HRWPAIM MSPQIM BIMIM ALH DWGMH MWBHQT LKK . 
BMDINH $BH I$ KBR &TH MAWT RWPAIM &WDPIM , WH&WMDT LQLW@ ALPI RWPAIM 
XD$IM , MT&Q$ HAIGWD HMQCW&I LHGN &L $KRM $L &MITIW HBKIRIM , HM$TKRIM 
PI ARB&H WXMI$H MN H$KR HMMWC& BM$Q ( 10000 $QLIM BXWD$ WIWTR ) , 
WAP LHWSIP &LIW . HTWCAH HBLTI NMN&T THIH , $MWSDWT HRPWAH IIZHRW WII$MRW 
MQLI@T RWPAIM XD$IM MQRB H&WLIM . HQ$IXWIWT BTXWM H$KR WBL$WN GLWIH 
IWTR , HAIGWDIM HMQCW&IIM HLWXMIM BTQIPWT LM&N HAIN@RSIM $L H&WBDIM - 
HMW&SQIM HM HAIWM HXMWR BIWTR &L SIKWII HMIMW$ $L M$IMWT HM$Q B$NIM HQRWBWT . 
BNIW ZILND HM HK$ILW AT HCMIXH ; ACLNW HM &LWLIM LHK$IL GM AT HQLI@H . 


* 

H$BW& HTRX$H BPWLI@IQH HAMRIQAIT HTMWDDWT NDIRH , AWLI XSRT TQDIM . 
$NI IHWDIM HTXRW &L AXD M$NI MW$BIH $L MDINT MINSW@H BSNA@ $L ARCWT HBRIT . 
GDWL &ITWNI MINSW@H , " S@AR @RIBIWN " , KTB BCDQ KI H&WBDH " $ZH 
IKWL LQRWT BMDINH $BH HIHWDIM HM MI&W@ Q@N ( PXWT MAXWZ AXD ) $L HAWKLWSIIH , 
HIA NQWDH HIKWLH LGRWM GAWWH LGI@IMIT LKL HMINSW@IM " . LRW& HMZL HR$H 
L&CMW AXD HMTMWDDIM , HSNA@WR HRPWBLIQAI RDI $WWIC , LHPWK AT H$&H HGDWLH 
HZW LQ@NH MAWD , KA$R NISH LICWR AT HRW$M $HWA IHWDI NAMN IWTR MIRIBW . 
HWA HR$H L&CMW LH&MID AT $AIPWTIW HPWLI@IWT M&L HAIN@RSIM $L SWBLNWT 
XBRTIT W$L HRMWNIH ANW$IT WGM M&L HAIN@RSIM $L IHWDI ARH"B , WAWLI $L 
IHWDIM BKLL . T&LWLI BW$WWIC LA &LW IPH , WHWA HPSID AT MW$BW . AP KI 
BW$WWIC XZR WHTGIIS B&BR , P&M AXR P&M , L&ZRT IHWDIM WL&ZRT MDINT HIHWDIM , 
HWA RAWI H$BW& LGINWI HQ$H BIWTR . MPLTW BBXIRWT BMINSW@H HIA BSWPW 
$L DBR H$IRWT H@WB HAXRWN , $HPWLI@IQAI HAWPWR@WNIS@I WHCINI HZH IKWL 
HIH L&$WT LIHWDIM $B$MM DIBR . B21 $NWTIW BSNA@ HIH BW$WWIC HIDID HAPQ@IWWI 
BIWTR $L I$RAL BMPLGH HRPWBLIQAIT . P&MIM AXDWT HTIICB BQW HXZIT , H$TTP 
BMABQIM PWLI@IIM &QWBIM MDM W&MD BHM BAWMC . BI$RAL HIINW AWMRIM &LIW 
$HWA " IHWDI XM " . ABL BW$WWIC HWA GM PWLI@IQAI XM . KKL $ARKW IMIW 
BWWA$ING@WN , KK GBRH H$P&TW BMPLGTW . B8891 HWA HW&MD BRA$ M@H HBXIRWT 
HRPWBLIQAI LSNA@ , WLA HISS BMIWXD KA$R HIH CRIK LHTGIIS NGD HMAMCIM 
LBXWR MXD$ AT HSNA@WR HIHWDI PRANQ LAW@NBRG MNIW GRSI . LAW@NBRG AMNM 
HIH LPNIM IW"R HMGBIT HIHWDIT HMAWXDT , ABL BSNA@ HWA AI$ HMPLGH HDMWQR@IT . 
LA HIH DBR @B&I IWTR B$BIL HPWLI@IQAI BW$WWIC MNIHWL MABQ HGWN NGD HPWLI@IQAI 
LAW@NBRG . IHDWTM HITH BLTI RLWWN@IT LXLW@IN . ABL B0991 XDL BW$WWIC 
LX$WB AT IHDWTW , AW AT IHDWTM $L PWLI@IQAIM AMRIQAIM AXRIM , LLA - 
RLWWN@IT . HWA $LX , LM$L , MKTB LBWXRIM IHWDIM BMDINT MSCWS@S , WHPCIR 
BHM LHCBI& B&D HMW&MD HIHWDI HRPWBLIQAI LSNA@ , GIM RPPWR@ . LRPPWR@ 
LA HIH M&WLM Q$R LIHWDIM AW LI$RAL . BM&RKT HBXIRWT H@LWWIZIWNIT $LW 
HWA HBLI@ LA AT IHDWTW $L ABIW , ALA AT MWCAH HAIRI - QTWLI $L AMW . 
ZH LA HPRI& LBW$WWIC , &L PI PRSWM B&ITWN " BWS@WN GLWB " , L&$WT NP$WT 
LRPPWR@ &L ISWD IHDWTW . B&L @WR B"GLWB " , ALAN L , HGIB BXRIPWT &L 
HMKTB , TXT HKWTRT " &$IR BXWCPH ( HWA H$TM$ BMLH H&BRIT , BAWTIWT 
L@INIWT ) , ABL DL B&WBDWT " . BIWM A H$BW& , IWMIIM LPNI HBXIRWT LSNA@ 
BMINSW@H , DIWWX H&ITWN " S@AR @RIBIWN " BMINIAPWLIS , KI M@H HBXIRWT 
$L BW$WWIC $IGR LALPI IHWDIM BMDINH MKTB , $KLL HTQPH MDHIMH &L NAMNWIWTIW 
HIHWDIWT $L HIRIB HDMWQR@I , PRWP RB - XN WHWMWR $$MW PWL WLS@N . BMKTB , 
&L NIIR M@H HBXIRWT $L BW$WWIC , NIDWNH NAMNWTW $L WLS@WN LQHILH HIHWDIT , 
WKN XINWKM HLA - IHWDI $L ILDIW . WLS@WN , HWAIL W$IM$ B8891 BKHWNH 
BKIRH BM@H HBXIRWT $L GSI GQSWN , GM TWAR BMKTB KAWIB I$RAL . HWA HWA$M 
$SIRB LHTN&R MIASR &RPAT WMLWAI PARAQAN . ZH HAXRWN HWA HM@IP HMWSLMI 
H$XWR , $HQPIC AT IHWDI ARH"B MMQWMM B4891 , KA$R KINH AT HIHDWT " DT 
BIBIM " WTIAR AT HI@LR K"ADM DGWL " . BW$WWIC TWAR , L&WMT ZAT , BMKTB 
K"RBI $L HSNA@ " , CACA L$$H DWRWT $L RBNIM WLWXM NMRC L$IWR H&M HIHWDI , 
HMPGI$ MDI $NH MAWT RWWQIM WRWWQWT BQHILH HIHWDIT BWWA$ING@WN , KDI 
LHCIL AWTM MNI$WAI T&RWBT . ZH HIH RMZ , DQIQ B&RK K&WBIW $L PIL , 
LNI$WAI HT&RWBT $L PWL WLS@WN . BW$WWIC AMNM LA XTM &L HMKTB &$W KN B$MW 
27 IHWDIM MINSW@IIM ABL LPI M@H HBXIRWT $LW HWA SMK &LIW AT IDIW . KA$R 
PRCH H$&RWRIIH HITH LBW$WWIC HZDMNWT LHTNCL . TXT ZAT HWA RQ AMR , $"HMKTB 
NWPX MXWC LKL PRWPWRCIH " . BI$RAL ANXNW MKIRIM AT HAB - @IPWS HZH . BI$RAL 
RCX - AWPI MN HSWG $&$H BW$WWIC HWA M&$H $L IWM - IWM . P@RIW@IM M@&M 
&CMM &WSQIM BI$RAL BHX$DH $I@TIT $L NAMNWT IRIBIM PWLI@IIM LMDINH WL&M 
HIHWDI . AXT HS@IWT HNPSDWT BIWTR $L HCIWNWT HIA ZW $H&LTH LDRGH $L DWQ@RINH 
AT M@B& - HL$WN " $NAH &CMIT " . KA$R P@RIW@IM RWCIM LHIMN& MWWIKWX RCINI 
&M LIBRLIM , HM PW@RIM AWTM BMLIM " LWQH B$NAH &CMIT " , AW " SWKN 
A$"P " . LALWHI HIHWDIM I$ KNRAH DRKIM M$LW LGMWL &L M&$IM KALH . BW$WWIC , 
A$R HWBIL BSQRIM BHPR$ $L % 9 LPNI PRSWM HMKTB , NWCX BIWM G . M$QIPIM 
PWLI@IIM BMINSW@H RWAIM Q$R I$IR BIN HMKTB WBIN HMPLH . KM&@ @RGDIH HIA 
$PLI@ IHWDI MGRMNIH HNACIT , A$R HCLXWTIW HAI$IWT HIW TMCIT HXLWM HAMRIQAI , 
MSIIM AT HQRIIRH HPWLI@IT $LW BAWPN KL KK MBI$ . 

* 

ARH"B QRBH BQCB MHIR LPR$T DRKIM : &L MM$LTH LHXLI@ HAM AP$R LII$B AT 
HM$BR BMPRC HPRSI BM$A WMTN I$IR , MTWK , AW AW"MI AW $LM&$H LA NWTR 
ALA LHILXM AW LHRIM RGLIIM . &L QRBT MW&D HHXL@H M&IDH HTKWNH : HKL 
NWS&IM . WBL N@&H , GM HTIIRIM HLA - R$MIIM LBGDD MMLAIM $LIXWT MMLKTIT , 
WNCIGW $L H$XQN HRA$I , HLA HWA GIIMS BIIQR , &W$H HQPWT SBIB &IRAQ 
KMW IHWDI B$MXT TWRH SBIB ARWN HQWD$ . HTKWNH RBH BMIWXD SBIB HMKNIM 
BNI H&RWBH : KWWIIT N&LMH M&INI HM&RB , LLMDK &L AMNWT HHWQWS PWQWS 
$L SDAM XWSIIN . LM&@ HGBRT TACR , WAM L$PW@ &L PI HTPRCWIWT LSIRWGIN , 
HN$IA BW$ , NWTRW M&@IM H&RIM &DIIN LMH $PWCC AT HM$BR : X$$ MPNI H$TL@WTH 
$L &IRAQ BAMC&WT KIBW$ WAIWMI KIBW$ &L KMXCIT M&TWDWT HNP@ HMWKRWT . 
LAN$I HM&$H , PWLI@IQAIM WRA$I BNQIM , BARCWT $HN HCRKNIWT HRA$IWT $L 
HNP@ , LA N&IM LDBR BMWNXIM $L AIN@RSIM , HGM $HM KBDI M$QL MAWD . 
KWB$ LBBWT IWTR LDQLM KMH X$WB LHGN &L ZKWIWT AZRX , LHTNGD LKIBW$ CBAI 
WKIWCA BALH MH $KAILW HZMIN AT SDAM XWSIIN L@PLL AT D&T HQHL BAMC&WT 
BNI H&RWBH . HIW $HDM &LH LRA$M KA$R $M&W AT HN$IA BW$ MWTX GZIRH $WWH 
BIN SDAM LBIN HI@LR . WAMNM , BHQ$R $BW N&$H HHIQ$ HWA BLTI - HWLM &D 
GIXWK . AWLM $I@T HP&WLH $L N$IA &IRAQ , AM LA TKNIH WI&DH , RAWIH 
BHXL@ LH$WWAH LMWDL HGRMNI . GM HI@LR HIH M&RBB CWWXWT MAIIMWT &M DBRI 
NW&M , GM HWA LA HIH $WKX LRMWZ &L NKWNWTW LHSDIR B&IWT BDRKI $LWM , 
KDI LHWLIK $WLL BNI $IX $W@IM AW MITMMIM . WHNH GM HSNA@WR RWBR@ DWL , 
WLHBDIL HQNCLR L$&BR WILI BRAND@ , MKRIZIM $SDAM HWA AI$ HMWKN LNHWG 
BMTINWT , AILW RQ NTNW LW IRIBIW SIKWI LKK . WMI LA IIZKR L$M& HDBRIM 
BADWLP HMNWX . WAWLM , RG& HPGIWN BGB IGI& BAWPN BLTI NMN& . KWWIIT 
HIA AWS@RIH , WKMSTMA APILW BRNAD@ $KX AWLI RCH L$KWX KICD MTQDM H@WR 
HPWLI@I BNWSX $NWT H03 . HIW ZMNIM $XIILIM BARCWT $BHN NKPPW AN$I CBA 
LAZRXIM &SQW B$LHM , WHWTIRW AT HPWLI@IQH LMMWNIM HPWLI@IIM . ZMNIM 
ALH XLPW , AWLI LLA $WB . HGNRL NWRMN $WWRCQWP , MPQD HGIISWT HAMRIQAIIM 
HN&RKIM MWL &IRAQ , M&RIK KI " HKWXWT $BPIQWDW MSWGLIM LMXWQ AT &IRAQ 
MN HMPH " . WAWLM HWA MBI& SPQ ( BRAIWN $H&NIQ LPNI IMIM AXDIM L"NIW 
IWRQ @IIMS " ) HAM ZH HIH " M$RT AT CWRKI MAZN HKWXWT L@WWX ARWK BAZWR " . 
AP$R $H&ISWQ B&NIINIM H$IIKIM BMWBHQ LMMWNIM HAZRXIIM NLMD &TH BWWS@ 
PWIN@ KMQCW& XWBH . WAWLI ZW HSIBH , AW AXT MHN , $ARH"B NRAIT BLTI - 
K$IRH LMLA AT HM$IMWT , $&L PI HCHRWTIW HXWZRWT HN$IA BW$ XW$B $HIA XIIBT 
LI@WL &L &CMH . AIN ZH SWD $MZKIR HMDINH BIIQR , XRP HCHRWT $RIRIWT $HWA 
M$MI& MDI P&M , HWA XSID HPTRWN HDIPLWM@I LM$BR HMPRC ; AM KI LA BRWR 
BAIZW DRK HWA XW$B LH&LWT BQNH AXD AT HAMC&IM ( M$A WMTN , WL BLXC $L 
HSGR ) &M HI&DIM ( HWCAT &IRAQ MKWWIIT WHXZRT BIT HMLWKH &L KNW ) . 
AK BIIQR AINW HIXID . HNH MH $AMR HGNRL $WRCQWP : " ANI SBWR $I$ DRKIM 
XLWPIWT LDHIRH LBGDD , LHWCATW $L $L@WN HB&T MXPIRWTIW , WLH$MDT KWLM 
KDI LH$LI@ $LWM WICIBWT BAZWR " . WAMNM , XLWPWT KALW QIIMWT , WLITR 
DIWQ HIW QIIMWT KA$R MLXMWT HTNHLW BRWMXIM . ALA $$WWRCQWP N$LX LMPRC 
BRA$ GIISWT , $AM IWP&LW &LWLIM LHIDR$ LBC& BDIWQ AT HXLWPH HLA - MW&DPT 
&L HGNRL . ZW GZRTH $L H@KNWLWGIH HMLXMTIT BT - ZMNNW . B&IITH $L ARH"B 
WHDBR AMWR BM$NH TWQP LGBI ITR ARCWT HM&RB LA N&WCH BXWSR IKWLT , BMWNXI 
&WCMH , LH&MID AT &IRAQ BMQWMH . WAILWLA NTPSH BIHIRWTH HM&CMTIT LA$LIH 
KI HIA MSWGLT LTKNN MRA$ MI WMH IBWAW B&IRAQ BMQWM SDAM XWSIIN WQLGSIW , 
AP$R $HGNRL HIH M$TXRR MTHIWTIW , WAWLI APILW MZKIR HMDINH HIH XDL LRQWD 
B$TI XTWNWT . AK LPNI HKL ARH"B XIIBT LHBHIR L&CMH L$M MH HQIMH AT H&WLM 
&L RGLIW , WLH$GTH $L AIZW M@RH $LXH LMPRC CBA , $MBXINT KWX HA$ HNI$A 
BKLIW $M BKISW HQ@N AT KL CBAWT HBRIT BMLXMT H&WLM H$NIIH . LA ZKWIWT 
AZRX , WLA HTNGDWT &QRWNIT LKIBW$ , W&L AXT KMH WKMH LA HGNH &L BNI 
&RWBH , AINM RAWIIM LMAMC KZH . &D $ARCWT HBRIT , BHNHGT HN$IA BW$ , 
LA TAMR L&CMH AT HAMT LGBI H$ALH " MH ANXNW &W$IM BMDBR HS&WDI " , TZKIR 
HTNHGWTH AT XMWRW $L RIDN . HLH MT MR&B KIWWN $LA H$KIL LBXWR BIN $TI 
&RIMWT $XT $HWNXW BPNIW . 

* 

LPNI KMH $BW&WT HZMINH LHQT XWBBIM $L HMW$BH HAMRIQAIT HQ@NH BRIAD QBWCT 
XIILIM $L CBA ARCWT HBRIT LHWP&H $N&RKH LKBWDM BBNIIN H$GRIRWT . AXRI 
M$A WMTN MMW$K N&NW $L@WNWT HCBA LBQ$TN $L R$TWT H@LWWIZIH HAMRIQAIWT 
LCLM AT HAIRW& HCB&WNI . HKTBIM NALCW LHTXIIB $LA LHQRIN TMWNWT $L N$IM 
BCD GBRIM , WLDLG &L AIBRIM X$WPIM . NCIG AXT HR$TWT $SIPR LI AT HSIPWR 
M&ID , $HMRAH BXWP TL ABIB NW&Z PI KMH MMH $HR$W L&CMN &QRWT HBIT HAMRIQAIWT 
$HWPI&W BAWTW LIL XMSIN S&WDI B$GRIRWT ARH"B . AP &L PI KN NZHRW HCLMIM 
$LA LHGBIH AT MCLMWTIHM M&L QRSWLIHN $L H$XQNIWT , WHTRKZW BT$WAWT WB$RIQWT 
H&IDWD $L HXIILIM MWKI H$I&MWM $ZKW LMNT BIDWR CNW&H . LMXRT HIWM CILCL 
H@LPWN BL$KTW $L MPQD HKWXWT HAMRIQAIIM , HGNRL $WWRCQWP . M&BRW H$NI 
$L HQW HIH HMLK PAHD BKBWDW WB&CMW . HWD MLKWTW LA ID& AT NP$W MRWB Z&M . 
HWA CPH B$IDWR HMWP& BR$T SI - AN - AN WLA IKWL HIH L&CWM &IN . " ICATM 
MD&TKM ? " $AL . " &K$IW TSPR MKWNT HT&MWLH $L SDAM XWSIIN $HS&WDIM 
HZMINW AT HAMRIQAIM KDI LH$XIT AT NP$WTIHM $L HMAMINIM HMWSLMIM " . BAWTW 
IWM PWRQH HLHQH . HIA HLKH BDRKH $L XNWT B$R HXZIR BMW$BH HAMRIQAIT WHTXNH 
LMMKR M$QAWT XRIPIM LDIPLWM@IM . AP$R KMWBN LL&WG L"INQIM " HMTRPSIM 
BPNI H$LI@IM HHWLLIM , HCBW&IM , $L S&WDIH , $BLI AWTM XIILIM AMRIQAIM 
XIIHM $WWIM KQLIPT H$WM . AP$R LNWD LM&CMH HXZQH B&WLM , M&WZ ZKWIWT 
HADM W$WWIWN HMINIM , $&L - PI DRI$T HMARXIM H&RBIM HWCIAH HWRAH HAWSRT 
&L XIILWT AMRIQAIWT LNHWG BMKWNIT MXWC LBSISI HCBA ( $MA IR&ILW AT MWXN 
$L N$WT S&WDIH ) . ABL AP$R $HAMRIQAIM LWMDIM BIMIM ALH PRQ X$WB BHBNT 
HMZRX HTIKWN . HTNHGWTM MZKIRH PWLI@IQAIM I$RALIM ( BINIHM KALH HLW&GIM 
HIWM LXIZWR HAMRIQAI AXRI HQWALICIH H&RBIT ) ZWLLI $RIMPS , HXWB$IM 
KIPH &L RA$M WM$XRIM LPTXM $L RBNIM AN@I - CIWNIM . M$BR HMPRC MLMD AT 
HAMRIQAIM , BDRK HQ$H , AT KLLI HM$XQ BAZWR HZH . SGN $R HXWC , BNIMIN 
NTNIHW , HWRH LNCIGI I$RAL BBIRWT H&WLM LHZKIR LD&T HQHL KI BNWBMBR 1791 
DXTH MM$LT GWLDH MAIR HXL@H $L MW&CT HBI@XWN L$GR LIRW$LIM M$LXT SQR , 
$TDWWX &L HHTII$BWT HIHWDIT HXD$H BMZRX IRW$LIM . HHXL@H LA HITH MTAP$RT 
KMWBN AILW H@ILH &LIH ARCWT HBRIT W@W . KK , BLI M$IM , MZKIR KAN NTNIHW 
KI AIN $WM XIDW$ B&MDH $NWQ@T ARH"B BIMIM ALH BNW$A IRW$LIM . WAWLM , 
HMQRH $L 1791 HWA BBXINT HIWCA MHKLL $AINW M&ID &L HKLL . AP $ARH"B 
HTNGDH MAZ WMTMID LC&DI HSIPWX $L I$RAL , HIA LA H$KILH LHBIN KI BH@ILH 
$WB W$WB W@W &L HXL@WT HAW"M , HIA MRGILH AT HCIBWR HI$RALI LHAMIN $AP$R 
LH$LIK HCDH AT HCHRWTIH BAWTW &NIIN &CMW . BHRCAH $N$A BXWD$ MARS @&N 
PRWPSWR IHW$P@ HRKBI KI BKK AIP$RH ARH"B LMM$LWT I$RAL WLCIBWR BARC LBC& 
M$GIM , $IWM AXD HM ALH $IIALCW L$LM AT HMXIR B&BWRM . HWA $LL AZ AT 
HTPISH $RWWXH BQRB PQIDIM AMRIQAIM RBIM , $LPIH HSKSWK HI$RALI - &RBI 
AINW B$L &DIIN LPTRWN . LD&TW , DXIIH LA T$PR AT HMCB . NHPWK HWA : 
KKL $XWLP HZMN IRBW HHTNXLWIWT HIHWDIWT WIGBR HPWNDMN@LIZM HAISLMI . 
HTNHGWTH $L ARCWT HBRIT BMW&CT HBI@XWN BPR$T HR HBIT ( NTNIHW @W&N $HAMRIQAIM 
AINM NBHLIM GM MHR&IWN LKNS LRA$WNH BTWLDWT AMNT ZNWWH AT HMDINWT HXTWMWT 
&LIH ) , HNXI$WT $GILH HMM$L B&NIIN HKWWNT H&WLIM WHKSPIM LI$RAL BGBWLWTIH 
HMCWMCMIM IITKN $ALH &DWIWT RA$WNWT LKK $HMM$L MBIN LA RQ AT AILWCI HQWALICIH 
$LW &M HMWSLMIM HADWQIM . AP$R $HAMRIQAIM MTXILIM LHBIN $HAILWCIM HQWALICIWNIIM 
$L $MIR &M HIMIN HQICWNI BLIKWD WMXWCH LW AINM ALA R&LH $I$ LHSIR AWTH . 
MNHIG IHWDI AMRIQAI X$WB $BIQ$ L$MWR &L &ILWM $MW AMR LI BAXRWNH , KI 
BMM$L MBINIM $MLIM AINN M$PI&WT &L $MIR . MH KN ? SNQCIWT , HWA AMR . 
SQR GALWP HAXRWN HRAH KI &MDH KZW $L HMM$L TIHNH MTMIKH MASIWWIT $L D&T 
HQHL . AP $RWB HAMRIQAIM ( % 24 ) MGLIM AHDH RBH IWTR LI$RAL MA$R L&RBIM 
( % 42 ) , RWBM HGDWL % 06 , KPWL MMSPR HMTNGDIM SBWR $&L ARH"B LHGBIR 
AT LXCH &L I$RAL LHGI& LP$RH , KDI LH$IG $LWM BAZWR . 

* 

NIW IWRQ ( AI - PI ) . DIIWID RWBINSWN QL& AWR LATMWL $IA QARIIRH , 
34 NQWDWT , WHC&ID AT SN AN@WNIW SPARS LNICXWN &L DNWWR 161351 . BXGIGH 
&L HSL $L DNWWR , $SPGH &D KH BMMWC& 251 NQWDWT LM$XQ , H$TTPW GM @RI 
QAMINGS &M 13 NQ W$WN ALIW@ 92 ( GM LW $IA QARIIRH ) . AWRLANDW WWLDRIDG 
QL& 73 NQ LNAG@S . $IQAGW BWLS H$IGW NICXWN RA$WN BMINIAPWLIS &L MINSW@H , 
6919 . GWRDN QL& RQ 71 NQ , AK KWKB HNICXWN HIH HRKZ HMXLIP BI . GII . 
ARMS@RWNG ( 41 NQ ) . DALAS H$IGH NICXWN GDWL BPILDLPIH &L HSIQSRS , 
401101 , K$RWI @ARPLI HIH $WB HBWL@ B$WRWT HMAWWRIQS &M 62 NQ . QLIWWLND 
GBRH &L $ARLW@ 00198 WD@RWI@ HTAW$$H MHHPSD BSIA@L &M NICXWN GDWL &L HQLIPRS 
BLWS ANGLS 01138 ( DWMARS 52 NQ ) . PINIQS SANS NICXW BBITM AT GWLDN 
S@II@ 621911 ( ADI GWNSWN QL& 53 LPINIQS ) . KRIS MWLIN QL& 03 LWWRIIRS . 


* 

ARB& QBWCWT I$RALIWT ITMWDDW HIWM WMXR BSIBWB HRA$WN $L GBI&I AIRWPH BKDWR&P . 
HALWP MKBI TL ABIB I$XQ MXR BQPRISIN NGD SLMINH PMGWS@H , BM$XQ GWMLIN 
BGBI& HALWPWT ( 30 LMKBI BM$XQ HRA$WN ) . HPW&L BT IM , $NWCX BM$XQ 
HRA$WN BIDI GNQ RWZNSL HBLGIT 03 , IQIIM H&RB AT HGWMLIN , GM KN BBLGIH . 
ALWPT HN$IM , HPW&L M@H A$R , TQIIM AT $NI M$XQIH &M ANW@WNIWS HRN@ALS 
BBLGIH , BGBI& HALWPWT . H&RB IHIH HM$XQ HRA$WN WMXRTIIM HGWMLIN . N$I 
HPW&L &MQ IZR&AL ITMWDDW BMWC"$ , BGWRN IZR&AL , &M GALA@ASRI AIS@NBWL 
BGBI& HHTAXDWT HAIRWPIT . BM$XQ HRA$WN NICXW H@WRQIWT 30 . 

* 

LWNDWN ( RWI@R ) . MRKZ HKWBD $L HLIGH HANGLIT &WBR H$BT MHCMRT LTXTIT , 
MHMWBILH LIWWRPWL LIRIBTH H&IRWNIT AWWR@WN , HMDWRGT 71 WMNSH LHIXLC 
MHMCWQH BHNHGT MNHLH HXD$ - I$N HWWARD QNDL . HWA PR$ MTPQIDW BMNCS@R 
SI@I RQ LPNI $LW$H IMIM , KDI LHXLIP AT QWLIN HARWWI $I$M$ M&TH SGNW . 
QNDL , " HM$IX HXD$ " B&INI AWHDI AWWR@WN , IXL BMIBC& HHCLH BM$XQ 
XWC $IHIH MXR NGD SWGRT H@BLH , $PILD IWNII@D , &DIIN LLA NICXWN . 
AWWR@WN H$IGH H&WNH $NI NICXWNWT BLBD B - 11 M$XQIH . BTQWPT HZWHR $LH 
HWBIL AWTH QNDL L$TI ALIPWIWT LIGH , LZKIH BGBI& HANGLI WBGBI& AIRWPH 
LMXZIQWT GBI& . HM$IMH $L LIWWRPWL , NGD LW@WN BANPILD , NRAIT QLH WP$W@H 
IWTR &L AP HI&DRW HCPWI $L GWN BARNS HPCW& . NICXWN IB@IX LH ITRWN BN 
4 NQWDWT , LPXWT , BPISGH . IRIBTH H&IQRIT ARSNL TITQL BQ$IIM BDRBI 
HLWNDWNI NGD QRIS@L PALAS , HMDWRGT RBI&IT . @W@NHAM , HMPGRT B - 5 
NQWDWT AXRI ARSNL BMQWM H$LI$I , TARX AT WWIMBLDWN . PI@R RID HWWTIQ , 
$HXLIP ZMNIT AT QWLIN HARWWI , IWBIL BIWM A AT MNCS@R SI@I LM$XQ HXWC 
$LH BLIDS . ITR M$XQI HMXZWR MXR : CLSI NWRIC , SAWTHMP@WN Q . P . 
R . , SNDRLND QWBN@RI , AS@WN WILH NW@INGHAM , DRBI MNCS@R IWNII@D . 
IHIH MIPG$ HMWQD BIN HALWPH GLAZGW RIINGRS LMWLIKH DNDI IWNII@D , $TI 
QBWCWT $NXLW $L$WM AKZBWT BGBI&I AIRWPH ( DNDI IWNII@D HWBSH BBITH 40 
BIDI ARNHM MHWLND WRIINGRS SIIMH RQ 11 BBIT &M HKWKB HADWM BLGRAD ) . 


* 

HM$LXT HI$RALIT LALIPWT H&WLM BHRMT M$QWLWT ICAH ATMWL LBWDAP$@ , $M 
IXLW MXR HTXRWIWT . HM$LXT KWLLT $LW$H M$QWLAIM . $NIIM MHM ICAW ATMWL , 
RAWBN XDIN@WB WPLIQS TWMRIN , $ITXRW BM$QL &D 06 Q"G . ALIHM IC@RP 
BTXILT H$BW& HBA AIGWR DNDIQ , HNX$B BIN H@WBIM B&WLM BM$QL &D 001 Q"G . 
HMAMN HWA BWRIS QWD$BIC . ZW HP&M HRA$WNH $BALIPWT ZW THIH BDIQT SMIM 
R@RWAQ@IWWIT , LXCI $NH HAXRWNH , KK $SBIR KI HHI$GIM IHIW HP&M PXWT 
@WBIM . 

* 

LWNDWN ( RWI@R ) . HWDP KDWR HBRZL HAMRIQAI RNDI BARNS &LWL LHPSID 
IWTR MXCI MILIWN DWLR , AM AMNM IALC LHI&DR MP&ILWT $NTIIM BGLL H$&IH 
&L $IMW$ BSMIM . H$IAN H&WLMI WB&L MDLIIT HKSP HAWLIMPIT GILH H$BW& KI 
HWA M$TKR K - 051 ALP DWLR L$NH , WMQBL &WD K - 011 DWLR L$NH MXWZI PRSWMT . 
BARNS HW$&H IXD &M BWC RIINWLDS , H$IAN H&WLMI B - 004 M@R WB&L MDLIIT 
KSP AWLIMPIT . $NI HATL@IM HMW$&IM MKXI$IM BTWQP $IMW$ BSMIM . 

* 

AWRX H$BW& BTXZIT HLAWMIT HWA Q$R H&BR HBIN - LAWMI $L MKBI TL ABIB , 
IRWN &WZ . BN 83 WXCI . HIH $XQN MPTX BMKBI TL ABIB WZKH &MW BKMH TWARI 
ALIPWT WGBI& . HIH AXD HBWL@IM BNBXRT I$RAL $HWPI&H BAWLIMPIADT MWN@RIAWL 
B - 6791 , BHDRKT HMAMN DWD $WIICR . ANI CWPH NICXWN BITI LMKBI XIPH 
&L HPW&L PTX TQWH , BM$XQ HMRKZI $IXL BQRIT ALI&ZR B - 1630 . XIPH 
BNWIH @WB , &WMDT NKWN BMGR$ , I$ LH XWLIIT QI$WR MCWIINT W$NI XLWCIM 
$IWD&IM LHBQI& , WMBQI&IM . HIA TRCH LXZWR L&CMH AXRI HPSDH BIMQ"A . 
LMRWT $BIT"R IRW$LIM RA$WN B@BLH , ANI MHMR &L NICXWN $L BAR $B& ( B$&H 
HRA$IT 1430 ) , BGLL HBITIWT WGM MPNI $L$XQNI BAR $B& THIH $APTNWT 
MIWXDT LNCX AT HMWLIK . RAITI AT HPW&L TL ABIB WLD&TI I$ LW QBWCH @WBH 
GM BLI SINI . CPWI TIQW BDRBI HZH &M BIT"R ( M$XQ HMWQD BBLWMPILD 03 . 
61 ) , ALA AM KN IKRI& AT HKP HNISIWN $L BIT"R . HPW&L IRW$LIM WMKBI 
NTNIH HM PXWT AW IWTR BRMH $WWH$&9P ( HM$XQ HRA$WN BBLWMPILD 1430 ) 
. ANI MHMR &L NTNIH MPNI $I$ LH HTQPH $MSWGLT LNCX WHM$XQ LA IHIH BIMQ"A . 
ANI XW$B $MKBI TL ABIB XIIB LNCX BM$XQ HXWC MWL CPRIRIM XWLWN ( HIXID 
$IHIH KBD HIWM ) . MKBI @WB IWTR , MSWGL LNCX BXWC WAILW BXWLWN $XQNI 
HRK$ &DIIN LA HTAQLMW . BNI IHWDH INCX BBIT AT HPW&L KPR SBA . HWA @WB 
IWTR WIHNH MITRWN HBITIWT . KIWM KPR SBA HIA AXT M$TI HXL$WT BLIGH . 
AXT HB&IWT $LH HIA HGNTH HXDIRH . 

* 

LIIPCIG ( RWI@R ) . $L@WNWT &IRIIT LIIPCIG &LWLIM LB@L AT HM$XQ HAXRWN 
BIN NBXRWT MZRX WM&RB GRMNIH , &QB HAIWM BALIMWT MCD AWHDI KDWRGL AMR 
ATMWL DWBR H&IRIH . " ANW MWDAGIM MAWD LGBI HB@XWN , AMR HDWBR , RIINHARD@ 
BWHZ , BHTIIXSW LM$XQ HM$XQ HAXRWN BIN $TI HNBXRWT HGRMNIWT , LPNI $TWQM 
NBXRT MAWXDT , AMWR LHTQIIM KAN B - 12 BNWBMBR . B$BT HAXRWNH IRTH M$@RT 
LIIPCIG BADM AXD LMWWT WPC&H Q$H $LW$H AXRIM , BNSIWN LBLWM H$TWLLWT 
AWHDI KDWRGL B&IR . KMH IMIM QWDM LKN H$TWLLW BLWKSMBWRG AWHDI KDWRGL 
MM&RB GRMNIH . 

* 

MRKZ HPW&L AWSR &L $XQNI HPW&L BIT $AN LHWPI& &M SR@ $XWR ( LZKRW $L 
MAIR KHNA ) BM$XQ &M HPW&L AWM AL - PAXM BLIGH A MXWZ CPWN , $IHIH H$BT . 
MNK"L HPW&L I&QB ABIMWR HBHIR ATMWL LMZKIR MW&CT PW&LI BIT $AN PINI QBLW 
$AM H$XQNIM IMM$W AT AIWMM L&NWD SR@ $XWR WL&MWD DQT DWMIH , HM IW&MDW 
LDIN M$M&TI BPNI W&DT HM$M&T H&LIWNH $L MRKZ HPW&L . QBLW AMR $HNHLT HPW&L 
BIT $AN MTIIXST BXWMRH RBH WMBI&H $A@ NP$ MHR&IWN $L KMH $XQNI HQBWCH 
L&MWD DQT DWMIH WL&NWD SR@ $XWR BM$XQ NGD AWM AL - PAXM . MZKIR MW&CT 
HPW&LIM WHNHLT HPW&L BIT $AN , HWDI&W $H$XQNIM $N@LW &LIHM IWZMH AI$IT , 
BNIGWD LD&T HHNHLH , IW&MDW LBIRWR M$M&TI . 

* 

$XQNI MKBI RA$WN LCIWN HCLIXW LZKWT BNICXWN NWSP , HP&M &L HPW&L GBT 
H&MQ , LAXR M$XQ XL$ $HSTIIM BITRWN $L 6 NQWDWT BLBD ( 8929 ) . $XQNI 
RA$WN LCIWN LA HIW ATMWL B$IAM , AK LMZLM NICBH MWLM QBWCT TXTIT , KK 
$GM IKWLT PXWT MBINWNIT HSPIQH HLM LZKWT BNICXWN $HW$G LAXR BMAMC $L HRG&IM 
HAXRWNIM . DQH W - 14 $NIWT LSIWM HWBILW $XQNI RA$WN LCIWN BITRWN $L 
0919 BLBD , WRQ IKWLT @WBH $L XIIM ZLW@IQMN WIWGIN BNQS HWTIRH AT HNICXWN 
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5 &BIRWT , MI&@ LZRWQ WLKN GM CBR M&@ NQWDWT . MW@I ARWAS@I $IXQ M&@ . 
HAXRIM , LRBWT ANDRW SPNSR , HIW RXWQIM MKW$RM H@WB . MNGD , DWWQA 
$XQNI GBT HPTI&W BM$XQ LXIMH , KA$R B$WRWTIHM BL@W RWBR@S WARIH RWZNBRG . 
LA XSR HRBH $IXWLLW HPT&H GDWLH . 

* 

SIWM M$XQ HNICXWN $L HPW&L IRW$LIM &L HGLIL &$W HAWRXIM MHCPWN DRKM LXDR 
HHLB$H , K$AR$T PNIHM K&WSH . SDRN , $H&IR LHM &L H$TWLLWT QLH MCDM , 
X@P MHLWMT AGRWP MBRAD LIP . &WZR MAMN HPW&L IRW$LIM GDI QIDR , $NQL& 
LMQWM , SPG AGRWP WB&I@H MWWIIN QMBL WAIBD AT HKRTW . DQWT XRDH &BRW 
&L AN$I IRW$LIM &D $QIDR XZR LHKRH MLAH . HWA GM NXBL Q$H BSN@RW WHWBHL 
LBIT XWLIM . HM$@RH &CRH LXQIRH AT WWIIN QMBL WBRAD LIP , $KNRAH I$WXRRW 
BTWM HXQIRH . 

* 

MZH TQWPH ARWKH I$ BIRDN MGMH MAD XZQH $L GWRMIM PWNDMLIS@IIM . HDBR 
BA LIDI B@WI BWL@ BBXIRWT $HIW BNWBMBR A$TQD . LM&$H , H$L@WN HIRDNI 
HNIX LARGWNIM HRDIQLIIM HALH LQIIM MWSDWT S&D M$LHM , $@IPXW AT H$KBWT 
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HBI@XWN ) NMNW &L HMXBLIM , ZH M&ID &L KK $GM QICWNIIM AISLMIM RDIQLIIM , 
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$L HMLK . ZH LIBW $L HGWP $XWSIIN NSMK &LIW . AM MDWBR &DIIN BBWDDIM , 
MCBW $L HMLK AINNW XMWR , ABL IITKN $AN$I HGIHAD HAISLMI , $IZMW AT 
HP&WLH , BIQ$W LHKWT AT HM$@R &"I BXIRT XBRI XWLIH HNMNIM &L HGWP HNAMN 
BIWTR LMLK . NITN LLMWD MKK $LXWSIIN AIN T$WBH LTHLIKIM HPNIMIIM HMTRX$IM 
BARCW . 

* 

TWK 3 DQWT BPTIXH HIH HP&R $XWLWN NISTH LMXWQ KL HMI$XQ , WLA HCLIXH . 
BMXCIT HIH HHPR$ DWMH ( 5473 ) : GM BSIWM : 6887 . NICXWN NWSP LMKBI 
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AIN SWPI LMAMNI HALWP . GMCI QL& RQ 2 NQWDWT , HWR@WN 4 NQWDWT WHNPLD 
6 NQWDWT ( RIBAWND AXD W - 2 ASIS@IM ) . TPWQH DLH KZW M$LW$H $XQNIM , 
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LMKBI AT HITRWN &D HSWP . BDQH H - 33 &WD HIH 0756 LMKBI K$BWGIN HIH 
HAI$ $L XWLWN , ABL MRSR DAG LP&R MB@IX 6756 WSIMS SIIM BMI@WWX M$LW . 


* 

BLGRAD ( RWI@R ) . HSIBWB H$NI $L GBI&I AIRWPH HW$LM AM$ , BHTMWDDWT 
BGBI& AWP"A , BH NICXH PR@IZN BLGRAD AT RIAL SWSIIDAD 54 BB&I@WT HKR&H 
M - 11 M@RIM . PR@IZN NICXH 10 BTWM HM$XQ WGMLH BZH LSPRDIM $NICXW 10 
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40 W&LTH L$LB HBA B@WRNIR HALWPWT , AXRI 00 BM$XQ HRA$WN BRWMNIH . AMADWRH 
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&LW BZKWT NICXWN 20 . BGBI& AWP"A NICXH SWWILIH BSPRD AT @WRPDW MWSQWWH 
21 , AK HRWSIM NICXH LPNI KN BMWSQWWH 31 W&LW . 

* 

N MWRALI X$WB H$IG HPW&L TL ABIB BM$XQ $LA HT&LH LRMH GBWHH WALMLA HMABQ 
HCMWD WHSIWM HDRMA@I , LPNI HHARKH , HWA HIH MWKTR KMAKZB . HPW&L , 
LMRWT $LI@H MWXL@T BKDWRIM HXWZRIM , LA MIM$ ITRWN ZH L&$IIT NQWDWT . 
$XQNIW HGBWHIM , @RI WGIBSWN , HX@IAW K@IRWNIM MTXT LSL , K$GIBSWN 
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. HAKZBH BAH DWWQA MBINW , $LA HCLIX LHTMWDD &M GBWHI HPW&L , WM&W$H 
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RDP SL WBDQH H - 83 HWRH LWX HTWCAWT &L $WWIWN 18, 75 $NIWT LSIWM HIH 
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LSIWM LA $INTH DBR WHQBWCWT HTIICBW LHARKH . BHARKH NRATH BMGR$ QBWCH 
AXT BLBD , HPW&L TL ABIB . 61 NQWDWT $LH MWL 4 $L RMT GN &$W AT HHBDL . 


* 

MXIRI HZHB IRDW ATMWL BMQCT BLWNDWN B&QBWT HIRIDH BMXIRI HNP@ . MXIRI 
HZHB NSXRW ATMWL B@WWX MCWMCM BIWTR $L 53 DWLR LAWNQIIH , WAM KI B$LB 
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GM MXIRI HKSP WHPL@INH IRDW ATMWL BLWNDWN , B$I&WRIM MTWNIM , B&QBWT 
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WHPL@INH &LW BMSXR HMAWXR BNIW IWRQ B&QBWT HTAW$$WT MXIRI HNP@ BARH"B . 
&LIWT ALW HIW MTWNWT , AK BL@W NWKX H&WBDH KI HIW BNIGWD LMGMH $RWWXH 
B$WQ BNIW IWRQ M$K MRBIT $&WT HMSXR . MXIRI HNP@ NPLW BKDWLR LXBIT BAIRWPH . 
IRIDWT ALW NM$KW 
BM$K MRBIT $&WT HMSXR , AM KI LQRAT SGIRT HBWRSWT NIKRH MGMH MSWIMT $L 
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LAXR H&LIIH HXDH 
$L IWM D . MXIRI HKWTNH QPCW BIWM D B&QBWT IDI&WT &L &ISQWT ICWA GDWLWT 
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LRKW$ ALWMINIWM &QB RMT HMXIRIM HA@RQ@IWWIT , WLMRWT MIMW$ RWWXIM BAMC& 
IWM HMSXR , &LH ATMWL MXIR HALWMINIWM BIWTR M04 DWLR L@WNH BSIKWM HIWMI . 
BMXIR RKZ HTPWZIM NR$MW ATMWL IRIDWT , KTIQWN @KNI LAXR H&LIIH HXDH $L 
IWM D . 


* 

" GLIL NPL BIDI IRW$LIM . XNIKIW $L IWRM XRW$ NICXW BM$XQ HMRKZI $L 
HMXZWR H - 8 AT SGN HALWP MHCPWN 0776 , LAXR MABQ MWR@ &CBIM , $NSTIIM 
BTQRIT MKW&RT MAXWRI HQL&IM . AXRI HNICXWN &L MKBI TL ABIB BMWCAI $BT , 
NRAH L$XQNI HGLIL $HM BDRK HNKWNH , ABL LIRW$LIM $$MRH &L HPISGH , 
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NICXWN LA M$KN& &L HPW&L XWLWN 6887 . AD HWR@WN $IXQ RQ 5 DQWT WAWLI 
&M HXLPTW IZWZ M$HW BID ALIHW . MKBI RA$WN LCIWN NALC LHABQ &D LSIWM 
MWL HPW&L GBT H&MQ , ABL HNICXWN N$AR BBIT 8929 WRA$WN AWXZ &DIIN BMQWM 
H - 2 . HPW&L TL ABIB HXZIR L&CMW AT HHPSD HBITI NGD IRW$LIM BNICXWN XWC 
BKPR HMKBIH &L MKBI RMT GN 5938 ( LAXR HARKH ) . HRMT GNIM &DIIN LA 
NICXW BKPR HMKBIH H&WNH . MKBI XIPH H$IG NICXWN XWC &L BIT"R T"A 9958 , 
$$IPR AT M&MDW BMRKZ H@BLH . BIT"R HTNXM B&ZIBT HMQWM HAXRWN . 

* 

, 2 $QL &L IDI W&DT HM$M&T $L AIGWD HKDWRSL B&QBWT HTQRIT $HITH BSIWM 
HMI$XQ $LW BRA$WN LCIWN . KN HW@L &L HQBWCH &WN$ $L $NI MI$XQI RDIWS 
&L TNAI ( 52 Q"M ) L$NH . A . S . RMT H$RWN NQNSH GM HIA B - 500 , 
2 $QL WHW@L &LIH &WN$ HRXQH M - 4 MI$XQIM &L TNAI L$NH , B&QBWT HTPR&WT 
AWHDIM AXRI HMI$XQ NGD BIT"R T"A . ZWPR ABDIH , $XQN HXIZWQ HIWGWSLWWI , 
HWRXQ L$NI MI$XQIM &L TNAI . 

* 

@RIQ WII@ , $HLK L&WLMW LA MKBR BAWS@RLIH MWLDTW , WA$R I$ MI $MX$IBIM 
AWTW KGDWL HSWPRIM $L ZMNNW , LA MNH AT " PS " ( WLA " WS " ) &M 
HRWMANIM H@WBIM BIWTR $LW . ZAT W&WD , MRMZIM $HWA MPZR BSPRW HAW@WBIWGRPI 
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ALA MSIKH . " PS " AINW $M $NBXR BMQRH , KMW GM $MWT AXRIM BSPR HZH . 
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$KN HIA MWWTRT &L XII XBRH WNI$WAIN , N&$IT MWRH BBIT SPR LBNWT WLWB$T 
$XWRIM KAXT HNZIRWT . M&NIIN BIWTR HWA HPRQ HMSIIM AT HSPR HMPGI$ BIN 
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" HWA HIH IWTR MADM , HWA HIH NWCRI " . " PWS " HWA SPR Q$H LQRIAH , 
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BMQWM WLA IKWL HIH LD&T . ABL GAD $BGD , LMD AT HDBRIM BDRK $L HARH 
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&M HMCIAWT P$W@ WMIIDI WXD - M$M&I , HWA AIPWA HAI$ $NMCA RAWI LKK $I&ID 
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MHIMN WKDI $IWKL LH&ID , CRIK HIH $II$AR BXIIM . HDBR H$NI HMTBHR KAN 
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LHI$M& MWPRKT , WLPIKK A&IR KAN H&RH $AINH MMIN H&NIIN . RWMAN $HMW@IWWACIH 
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$CW@@W L&IL , M$IBIM &L H$ALH BDBR HMW@IWWACIH . P@RIQ WII@ KTB AT 
HAGDH &L PWS , MPNI $HW@RD BGINH . WM$WM $HIH GRMNIS@ WTRBWTH $L GRMNIH 
HITH QRWBH MAWD LLBW MCA &CMW KPWI L&SWQ BMHWT $L HGRMNIWT WLTT T$WBH 
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" PWS " GM AXRT WLHBIN AT DMWTW KHTGLMWTH $L HNP$ HGRMNIT : HPGANIWT , 
$KNGDH HWA MCIG KAN AT HNCRWT , AINH MAPIINT RQ AT HILIDIM HQANIBLIM , 
ALA GM AT PWS , HGRMNI HMGALWMAN , HAI$ M$WLL HRXMIM , AI$ AKZR WDWRSNI 
HMAMIN KI AIN GBWLWT LKWXW , WKI I$ BIKWLT HADM LD&T HKL , HAI$ HIWCA 
LKBW$ @RI@WRIH WMQRIB &L MZBX $APTNWTW XSRT HM&CWRIM XII ADM BLA $IXW$ 
C&R AW XR@H . AIN PLA BKK , $HR&IWN LKTIBT " PWS " &LH &L D&TW $L WII@ 
DWWQA BTQWPT MLXMT H&WLM H$NIIH WBMDBR HM&RBI , BZMN HQRBWT NGD RWML . 
AM HBLI& KAN WII@ AT A$R H@RIDW BAWTW ZMN MTXT LQLIPWTIW $L RWMAN HIS@WRI , 
KBIKWL , AWDISIAH MWDRNIT , AW ALTWRIM &L MXZH PASIWN , LA IIPLA $MCA 
LNKWN L$WB WL&SWQ BKK BMPWR$ BRWMAN GDWL AXR $LW , AWLI AXD HRWMANIM 
HGDWLIM $NKTBW BZMN MN HZMNIM , B"IWRDI HMRKBH " , SPR $MTXT LM&@H HMIS@I 
$LW , HWA HIGD &MWQ WRB - &WCMH &L HAN@I$MIWT WH$WAH . 

* 

BHKNWTIW L$MIRT HSDR B&T MS& HLWWIIT MAIR KHNA , H&MID BPNI &CMW PIQWD 
HM$@RH , BIN HI&DIM HAXRIM AK BDRGH $L &DIPWT , AT HHGNH &L H&ITWNAIM 
$HIW AMWRIM LSQR AT HHLWWIH . MH $QRH $L$WM BIRW$LIM HWKIX KI HX$$WT 
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HHLWWIH , IXD &M M@RWT AXRWT : &RBIM $NQRW LNTIB MS& HHLWWIH AW AP PWLI@IQAIM , 
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NG& HHTPR&WIWT &L RQ& LAWMNI MN HCD HIHWDI , HWPKIM PRCI $NAH NGD NCIGI 
HTQ$WRT $KIXIM IWTR WLAXRWNH AP MTB@A HDBR BTQIPH PISIT $L &ITWNAIM . 
HP&M , B&T MS& HHLWWIH , HITH HPWR&NWT Q$H BAWPIH WB&ZWTH , WKMH 
BRIWNIM AP CRW &L BNIIN H@LWWIZIH HI$RALIT MTWK KWWNH LHCITW . AIN H&ITWNAIM 
DWR$IM L&CMM ZKWIWT MIWXDWT WGM LA HGNH MIWXDT M@&M MWSDWT HMIW&DIM L$MIRT 
HXWQ BTI - HM$P@ WHM$@RH . AK MGI&H LHM HGNH , KPI $MGI& LKL AZRX HNMCA 
BSKNH . HGNH KZW , $TKLITH LAP$R LAN$IM ALH LMLA AT TPQIDM , MGI&H 
L&ITWNAIM KMW $MGI&H L&WBDI CIBWR , $W@RIM , AW PWLI@IQAIM . DRI$H 
KZW AP$R LHPNWT LMWPQDIM &L $MIRT HXWQ WHSDR BMDINH WALH , I$ LQWWT , 
I&$W HKL LMNI&TH $L HTWP&H WL&NI$H MXMIRH $L ALH $IIMCAW A$MIM BII$WMH . 
I$ GM @&M L&WRR AT T$WMT HLB LHLWK RWX MSWIM HMAP$R LBRIWNIM ALH LRAWT 
B&ITWNAI I&D LTWQPNWT . B$NIM HAXRWNWT , AWLI MXMT HH$TQPWT HLA M&WDDT 
$L HMCIAWT BKLI HTQ$WRT , MTPTXT BXLQ $L HCIBWR TXW$T &WINWT , AW LPXWT 
HSTIIGWT GLWIH , MTQ$WRT ALQ@RWNIT WKTWBH . HSTIIGWT ZW , HBAH LIDI 
BI@WI BAMIRH " BKL A$MH HTQ$WRT " , BWWDAI MZINH AT HBRIWN HMXP$ M@RWT 
LKLWT BHN AT Z&MW . HCIBWR BI$RAL NHNH M&ITWNWT XWP$IT WBLTI TLWIH , 
HM$PI&H &LIW MID& RB WMHWWH NDBK MRKZI BT$TIT HDMWQR@IT $L HMDINH . H&ITWNWT 
M&WRH BKL MRQMI HXBRH WHPWLI@IQH WB&CM QIWMH WP&ILWTH HMTMDT , HPKH L$WMR 
HMWBHQ $L AWPIH HXWP$I WHPTWX $L HXBRH . DWWQA M$WM AWPIH H&IRNI WHBIQWRTI 
NW@H XLQ MN HCIBWR LIIXS LH TKWNWT $L GWRM HMSKN AT $LWM HXBRH WAP RWAH 
BH AWIB . KMH MNHIGIM PWLI@IIM $BAW X$BWN BPWMBI &M H&ITWNWT &$W LA M&@ 
LICIRT DIMWI ZH . ALA $ALH HRWDPIM HIWM &ITWNAIM AINM MBXINIM BIN IMIN 
W$MAL , BIN &ITWNWT KTWBH WALQ@RWNIT , BIN &ITWNWT MBDRT L&ITWNWT XWQRT . 
AM I$ M&@H AIDIAWLWGI MAXWRI $ISWI HBRIWNIM B&ITWNWT , TKLITW AXT LHCMIT 
AT AWRX HXIIM HLIBRLI WAT HM$@R HDMWQR@I . KDAI LHZKIR KI KLLI HDMWQR@IH 
AINM TKWNH HMWPNMT BH$QPT &WLMN $L KMH TNW&WT LAWMNIWT WMPLGWT DTIWT 
GM AM MXMT HNSIBWT HN NALCWT L$XQ AT HM$XQ &L - PI KLLIM ALH . H&ITWNWT 
TM$IK LMLA AT TPQIDH , GM AM HTNAIM IQ$W &L KK . LA BGLL ALIMWT WBRIWNWT 
II&LM H&ITWNAI HMDWWX WHMSQR MZIRT HAIRW&IM . I$ RQ LDRW$ WLQWWT KI DMM 
$L &ITWNAIM LA ITR , KI BKK HDBR LA ISTIIM . AXRI &ITWNAIM IHIW ALH 
HPWLI@IQAIM , H$W@RIM WH$WP@IM , WHDBR IBIA LQRIST HMRQM HXBRTI KWLW . 


* 

HMTX BIN $R HXWC DWD LWI W$R HBINWI ARIAL $RWN GBR BAXRWNH , LAXR $$RWN 
SIRB LHARIK AT MINWIW $L CBI SLWCQI , MRA$I MXNH LWI , KMNHL MXWZ XIPH 
BM$RD HBINWI WH$IKWN . SLWCQI , $HWA XBR MRKZ HLIKWD , MWNH &L IDI 
LWI KMNHL - BPW&L $L MXWZ XIPH . K$NKNS $RWN LM$RD H$IKWN PWRSM MKRZ 
LTPQID . BINTIIM PG MINWIW $L SLWCQI KMNHL - BPW&L , W$RWN SIRB LHARIK 
AT MINWIW . BMQWMW MINH AT SGNW , WILI QRP , $AP HWA MTMWDD BMKRZ , 
$TWCAWTIW IIWWD&W B - 82 BXWD$ ZH . H&NIIN &WRR AT XMTW $L LWI , WLPNI 
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$RWN . LWI Z&M WQRA BQWL " AM TG&W BSLWCQI THIH MLXMT &WLM " . HAIWM 
LA H$PI& &L $RWN . BKIRIM BMXNH LWI , $RAW KICD MTIIXS $RWN AL SLWCQI , 
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BXBRWT H$IKWN HMM$LTIWT WBM$RD H$IKWN " KDBRIHM . HM @&NW KI M&MDM NMCA 
&TH BSKNH , &QB QIRBTM LLWI , WKI $R HXWC &CMW AINW NXLC LHGN &LIHM . 
HM AMRW KI BLIT BRIRH INSW LGIIS TMIKH $L XWGIM BMPLGH NGD HDXWT $RWN . 
H$R $RWN &WMD LMNWT BQRWB AT MQWRBW , AHRN GRIN$@IIN , KIW"R 
XBRT " LWRM " , XBRH LPITWX LWD - RMLH . GRIN$@IIN , HMKHN KSGN RA$ 
&IRIIT BNI BRQ , HWA XBR MRKZ HLIKWD . BAXRWNH MINH $RWN AT XBR MRKZ 
HLIKWD , XIIM BA$RI , KSMNK"L " LWRM " . KN &WMD $RWN LMNWT AT LIMWR 
LBNT , XBRT MRKZ HLIKWD WP&ILH BMXNH $RWN , KIW"R MRKZ HBNIIH . $RWN 
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BM$RH $TIRAH LW HWDI&H HMPD"L L$MIR KI NCIGH BWW&DT HKSPIM , X"K BIBI , 
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SGN H$R BIBI AL &MITW APRIM GWR , KK $AM L$NIHM AIN HRBH SMKWIWT , AWLI 
IWKLW LHSTWBB IXD WLXSWK AIZH " WWLBW " WL$KH . BTWM I$IBH SW&RT , 
HXLI@H H$BW& HNHLT SI&T HLIKWD LCRP AT HX"K HXD$ , XIIM QWPMN , LWW&DT 
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$L HX"K L$&BR ZLMN $WBL , AK HSI&H HXLI@H LDXWT AT HHXL@H B&NIIN . X"KIM 
AXDIM @&NW BHNHLT HSI&H KI RIBLIN PSWL KXBR BWW&DT XWC WBI@XWN MPNI $LA 
H$TTP H$BW& BHCB&H BMLIAT HKNST &L HSRT XSINWTW $L X"K MWXMD MI&ARI . 
X"K CXI HNGBI @&N KI RIBLIN AINW RAWI LPRS &L HTNHGWTW HMXPIRH , $BH 
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AT H@&NH KI AI MINWIW LWW&DT XWC WBI@XWN HWA &WN$ PWLI@I . RIBLIN HA$IM 
" X"KIM IRW$LMIM ( QRI : HNGBI , QWRPW , WIHW$& MCA ) HMNCLIM AT 
M&MDM BHNHLT HSI&H , KDI LMNW& KL AP$RWT $IKHN BXBR BWW&DT XWC WBI@XWN . 
RIBLIN AMR KI &L PI SIKWM $N&RK &IMW H$BW& IC@RPW HX " KIM QWPMN WIHWDH 
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LA RQ MXWC LWW&DT XWC WBI@XWN , ALA , GM LA KMMLA - MQWM XBR QBW& BWW&DT 
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BIN M$RDI $BH M&WRBIM M$RDI HT&$IH WHMSXR , AIKWT HSBIBH WHAWCR . TWKNIT 
HAWCR HITH $M$RD HT&$IIH IPNH AT HM$RDIM $HWA MXZIQ B"BNIIN DWD " BRXWB 
QRN HISWD BIRW$LIM WI&BIRM LMIBNH AXR SMWK WLBNIIN HRA$I $L HM$RD . LBNIIN 
DWD AMWRIM HIW L&BWR M$RDI AIKWT HSBIBH . BM$RD LAIKWT HSBIBH LA HTLHBW 
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WHAXRAI &L HDIWR , NTN R@NR , WNCIGI AGP HTQCIBIM BAWCR , HWDI&W NCIGI 
TM"S KI AIN LHM M$ABIM LBC& AT M&BR M$RDIHM MBNIIN AXD LMI$NHW . BI$IBH 
HWXL@ KI HM$RD LAIKWT HSBIBH I$LM LM$RD HT&$IIH WHM$RD XCI MILIWN $"X 
&BWR MRKZIIT H@LPWNIM $L TM"S $TW&BR IXD &M HMBNH LR$WT HM$RD LAIKWT HSBIBH . 
MRINWB Z&M &L HHXL@H , WBM$RD LAIKWT HSBIBH @&NW KI LA IMLAW AWTH . 
AGP HX$B HKLLI BAWCR TWMK B&MDT HM$RD LAIKWT HSBIBH WAILW BAGP HTQCIBIM 
BAWCR MCDDIM B&MDH HHPWKH . BM$RD LAIKWT HSBIBH HTLWCCW H$BW& WHCI&W 
LTM"S LH&BIR AT HMRKZIIH LBNIIN HXD$ , " WANW KBR NWKL LHSTDR BKWXWT 
&CMNW " . HPRSWMIM &L AWDWT HMTIXWT HRBH BIXSIM $BIN HNHLT BNQ 
I$RAL WCIBWR H&WBDIM MDAIGIM AT HNGID W&WZRIW . MCB BLTI TQIN ZH BIXSI 
H&BWDH MQRIN GM &L HIXSIM BDRGIM HBKIRIM $L HBNQ . MBQRI HHNHLH MBIN 
H&WBDIM @W&NIM KI AIN MWRG$T ID $L CWWT MKWWN . XBRI HHNHLH , L@&NT 
HMBQRIM , M$XQIM " RA$ Q@N " , KL AXD L&CMW . &K$IW K$PRC BMLWA &WCMTW 
HSKSWK &M H&WBDIM &WMDIM RWB XBRI HHNHLH MN HCD WAINM MT&RBIM , @W&NIM 
H&WBDIM . WBINTIIM MM$IK W&D H&WBDIM LHM@IR &L XBRIW XWZRIM HMWPNIM NGD 
HHNHLH . BXWZR $HWPC LPNI IMIM MSPR BIN KL &WBDI HBNQ NAMR , BIN H$AR , 
KI B"MP&L SWLTM $ISTH HHNHLH KLBIM B&WBDIM , WKAN HIA M$SH QBWCWT &WBDIM 
AXT B$NIIH . BSWLTM RA$ HMP&L QIBL &L &CMW AXRIWT LMXDLIM $HM PXWTIM 
MH&WWLWT HNIHWLIWT $MBC&T HNHLT HBNQ . " GD&WN $WR , MNHL MXLQT HHSBRH 
BBNQ , AMR BTGWBH : " KL XBRI HHNHLH MAWXDIM BDI&H , $HWW&D GWRM NZQ 
LBNQ . LDBRIW " HWW&D H&Z , BCWRH XMWRH WBLTI XWQIT , " LHWLIK BAP " 
AT KL &WBDI BNQ I$RAL WLGRWM H$BTH PRAIT $L HBNQ &L RQ& X$D L&BIRH PLILT 
W&BIRH M$M&IT PNIMIT XMWRH $L AXD H&WBDIM $BGINH HWG$H TLWNH LM$@RH " . 
LMRWT $IXSI HXWC $L I$RAL AINM K&T B$IA PRIXTM , PNH M$RD RA$ 
HMM$LH LWW&DT HKSPIM LQBL TWSPT TQCIBIT $L 3 . 1 MILIWN $"X BGIN AIRWX 
RA$I MDINH BARC . SWKM $HSKWM IW&BR MHRZRWWH HKLLIT LM$RD RA$ HMM$LH , 
AK XBRIM BWW&DH TMHW : HAM BRA$IT $NT HTQCIB LA XZW BIQWRIM $L RA$I 
MDINWT , AW HAM HTQCIB $HWQCH LKK KBR AZL ? 

* 

RA$ &IRIIT TL - ABIB , $LMH LH@ , &WMD &L KK $L$KT HMHNDSIM TPNH AT 
HBIT HM$M$ KIWM KM$KNH BTL - ABIB " BIT HMHNDS " BRXWB DIZNGWP BTL - 
ABIB , WZAT B@&NH $HQRQ& &LIW &WMD HBIT HIA QRQ& &IRWNIT WKI HHSKM LPIW 
HXKIRH H&IRIIH AT HMGR$ $&LIW HWQM HBIT PG &WD LPNI $MWNH $NIM . &L PI 
LH@ , BKWWNT H&IRIIH LHQIM BMQWM GN CIBWRI . DBRIM ALH MSR ATMWL RA$ 
&IRIIT TL - ABIB , $&H $H&ID BPNI HBWRRIM $MWNW &L PI HXL@T BIT HM$P@ , 
LPSWQ BSKSWK BIN H&IRIIH LL$KT HMHNDSIM . L$KT HMHNDSIM MSRBT LPNWT AT 
HMBNH WLXILWPIN DWR$T MH&IRIIH $TQCH LH MGR$ XLWPI WLSII& LH BHQMT M$KN 
XD$ LMHNDSIM . NCIG HMHNDSIM @&N BBWRRWT , KI H&IRIIH NMN&H MLP&WL NGD 
ARGWNIM WMWSDWT AXRIM , HMMWQMIM BMBNIM $HWQMW &L QRQ& &IRWNIT , A$R 
XWZH HXKIRH $LHM &M H&IRIIH PG KMW " MCWDT ZAB " , " BIT HMWRH " W&WD . 
L@&NT HMHNDSIM MTKX$ KIWM RA$ H&IRIIH LHB@XTW ZW WKN LHTXIIBWT $NTN , 
LDBRIHM , B$&TW , BBIT M$P@ $DN B&NIIN DWMH HQ$WR &M MKWN HTQNIM . 
B&DWTW BBWRRWT AMR LH@ , KI BIT HMHNDS AINNW MHWWH IWTR MWSD CIBWRI , 
$KN L$KT HMHNDSIM HPKH AWTW L&SQ , BH$KIRH XLQ MHMQWM LMP&IL AWLM $MXWT . 
LDBRIW , H&IRIIH &L PI TWKNIT BNIIN &RIM , XIIBT LHW&ID AT HMGR$ LM@RWT 
CIBWRIWT W&L PI HTWKNIWT MTWKNN LHQIM BMQWM GN CIBWRI . BAXT HHZDMNWIWT 
HTB@A LH@ BAWMRW , KI LA AIKPT LW $LL$KT HMHNDSIM LA THIH KLL AKSNIH 
BTL - ABIB WMCIDW $I&BRW LGB&TIIM , RMT - GN AW &RIM AXRWT BSBIBH . HWA 
CIIN , KI H&IRIIH AINNH RWAH MXWBTH LMMN LMHNDSIM HQMT M$KN XILWPI AW 
LHQCWT LHM BXINM MGR$ AXR . IW"R L$KT HMHNDSIM , $MWAL SWRQ , AMR KI 
KL KWWNTW $L RA$ H&IRIIH HWA LMKWR AT HNKS TMWRT SKWM $L 5 - 4 MILIWN 
DWLR ( $WWI HMGR$ &L PI HH&RKH ZHIRH ) . &WD AMR , KI BMQRIM AXRIM , 
KMW $L MKBI TL - ABIB , AI$RH H&IRIIH LAGWDH TMWRT HSKMTH LHTPNWT MNKS 
BMRKZ H&IR , 81 DWNM M&BR LIRQWN W&WD $LW$H MILIWN DWLR . 

* 

HQHILH HIHWDIT HQWBNIT BARH"B MARGNT MS& HZDHWT &M MDINT I$RAL . MDIWWX 
$HGI& ATMWL LM$RD HTIIRWT BIRW$LIM &WLH , KI BM$LXT HMTARGNT IQXW XLQ 
KMAH MRA$I HQHILH . HBIQWR MTWKNN LHTQIIM BXWD$ MARS HQRWB , WIITLWW 
ALIW CWWTI @LWWIZIH W&ITWNAIM DWBRI SPRDIT . BMHLKW IICAW HM$TTPIM LC&DT 
HZDHWT &M MDINT I$RAL BRXWBWT IRW$LIM WIIPG$W &M N$IA HMDINH , $R HTIIRWT 
WXBRI KNST . MNK"L HXBRH LPITWX MZRX IRW$LIM , ICXQ I&QBI , H$TTP B$BW& 
$&BR BMS& HSBRH $AWRGN &L - IDI MNHL L$KT HTIIRWT HMM$LTIT $L I$RAL B$IQAGW , 
AMNWN LIPCIN . I&QBI HTRAIIN BKLI HTQ$WRT HMQWMIIM , WAXD HRAIWNWT 
L$DR GIM WWRN MR$T WW - AM - BI - AI HW&BR L061 TXNWT RDIW BRXBI ARH"B . 
LPI HDIWWXIM , H$TTPW &$RWT AN$IM BKL AXD MN HSMINRIM $N&RKW BMSGRT MS& 
HHSBRH LSWKNI NSI&WT , LKMRIM , LMNHIGI QHILWT DTIWT WLMNHIGI QHILWT 
ATNIWT B$IQAGW IWCAI PWLIN , IWWN WAI@LIH . B&RBIM HPTWXIM HGI& MSPR 
HM$TTPIM L08 &D 001 , WLRA$WNH H&NIQH AWNIBRSI@T $IQAGW XSWT L&RB M@&M 
L$KT HTIIRWT HMM$LTIT $L I$RAL . 

* 

HMW&CH HARCIT LTKNWN WLBNIIH HXLI@H BI$IBTH ATMWL , LHGI$ LMM$LH $INWI 
LHWRAWT TWKNIT HMITAR HARCIT LDRKIM . &WRKI HTWKNIT MINHL HTKNWN BM$RD 
HPNIM , M&"C WM$RD HTXBWRH HTBSSW BHKNT HTWKNIT &L HC&H $HWG$H B6891 
&L IDI HXBRH LHGNT H@B& . &IQRI HHWRAWT HXD$WT LTWKNIT HMITAR HARCIT 
LDRKIM $AW$RW &L IDI HMW&CH HARCIT LTKNWN WLBNIIH W$@&WNWT &DIIN AI$WR 
HMM$LH HM HBXNH BIN $LBI HTKNWN H$WNIM WCRKIHM : " RCW&H LTKNWN " 
W"RCW&H LDRK " , PI$W@ HLIKI MTN HQLWT BQWWI BNIIN , QBI&T NWHLIM WDRI$WT 
HMLWWIM HG$T TWKNIWT LDRKIM , QBI&T " DRK NWPIT " , MISWD HG$T TSQIRI 
H$P&H &L HSBIBH BAZWRIM BNWIIM WQBI&T HS@IIH HMWTRT BHTWWIIT DRK . DINH 
RCBSQI , MNHLT AGP TWKNIWT ARCIWT WMXWZIWT BM$RD HPNIM , CIINH $HWRAWT 
ALW , A$R TBWANH BMQWM HHWRAWT $AW$RW B - 6791 , T$PRNH AT HTKNWN HMWQDM 
$L HDRKIM WTZRZNH AT HLIKI HDIWN WHHXL@H BMWSDWT HTKNWN BKL HNWG& LSLILT 
KBI$IM XD$IM . RCBSQI HDGI$H , KI TWKNIT MITAR ARCIT LDRKIM HIA B&LT 
X$IBWT MIWXDT BARC Q@NH &M NWPIM W$MWRWT @B& IIXWDIIM WMGWWNIM , ATRIM 
HIS@WRIIM , ATRIM MQWD$IM W&WD . 

* 

H$NIM HBAWT BKL HQ$WR BHTQ$RWIWT $L M$RD H$IKWN . HMINHL IWRKB MNCIGIM 
$L M$RD HAWCR , M$RD H$IKWN , M$RD HM$P@IM WAN$I CIBWR . &L - PI H&RKWT , 
B5 H$NIM HBAWT IW$Q&W BBNIIH HCIBWRIT K03 MILIARD $"X BAMC&WT BNIIH I$IRH 
$L HMM$LH , HSDRIM $L HMM$LH &M HQBLNIM , HTXIIBWIWT RKI$H $L HMM$LH 
LQBLNIM W&WD . LA &WLH &L HD&T $HTQ$RWIWT ALW IIQB&W WIBWC&W &L - IDI 
HM&RKT HPNIMIT $L M$RD H$IKWN . HM&RKT HPNIMIT $L M$RD H$IKWN THIH BLXC 
ADIR LBC& HTQ$RWIWT WLDAWG LQIDWM HBNIIH , WLA IHIH AIZWN BIN M&RKT QBLT 
HHXL@WT LBIN HLXC LBICW& . HLXC LBICW& IHIH KL KK GDWL &D KI M$RD H$IKWN 
&$WI LHWCIA SKWMIM GDWLIM BLA $IQWL - D&T . ANI XW$$ $THIINH HXL@WT $GWIWT 
WKI IXTMW &SQWT BLA QRI@RIWNIM AXIDIM W$WWIM . GM I$ X$$ BH&BRT SKWMI 
KSP ADIRIM MTQCIB HMDINH LMQWRBIM PWLI@IIM . HMINHL IWCIA LPW&L AT HXL@WT 
HMM$LH B&NIIN HMKRZIM HSGWRIM , WKN HHXL@WT LBC& HTQ$RWIWT BLA MKRZ , 
ALA BAMC&WT M$A WMTN . KLWMR , M$RD HBINWI WH$IKWN IBIA AT HC&WTIW 
LAI$WR HMINHL B@RM BICW&N . HMINHL IQB& MI IHIW HQBLNIM $&IMM ITQ$R M$RD 
HBINWI WH$IKWN , WKN AT AMWT - HMIDH $B&ZRTN IBXRW AT HQBLNIM HLLW . 
HMINHL IC@RK LQBL HXL@WT WLA$R HTQ$RWIWT &M QBLNIM BLA MIKRZ . RQ LAXR 
AI$WRW $L HMINHL IWKL M$RD HBINWI WH$IKWN LXTWM &L XWZI HTQ$RWT . AIN 
BKWWNTI $HMINHL I$M$ XSM BTHLIK BICW& HHXL@WT . HMINHL CRIK LHIWT I&IL 
WMQCW&I WM@RTW LTT T$WBH HWLMT WCIBWRIT LHWCAH $L K03 MILIARD $"X . HG$TI 
AT HC&TI ZW LRA$ HMM$LH ICXQ $MIR , L$R HAWCR ICXQ MWD&I , L$R HM$P@IM 
DN MRIDWR , LMBQRT HMDINH MRIM BN - PWRT , WLIW&C HM$P@I LMM$LH IWSP 
XRI$ . HHXL@H &L HQMTW $L GWP KZH TMN& W&DT XQIRH WDAIT B&TID , $TWQM 
AM HDBRIM INWHLW &L - IDI M$RD H$IKWN BLBD . 

* 

HWW&D HPW&L $L MKWN HTQNIM BI$RAL AI$R ATMWL KLLIM XD$IM LHKNT TQNIM I$RALIIM , 
MTWK M@RH $IQLW &L HSXR &M AIRWPH WISII&W LT&$IIT HICWA HI$RALIT . HKLLIM 
IGBILW AT HAP$RWT LH$TM$ BTQINH KBMK$IR HGNH &L HTWCRT HMQWMIT MPNI HIBWA 
BHTAM LMDINIWT HXD$H $HNHIG M$RD HT&$IIH WHMSXR . ITR &L KN , L"HARC " 
NWD& KI BMSGRT AIMWC HMDINIWT HXD$H HWRH IW"R MKWN HTQNIM , CBI ALWN , 
LMNK"L HMKWN , ALI HDR , LDWWX LW &L KL NISIWN MCD AXT MWW&DWT HTQINH 
L&$WT $IMW$ BTQINH KBMXSWM LHGNH &L HTWCRT HMQWMIT . H$INWIIM BKLLIM N&$W 
BMSGRT P&WLWT $WNWT $NWQ@ MKWN HTQNIM LCWRK HTAMT HTQINH HI$RALIT LTQINH 
HAIRWPIT , LQRAT AIXWDH HKLKLI $L AIRWPH B2991 . KLLIM ALH GM IAP$RW 
LMKWN LBDWQ AT M&RK W&DWT HTQINH BI$RAL BMQBIL LM&RK W&DWT TQINH BIN - 
LAWMIWT , WLHGBIR AT M&WRBWTW BH$WWAT TQNIM I$RALIM LTQNIM HBIN - LAWMIIM . 
BMKWN HTQNIM MAMINIM $THLIK ZH IHIH L@WBT HICRNIM WHCRKNIM KAXD . BAXRWNH , 
LNWKX HMAMCIM LSIIM AT HLIKI HTQINH LQRAT 2991 , PW&L MKWN HTQNIM LZIRWZ 
HLIKI HTQINH . BKWWNT MNHLIW LQCR HLIKIM BAMC&WT H&BRT HDIWNIM BTQINH 
HMWC&T MWW&DT HTQINH HMRKZIT LWW&DWT MWMXIM , $BHN IHIW NCIGIM LICRNIM , 
LCRKNIM WLMM$LH . ZAT , LHBDIL MWW&DWT HTQINH HRGILWT , $BHN I$ NCIGWT 
GM LIBWANIM . 

* 

XBRT ALBI@ HQIMH GWP A$R I&SWQ B$ITWP P&WLH T&$IITI WIQIIM Q$R &M HR$WT 
L$ITWP P&WLH BM$RD HT&$IIH WHMSXR . KK MSR XIIM GWLN , MNHL HR$WT L$ITWP 
P&WLH , $XZR MBIQWR BXBRH . GWLN HBI& $BI&WT - RCWN MHDRK BH PW&LT ALBI@ , 
KMP&L PR@I RA$WN $QIBL &L &CMW , MRCWNW , AT H&QRWNWT $&L - PIHM &WBDT 
HR$WT L$ITWP P&WLH T&$IITI . LDBRIW HWQM BALBI@ GWP $MPQX &L HQNIWT WBWDQ 
KL HZMNH HMIW&DT LXW"L , AM NITN LRKW$ AWTH BARC . &WD NMSR KI ALBI@ 
T&BIR LR$WT L$ITWP P&WLH AT R$IMWT HXBRWT BXW"L $MHN HIA QWNH MWCRIM , 
KDI $HR$WT TP&L LH$GT RK$ GWMLIN MAWTN XBRWT . 

* 

HAWCR L$&BR , D"R &MNWAL $RWN , BHWPI&W BIWM H&IWN H$NTI $L AGP HTQCIBIM . 
LDBRIW , HMM$LH WHCIBWR &DIIN LA QL@W AT GWDL HM$IMH H&WMDT BPNIHM 
BIN HITR , HGDLT MSPR MQWMWT H&BWDH BM$Q B%05 B$NIM HQRWBWT . DWGMH QLASIT 
LGI$H $L " &SQIM KRGIL " , CIIN $RWN , HIA H$BITH $HTQIIMH B$BW& $&BR 
BMGZR HCIBWRI . K000 , 001 &WBDIM $BTW M$WM $HAWCR SIRB LH&NIQ TWSPT 
$KR LAXWZ Q@N MHM , HMW&SQIM BXBRWT MPSIDWT . HXL@T HAWCR LH&NIQ TWSPT 
$KR $L % 9 L$AR H&WBDIM BMGZR HCIBWRI HIA GM , KPI $CIIN ZAT NGID BNQ 
I$RAL , MIKAL BRWNW , AITWT $LILI LM$Q . PXWT MXWD$IIM LAXR $HGI$ TWKNIT 
KLKLIT , $BMRKZH HGM$T $WQ H&BWDH ( KLWMR , $XIQT H$KR BM$Q ) , HWLK 
HAWCR W&W$H BDIWQ AT HHIPK . WZW AINH HDWGMH HIXIDH LKK , $BMM$LH &DIIN 
LA QL@W $H&SQIM AINM KRGIL . AM CRIK LICWR 000 , 045 MQWMWT &BWDH XD$IM 
BM$Q BZMN HQRWB , XIIBIM LH$QI& . TWKNIT L&IDWD H$Q&WT $GIB$ M$RD HT&$IIH 
WHMSXR , KBR AW$RH BKNST . LDBRI H$R NSIM , HM$RD MWCP BQ$WT MIZMIM 
$M&WNIINIM LH$QI& BMSGRTH . ABL MAZ $AW$RH HTWKNIT , IWTR MXWD$ &BR 
&D$PQIDI HTM"S WHAWCR HGI&W LHSKM&L GWBH HPRMIH $TW@L &L HHLWWAWT B&RBWT 
MDINH $IINTNW BMSGRT HTWKNIT . WBLI $ZH IIQB& SWPIT , LA NITN LBC& AT 
HTWKNIT . MI IWD& KMH M$QI&IM - BKWX KBR NWA$W MQBLT T$WBWT L$ALWTIHM , 
WHXLI@W LH$QI& BMQWM AXR . MI ZWKR AT HTWKNIT HKLKLIT $L HAWCR ? KM&@ 
XWD$IIM IW$B CWWT H$RIM HMMWNH &L HXQIQH HQ$WRH LTWKNIT , $&WT MSPR B$BW& , 
KAILW KL HZMN $B&WLM &WMD LR$WTM . ZH $BW&WT AWMRIM LNW $H$RIM &WMDIM 
LHKRI& &L HC&DIM LX$IPT HM$Q . ABL HM &DIIN LA SIIMW AT KL HS&IPIM HQ$WRIM 
L$INWIIM BMISWI . $LA LDBR &L HXQIQH HQ$WRH B$INWIIM B$KR MINIMWM WBTNAI 
QBLT DMI AB@LH . BA$R LTQCIB , MKL MH $HWDLP LTQ$WRT LGBI &IQRIW L$NT 
19 , KBR BRWR $LA IHIW $INWIIM MHWTIIM . BMQWM LMMN LPXWT XLQ MHHWCAWT 
HGDWLWT $NWB&WT MGL H&LIIH &L - IDI SGIRT M$RDIM MIWTRIM , MDBRIM KRGIL 
&L &WD QICWC BSWBSIDIWT , &WD QICWC BTQCIB HBI@XWN W&WD QICWC BQCBAWT 
BI@WX LAWMI . WAZ MBI&IM DAGH $HGIR&WN IHIH GDWL MDI , M$WM $AIN BMH 
LQCC . ABL IWTR MZH , HXL@T RA$ HMM$LH LDXWT AT HG$T HTQCIB B$BW&IIM 
HIA &WD AITWT $LILI LM$Q . TQCIB KRWK TMID BHXL@WT Q$WT , WHMSR $L $MIR 
HWA $AP$R LDXWT HXL@WT ALW . KAILW LA BAIM MDI IWM B@ISH ALP &WLIM MBRIT - 
HMW&CWT . 

* 

M$RD RWAI HX$BWN MRWN SWBL W$WT NBXR BIMIM ALH LRWAH HX$BWN $L HT&$IIH 
HCBAIT , LAXR $HPKH B$BW& $&BR MIXIDT SMK MM$LTIT LXBRH &CMAIT . &L 
TIQ HBIQWRT HX$BWNAIT $L HT&$IIH HCBAIT HTMWDDW KMH M$RDI RWAI - X$BWN 
GDWLIM , WBRA$M SWMK XIIQIN , ALMGWR , BRII@MN W$WT WMRWN SWBL . BH&RKWT 
RA$WNIWT DWBR &L HAP$RWT $TIQ HT&$IIH HCBAIT IIPWL BXLQW $L M$RD SWMK 
XIIQIN , $AP BIC& AT &BWDWT HHKNH LQRAT HPIKTH $L HT&$IIH HCBAIT LXBRH . 
NRAH KI SWMK LA NBXR BGLL H&WBDH $HWA KBR MKHN KRWAH HX$BWN $L XBRT HX$ML . 
B$NH $XLPH N&RKW XILWPI M$MRWT BQRB RWAI HX$BWN $L KMH XBRWT MM$LTIWT 
GDWLWT . LPNI $BW&WT MSPR NBXR M$RD ALMGWR AIQH B$ LRWAH HX$BWN $L HT&$IIH 
HAWWIRIT BMQWM M$RD HAP@ AT HAP@ . XWGIM BAWCR M&RIKIM KI BQRWB TBWC& 
HXLPH NWSPT BT&$IIH HAWWIRIT , K$M$RD BRII@MN W$WT ITPWS AT MQWMW $L 
M$RD GWRN BN - I&QB ( $HWA RWAH HX$BWN H$NI $L HT&$IIH HAWWIRIT . XILWPI 
TPQIDIM BM$RDI RWAI X$BWN $L XBRWT MM$LTIWT GDWLWT CPWIIM GM BXBRT HBRWM 
( MQBWCT KIMIQLIM LI$RAL ) . M$RD $XQ W$WT AMWR LHXLIP BTXILT H$NH 
HBAH AT M$RD LIWBW$IC QSIRR . XILWP MHWTI NWSP BM$RDI RWAH HX$BWN N&$H 
BBNQ HXQLAWT . M$RD RWNAL W$WT NKNS LTPQID BMQWM M$RD BBLI MILNR . HXILWPIM 
BM$RDI RWAI HX$BWN $L HXBRWT HMM$LTIWT N&$IM LAXR $NIM ARWKWT $L HQPAH . 
HM N&$IM B&QBWT MDINIWT XD$H $L RW@CIH , $HWNHGH &"I R$WT HXBRWT HMM$LTIWT . 


* 

LMRWT AWPIW HRIKWZI AIP$R H$L@WN H&WTMNI BARC MIDH RBH $L XWP$ P&WLH LHWN 
HPR@I BARC BTQWPH $LPNI KMAH $NH . MSQNH ZW HITH AXT MALH $HW&LW BKNS 
MIWXD $N&RK LPNI IMIM MSPR &L - IDI " HMRKZ HI$RALI LQIDWM XBRTI WKLKLI " 
$&SQ BIWZMWT HPR@IWT BBNIIN HARC B$LHI HTQWPH H&WTMNIT , WHTQIIM BBIT 
HHARXH $L M&LH HXMI$H . HHIS@WRIWGRPIH H"R$MIT " $L ARC - I$RAL N@TH 
LHCNI& &WBDH ZW . XWP$ P&WLH ZH BWL@ L&WMT M&WRBWT HMM$LH BM$Q HI$RALI 
HIWM , N@&N BKNS . KN N@&N $HXWP$ $NITN AZ LIWZMH HXWP$IT HBIA MAWXR 
IWTR LPITWX KLKLI WLHRXBT HIWZMH HPR@IT BARC - I$RAL . B$LW$H NW$AIM &IQRIIM 
&SQ HKNS : BIWZMWT HKLKLIWT HLA - IHWDIWT $HIW BRA$IT HMAH BRXBI ARC - 
I$RAL , BIWZMWT HPR@IWT BII$WB HI$N B&IQR BIRW$LIM WBCPT , WBIWZMWT 
BII$WB HXD$ , B&IQR BMW$BWT HBRWN . HXWQRIM HTLB@W , BIN H$AR , KICD 
LHBDIL BIN IWZMH PR@IT LCIBWRIT , WLKK NTN PRWP NXWM GRWS T$WBH MQWRIT : 
AM H&SQ HIH MRWWIX GM KA$R HH$Q&H BISWDH HITH $L HWN CIBWRI , KMW LM$L 
HMW$BWT , HRI MDWBR HIH BIWZMH PR@IT . AM H&SQ HPSID WXDL LHTQIIM , 
MDWBR BIWZMH PR@IT QLASIT . WAM H&SQ MM$IK LHTQIIM , LMRWT HHPSD HRB 
$HWA CWBR , HRI MDWBR BIWZMH CIBWRIT . PRWP IHW$& BN - ARIH QB& KI BARC - 
I$RAL , BIN $HIH MDWBR BIHWDIM AW ZRIM , AN$I HII$WB HXD$ AW HII$WB 
HI$N , HIWZMWT H&SQIWT TMID HIW M$WLBWT BAIDIALIM ALH AW AXRIM . PRWP 
I$RAL QWLT @&N KI D"R ARTWR RWPIN , $&MD BRA$ HM$RD HARCI$RALI , HRAH 
AT HDRK L$ILWB BIN IWZMH PR@IT LCIBWRIT . BIN HIZMIM HPR@IIM BTXILT HMAH 
WBMAH $&BRH HWZKRW H@MPLRIM , $LMRWT MSPRM HMW&@ ( 000 , 2 BTQWPT H$IA 
$LHM ) H$PI&W H$P&H MKR&T &L HKLKLH HXWP$IT HIHWDIT , WB&IQR BTXWM HBNIIH 
BMW$BWT . D"R XIIM GRBR @&N $H&RBIM GILW AZ TW$IIH KLKLIT WIWZMH T&$IITIT 
$HTB@AH , BIN H$AR BHQMT BTI - XRW$T LSBWN B$KM W&RIM AXRWT . D"R DN 
GL&DI HDGI$ $LMRWT $HHIS@WRIWGRPIH HIHWDIT &WSQT B&IQR BHTII$BWT HXQLAIT 
HIHWDIT , MRBIT HAWKLWSIIH HIHWDIT HITH &IRWNIT MWBHQT LKL AWRK HTQWPH . 
HSTBR BKNS , $LMRWT HDIMWI HRWWX $L " HII$WB HI$N " KMKLWL $L ZQNIM 
$&LW ARCH RQ KDI LHTPLL WLHIQBR BH , HIW BCIBWR ZH IWZMWT KLKLIWT $L 
QBWCWT WPR@IM . LDWGMH , B$NWT H06 $L HMAH H91 , KA$R HIH MXSWR &WLMI 
BKWTNH , &QB MLXMT - HAZRXIM BARH"B , IZMW GIDWL KWTNH BARC $PTRH , 
MQWMIT , AT HB&IH . TRWMT HII$WB HXD$ LKLKLH WLIWZMH HPR@IT BRA$IT 
HMAH &$RIM HITH B$WRH ARWKH $L HKNST @KNWLWGIWT XDI$WT BXQLAWT WT&$IIH , 
KMW , LDBRI D"R $AWL KC , BPRDSNWT BPTX - TQWWH , WLDBRI D"R IWSI 
KC BNISIWNWT HRA$WNIM $N&$W BII$WB LHQIM MP&LI T&$IIH XD$IM , DWGMT P&ILWTW 
$L D"R QLINQR BMWCA LID IRW$LIM , AW MP&L H$MN $L NXWM WILBW$BIC BBN - 
$MN . BSIKWM HKNS &LTH H$ALH , MI BNH AT ARC - I$RAL BRA$IT HMAH . PRWP 
IHWDH DWN @&N KI I$ LHBXIN BIN MSPRM HZ&IR WTRWMTM HZ&IRH BMWNXIM KLKLIIM 
$L AN$I H&LIIH H$NIIH WBIN HMITWS $NWCR SBIBM . M$TTPI HKNS HSKIMW L@&NH 
$M$QL HIWZMH HPR@IT WHHWN HPR@I HIH BPW&L HRBH IWTR GDWL MKPI $HHIS@WRIWGRPIH 
HMRKZIT MNSH LTAR B$NIM HAXRWNWT . 

* 

BDIWN $HTQIIM ATMWL BBIT - HDIN HAZWRI L&BWDH BTL - ABIB , HARIKH H$WP@T 
&DNH GBRIALI , BNWKXWT NCIGI H&WBDIM WHHNHLH $L BNQ I$RAL , AT HCW LHPSQT 
H$BITH $NTNH $L$WM BLILH BM&MD CD AXD . HWCAT HCW $L$WM HBIAH LXIDW$ 
H&BWDH BMX$B B$&H 2 BLILH . H$WP@T GBRIALI QB&H KI MAXR $NQB&W LCDDIM 
DIWNIM L$BW& HBA , II$AR HCW BTWQPW &D LI$IBH HBAH BBIT - HDIN . BDIWN 
@&N W&D &WBDI BNQ I$RAL KI H&ICWMIM $PRCW BIWM $LI$I , WMHLKM HWPSQH 
&BWDT HMX$B , HM &L RQ& QIDWM B$KR WLAXR SKSWK &BWDH &LIW HWKRZ KBR LPNI 
$BW&IIM . HWW&D HKXI$ KI H&ICWMIM HIW &L RQ& $L H$&IIT AXD MXBRIW , 
I&QB Q@WRZH , SGN MNHL MDWR BMXLQT HM@B& , KPI $@&NH HHNHLH . Q@WRZH 
HW$&H B$L X$D $H&BIR L&ITWNWT MID& &L NWHL SWDI HQ$WR BBI&WR WH$MDT $@RI 
KSP BBNQ I$RAL . BDIWN LA HWPI&W NCIGI HHSTDRWT , $$LXW MBRQ BW HBI&W 
AT HTNGDWTM L$BITH . 

* 

HM$P@ HMXWZI BTL - ABIB HWG$H H$BW& TBI&H BSKWM $L 905 ALP $"X $HGI$H 
XBRT HBI@WX RWTM NGD SWKNI HBI@WX ABNR QWPL , B&L SWKNWT BI@WX BTL - 
ABIB , WNGD RAWBN &WPRI MNHL SWKNWT BI@WX BXIPH . BTBI&H $HWG$H BSDR 
DIN MQWCR @W&NT PRQLI@T XBRT HBI@WX , &W"D RXL BLWMN@L , KI $NI HNTB&IM 
HTQ$RW &M XBRT HBI@WX AW$IWT ( BPIRWQ ) LHNPQT PWLISWT BI@WX L&WBDI 
XBRT HX$ML , WHKSPIM HMGI&IM LRWTM HM SKWMI HPRMIWT $NGBW M&WBDI XBRT 
HX$ML ( AW $HIW CRIKIM LHIGBWT ) . SKWM HTBI&H , NAMR BTBI&H , HWA 
HSKWM LAXR HPXTH $L H&MLWT HMGI&WT LNTB&IM . @RM HWG$H BQ$T R$WT LHTGWNN . 
@&NWT XMWRWT NGD AL&ZR BKR , $HIH MNHL $NI SNIPIM $L BNQ AMRIQAI - 
I$RALI B&"M BIRW$LIM SNIP HLL WSNIP BIT WGN KLWLWT BTBI&H $HGI$H $IL$WM 
XBRH LHWBLWT BIRW$LIM B$M NIB HWBLWT WNSI&WT . HXBRH WMNHLH NAGTWLLH 
DWKNIAN HGI$W $L$WM LBIT - HM$P@ HMXWZI TBI&H BSKWM $L 4 . 1 MILIWN $"X . 
PRQLI@I HTWB&IM , &W"D MIKAL LB , MCIIN BKTB HTBI&H KI MDWBR BTWP&H 
QICWNIT WMDHIMH BXWMRTH $L M&$IM LA - XWQIIM MCD HNTB&IM , $HBIAW LHTMW@@WTH 
$L HXBRH WLHTMW@@WT KLLIT $L HTWB& ( MNHL HXBRH ) , A$R LAXR $NIM ARWKWT 
$L NIHWL &SQ RWWXI NALC LMKWR AT BITW WRKW$W WNWTR LLA QWRT GG , RKW$ , 
KSPIM WKBWD . KTB HTBI&H KWLL KMH PRQIM : RKI$H MAWLCT $L TWKNIWT XISKWN 
XD$WT ; XI$WBI RIBIT MW@&IM W&IWWTIM AXRIM L@&NT HTWB&IM . KMW - KN 
@W&N MNHL HXBRH KI PNH LMNHL HSNIP WBIQ$ MMNW &RBWT BNQAIT KDI LQBL HLWWAWT 
XICWNIWT NWXWT ( MXWC LBNQ ) . L@&NT MNHL HXBRH , HWDI& LW MNHL SNIP 
HBNQ KI HWA XIIB LQBL HLWWAH AK WRQ BAMC&WT MLWWH B$WQ HAPWR , ADM B$M 
MNXM PRBR , $AM LA KN LA IKBD HBNQ CQIM $L HXBRH . L@&NT HTWB& , KTWCAH 
MHAILWC $L HPNIIH L$WQ HAPWR , BW $ILM HTWB& RIBIT DWLRIT $L % 93 , HSTBKH 
HXBRH . &DIIN LA HWG$ KTB HGNH . 84 DIIRIM HMTGWRRIM BRXWB HXLMWNIT 
3 , 5 W7 BQRIIT RA$WN BRA$WN - LCIWN HGI$W H$BW& SDRH $L TBI&WT NGD SWLL 
BWNH . HTBI&WT $HWG$W LBIT - M$P@ H$LWM BRXWBWT MSTKMWT BKMILIWN $"X . 
PRQLI@ HTWB&IM , &W"D ICXQ SIMWN , MCIIN BKTB HTBI&H KI DIIRI HBNIINIM 
( HTWB&IM ) HTQ$RW LRKI$T DIRWTIHM &M XBRT ZKRIH DRWQR , A$R LIMIM 
NRK$H &L - IDI SWLL BWNH WGM HTXIIBWIWTIH HW&BRW LNTB&T . &ILT HTBI&H , 
L@&NT HTWB&IM , HM LIQWII BNIIH B@IXWTIIM WAST@IIM . @RM HWG$ KTB HGNH . 
BIT - HM$P@ HMXWZI BTL - ABIB HWCIA H$BW& CW MNI&H ZMNI LPIW &L 
XBRT MQWRWT LHIMN& MHPSQH AW HGBLH $L ASPQT MIM L&IRIIT BNI - BRQ , &D 
LHKR&H BBWRRWT $BIN HCDDIM BPNI NCIB HMIM . HDIWN BM&MD $NI HCDDIM NQB& 
L4 BDCMBR . 

* 

B&$RT HXWD$IM HRA$WNIM $L H$NH HWNPQW 442 HITRIM LH$Q&WT WLHQMT XBRWT 
BXW"L , BHIQP KWLL $L 012 MILIWNI DWLR . NTWNIM ALW NMSRW L"HARC " 
MMXLQT HPIQWX &L HM@B& XWC BBNQ I$RAL . K%13 MSK HH$Q&WT ( 5 . 36 MILIWN 
D ) HIW BARCWT H$WQ HM$WTP ; % 54 BCPWN AMRIQH ; % 5 BMZRX AIRWPH ; 
% 1 BMDINWT AP@"A ( MDINWT M&RB - AIRWPIWT $AINN XBRWT B$WQ HM$WTP ) . 
RWB HH$Q&WT HIW BTXWMI HIICWR WH$IWWQ . HNTWNIM $L BNQ I$RAL MRAIM $MAZ 
HWNHGW AMWT - MIDH XD$WT LMTN HHITRIM BIWNI , LA NR$M $INWI M$M&WTI BMSPR 
HXBRWT $BIQ$W LH$QI& BXW"L . &L - PI HQRI@RIWNIM HXD$IM , NITN LKL XBRH 
LH$QI& BXW"L &D L%02 MHIQP HWNW . MKIWWN $HHQLH BQRI@RIWNIM LA GRMH LBRIXT 
HWN MHARC , MTKWWN BNQ I$RAL LAP$R HQLH NWSPT BTNAIM HQ$WRIM LH$Q&WT 
BXW"L . 

* 

HGIR&WN HMSXRI GDL B%44 B&$RT HXWD$IM HRA$WNIM $L H$NH , L&WMT HTQWPH 
HMQBILH A$TQD , WHSTKM B18 . 2 MILIARDI DWLR . MHL$KH HMRKZIT LS@@IS@IQH 
NMSR ATMWL $K581 MILIWNI DWLR MTWSPT ZW NWB&IM M&LIIT &RK IIBWA HDLQ , 
W29 MILIWN D MIIBWA AWNIWT WM@WSIM . BXWD$IM AWGWS@ WSP@MBR &LW HMXIRIM 
$L MWCRI HANRGIH $IWBAW LI$RAL BIWTR M%05 L&WMT IWNI WIWLI , LPNI PRWC 
HM$BR BMPRC . BINWAR - AWQ@WBR H$NH HSTKM HIBWA N@W B21 MILIARDI D WHIH 
GBWH B%51 L&WMT HTQWPH HMQBILH A$TQD . HICWA N@W &LH B%8 WHGI& L1 . 9 
MILIARDI D . BXWD$ AWQ@WBR , HSTKM HGIR&WN HMSXRI B814 MILIWNI D . HIBWA 
HGI& L3 . 1 M D , WHIICWA L149 M D . BSP@MBR WAWQ@WBR &LH HGIR&WN HMSXRI 
B%31 L&WMT $NI HXWD$IM $QDMW . &LIIH ZW NWB&T M&LIIH BIBWA B%4 B&WD $BICWA 
BAWTH TQWPH , NR$MH ICIBWT . BXWD$IIM HAXRWNIM HSTKM HIBWA LLA IHLWMIM 
WLLA HDLQ B709 MILIWNI D BMMWC& LXWD$ , NMWK B%2 MHMMWC& HXWD$I BIWLI 
WAWGWS@ LAXR &LIIH $L % 21 BXWD$IIM ALH L&WMT MAI WIWNI H$NH . IBWA T$WMWT 
LIICWR , LM&@ IHLWMIM WDLQ , HSTKM B006 MILIWN DWLR BMMWC& LXWD$ BSP@MBR 
WAWQ@WBR WHIH NMWK B%1 L&WMT HMMWC& B$NI HXWD$IM $QDMW . IBWA NKSI H$Q&H 
IRD B%3 WHSTKM B761 MILIWN DWLR LXWD$ . IBWA MWCRI CRIKH IRD B%8 . BAWQ@WBR 
HSTKM ICWA HSXWRWT B149 MILIWN D : % 66 ICWA T&$IITI ; % 13 ICWA IHLWMIM ; 
W%3 ICWA XQLAI . HICWA HT&$IITI HSTKM BXWD$IIM HAXRWNIM B486 MILIWN 
D BMMWC& LXWD$ , GBWH B%2 L&WMT $NI HXWD$IM $QDMW BHM$K L&LIIH $L % 5 . 
4 BIWLI WAWGWS@ . HICWA B&NPI HMTKT , HMKWNWT WHALQ@RWNIQH &LH B%8 . 
L&WMT ZAT , NR$MW IRIDWT BICWA $L &NPI HMZWN WHKIMIH . BICWA HIHLWMIM 
NR$MH &LIIH $L % 2 BXWD$IIM HAXRWNIM , WAILW BICWA HXQLAI XLH IRIDH $L 
% 71 , WZH HGI& L66 MILIWNI D BMMWC& LXWD$ . 

* 

&IRIIH HMB@LT MTN HNXWT BT$LWMI HARNWNH , PW&LT BSTIRH LHWRAWT XWQ HSDRI 
HTQCIB . HXL@H &QRWNIT ZW NITNH BBIT HM$P@ H&LIWN B$BTW KBG"C . PSQ 
HDIN NITN B&TIRH $HGI$W XBRI SI&T HLIKWD , SI&H &CMAIT BMW&CT QRIT AWNW 
WMSPR TW$BIM NGD RA$ HMW&CH &W"D DWRWN QRP WMW&CT HR$WT HMQWMIT . H&WTRIM 
@W&NIM KI B$NT HKSPIM 98891 WB$NIM QWDMWT , AI$RH MW&CT QRIT - AWNW $WRH 
$L HNXWT BT$LWMI ARNWNH KLLIT , BHTAM LSMKWTH LPI " CW HMW&CWT HMQWMIWT " . 
B$NT HKSPIM 099891 , HIW XILWPI $L@WN BR$WT HMQWMIT WHNHLT HMW&CH HXD$H 
WBRA$H RA$ HMW&CH LA $MRW &L HHNXWT BT$LWMI HARNWNH HKLLIT $AW$RW B$NH 
QWDMT , " HPLW LXWBH MBNIM &SQIIM BKL HQ$WR LTWSPT LARNWNH HKLLIT , 
WHIQNW , LKAWRH , LWW&DT HHNXWT SMKWT LQBW& QRI@RIWNIM LMTN HNXWT MHARNWNH 
HKLLIT LLA AI$WR HMW&CH . H&WTRIM @W&NIM KI HWW&DH LA KIBDH AT HHNXWT 
BT$LWMI HARNWNH $AW$RW B$NH QWDMT , ALA S@TH MHN LXWBT MQBLI HHNXH . 
BAI - KWX HMW&CH HMQWMIT QRIT - AWNW , &WRKI - HDIN NXWM PIINBRG WMIKL 
LWI@ , @&NW KI HWRAWT HXWQ MTIIXSWT AK WRQ LHNXWT $NITNW KDIN , AWLM , 
L@&NTM XLQ LPXWT MN HHNXWT $HWW&DH HXLI@H LB@L NITNW B$NT HKSPIM 098891 
$LA KDIN , W&L KN HITH R$AIM HIW HMW&CH HMQWMIT WRA$H LB@LN AW L$NWTN . 
L@&NT BAI KX HMW&CH &L PI HWRAWT " CW HMW&CWT HMQWMIWT " , R$AIT MW&CH 
LH&NIQ HNXWT BT$LWM HARNWNH HKLLIT LLA AI$WR $R HPNIM , AK WRQ " BHTX$B 
BMCBW HXWMRI $L HXIIB " , WAILW HHNXWT $HW&NQW B$NT HMS 988891 AINN N&WCWT 
" BMCBM HXWMRI " $L HZWKIM BHNXH WLA AW$RW &L IDI $R HPNIM . &WD QB& 
BG"C KI HXL@T HMW&CH HMQWMIT LHWSIP % 53 LARNWNH HKLLIT $HW@LH H$NH &L 
" MBNIM &ISQIIM " NWGDT HXL@T MLIAT HMW&CH &CMH , $QB&H KI $I&WR HTWSPT 
$L HARNWNH HKLLIT L$NT HMS 099891 IHIH % 52 BLBD , MBLI LHWCIA MKLL $I&WR 
ZH AT H"MBNIM H&ISQIIM " . &WD QB& BG"C KI HHWRAH B"HI@L HMISIM " $L HMW&CH 
HMQWMIT QRIT - AWNW , BDBR TWSPT $L % 53 LARNWNH HKLLIT &L MBNIM &SQIIM - 
B@LH MXMT XWSR SMKWT , KA$R LA N&$TH &L PI HXL@T HMW&CH . 

* 

DIRQ@WRIWN XBRT HX$ML ITKNS B$BW& HBA LDWN BNW$AIM $W@PIM WDXWPIM , LPNI 
HXL@T BG"C B&NIIN MINWIW $L KIW"R HDIRQ@WRIWN . M&RIKIM $HI$IBH TNWHL 
&"I $LWM &CMW . I$TTP BH GM , $LMRWT SIWM TPQIDW KIW"R HDIRQ@WRIWN , 
HXLI@ LHM$IK LKHN KDIRQ@WR . QPKWTMZK"L HHSTDRWT , , H&IR MTRDMTM AT 
BAI IWM H&IWN $L HMRKZ HI$RALI LNIHWL . QISR AMR KI LW AIN MH LHPSID , 
$KN ZW HQDNCIH HAXRWNH $LW KMZK"L HHSTDRWT . BHM$K AMR KI &SQT HXBILH 
$&$TH HMM$LH &M HHSTDRWT B$NIM HQWDMWT HITH M&@PH IPH &L - MNT $HHSTDRWT 
TQBL PXWT . L , IW"R HMW$B BW HIRCW QISR , W$R HAWCR , AMR QISR : 
" MR AWRI , AW HXBR AWRI , AM HIIT XBR BHSTDRWT HIITI MQBL MMK MS 
AXID GBWH . QPKWTBMSGRT IWM H&IWN $&RK ATMWL HMRKZ HI$RALI LNIHWL HWDI& 
MNK"L HMI"L , KI NBXR PH AXD LIW"R HMI"L , WZKH LMXIAWT KPIIM BAWLM 
GN AWRNIM . LIWM H&IWN , $&SQ BTWKNIT HKLKLIT , HCLIX HMI"L LHBIA K753 
AI$ , MH $MLMD &L HHT&NIINWT BNW$A WBR$IMT HMRCIM HMKWBDT . QPKWT , 
MNK"L R$WT HXBRWT HMM$LTIWT , $LX H$BW& L , IW"R DIRQ@WRIWN KI"L , 
TZKWRT HNWG&T LMKIRT H$LI@H BXBRH . RPWAH MZKIR KI BI$IBH &M $R HAWCR 
W$R HT&$IIH WHMSXR , HWXL@ &L MKIRT H$LI@H BKIMIQLIM LI$RAL . HWXL@ 
$HXBRH TKIN H&RKH KLKLIT HNWG&T L$WWIH . &WD HTBQ$H KI"L LHKIN AT $WRT 
HMGBLWT $I$ LHCIB BPNI " GRII@ LIIQS " , HMBQ$T LRKW$ AT H$LI@H BXBRH . 
RPWAH MZKIR KI I$ LBC& ZAT &D 82 BNWBMBR . QPKWTH$R L$&BR HC@RP ATMWL 
LMABQ HN@W$ BIN RA$I HMPLGH HLIBRLIT &L NKSI HMPLGH . ATMWL HGI$ $RIR , 
BAMC&WT PRQLI@W , &W"D , BQ$H LHC@RP KCD LDIWN HM$P@I HMTNHL BBIT - 
HM$P@ HMXWZI BT"A &L HNKSIM H$WWIM MILIWNI $QLIM . BBQ$TW MCIIN $RIR , 
$&MD LPNI ZMN QCR L&BWR LMPLGT H&BWDH , KI &LIW LHNIWT CD BDIWN MKWX 
M&MDW HMIWXD BMPLGH HLIBRLIT WBHIWT HHXL@H HXL@H HRT GWRL BA$R LRKW$ HMPLGH 
WBA$R L&CM M&MDH HM$P@I . PRQLI@I $RIR HWSIPW KI " HMPLGH XIH WQIIMT " . 
HBQ$H NTQBLH . BAWLM HDIWNIM NRAW ATMWL $R HAWCR $R HTM"T WH$RIM L$&BR 
WQPKWT$BITT HAIGWDIM HMQCW&IIM AWMNM NSTIIMH BRA$IT H$BW& , WM$RD HAWCR 
WRA$I HAIGWDIM HMQCW&IIM HM$IKW AT HMW"M BINIHM , AK XWTMH $L H$BITH 
IIRAH KNRAH BM$KWRTM $L H$WBTIM . HMMWNH &L H$KR BAWCR , $IGR BRA$IT 
H$BW& MKTB AL SGN HX$B HKLLI BAWCR , , WBW HWRH LW LNKWT IMI &BWDH M$KR 
H$WBTIM , BGIN $BITTM . DNWN HSBIR KI BHTAM LHXL@WT HMM$LH WLHNXIWT HIW&C 
HM$P@I LMM$LH , AIN L$LM $KR BGIN HI&DRWT WBGIN $BITH . M&WBDI MDINH 
H&WBDIM 5 IMIM B$BW& INWKW 3 IMI - &BWDH , WMMI $&WBDIM 6 IMIM B$BW& 
INWKW 4 IMIM . LALH $NISW LHTXKM WBIQ$W KI BMQWM NIKWI IMI HI&DRWT INKW 
IMIM MXWP$TM H$NTIT , HBHIR DNWN KI AIN LHMIR IMI XWP$H BIMI HI&DRWT . 
QPKWTB"LICWAN " , &LWN HXD$WT $L MKWN HICWA LXWD$ AWQ@WBR , NKTB KI NMKRW 
KL $@XI HTCWGH L$BW& HMZWN . " LICWAN " MTAR AT HMAMC HMWQD$ &TH LP&WLWT 
QIDWM NMRCWT BHN &WSQ , MNHL MRKZ HMZWN . AIN BI@WI B"LICWAN " , WLW 
BMLH AXT , LDIWNIM HMTNHLIM ZH $BW&WT RBIM &L HKWWNH LB@L AT $BW& HMZWN , 
B$L HX$$ KI LA IGI&W QNIINIM MXW"L . QPKWTAXD MWWTIQI HAWCR , HM$NH 
LMMWNH &L $WQ HHWN WBI@WX , &WMD LPRW$ MTPQIDW BINWAR . PRIDMN HTXIL 
AT &BWDTW BAWCR LPNI 04 $NH , BHIWTW S@WDN@ . PRIDMN &DIIN LA HXLI@ 
HIKN I&BWD , ABL AWMR $AINW MWDAG WMCIIN $HWA M$P@N . QPKWT , 34 , 
BWGR MD&I HMDINH BAWN BR - AILN , AL"M ( MIL ) MXIL HAWWIR , MWNH 
LMNHL AGP HTP&WL $L XBRT $X"L ( $IRWT XIRWM LLB ) . 

* 

WA$ING@WN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . MM$LT I$RAL MQWWH $$IXWT HTIAWM HAS@R@GI 
HMTNHLWT BIMIM ALH BWWA$ING@WN BIN M$LXWT I$RAL WARH"B IBIAW LPTRWN HB&IH 
$L H&DR TIKNWN I$RALI - AMRIQAI M$WTP , BMQRH $IPRWC &IMWT CBAI NGD &IRAQ , 
$I$RAL THIIH M&WRBT BW . KK MDWWX KTB H&ITWN " WA$ING@WN PWS@ " MPI 
KTBW BIRW$LIM . ZHW HDIWWX H$NI , B$BW& HAXRWN $L KTB AMRIQAI MI$RAL , 
HAWMR KI I$RAL MWDAGT MHI&DR TIKNWN M$WTP BIN WA$ING@WN LIRW$LIM BDBR 
AP$RWT $IDR$ TIAWM BIN $TI HMDINWT , AM IPRWC &IMWT CBAI BMPRC . KTB 
H&ITWN MDWWX , MPI PQIDIM BMM$LT I$RAL , KI AIN KRG& MNGNWN $L TQ$WRT 
WTIAWM M$WTP BMI$WR HCBAI , WKI " CRIK LMSD MNGNWN KL$HW $L TQ$WRT BIN 
PQIDIM BKIRIM M$NI HCDDIM , A$R I$M$ BMQRH $L M$BR " . &WD KWTB H&ITWN , 
&L SMK $IXWT &M PQIDIM I$RALIIM , KI &L ARHB LH$LIM &M H&WBDH $I$RAL 
TTQWP MIGWWN GDWL $L M@RWT B$@X &IRAQ , AM TWTQP , WZAT GM AM ARH"B 
TSPQ GIBWI LKK WG AM LAW . " N$MWR LNW XWP$ P&WLH BMQRH $NWTQP " , AMR 
PQID I$RALI LKTB H&ITWN . AXD HPQIDIM $$WXXW &M HKTB HCIG BPNIW TRXI$ 
AP$RI $L HTQPT @ILIM &L I$RAL M$@X HMDBR H&IRAQI , $IGRWR P&WLT GMWL 
I$RALIT . BMQRH KZH , LM$L , IHIIH CWRK BTIAWM I$RALI - AMRIQAI KDI 
LMNW& MCB $BW XILWT HAWWIR $L $TI HMDINWT IPCICW AT AWTN M@RWT . I$RAL 
MCPH , KIDW& , $ARH"B TI@WL XLQ BMITQPH NGD &IRAQ , AM TWTQP . RA$I 
HMM$L KBR HB@IXW BKMH HZDMNWIWT KI ARH"B TGIB AM I$RAL TWTQP . HIB@ AXD 
$BW KBR I$ $IPWR MSWIM B$ITWP HP&WLH BIN $TI HMDINWT HWA HHIB@ HMWDI&INI . 
AXT HB&IWT HMRKZIWT HMDAIGWT AT I$RAL HIA HGI$H LMID& MLWWIINI HRIGWL 
HAMRIQAIIM H&WQBIM AXR HMTRX$ B&IRAQ WBKWWIT . DWBR MXLQT HMDINH $L ARH"B , 
AMR ATMWL KI ARH"B " HITH BQ$R HDWQ &M I$RAL BM$K KL HTQWPH " $MAZ 
TXILT HM$BR BMPRC . HWA XZR W$IBX AT GI$T H"PRWPIL HNMWK " $I$RAL NWQ@T . 
MQWRWT I$RALIIM R$MIIM BWWA$ING@WN SIRBW LHGIB &L HIDI&WT , AW LMSWR 
AM $IXWT HTIAWM HAS@R@GI &WSQWT GM BTIAWM CBAI B&NIINI HMPRC . 

* 

M$RDI XBRTW $L HQBLN DWD $@RN , N$IA HKBWD $L MRKZ HQBLNIM $&SQIW K$LW , 
NMKRW ATMWL BBIT - HM$P@ LXBRT QPLN N&IM W$WT . XBRH ZW HPW&LT KSWKNWT 
BI@WX MIICGT BARC AT XBRT HBI@WX HAI@LQIT HNWD&T GNRLI , $HIA MB&LI HMNIWT 
$L XBRT HBI@WX MGDL $B$LI@T BNQ LAWMI . HM$RDIM $L XBRT DWD $@RN HNDSH 
WBINWI , BAMC&WTH P&L N$IA HQBLNIM , NMCAIM BBNIIN BN $TI QWMWT BRXWB 
LBWN@IN 61 , LID M$RDI MRKZ HQBLNIM , $M BILH $@RN AT MRBIT ZMNW . 
BAZWR ZH MWTR LBNWT % 051 M$@X HMGR$ . HM$RDIM NMKRW &L - IDI &W"D IHWDH 
LIBWBIC MM$RD &W"D MNWSBIC WGW@PRID , $HM HNAMNIM LBICW& HSDR HNW$IM 
$L $@RN . XMI$H GWRMIM HTMWDDW &L RKI$T HM$RDIM : XBRT DNWWR , $AXD 
MB&LIH HWA AHWD ALIAB , $HIH SMNK"L $IKWN &WBDIM ; NCIGIM $L XBRH ANGLIT ; 
XBRT MIRWMIT LDWDI - $M$ , $MNIWTIH NSXRWT BBWRSH HTL - ABIBIT ; HQBLN 
ALN PRWIND ; XBRT QPLN N&IM . HMXIR HRA$WNI $NDR$ TMWRT HM$RDIM HIH 045 
ALP DWLR , AK HQWNIM H&LW AT HMXIR BHDRGH BMHLK HMKIRH HPWMBIT $N&RKH 
BBIT - HM$P@ HMXWZI BT"A . HMXIRIM HW&LW L&TIM BSKWMIM Q@NIM $L 000 , 
5 DWLR , &D $HMXIR QPC L067 ALP DWLR , BK%04 IWTR MMH $NDR$ BTXILH . 
IXD &M HM&"M I$LMW HMWKRIM K509 ALP D . B&QBWT HMKIRH IHIH CWRK GM LPNWT 
BIT - KNST BQWMT HQRQ& . 

* 

MW&CT MRKZ H$L@WN HMQWMI HDIXH ATMWL AT ALI LNDAW MTPQIDW KIW"R HMW&CH 
WIW"R HHNHLH HMCWMCMT $L HMRKZ , WHBI&H AMWN BIW"R HMRKZ MQSIM LWI WB$AR 
XBRI HNHLT HMRKZ . BKK HGI& L$IAW HSKSWK HMMW$K BIN $NI NCIGI HLIKWD 
BMRKZ H$L@WN HMQWMI . HHDXH HTAP$RH HWDWT LHSKM QWALICIWNI XD$ $SWKM BX$AI 
BIN LWI LXBRI SI&T HM&RK BMRKZ H$L@WN HMQWMI . AN$I HM&RK HKRIZW LPNI 
KMH $BW&WT &L PRI$TM MHMRKZ , LNWKX HSKSWK BIN LWI LLNDAW , AWLM HM 
XZRW BHM LAXR $HGI&W LHSKM &M LWI , $LPIW ITMKW BW BHDXT LNDAW WBTMWRH 
IQBL NCIG HM&RK AT TPQID IW"R HMW&CH . B&QBWT HHSKM MWNH ATMWL AI$ HM&RK 
I&QB WISMWNSQI , RA$ MW&CT GB&T - $MWAL , LIW"R HMW&CH BPW&L , WBQRWB 
IWBA MINWIW LAI$WR HMW&CH . LNDAW &CMW LA HWPI& ATMWL LKINWS , LAXR $$L$WM 
NISH LB@L AWTW B@&NH KI AINW XWQI , M$WM $HHNHLH $INTH LLA SMKWT AT SDR 
HIWM $L HI$IBH . &L - PI HXL@TM $L LWI WSGNIW , AN$I M&RK WLIKWD , 
HWXL@ LQIIM AT HI$IBH KPI $NQB& . QPIDBINPXWT MMXCIT MTWK KLL 081 XBRI 
HMW&CH HGI&W LASIPH . AI$ MRA$I H&IRIWT HGDWLWT LA HGI& LKINWS . &L - 
PI HC&TW $L PRWSPR AZRN , IW"R PWRWM RA$I &RI HPITWX , HWXL@ LH&MID 
LHCB&H AT HHC&H LHDIX AT LWI WSGNIW WLPZR HHNHLH , KPI $DR$ LNDAW . 
HHC&H NDXTH PH AXD . HMTX GAH KA$R HW&MDH LHCB&H HHC&H LHDIX AT LNDAW 
MTPQIDIW BMRKZ H$L@WN HMQWMI , LMRWT $TWCAWTIH HIW IDW&WT MRA$ LNWKX 
HHSKM BIN LWI LAN$I HM&RK . 65 MXBRI HMW&CH HCBI&W B&D HDXTW $L LNDAW , 
61 NMN&W W$LW$H HTNGDW . ALI LNDAW HGIB ATMWL BAWMRW KI HKINWS WHHCB&H 
AINM XWQIIM , WKI HWA MTKWWN LPNWT LBIT - HM$P@ BDRI$H LB@L AT TWCAWT 
HHCB&H . BTWKNIT " &RB XD$ " AMR ATMWL LNDAW KI LWI HPR HSKMIM $XTM 
&MW &L XLWQT SMKWIWT B&BWDT HMRKZ , LMRWT HXL@H $L BIT M$P@ $AI$RR AT 
HHSKMIM HLLW . LNDAW HWSIP KI BHCB&H NKXW RQ MQCT MRA$I HR$WIWT XBRI HMW&CH , 
KWLM TWMKI LWI , WHGDIR AT HHTKNSWT K"ASIPH $L W&D P&ILI H$KWNH " . 
LNDAW TQP BXRIPWT AT LWI BAWMRW KI HWA AINW MWK$R LKHN KIW"R MRKZ H$L@WN 
HMQWMI WKI HBIA L$ITWQ MWXL@ BP&ILWT HMRKZ . QPIDBINMQSIM LWI AMR BTGWBH 
KI KINWS MW&CT HMRKZ WHHCB&H N&RKW LPI HTQNWN . HWA HDGI$ KI HMW&CH 
KWNSH &L - PI DRI$T LNDAW WHCBI&H &L HC&H $HWA &CMW H&LH , WHWSIP KI 
LNDAW M$TM$ NGDW BBI@WIIM $HIW MQWBLIM B$NWT HXMI$IM . " AINNI RWCH 
LHTIIXS LBI@WIIM $AIN LHM MQWM BIMINW . ANI LA ZQWQ $LNDAW IKIR BKI$WRI . 
ALH $BXRW BI LTPQID BI@AW AT H&RKTM LKI$WRI , WLNDAW HWA HAXRWN $IKWL 
LH&NIQ CIWNIM LKI$WRIM $L MI$HW " . X"K MRDKI WIR$WBSQI , XBR MW&CT &IRIIT 
TL - ABIB M@&M SI&T RC , HWDI& ATMWL KI BKWWNTW LIZWM HC&T XWQ XD$H , 
$LPIH IHPWK MRKZ H$L@WN HMQWMI LGWP S@@W@WRI $IIQB&W BW NWHLI BXIRH WTIPQWD 
MXIIBIM &L - PI NWRMWT $IQB& HMXWQQ . KIWM MRKZ H$L@WN HMQWMI HIA &MWTH , 
$HXBRWT BH HIA WWLWN@RIT . HC&T XWQ ZW NW&DH LHB@IX $LMW&CT HMRKZ WW&DWTIW 
IIBXRW GM XBRI MW&CWT BR$WIWT HMQWMIWT , MHQWALICIH WMHAWPWZICIH , WLA 
RQ RA$I R$WIWT WSGNIHM . BHC&T HXWQ IWB@X GM M&MDW $L MRKZ H$L@WN HMQWMI , 
&L - DI QBI&H $L XWBT HTII&CWT $L HMM$LH &M HMRKZ , BKL NW$A HNWG& 
L$L@WN HMQWMI . 

* 

XILWQI D&WT $WRRIM BIN $R HT&$IIH WHMSXR , M$H NSIM , WBIN NGID BNQ 
I$RAL , MIKAL BRWNW , B&NIIN GWBH HPRMIH &L HHLWWAH B&RBWT HMDINH , 
$IINTNW BMSGRT HTWKNIT L&IDWD H$Q&WT $L M$RD HTM"S . ATMWL DNH W&DT 
HKSPIM BHC&T M$RD HT&$IIH WM$RD HAWCR LQBW& PRMIH AXIDH &L HHLWWAWT B&RBWT 
MDINH B$I&WR $L % 5 . 1 LKL HH$Q&WT BRXBI HARC . DQWT MSPR LPNI TXILT 
HI$IBH BNDWN , @ILPN BRWNW AL IW"R W&DT HKSPIM , X"K ABRHM $WX@ , 
WBIQ$ MMNW $HWW&DH LA TQBL HXL@H B&NIIN B@RM IWPI& BPNIH . BRWNW @&N 
KI PRMIH BGWBH % 5 . 1 NMWKH MDI . $WX@ N&NH LBQ$H WZIMN AT BRWNW LHWPI& 
BI$IBTH HBAH $L HWW&DH , BIWM B . NCIGI HTM"S , HMNK"L CBI QWRN WMNHL 
MRKZ HH$Q&WT M$H @RI , @ILPNW AL H$R NSIM WMSRW LW &L HXL@TW $L $WX@ . 
NSIM @ILPN AL $WX@ WDXQ BW LQBL HXL@H LLA DIXWI . HWA HSBIR KI BMWC"$ 
I@WS LXW"L WAINW IKWL LHWPI& BPNI MARXIW BLI HXL@WT $IBIAW LII$WM TWKNITW 
L&IDWD H$Q&WT HWN . $WX@ HB@IX KI HWW&DH TQBL HXL@H BI$IBTH HQRWBH . 
HWW&DH HM$IKH ATMWL AT HDIWN BNW$A MXIRI HDLQ WBPNIH HWPI&W RA$I M$RD 
HAWCR WHANRGIH . AXDIM MHX"KIM TB&W LXIIB AT M$RDI HAWCR WHANRGIH LQBL 
AT HSKMT HWW&DH KL AIMT $IRCW LH&LWT AT MXIRI HDLQ , BDWMH LN&$H LGBI 
MXIRI HMIM . X"KIM AXRIM HCI&W LHP&IL AT QRN HH$WWAH . QRN ZW NW&DH 
LG$R &L PNI $INWII HMXIRIM $L HDLQ MXWD$ LXWD$ . P&WLT HQRN BW@LH R$MIT 
&M HP&LT HRPWRMH BM$Q HDLQ . MRBIT HX"KIM TB&W LHWZIL LALTR AT MXIRI HDLQ . 
X"K ABRHM KC - &WZ AMR KI LMM$LH AIN MDINIWT BRWRH BNW$A MXIRI HDLQ . 
B&BR NQB&W MXIRI HDLQ &L - PI " NWSXT LH - WRH " . BAXRWNH HWXLPH $I@H 
ZW B"$IQWL D&T " $L $RI HANRGIH WHAWCR . HWA @&N KI H&LAT MXIRI HDLQ 
TWRMT LHACT HAINPLCIH . X"K DN TIKWN AMR KI AIN MDINIWT KWLLT BNW$A MXIRI 
HDLQ , WLKN HG&NW LMCB $BW MXIR HDLQ BARC HTQIIR M&L WM&BR LMTXIIB . 
I$RAL HIA HMDINH HIXIDH $IIQRH AT MXIRI HDLQ M13 BDCMBR 98 W&D HIWM B$I&WR 
$L % 37 . HM$M&WT LKK HIA DHIRH $L HAINPLCIH . HMMWNH &L HKNSWT HMDINH 
BAWCR , IWRM GBAI , AMR $KL HMSIM BI$RAL MXW$BIM KAXWZ MHMXIR . MXIRI 
HDLQ &LW WLKN HMS BHM &LH RIALIT . &M ZAT , I$ HRBH MAWD MWCRIM $MXIRM 
&LH PXWT MHMMWC& . LPIKK , BMQRIM ALW HMSIM &LW PXWT MHMMWC& WAI AP$R 
KL P&M L&DKN AT $I&WRI HMS &"P $INWII HMXIRIM . GBAI HWSIP KI $I&WR 
HBLW BI$RAL NMWK MHMQWBL BAIRWPH . LMNI&T &LIWT MXIRIM , HWA TWMK BHWRDT 
HBLW , ABL LA KMKNIZM LHWZLWT QBW&WT . MNK"L HAWCR , I&QB LIP$IC , 
HSBIR KI BSP@MBR - AWQ@WBR NR$MW &LIWT MXIRIM $L % 11 B$WQ HBI"L . I$RAL 
LA IIQRH AT HDLQ BTQWPH ZW . BNWBMBR NR$MH BXW"L IRIDH BMXIRI HDLQ , 
$QIZZH AT H&LATM BSP@MBR - AWQ@WBR . LIP$IC AMR &WD KI &D KH NCBR &WDP 
HKNSWT $L K05 MILIWN $ BGIN H&LAT MXIRI HDLQ . AM MXIRI HDLQ II$ARW BM$K 
$NH BRMTM HNWKXIT , HRI $BH$WWAH LTXZIT HTQCIB IHIH &WDP $L 013 MILIWN 
$ . 

* 

BKL HQ$WR LCD HHWCAH . I$ LI B&IH &M HMQWRWT WHHKNSWT . BP&M HRA$WNH 
TWG$ LMM$LH WLKNST MSGRT TQCIB $THIH MWTNIT BIKWLT LGIIS AT HMQWRWT HNWSPIM 
LQLI@T H&LIIH . HMM$LH TC@RK LHXLI@ AM LHM$IK BQLI@H HI$IRH , &L KL 
HM$TM& MKK " . DBRIM ALH AMR ATMWL $R HAWCR , ICXQ MWD&I , B&RB &IWN 
$QIIM HMRKZ HI$RALI LNIHWL BNW$A HTWKNIT HKLKLIT WH$LKWTIH &L HM$Q . &WD 
AMR $R HAWCR , KI BTQCIB 1991 CPWI QICWC &MWQ BHWCAWT HMM$LTIWT WBRMT 
HXIIM $L HAWKLWSIIH , TWK " PGI&H BKIS " . HGIR&WN HMQWRI BTQCIB HMDINH 
HIH K6 MILIARD $"X , W&LH LIWTR M01 MILIARD , AWLM LDBRI MWD&I HXSM 
LHXMRT HMCB IHIH HIKWLT LGIIS HWN BXW"L . LDBRIW , I$ BTQCIB HXD$ HNXWT 
BSISIWT , $QWB&WT &RBWIWT $L MM$LT ARH"B WGIWS HWN MH&M HIHWDI , AK 
HMSPRIM LA$WRM &DIIN LA IDW&IM . BDBRW &L MCB HT&SWQH MTX MWD&I BIQWRT 
XRIPH &L HQWLWT $HW$M&W LAXR $KWXWT HBI@XWN SGRW AT H$@XIM , B&WD $HH&DRWT 
$L PW&LI H$@XIM LRGL XGIM AW AIRW&IM AXRIM MTQBLT BHBNH . " AIN KL MXWIBWT 
LTT L&WBD M&ZH $KR $NTI $L 000 , 01 $"X B$NH , K$HHWCAH HKWLLT LT$LWMI 
$KR LPW&LI H$@XIM HIA K2 . 1 MILIARD DWLR B$NH " , HWSIP MWD&I . NGID 
BNQ I$RAL , HPRWPSWR MIKAL BRWNW , AMR KI HCLXT HTWKNIT TLWIH B&IQR 
BN@ILT MNHIGWT WAXRIWT $L RA$ HMM$LH , KPI $QWRH BMDINWT AXRWT . " BLI 
AXRIWT WBLI MNHIGWT MRA$ HMM$LH , HTWKNIT LA TTBC& " , AMR BRWNW . " &L 
RA$ HMM$LH LTT GIBWI MLA L$R HAWCR BKL P&ILWTW . AM HMM$LH LA T$KIL LP&WL 
BRA$ AXD , THIH ZW HX@AH GDWLH " . MZK"L HHSTDRWT , I$RAL QISR , @&N 
$LA NWCRH BCIBWR AWWIRH $L MCB XRWM . L@&NTW , AIN LMM$LH QWNCPCIH BRWRH , 
WHIA LA QIBLH AT HC&WT HHSTDRWT BKMH TXWMIM , KMW H@LT MS LQLI@T H&LIIH 
&L KL HCIBWR , HQPAT RMT HXIIM L$NTIIM W@IPWL BTWSPT HIWQR . MZK"L HTAXDWT 
HT&$IINIM , DB LAW@MN , @&N KI HXL@WT HMM$LH BTXWM &IDWD HT&$IIH AINN 
NKWNWT , WKI &TWIIN AWMLL . " HICWA AINW &WLH , $&R HXLIPIN NMWK BIWTR 
WLM&$H MWQPA , WLA IHIW DWR$IM LTWKNITW $L $R HMSXR WHT&$IIH , M$H NSIM , 
L&IDWD HT&$IIH WHH$Q&WT BH " . &WD N$AW DBRIM B&RB H&IWN : MNK"L M$RD 
HAWCR I&QB LIP$IC , HPRWPSWR CBI ZWSMN MAWNIBRSI@T TL - ABIB , IW"R 
W&DT HKSPIM X"K ABRHM $WX@ , MNK"L XBRT @B& ALI HWRWBIC , WIW"R XBRT 
H&WBDIM PRWPSWR AITN $$INSQI . 

* 

HNHLT BNQ I$RAL TDWN BIMIM HQRWBIM BHC&H L$INWI R$IWN HHP&LH HNITN LBNQIM 
II&WDIIM , KK $HM IWKLW LP&WL KBNQIM MSXRIIM LKL DBR . AT HHC&H IZM 
HPIQWX &L HBNQIM , MTWK HNXH $B$NIM HQRWBWT IIALCW HBNQIM LHRXIB AT MGWWN 
HP&ILWT H&SQIT $LHM LNWKX HTXRWT HRBH $THIH B&NP . HHXL@H NWG&T GM LMDINIWT 
HAWCR $HXLH B$NT 5891 , LPIH I$ LCMCM AT P&ILWT HTIWWK $L HBNQIM HII&WDIIM 
BKL HNWG& LP&ILWIWT MM$LTIWT . MSIBH ZW HWXL@ KI MW@B $LBNQIM HII&WDIIM 
IHIW AP$RWIWT &SQIWT NWSPWT LHGDLT MQWRWT HRWWXIWT . HHMLCWT $ITQBLW &QB 
HDIWN I$M$W KBSIS L$INWI XWQ HBNQAWT - RI$WI . MI $IIHNH MH$INWI IHIW 
B&IQR HBNQIM LM$KNTAWT , $MRBITM HWGBLW &D KH BIKWLT HP&ILWT $LHM . 
BNQIM II&WDIIM , $P&LW B&BR KDWGMT HBNQ LPITWX HT&$IIH , PW&LIM ZH MKBR 
KBNQIM MSXRIIM LKL DBR . 

* 

T$WAWT GBWHWT IXSIT . MDWBR BT$WAWT RIALIWT N@W , $HW$GW LAXR NIKWI 
DMI NIHWL . QWPT HGML $WMRWN H$IGH T$WAH RIALIT $L % 69 . 4 , AWRIT % 63 . 
4 , LIAWR % 10 . 3 , NIRIT % 29 . 2 , WHDR % 58 . 2 . LA BRWR AM GM 
QWPWT HGML $L HBNQIM HAXRIM ( LM&@ @PXWT WDISQWN@ ) I$IGW T$WAWT DWMWT . 


* 

HQIBWC HARCI I$QI& 2 MILIWN $"X BPITWX " XMI IWAB " LID QIBWC $DH IWAB 
BDRWM . BATR I$ $$ BRIKWT MQWRWT &M MI GWPRIT HMNWCLIM LM@RWT MRPA . 
WMBQRIM BHN MDI IWM K000 , 2 AI$ HSWBLIM MB&IWT BPRQIM , KABI GB WKIWCA 
BALH . HH$Q&H &LIH HWXL@ BQIBWC HARCI NW&DH LHQMTM $L MKWN L@IPWLIM HIDRWTRPIIM , 
SAWNH , BIT MRXC WMS&DH . B$LB ZH AIN BD&T HQIBWC HARCI LHQIM MLWN BMQWM , 
ALA LHTBSS &L T$TIT QIIMT $L MLWNWT BA$QLWN W"CIMRIM " BQIBWCIM HSMWKIM 
NGBH WRBDIM . AWRXN LNHGIM LID QIBWC BIT GWBRIN , HM$LB TXNT DLQ &M MS&DH , 
MRKZ MKIRWT WMID& LNHGIM , IIPTX BINWAR HQRWB , BH$Q&H $L 2 . 1 MILIWN 
$"X . LH$Q&H $WTPIM HTQ"M , HQIBWC HARCI WXBRT DLQ , $XLQH BH$Q&H HWA 
HGDWL BIWTR . &D KH HQIMW HTNW&WT HQIBWCIWT T$& MS&DWT DRKIM . 

* 

( & ) . BIT M$P@ H$LWM BTL - ABIB GZR ATMWL &WN$I MASR &L - TNAI WQNSWT 
KSPIIM &L IWRM PWRT WABRHM RMN , MNHLI XBRT HMIMWN WHH$Q&WT TWMI@I H$Q&WT 
WSXR BINLAWMI B&"M . PWRT WRMN HWR$&W BQBLT DBR BTXBWLH . L@&NT HTBI&H , 
SIRBW HNA$MIM LH$IB &MLH BSK 575 $"X $GBW MBNI ZWG , $BIQ$W AT &ZRTM 
BHSDRT HLWWAH LCWRK RKI$T MKWNIT . LM&$H , LA NTNW HNA$MIM $WM II&WC 
LBNI HZWG . PWRT NIDWN L01 XWD$I MASR &L - TNAI WLQNS $L 000 , 3 $"X . 
RMN NIDWN L6 XWD$I MASR &L - TNAI WQNS $L 500 , 1 $"X . XBRT TWMI@I 
NQNSH B000 , 3 $"X . 

* 

HWNGRIH WI$RAL IRXIBW AT $ITWP HP&WLH B&IDWD TNW&T TIIRWT HDDIT . HSKMH 
&L KK HW$GH BTWM SDRT PGI$WT BIN MNK"L M$RD HTIIRWT , ABRHM RWZN@L , 
LGWRMI TIIRWT WT&WPH BBWDP$@ . MDIN - WX$BWN $HGI& ATMWL LIRW$LIM &WLH 
KI BTWM PGI$H BIN RWZN@L LBIN MNK"L XBRT HT&WPH HLAWMIT $L HWNGRIH , 
MALB , SWKM KI MH03 BNWBMBR &D H7 BDCMBR TBQR BI$RAL M$LXT $L 04 &ITWNAI 
TIIRWT MHWNGRIH . AT HSIWR IARGN NCIG XBRT HT&WPH BARC . M$RD HTIIRWT 
ISII& BARGWN HSIWR , WAP IARX AT XBRI HM$LXT LARWXH XGIGIT , BH IWKLW 
LHIPG$ &M $R HTIIRWT , GD&WN PT . 002 SWKNI NSI&WT MBRI@NIH H$TTPW B&RB 
TIIRWT $L I$RAL BBWDP$@ , $HTQIIM BMSGRT KINWS HTAXDWT SWKNI HNSI&WT 
WHTIIRWT $L BRI@NIH ( AB@"A ) . HAIRW& HTQIIM BM&MD $GRIR I$RAL , 
$LMH MRWM . BIN HM$TTPIM HIW CMRT HNHLT AB@"A WKN SWKNI NSI&WT MRKZIIM 
BBRI@NIH . QBLT HPNIM N&RKH BSIMN H&IR AILT . MNK"L M$RD HTIIRWT HDGI$ 
BDBRIW LPNI HNWKXIM , KI B&WD H@MPR@WRH BBWDP$@ HIA APS M&LWT , MRAH 
H@MPR@WRH BAILT 82 M&LWT CLSIWS . LDBRI RWZN@L , HW$LMW BHCLXH HMG&IM 
&M SI@WNAI HTIIRWT $L BRI@NIH , $HTXIIBW LHM$IK WLPRSM AT I$RAL BTWKNIWT 
QIC 19 . 

* 

" GPRIS " , R$T HMS&DWT LMZWN MHIR , SGRH AT SNIPH BRXWB ALNBI BTL ABIB , 
&QB HPSDIM $L MAWT ALPI DWLR . L"HARC " NMSR KI GM B$NI HSNIPIM HAXRIM 
$L HR$T , BTXNH HMRKZIT BTL ABIB WBHRCLIH , I$ Q$IIM . HR$T HINH BB&LWTW 
$L AI$ H&SQIM IHW$& S@RWISQI $PW&L BAMC&WT XBRT I . S@RWISQI MIMWN WH$Q&WT . 
HR$T PTXH LPNI K$NH SNIP BRXWB ALNBI 311 TL ABIB . HMQWM , B$@X $L 
K081 M"R HWA BB&LWTW $L AI$ H&SQIM MIKAL &QILWB , HB&LIM $L XBRH LIBWA 
W$IWWQ MK$IRI X$ML . B&LI HR$T HTXIIBW L$LM $KR DIRH $L K4500 DWLR LXWD$ , 
KLWMR 52 DWLR LM"R , LA KWLL M&"M . HM H$QI&W B$IPWC HMBNH , $HIH 
B&BR B$IMW$ BNQ LAWMI , K001 ALP DWLR . HR$T H$KIRH AT HMS&DH LLIAWR 
KRMI $HP&IL AT HXNWT &L BSIS $L ZIKIWN . AM$ AMR S@RWISQI L"HARC " $DMI 
H$KIRWT HIWW K%52 MMXZWR HMKIRWT . HM HPSIQW L$LM $KR DIRH WHGI&W LSKSWKIM 
M$P@IIM &M MIKAL &QILWB , $BIQ$ MBIT HM$P@ LMNWT KWNS NKSIM LMS&DH . 
B&LI HR$T HCI&W L&QILWB LHPXIT AT $KR HDIRH L0003 DWLR , AK &QILWB 
SIRB . LAXR DIWNIM M$P@IIM WM$A WMTN HGI&W AM$ HCDDIM LHSKM P$RH LPIW 
IWXZR HMQWM L&QILWB &D 61 BNWBMBR WITB@LW HTBI&WT HHDDIWT BIN HCDDIM 
. L"HARC " NWD& KI GM $NI HSNIPIM HAXRIM $L HR$T BQ$IIM &L RQ& IRIDH 
BMKIRWT . 

* 

&WBDI MSWP HM@&NIM BNML HT&WPH BN GWRIWN ( MM"N ) MAIIMIM L$B$ AT H&BWDH 
AM TMWM$ HTKNIT $L R$WT HXBRWT HMM$LTIWT LH&MID LMKIRH % 62 MMNIWT MM"N 
LIZMIM PR@IIM . W&D &WBDI MM"N $IGR BIMIM ALH MKTB LMNK"L R$WT HXBRWT 
HMM$LTIWT , ZAB RPWAH , $BW HWA @W&N $HHXL@H LMKWR NTX ZH MMNIWT MM"N 
LGWRMIM PR@IIM , MHWWH $INWI B&MDT HXBRH WPGI&H BAIN@RSIM $L H&WBDIM , 
" $HM XLQ MHMLAI H&SQI $L HXBRH " , KHGDRT HWW&D . HWW&D DWR$ BMKTBW 
LHIWT $WTP BKL HXL@H &L &TID HXBRH WBMIWXD LGBI MKIRH AP$RIT $L MNIWTIH 
WKN LAP$R L&WBDIM LH$TTP BMKRZ BMSGRTW IWCAW LMKIRH MNIWT $L HXBRH WZAT 
BTNAIM $WWIM MWL M$QI&IM AXRIM . PNIITW $L W&D H&WBDIM LMNK"L R$WT HXBRWT 
HMM$LTIWT BAH BHM$K LMKTB $XBRI HWW&D $IGRW L$R HAWCR ICXQ MWD&I WL$R 
HTXBWRH M$H QCB , LPNI 01 IMIM , $BW DR$W KI XLQ MMNIWT HMM$LH $IWNPQW 
BBWRSH LNIIRWT &RK , IWQCW L&WBDIM BTNAIM MW&DPIM , KPI $N&$H LGBI XBRT 
" BZQ " . HCIBWR MXZIQ KIWM B%84 MMNIWT MM"N . % 62 MHMNIWT HM BIDI T$"T , 
XBRH BT $L AL &L W%62 MHMNIWT MXZIQH HMM$LH . MNK"L R$WT HXBRWT HMM$LTIWT 
AMR AM$ BTGWBH , $H&WBDIM KBR QIBLW AT XLQM BMNIWT HXBRH WLPIKK TBI&TM 
LHQCAH NWSPT $L MNIWT HIA " XWCPNIT " . LDBRIW , @&NWTIW $L HWW&D NGD 
HMKIRH LGWRMIM PR@IIM " AINM L&NIIN " WLPIKK HWA MSRB LHIPG$ &MW . RPWAH 
MSR KI $LW$H GWRMIM PR@IIM , I$RALIM WZRIM , MT&NIINIM BRKI$T MNIWT 
BXBRH . 

* 

$R HAWCR ICXQ MWD&I WMZK"L HHSTDRWT I$RAL QISR &WMDIM LHIPG$ HIWM LDIWN 
NWSP &L H$LMT HSKMI $KR BMGZR HCIBWRI . MRBIT S&IPI HHSKM KBR SWKMW , 
WHWA IIXTM KKL HNRAH B$BW& HBA . HAWCR TWB& MHHSTDRWT LHTXIIB L$Q@ T&$IITI 
BTQWPT HHSKM LA RQ &L HNW$AIM HQ$WRIM BW BMI$RIN , ALA AM GM &L NW$AIM 
IIXWDIIM &LIHM HWKRZW SKSWKI &BWDH , KGWN TBI&WT &WBDI M$RD HQLI@H WM$RD 
HXWC . RA$ HAGP LAIGWD MQCW&I , XIIM HBRPLD , ICA $L$WM LHWLND LKINWS 
HAIGWDIM HMQCW&IIM HHWLNDIIM . SGNW , APRIM ZILWNI , &WRK BDIQH &L 
AP$RWT LQBW& AT HSDRI H$KR BXBRWT MM$LTIWT BRMH MP&LIT , WLA BHSKM KWLL . 
KK NBDQT IKWLTN $L HT&$IIH HAWWIRIT WRPA"L L$LM TWSPWT $KR , &LIHN SWKM . 
BHTIIXSW LTBI&T HAWCR MHHSTDRWT , LKLWL B$Q@ HT&$IITI GM SKSWKI &BWDH 
IIXWDIIM , AWMR ZILWNI KI HHSTDRWT AINH IKWLH LHTXIIB B$M &WBDIM $PNW 
L&RKAWT M$P@IWT , MH GM $H&ILH LSKSWKIM ALH AINH Q$WRH BHSKMI H$KR HARCIIM 
ALA BNW$AIM IXWDIIM . A$R LTBI&WT HAQDMAIM , LHRXIB AT BSIS H$KR LCWRK 
PNSIH , HW$GH HSKMH LH&LWT AT QCBAWT HGMLAIM $BINIHM . XLQM IQBLW 544 
$"X B$NH BS&IP BIGWD , BMQWM 022 $"X &D KH . XLQ AXR IQBL 716 $"X . 
&D KH XWLQW HGMLAIM LCWRK ZH LARB& RMWT . BIWM A IM$IKW RA$I HAIGWD HMQCW&I 
WHAWCR LNSX AT S&IPI HSKM H$KR . 

* 

M$RD HTIIRWT XTM XWZH XD$ L$ITWP P&WLH &M XBRT PWLMN HWLIDIIS MBRI@NIH 
MP&ILT @ISWT H$KR HWWTIQH BIWTR BMDINH ZW . BMSGRT $ITWP HP&WLH IWDPSW 
H$NH XCI MILIWN XWBRWT $IWWQ , WBHN MID& &L ATRI TIIRWT BMDINT I$RAL . 
HXWBRT TWPC LK51 ALP SWKNI NSI&WT . KN TQIIM HXBRH $LW$ @ISWT $KR $BW&IWT 
LI$RAL B&WNT TIIRWT HQIC HQRWBH . BSIWRIM $TCI& HXBRH IIKLLW KL I&DI HTIIRWT 
BARC . KN IWC&W SIWRI @WS WS& , XWP$WT RIPWI BIM HMLX WSIWR M$WTP I$RAL - 
MCRIM , TWK DG$ &L HIS@WRIH &TIQH . 

* 

LWNDWN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . &L HBNIIN HGBWH BIWTR BLWNDWN HWRKB ATMWL 
HGG , DMWI - HPIRMIDH , WBKK HSTIIM $LB HBNIIH . HBNIIN , HNQRA MGDL 
QANARI WRP WHMTN$A LGWBH $L 05 QWMWT , NBNH &L - IDI HAXIM RIIKMN HQNDIIM , 
BAMC&WT HXBRH $NMCAT B$LI@TM , AWLIMPIH WIWRQ . AZWR HPITWX $L QANARI 
WRP MKIL KM&@ MILIWN M"R $L $@X RCPH MH $MQBIL LKM&@ % 02 MN H$@X $L HSI@I 
$L LWNDWN KARB&H QILWM@RIM M&RBH . HRWB& HWA PITWX XD$ BAZWR HMZX WHNML 
HI$NIM . BMGDL IHIW 23 M&LIWT , WI&BDW BW 500 , 11 AN$IM . HAXIM RIIKMN , 
$I$ LHM AIN@RSIM NRXBIM GM BI$RAL , NX$BIM LB&LI HMQRQ&IM HGDWLIM BIWTR 
BNIW IWRQ . PRWIQ@ HMZX BLWNDWN HWA HGDWL BIWTR $LQXW &L &CMM &D KH , 
WHM H$QI&W BW IWTR M6 MILIARD DWLR . KDI LMMN XLQ MMNW , BTQWPH $L SIMNI 
MITWN BBRI@NIH W&WDP $@X LM$RDIM , MKRW HAXIM LPNI KXWD$IIM MQRQ&IM BARH"B 
B$WWI $L K008 MILIWN DWLR . 

* 

H$WP@T &DNH GBRIALI MBIT - HDIN L&BWDH BTL - ABIB HWCIAH CW BINIIM $LA 
L&$WT KL $INWI BNKSI DIWR L&WLH BRX X$MWNAIM 19 BTL - ABIB , &D LDIWN 
$II&RK BPNIH B91 BNWBMBR , BW TI$M& BQ$TW $L HMNK"L L$&BR $L HXBRH LHGDIL 
AT H&IQWL HZMNI &L NKSI XBRT DIWR L&WLH B&"M . HCW HWCA &WD LPNI $NWD& 
&L HXL@T HSWKNWT LMKWR AT HXBRH LAI$ - H&SQIM IWSI DIAMN@ . AHRWN DB QMXI 
HIH K&$R $NIM IW"R WMNHL H&SQIM $L XBRH - BT $L HSWKNWT HIHWDIT H&WSQT 
BBNIIH : DIWR L&WLH B&"M . QMXI HWDX MTPQIDW BDIWR L&WLH , BSWP $NT 
7891 , &L - IDI NCIGI HSWKNWT DIRQ@WRIWN HXBRH , LMRWT $HIH LW XWZH 
&BWDH MWB@X LTQWPH QCWBH $L &WD K$LW$ $NIM . B&QBWT ZAT , B$NT 8891 , 
HGI$ QMXI , BAMC&WT &W"D XIIM BRNZWN , TBI&H LBIT - HDIN L&BWDH NGD 
DIWR L&WLH . QMXI TB& LPCWTW B&IQR &L HPRT XWZH H&BWDH B@RM &T , WL$LM 
LW PICWIIM BGWBH $KRW HCPWI L&TID , PICWII P@WRIM MWGDLIM BGIN $NWT H&BWDH , 
PDIWN XWP$H , GMWL HWD&H MWQDMT WKW , BSKWM KWLL $L K057 ALP $"X . 
HCDDIM HSKIMW BZMNW L&QL AT M$RDI DIWR L&WLH BTL - ABIB BSKWM $L 052 
ALP DWLR , KDI LHB@IX $LQMXI IHIH MMH LGBWT HKSPIM LMQRH $IZKH . BBQ$H 
LBIT - HDIN @&N &W"D XIIM BRNZWN KI H&IQWL HI$N AINW MSPIQ WXLW MAZ $INWIIM 
MHWTIIM . RA$IT , XLPW K$NTIIM , WSKWM HTBI&H TPX BGLL HAINPLCIH BLBD 
LK4 . 1 MILIWN $QL . $NIT , &D $IINTN PSQ - DIN SWPI BBIT - HDIN HAZWRI 
L&BWDH , WAWLI B&R&WR WBBG"C , IXLWP ZMN RB . SKWM HTBI&H &LWL LGDWL 
BIWTR . KMW KN , HSWKNWT HWCIAH MKRZ LMKIRH DIWR L&WLH WSIRBH L&RWB LQMXI 
LXWBWT DIWR L&WLH KLPIW . &L - KN PNH HTWB& LBIH"D . 

* 

MZKIR HHSTDRWT BMRXB XIPH , AWRI AGMI , TWB& BPNIIH L$R H&BWDH WHRWWXH 
LHKRIZ &L MQCW&WT HBNIIH KMQCW&WT MW&DPIM , $I$ LHPNWT ALIHM M$ABIM , 
WBKK LHPKM LMQCW&WT NDR$IM &L IDI XIILIM M$WXRRRIM W&WLIM XD$IM . AGMI 
@&N KI &L MM$LT I$RAL LH&NIQ LXBRWT HBNIIH BI$RAL M&NQIM L&IDWD HKNT @KNWLWGIWT 
XD$WT L&NP , WAT &WBDI HBNIN L&WDD &L IDI $KR MW&DP WMWGDL $IW&BR I$IRWT 
L&WBD , WLA LXBRWT HBNIIH . BI$IBH H$BW&IT $L MZKIRWT HHSTDRWT BMRXB 
XIPH $HTQIIMH ATMWL NMSR KI B$BW&IIM HAXRWNIM XLH &LIIH BDRI$H LPW&LIM 
B&NP HBNIIH , LRBWT DRI$H LPW&LIM BLTI MQCW&IIM , AK NWKX H$KR HNMWK 
HMWC& LDWR$I H&BWDH , HH&NWT HITH M&@H . BI$IBH HWXL@ $AGWDT PW&LI HBNIIN 
BHSTDRWT MRXB XIPH , TGI$ BIMIM HQRWBIM HC&H L$INWI BMBNH H$KR $L PW&LI 
HBNIIN BM@RH LM$WK &WBDIM L&NP ZH . MRKZ HAGWDH , $MXH ABHR , MSR KI 
RQ 61 MW&MDIM , MHM 01 &WLIM W$I$H XIILIM M$WXRRIM , NR$MW LQWRS HRA$WN 
LHK$RH MQCW&IT B&NPI HBNIIH $HTQIM BMKLLT &ML BQRIIT XIIM BIWZMT HHSTDRWT , 
WM$RD H&BWDH WHRWWXH . 

* 

HQHILH HIHWDIT $L IWCAI QWBH BARH"B MARGNT MS& HZDHWT &M MDINT I$RAL . 
MDIWWX $HGI& ATMWL LM$RD HTIIRWT BIRW$LIM , I$TTPWBM$LXT KMAH MRA$I 
HQHILH . HBIQWR MTWKNN LHTQIIM BXWD$ MARS HQRWB WITLWW ALIW AN$I TQ$WRT 
DWBRI SPRDIT WBHM CWWTI @LWWIZIH W&ITWNAIM . B&T HBIQWR MBQ$IM HM$TTPIM 
LQIIM C&DT HZDHWT &M MDINT I$RAL BRXWBWT IRW$LIM WPGI$WT &M N$IA HMDINH , 
$R HTIIRWT WXBRI KNST . 

* 

ZNWWH ( &"R ) . NCIGI MDINWT MTPTXWT MASIH , AMRIQH HDRWMIT WASIH , 
HBI&W ATMWL DAGH &MWQH NWKX HQIPAWN HNM$K B$IXWT GA@"@ , $M@RTN RPWRMH 
MRXIQT LKT BSXR H&WLMI . " HRW$M HWA $NWCR $M QIPAWN MWXL@ " , AMR $R 
HXWC $L WNCWALH , RIINALDW PIGWARDW , B$MN $L 51 MDINWT MTPTXWT . " AIN 
LRAWT HTQDMWT B$WM NW$A " , HWSIP LAXR $NPG$ &M HWW&DH $L QBWCT H51 ( 
GI51 ) $HTARGNH LAXR W&IDT HPSGH $L HMDINWT HBLTI - MZDHWT B9891 . $R 
HXQLAWT HAMRIQAI , QLII@WN IW@R , HBI& DAGH DWMH BLILH $BIN IWM RBI&I 
LXMI$I , BAWMRW KI HWA M@IL SPQ $NITN IHIH LSIIM AT " $IXWT AWRWGWWAI " 
BMSGRT GA@"@ , BH$TTPWTM $L NCIGI 501 MDINWT , $NQB& LHN MW&D SIWM BPGI$T 
$RI HXWC $L ARGWN HT&RIPIM WHMKS B37 BDCMBR . HMNHL HKLLI $L GA@"@ , 
ARTWR DWNQL , HZMIN ALIW ATMWL NCIGIM $L 03 MDINWT , BNISIWN L$BWR AT 
HQIPAWN SBIB B&IIT HSWBSIDIWT LXQLAWT MK$WL HXWSM AT SIWM H$IXWT . 

* 

NIW - IWRQ ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . NGD S&ID A - NWSIIR HX$WD BHTNQ$WT BMAIR 
KHNA HWG$W $L$WM BLILH KTBI AI$WM &L RCX MDRGH $NIIH , NISIWN LRCX , 
TQIPH MZWINT WHXZQH LA XWQIT $L KLI N$Q . RCX MDRGH $NIIH HWA HAI$WM 
HXMWR BIWTR $BW NITN LHA$IM X$WD BRCX BMDINT NIW - IWRQ , $AINW MWA$M 
BRCX $L AI$ KWXWT HBI@XWN . KTBI HAI$WM HWG$W LMI@TW $L HX$WD BBIT HXWLIM 
" BLWWIW " BMNH@N , $M HWA MXLIM MPCI&TW . HXDR $BW MAW$PZ A - NWSIIR , 
HMXWBR LCINWRWT HZNH WMSKT XMCN , NMCA TXT $MIRH M$@RTIT KBDH . A$TW 
HAMRIQAIT , QARN , IW$BT BXDRW LBW$H BGLIMH MWSLMIT MSWRTIT SGWLH WR&LH . 
SNIGWRW $L HNA$M , MIIQL WWRN , HA$IM ATMWL AT HM$@RH $HM$IKH LXQWR 
AT HNA$M BLIL $LI$I BM$K $LW$ $&WT , LMRWT $QIBLH HWRAH M$P@IT MPWR$T 
$LA L&$WT ZAT . HX$WD , $&DIIN AINW MSWGL LDBR BGLL PCI&TW , &NH LXWQRIW 
B&ZRT PTQIM KTWBIM . HWA HKXI$ $RCX AT KHNA . LAXR SDRT XIPW$IM BDIRWT 
$BHN HTGWRR A - NWSIIR , MM$IKIM HXWQRIM LHAMIN $P&L LBDW . BMSIBT &ITWNAIM 
$L$WM AMR HQCIN HMMWNH &L HXQIRH , GWZP BWRLI , KI IITKN $HMNI& LRCX 
LA ITBRR L&WLM . AL XWQRI M$@RT NIW - IWRQ HC@RPW AN$I HKWX HMIWXD LLXIMH 
B@RWR WXWQRI HAP - BI - AII , HMNSIM LGLWT AM LX$WD HIW Q$RIM BIN - LAWMIIM 
KL$HM . &D KH LA NMCA KL ARGWN ALIW HIH HX$WD Q$WR . AXD HXWQRIM MSR 
KI QARN A - NWSIIR , A$T HX$WD , AMRH $B&LH HIH LAXRWNH BDIKAWN . HMMWNH 
&L HXQIRH MSR KI HTGLH $A - NWSIIR HIH XWBB AQDXIM , WBDIRTW NMCAW XWBRWT 
RBWT $L MGZINIM HMIW&DIM L$KIRI XRB . HX$WD NS& L&TIM QRWBWT LM@WWXI 
A$ BQWN@IQ@ . BIN HMSMKIM $HWXRMW BDIRWTIW LA NMCA R$IWN LN$IAT KLI N$Q . 
HMSPR HSIDWRI &L QT AQDX HMGNWM , $BW IRH &L - PI HX$D A - NWSIIR BKHNA , 
NMXQ WLKN LA HCLIXW HXWQRIM LGLWT HIKN QIBL AWTW . BAXT MDIRWTIW $L A - 
NWSIIR NMCAW KMH QL@WT WIDIAW WBHN WIKWXIM @LWWIZIWNIIM &L HSKSKWK HI$RALI - 
PL$TINI BH$TTPWT KHNA . HPTQIM HKTWBIM &RBIT $NMCAW BARNQW , LCD MWD&WT 
B&ITWNIM &L HWP&WT KHNA BNIW - IWRQ , TWRGMW &L - IDI HXWQRIM , WNMSR 
KI HM HIW B&LI AWPI AI$I . ATMWL NMSR KI HX$WD PW@R M&BWDTW B&IRIIT NIW - 
IWRQ , $BH $IM$ K@KNAI XIMWM WQIRWR BBIT HM$P@ HPLILI BMNH@N . LDBRI 
H&ITWN " NIWZ DII " , IWM LPNI HRCX HIH A - NWSIIR AMWR L&BWR MMQWM &BWDTW 
HNWKXI LBIT HM$P@ BBRWQLIN . H&ITWN MWSR , MPI &DIM BMXLQT H&BWDWT HMIWXDWT , 
KI A - NWSIIR HGIB BZ&M K$$M& &L HH&BRH . &WBDI HMXLQH SIPRW KI B$BW& 
$LPNI HRCX LQX A - NWSIIR XMI$H IMI MXLH . 

* 

BWTIW ABDW LPNI KXWD$IIM , XI BXIPH . ATMWL HTPRSMH BMWSP " HARC " 
KTBH &L HI&LMW $L WGMN . LAXR HPRSWM HTQ$R LM&RKT " HARC " I . K . 
, TW$B H&IR , WSIPR KI ADM B$M ZH MTGWRR BDIRTW BXWD$IIM HAXRWNIM . 
LDBRIW , MCA AT WGMN BGN CIBWRI BKRML , WHZMINW LGWR ACLW . WGMN SIRB 
LH$IB &L $ALWT HQ$WRWT BHI&LMW WBTWKNIWTIW . KL $HIH MWKN LWMR HWA : 
" ANI XI , WZH H&IQR " . 

* 

ARGWN SWKNI HGZ , BAMC&WT M$RD &WRKI - HDIN MNWSBIC AT GW@PRID , PNH 
ATMWL LBIT - HM$P@ HMXWZI BTBI&H NGD M$RD HANRGIH . HARGWN BIQ$ MBIT - 
HM$P@ QBLT PSQ - DIN HCHRTI , LPIW I$ TWQP LHSDR P$RH $L BG"C BMXLWQT 
$HITH BINM LBIN MINHL HDLQ . HHSDR , MIWM 98 . 3 . 41 , QB& KI KL &WD 
IHIH HPIQWX &L HMXIRIM BM$Q HGZ BTWQP , IHIH MINHL HDLQ XIIB LHT&RB BQBI&T 
GWBH H&MLWT $L SWKNI HGZ . HPIQWX &L HMXIRIM BM$Q HGZ HWXZR B09 . 6 . 
1 , WAWLM MAZ SIRB MINHL HDLQ LHT&RB BQBI&T GWBH H&MLWT . HIW&C HM$P@I 
$L M$RD HANRGIH , ZAB APIQ , @&N KI HMINHL AINW XIIB LHT&RB BN&$H , 
WKI QBI&T GWBH H&MLWT NTWN BL&DIT LM$A - WMTN BIN XBRWT HGZ LSWKNIM . 
KTWCAH MKK NKNSW HSWKNIM LM$A - WMTN &M XBRWT HGZ , WBKL XBRH HW$G HSDR 
$WNH . HHSDRIM &M HXBRWT LA SIPQW AT HSWKNIM , $@&NW KI &DKWNI H&MLWT 
AINM MKSIM AT HWCAWTIHM BPW&L , WKI I$ MQWM L&DKWNIM NWSPIM . XBRWT 
HGZ @W&NWT , L&WMT ZAT , KI HPIQWX &L HMXIRIM AINW MAP$R LHN LHGDIL 
BMQBIL AT &MLWTIHN . HPNIIH LBIT - HM$P@ ATMWL N&$H &L RQ& HTPTXWIWT ALH . 
IW"R ARGWN HSWKNIM BPZGZ , MAIR MWSQWBIC , QRA LHT&RBWT MIIDIT $L M$RD 
HANRGIH BNW$A , WL&DKWN MXIRI HGZ LXBRWT HGZ . LXILWPIN , MCI& MWSQWBIC , 
I$ LB@L MID AT HPIQWX &L MXIRI HGZ , $KN RQ KK I&WDKNW &MLWT HSWKNIM . 


* 

, 4 . QRN ZW , $P&LH B&BR B$M " H&L " , NWSDH &L - IDI HSTDRWT H&WBDIM 
HLAWMIIM . B$NIM HAXRWNWT HQRN KM&@ WLA P&LH , &D $NIHWLH HW&BR LIDI 
MNHLI SWKNWT HBI@WX SIMWN AT WIZL , $NX$BT LGDWLH BARC B&NP BI@WX HXIIM . 
QRN ZW , HMAP$RT HC@RPWT GM &L BSIS AI$I , LA RQ &L BSIS MP&LI , NWHGT 
LX$B B&BWR KL AXD MXBRIH AT BSISW HAQ@WARI , KMQWBL BXBRWT HBI@WX LGBI 
BI@WXI XIIM WMNHLIM . HM@RH HIA LAP$R LKL MBW@X LBXWR AT SKWM HPNSIH 
$HWA RWCH LHB@IX L&CMW . BMQBIL LKK HQRN M$QI&H AT KSPI HXBRIM BAGRWT 
XWB $L HAWCR HMIW&DWT LQRNWT PNSIH WHNW$AWT RIBIT GBWHH MZW $L XBRWT HBI@WX . 
HQRN GM MAP$RT LMBW@X LHXLI@ AM BRCWNW BPNSIIT ZIQNH BLBD AW PNSIH MQIPH 
HKWLLT GM BI@WX NKWT W$ARIM . HXL@T SWKNWT SIMWN AT WIZL LHP&IL AT QRN 
HPNSIH GRMH LTSISH BQRB XBRWT HBI@WX . M$H WIZL , MNK"L HXBRH , ZWMN 
LBIRWRIM BHTAXDWT XBRWT HBI@WX WKN &M MNHLI XBRWT BI@WX . @&NW BPNIW 
$HWA KWRT AT H&NP $L HBI@WX &LIW HWA IW$B . &M ZAT , NMN&W XBRWT HBI@WX 
MLNQW@ BC&DIM NGD HSWKNWT BGLL HIQPI BI@WX XIIM HGDWLIM $SWKNWT ZW MWKRT . 
BAXRWNH HGI&H HQRN LHSKM &M AXD HMP&LIM HGDWLIM HMTMXIM BT&$IIH &TIRT - 
ID& , LPIW 000 , 1 H&WBDIM BW IC@RPW LQRN . XLQ M&WBDIM ALH IC@RPW RQ 
LQRN HPNSIH WAXRIM IBXRW MSLWL HQIIM RQ BMSGRT T$WRH , LPIW I$LBW PNSIH 
WBI@WX XIIM . 

* 

HHNHLH HP&ILH $L XBRT BIT HSPR HMRKZI LMLWNAWT TDMWR BHRCLIH , HXLI@H 
LWWTR &L % 5 BRW@W MM$KWRTM HXWD$IT $L ARB&T XBRIH , B$L HM$BR HPWQD AT 
&NP HTIIRWT . HXL@T HHNHLH BAH L&WDD IWZMWT DWMWT , TWK KDI MTN DWGMH 
AI$IT HNXWCH L&MDTH BTQWPH ZW L&TIDH $L HXBRH W&L MNT LMNW& PI@WRI &WBDIM . 
TRWMH ZW LA TPG& BCWRH KL$HI BTNAIM HSWCIALIIM HQIIMIM $L XBRI HHNHLH 
HP&ILH . 

* 

XBRT GDWT T&$IWT P@RWKIMIH XNKH BAXRWNH MTQN HIDRWGNCIH LIICWR MMISIM 
N@WLI BNZN , &L - PI HTQNIM HMXMIRIM HMQWBLIM BAIRWPH . HQMT HMTQN HXD$ 
N&$TH BMSGRT TWKNIT HH$Q&WT LHRXBT KW$R HIICWR , $KLLH H$Q&WT BHIQP $L 
02 MILIWN DWLR . HXBRH HWDI&H KI HXLI@H &L HPSQT IICWR HMMISIM BAIKWT 
HQWDMT . MNK"L HXBRH , GIWRA MIWXS , CIIN AT TRWMTW $L HTHLIK HXD$ 
LBRIAWT H&WBDIM BT&$IWT HGWMI WHDBQIM . 

* 

&L CIRWP $LW$H XBRIM XD$IM LMW&CH : RWBR@ MQSWWL , RICRD PRL WLWRD WIIDNPLD . 
PRL , MWW$ING@WN , &WMD BRA$ MKWN LMXQR MDINI . B$NIM 08918891 KIHN 
K&WZR MZKIR HHGNH L&NIINI BI@XWN LAWMI . LWRD WIIDNPLD MLWNDWN HWA IW"R 
XBRT WIIDNPLD WNIQWLSWN B&"M H&WSQT B&NP HMW"LWT M$NT 8491 . HWA HTXIL 
AT HQRIIRH $LW K&ITWNAI . HTQ$RWTW HHDWQH &M I$RAL HXLH &M $IRWTW KRA$ 
L$KT N$IA MDINT I$RAL HRA$WN , XIIM WICMN . HWA MKHN KNGID MSPR MWSDWT 
TRBWTIIM WAQDMAIIM I$RALIM . BHWD&H CWIIN $LAP AXD M$LW$T HXBRIM HXD$IM 
AIN &NIIN PINNSI BGRWSLM PWS@ . 

* 

HTAXDWT HQBLNIM HXLH BHPNIIT BQ$WTIHM $L XBRIH HRWCIM LI@WL XLQ BBNIIH , 
AL M$RD HBINWI WH$IKWN B&QBWT QRIATW $L $R HBINWI WH$IKWN LKL XBRWT 
HBNIIH WHQBLNIM LH$TLB BMSGRT PRWGRMT M$RDW LBNIIT &$RWT ALPI IXIDWT DIWR 
LZWGWT C&IRIM W&WLIM XD$IM BKL RXBI HARC . M&RIKIM KI PW@NCIAL HBIQW$ 
$L HQBLNIM WXBRWT HBNIIH LH$TLBWT B&BWDWT HBNIIH LHIQPIM $L K5405 ALP 
IXIDWT - DIWR . HTAXDWT HQBLNIM BIQ$H MHQBLNIM WMXBRWT HBNIIH LHCHIR LGBI 
HIQP HBNIIH AWTH MBQ$IM HM LBC& BDRK $L BNIIH IZWMH &L QRQ&WT A$R IWQCW 
LHM &L - IDI M$RD H$IKWN , AW BMSGRT $L BNIIH TQCIBIT $THWWH AXD MN HMSLWLIM 
$IWP&LW &L - IDI HM$RD . BPNIITW LXBRI HHTAXDWT AWMR N$IA HQBLNIM , MRDKI 
IWNH , KI HDRK $L PNIIH MRWKZT $L HXBRIM DRK HHTAXDWT MB@IXH LIWWI CMWD 
LKL BQ$H &D MILWIH . BHTAXDWT M$WKN&IM KI BDRK ZW IWKL M$RD HBINWI WH$IKWN 
L@PL BMRWKZ BKL HHC&WT WLA IDXH BQ$WT PR@NIWT B$L XWSR KWX - ADM L@IPWL 
BBQ$WT ALH . 

* 

BA@INIWL MCRPT , DIIBI MBRI@NIH WAII - SI - AP QIIZR MARCWT - HBRIT IQIMW 
XBRH LHNDSH WBNIIH B$WQ HALWMINIWM . BIN H$AR IQIMW MP&LIM LZIQWQ WLHTKH 
$L ALWMINIWM . SPI BA@INIWL HIA IXIDH $L XBRT $NIIDR . AII - SI - AP 
QIIZR HIA XLQ MXBRT AMRIQN QPI@L AND RISRC . HXBRWT HWDI&W KI IISDW AT 
HXBRH HM$WTPT , $TIQRA AS - DI - QII , KTGWBH LMXSWR BIKWLT HIICWR $L 
ALWMINIWM . HBIQW$ LHGBRT HIICWR IHIH XZQ BAWS@RLIH , BAMRIQH HL@INIT , 
BMZRX HTIKWN WBQNDH , AMRW . 

* 

LWNDWN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . MRI RWBINSWN , PRQLI@H BT 64 , $NBXRH 
LN$IAT AIRLND BIWM XMI$I BLILH , QB&H TQDIMIM BTXWMIM RBIM : HIA HAI$IWT 
HRA$WNH $NBXRH LKHWNH ZW $AINH NMNIT &M HMPLGH H$L@T , HIA HA$H HRA$WNH 
BTPQID , WHIA HN$IA HC&IR BIWTR $NBXR AI - P&M BRPWBLIQH HAIRIT . RWBINSWN 
NTMKH R$MIT &L IDI $TI MPLGWT $MAL HLIIBWR WHWWRQRS KLWMR MPLGT H&BWDH 
WHSWCIALIS@IM . AWLM % 25 MN HQWLWT BHM ZKTH BSIBWB H$NI $L HBXIRWT , 
HMBWSSWT &L $I@H MSWBKT LMDI , M$QPIM HRBH M&BR LKWXN $L $TI HMPLGWT 
GM IXD . NRAH KI RWBINSWN ZKTH BKHWNH BMIWXD BZKWT QWLWT HN$IM . HIA 
HITH IDW&H BCIBWR HAIRI B&IQR BZKWT MABQIH LM&N ZKWIWT HADM WHAZRX . 
GM LAXR BXIRTH XZRH WHCHIRH $TIABQ B&D XWQ GIRW$IN WHPCT AMC&I MNI&H 
$NI ALMN@IM MRKZIIM BHM NABQT Q$WT HKNSIIH HQTWLIT WKN B&D HTPIISWT 
&M CPWN AIRLND . BNIGWD LMPLGH H$L@T , AIN HIA MZWHH &M HQTWLIM BMXWZ 
ZH , WHIA PNTH GM LPRW@S@N@IM $M LHW$I@ ID . " AINI TWMKT BAP AXD MN 
HCDDIM " , HKRIZH . HIRIB H&IQRI $LH , BRIAN LNIHN MN HMPLGH H$L@T , 
NALC LHTP@R MTPQID SGN RA$ HMM$LH IWMIIM LPNI HBXIRWT , &L RQ& $&RWRIIH 
AI$IT , WTWK AIWM $MPLGWT HQWALICIH HAXRWT IBI&W AI - AMWN BMM$LH AM 
II$AR BKHWNTW . N$IA AIRLND NBXR L$B& $NIM . AIN LW SMKWIWT M&$IWT , 
AK LP&WLWTIW H$P&H MWSRIT RBH . H&WBDH $HWA NBXR &L IDI H&M KWLW , 
BM&RKT BXIRWT , MQNH LW H$P&H PWLI@IT RBH &L AP $ZW AINH MTB@AT BXWQH . 


* 

BI@WL TXRWT HMAS@RS HIWQRTIT BSIP , BH$TTPWT 08 H@WBIM B&WLM LCWRK NIQWD 
BDIRWG H&WLMI ( KMW B@NIS ) HINH BI@WI XRIP NWSP LB&IH TQCIBIT XMWRH 
BH NTQL HSPWR@ HI$RALI . HTMWNH HMC@IIRT &GWMH . HHTAXDWT LSPWR@ WHAIGWDIM 
H&NPIIM HMSWNPIM ALIH , MTXB@IM BB&IWT QIWM , BNSIWN LNIHWL MQCW&I TXT 
LXCIM WAILWCIM KSPIIM . H&TID AINW CWPN $INWI , GM &LWL LHIWT R& &WD 
IWTR . Q$H LDBR &L HTPTXWT KA$R XWMR HGLM HKSP AINW MCWI APILW BMINIMWM 
HNXWC . AT MH $I$ MGDIR MNK"L HHTAXDWT LSPWR@ , $MWAL LLQIN , K"TQCIBI 
QIWM " WGM " TQCIBIM AWMLLIM " . LA RQ ZAT : TQCIB HHTAXDWT LSPWR@ B - 
1991 IPXT BAWPN RIALI B$I&WR 03 &D 04 AXWZIM . TQCIB H$NH $&BRH HIH QCT 
IWTR M - 21 MILIWN $QL . K - 11 MILIWN MHMW&CH LHSDR HHIMWRIM . HMDINH 
HQCIBH 000 , 003 $QL . HITR KSP MGWIIS . TQCIB 1991 DWMH : 31 MILIWN 
$QL . 02 AIGWDIM BHTAXDWT LSPWR@ . I$ HMQBLIM TQCIB $NTI BSK 000 , 053 
$QL BLBD . BNTX HGDWL BIWTR ZWKH AIGWD HKDWRID 000 , 009 $QL . 000 , 
003 MMNW HWLKIM &L HWCAWT $IPW@ . MLBD HAIGWDIM , MQIIMT HHTAXDWT LSPWR@ 
GM P&WLWT IIXWDIWT : HIXIDH LSPWR@ HI$GI , MRKZI AIMWN , SIW& LQBWCWT 
ALWPWT , BIT SPR LMAMNIM . BAXRWNH HWKNSW M&RKT MX$B WTWKNWT LKL H&NPIM . 
ZH &WLH HRBH KSP . QPSPBINHGR&WN M$TNH . LLQIN : " HWA PWNQCIH $L 
MH $NWTNIM . &BWR 1991 ANXNW MQBLIM RQ 08 AXWZ MH - 31 MILIWN , KI &DIIN 
LA IWD&IM MH MCB HHKNSWT . HMDINH MSII&T B - 000 , 003 AW 000 , 004 . 
MH ZH NWTN BXLWQH L - 02 AIGWDIM BM$K $NH KLWM " . LLQIN M$WWH LP&ILWT 
$L GWPIM AXRIM WQWB& : " ANXNW MQWPXIM . AINI RWCH LPGW& BGWPIM AXRIM 
WLA AWMR MH ACLM . ACLNW HMCB R& MAWD " . HG$NW LMW&CH LHSDR HIMWRIM 
HC&T TQCIB $L 02 MILIWN $QL , BTQWWH $NQBL 61 MILIWN . HWDI&W LNW &L 
31 MILIWN . AIN AP$RWT L&R&R &L SKWM $HMW&CH AMRH $IWTR MZH HIA LA IKWLH 
LTT . QIWWITI $LAIGWDIM IHIW 41 MIQPTMWNH1 , 21PLIWN . K&T , BIXD &M 
TWSPWT AXRWT , NTX HAIGWDIM IHIH 5 . 8 MILIWN $QL . XLQ L - 02 &NPIM 
WTWBN GWDL HMCWQH . QPSPBINHHTAXDWT KMWSD GG LKL &NPI HSPWR@ , LA TISGR 
BPNI &NPIM . ZH MXIIB $INWI TQNWNI . HMBNH CRIK LH$TNWT BHTAM . Q$H 
L$LW@ MMRKZ AXD KKL $ATH GDL . GM QLI@T &LIH MXIIBT TWSPWT KSPIWT . 
&M HTQCIB HQIIM LA NWKL LQLW@ . BTQCIB HZH GM &NPIM QIIMIM LA MTPQDIM . 
AI AP$R LQLW@ &WLIM W&NPIM BLI KSP . HPSQNW MXNWT AIMWNIM . HPSQNW T$LWM 
LMAMNIM . H&NPIM LA XRGW . HM P&LW BMSGRT HTQCIBIT . HIWQR PG& . BI@LNW 
ICIAWT LXW"L $HIW X$WBWT , ABL LA HITH BRIRH , KI HN LA HIW BTXWM ALIPWIWT 
&WLM AW ALIPWIWT AIRWPH . HBQRH , KWLL HICIAWT LXW"L LHIKN , LKMH ZMN 
WMSPR HNWS&IM N&$IT BAMC&WT MX$B . KL P&WLH $L AIGWD NR$MT &M PIRW@ 
HTQCIB HMC@BR , KMH HWCA BPW&L WMH HITRH . HAIGWDIM MQBLIM AXT LXWD$ 
DWX"WT MPWR@IM . QPSPBINKN . AIN LNW KSP . N&BWD BAWTH MTKWNT . ANXNW 
MNSIM LICWR MQWRWT HKNSH NWSPIM . H&NPIM AINM QWRCIM LSPWNSRIM . 1991 
THIH $NH Q$H MAWD . ANW MRKZIM MAMCIM BAMC&WT HIXIDH LSPWR@ HI$GI , $M 
QIIM MAGR H&NPIM LHM ANW MSII&IM BHKNWT HAWLIMPIWT . HMAMC MRWKZ B - 
8 &NPIM : SIP , $I@ , GWDW , ATL@IQH , $XIH , QLI&H , M$QWLWT , 
HT&MLWT WHIABQWT . MRKZIM &WD MAWT ALPI $QLIM LSPWR@AI HCMRT , MKSPIM 
IIXWDIIM . H$NH LA HITH PGI&H . KL &NP MNWW@ AT HHKNWT HBIN - LAWMIWT 
LSPWR@AIM BDRG HBKIR . H$TDLNW LHIMN& MPGI&H B&NPIM HNMCAIM BHKNWT AWLIMPIWT . 
GIISNW KSPIM WQIBLNW SIW& I$IR GDWL MHWW&D HAWLIMPI . HKNISH LAIRWPH 
NPLAH . ABL AIN TWSPT BTQCIB LKNISH LAIRWPH . XSR LNW KWX ADM . I$ &NPIM 
$HKNSNW BHM M&RKT MIX$WB WQL@NW PQIDWT L&BWDH LHP&LT HMX$BIM . AI - 
AP$R LBQ$ MMZKIR AIGWD $I&BWD LBD WGM IDPIS LBD . LCWWT H@KNI LA HWSPNW 
H$NH . QPSPBINHMNK"L AWP@IMI , LPXWT BMI$WR HMQCW&I . HTQCIB DL WI$ 
B&IWT QIWM , WBKL ZAT I$ HI$GIM BMI$WR HBIN - LAWMI . LLQIN : " ANI 
LA MLIN $AIN LNW KSP . HCIBWR XIIB LHBIN $ANXNW &WMDIM BTT - TQCIB , 
BTT - IKWLT . AM MGI&IM LHI$GIM ZH MPLIA " . QWRT RWX HWA $WAB MHHCLXWT 
BGWDW , BSIIP , B$I@ , BQLI&H , BKDWRMIM , BKDWRID WGM BHT&MLWT . 
KDI LXDD DBRIM , HWA M$WWH &M MDINWT BGWDL DWMH LI$RAL : " AM N&MWD 
MWL MDINH KNWRWWGIH $BH XMI$H MILIWN AI$ B - 02 H&NPIM $ANXNW MNHLIM 
NZKH B - 06 AXWZ WHM B - 04 . ZW BDIQH AWBIIQ@IWWIT . DBR DWMH AP$R 
L&$WT MWL PINLND " . ABL HMCIAWT AINH MXIIKT . MDWBR B&NPIM LA A@RQ@IWWIM . 
LLQIN MWD& $"ZH LA MR$IM . RWCIM $NHIH KMW AMRIQH . ABL AI - AP$R LHIWT 
KMW AMRIQH AW KMW M&RB GRMNIH . GM LA KMW MZRX GRMNIH $HIW LH 500 MAMNIM 
B$KR BATL@IQH " . HSIKWI B&NPIM AXRIM BHM AP$R LHTPTX . $I@ , LM$L . 
HWA MZKIR AT HMDLIH HAWLIMPIT $HWXMCH BSIAWL , B&QBWT HHXL@H LA L$W@ 
BIWM HKIPWRIM , W&IMH HNSIGH HBLTI - NMN&T LMQWM HRBI&I BSIKWM HKLLI . 
" AI - AP$R L@&WN KL HZMN WLHGID AIN HCLXWT I$ " . 

* 

MXIPH HI$WWH B$BT AT H$IA HLAWMI BIRI BRWBH AWWIR , LAXR $CBR 685 NQWDWT 
M - 006 AP$RIWT . HWA HQDIM B - 3 NQWDWT AT GIA S@RIQ MIRW$LIM . BSIKWM 
NICXH R&NNH 2371 NQWDWT LPNI XIPH 3271 NQWDWT . HTXRWT HITH BHRCLIH . 
QPSPQW MTL ABIB NICX BMIRWC AWPNIIM $HIH SBIB KIKR HMDINH BTL ABIB , 
LAXR $&BR 8 Q"M B - 64 . 41 DQWT . HWA HQDIM AT XNN RI$QWLNIQ MGB&TIIM 
B$NIH . QPSPQW IIKNSW HIWM LTXRWIWT ALIPWT H&WLM BBWDAP$@ . H$NIIM : 
RAWBN XDIN@WB WPLIQS TWMRIN . HM IWPI&W BM$QL &D 06 Q"G . QPSPQW BRWGBI : 
NTNIH IZR&AL 016 , AS"A TL ABIB GLIL &LIWN 713 . HPW&L R&NNH AS"A 
IRW$LIM 64 . QPSPQW ZKH B$BT BTXRWT H$NIH BSBB PILIPS BXIPH , KA$R NICXL 
BGMR AT RBIB WIIDNPLD 75 , 64 . BXCI HGMR NICX PRQIS AT BW&Z MRN$@IIN 
64 , 67 , 64 . WIIDNPLD NICX AT GRIPIN MARH"B 63 , 60 . BTXRWT LZWGWT 
NICXW WIIDNPLD W&MIT NAWR AT MRN$@IIN WAWRN MW@WWSL 62 , 64 . QPSPQW 
&WLH MBRIH"M QB& B$BT HI$G @WB B - 8 NQWDWT MH$IA HLAWMI BAQDX AWWIR LAXR 
$CBR 775 NQWDWT ( H$IA HQWDM : RWNI MNDLMN 965 NQWDWT ) . MWB$WBIC 
HQDIM AT GRI ARMIS@ MTL ABIB B - 01 NQWDWT . QPSPQW MAIILWT NICX BMIRWC 
SINI LZKR DWRWN SGL $NPL BMBC& SINI . HMNCX &BR BQRIT @B&WN 01 Q"M B - 
04 . 73 DQWT , BHQDIMW B - 9 $NIWT AT AMIR LIN MSWLM CWR $NICX B$NH $&BRH . 


* 

MRKWS , ABI KHN , BAL , $M&WNWB , &WR , $LX , ZWHR ( MLIQH ) , 
NMNI , QLINGR ( CRPTI ) , AIWNIR , DRIQS . HMAMN : CBI RWZN . 
BI@RN , ZITWNI , ALI KHN , DWIDI , BLS , AHRWNWB ( PNSW ) , PS , 
BN BRWK , AWXNH , XKIM , ARMLI ( $QRWQH ) . HMAMN : DRWR BR NWR . 
$P@ I&QB $IINR , 000 , 3 CWPIM , BXWLWN . KN , MKBI TL ABIB NICX AT 
CPRIRIM 21 , ABL T$ALW AT HAWHDIM BCHWB $ICAW BIWM $I$I MHMGR$ BXWLWN , 
HM LA AHBW AT MH $RAW . XLQM AP HGIBW B$RIQWT MXAH . HM WDAI IWD&IM , 
KMW $XQNI MKBI WMAMNM , KI LA KL $BW& PWG$IM BSN@H QLAWS , BTXPW$T 
MAMN KDWRGL WXNIKIW HMXLQIM MTNWT LKL DIKPIN BMGR$M PWL@ HNQWDWT . HMKBIM 
NICLW &D TWM AT TSMWNT HTMIMWT $MMNH SWBLT XWLWN BM$XQIH HBITIIM . Q$RI 
MKBI , NIMNI , QLINGR , ZWHR W$WHM $HXLIP AT MLMILIAN HPCW& , GILW 
&LIWNWT BWL@T BMRKZ H$DH WLAXR HXMCH $L QLINGR BDQH H&$IRIT &LW LITRWN 
( 91 ) : ZWHR PRC BAIN MPRI& BAGP HIMNI , $ILX KDWR LMRKZ HRXBH WQLINGR 
HCLIX BMH $NK$L QWDM WBB&I@H M - 8 M@RIM QB& 10 . DQH LAXR H$&R $SPGW 
NWTRW HXWLWNIM &M &$RH $XQNIM , P&M RBI&IT B&WNH ZW , K$HMWRXQ HTWRN 
HWA AILN XKIM $B&@ LLA KDWR BALI DRIQS WRAH AT KR@ISW HADWM $L $IINR . 
BDQH H - 23 20 LMKBI . ABI NIMNI $ILX KDWR MTWXKM L&WR $XDR LRXBT XWLWN 
WBAIN MPRI& B&@ $@WXWT LR$TW $L BI@RN . HXLPTW $L ARMLI HGRW& BMXCIT H$NIH 
WB&BR H$NI HXLPTW HTMWHH $L AICIQ ZWHR MMKBI GRMW L$INWI BIXSI HKWXWT , 
KA$R $XQNI XWLWN HXLW LLXWC &L $&R MKBI WCMCMW BDQH H - 75 BB&I@T 11 
$L ABI PS LAXR HK$LT AWXNH BRXBH . HMKBIM NSWGW KDI L$MWR &L ITRWNM , 
GM DRIQS IRD L&ZRT HHGNH WANDRII BL WMRKWS BKW$R @WB $MRW &L NICXWN MKBI . 


* 

PI ) . MI $MIHR LHSPID AT MIIQL GWRDN WAT $IQAGW BWLS , HIH CRIK LXKWT 
LM$XQ HZH BGARDN BBWS@WN , $HIH AWR LATMWL . $IQAGW BAH L$M &M NCXWN 
ITWM BARB&H MI$XQIM WXZRH &M 021001 MWL HSL@IQS HBLTI MNWCXIM . GWRDN 
&BR LRA$WNH H&WNH AT GBWL H - 04 ( 14 NQ ) WHIH HAI$ $L HBWLS . QWWIN 
MQHIIL ( 42 NQ ) WLARI BIRD ( 32 NQ ) LA HW$I&W AT HIRWQIM . HQBWCH 
HIXIDH $LA HPSIDH &D KH HIA PWR@LND , $&$TH LALWPH D@RWI@ MH $LA HCLIXH 
L&$WT LH BGMR HPLII - AWP A$TQD LNCX BBITH 311101 . HRKZ @RI PWR@R &M 
82 NQ W - 01 ASIS@IM WHSN@R DAQWWRT , $QL& 72 NQ , HIW AXRAIM L&IQR 
HNZQ . GWN S@WQ@WN $QL& 42 NQ HC&ID AT IW@H LNICXWN X$WB &L SN AN@WNIW , 
30149 , HHPSD HRA$WN $L HSPARS . A@LN@H NXLH HPSD RA$WN BGWLDN S@II@ 
341821 . LWS ANGLS LIIQRS GBRH &L SAQRMN@W 00168 . DALAS MAWWRIQS MM$IKIM 
LNCX , HP&M AT AWRLANDW 11199 . BLAQMN QL& 43 NQ LMNCXIM . AINDIANH 
NICXH AT QLIWWLND 221701 , MINSW@H GBRH &L $ARLW@ 60177 , MILWWQI &L 
WW$ING@WN 801001 WSIA@L &L DNWWR 531921 . TWCAWT HMI$XQIM $HIW AWR LIWM 
$I$I : NIW IWRQ NIQS WW$ING@WN 411301 , NIW GRZI NA@S MIAMI 411301 , 
MILWWQI PILDLPIH 141111 , IWS@WN AWRLANDW 30199 . 

* 

" AL@R , XIWN , AWZN , AILWZ , GWNN , ALMLIX , ALIMLK , &ZRN , 
ABIGDWR ( DIQS@RH ) , BI@WN , MARH ( AMZLG ) . HMAMN : ALIHW 
&WPR . MLWL , LWI , LALW , A$$ , QDW$ ( BN HRW$ ) , MZRXI , KHN , 
$WWRC , $WWIG , IXZQALI , @ARSWB ( PLD ) . HMAMN : ZAB ZLCR . 
$P@ IHW$& LWIH , 000 , 6 CWPIM , BBAR $B& . BIT"R IRW$LIM AMR ATMWL 
$LWM LPISGH HLAWMIT , LAXR $BAR $B& HNXITH AWTW &L QRQ& HMCIAWT , K$NICXH 
20 . HHRKB HC&IR $L BAR $B& MWKIX $HWA RWK$ NISIWN WCWBR BI@XWN , KKL 
$HLIGH MTQDMT . HHGNH HKWLLT AT $NI HWWTIQIM AWZN WAILWZ , MHWWH AT 
M&WZ HQBWCH . B$&R NICB $W&R B&L $I&WR QWMH , ARIH AL@R , HNWSK BI@XWN 
BXBRIW WAINW MHSS LBC& ZINWQI HTABDWT . QI$WR &DIIN MQR@& . HCBTW $L 
RWBR@W MARH $HWBA LQBWCH KXLWC , MCDIQH AT HH$Q&H WZH HM$XQ H$NI $HWA 
KWB$ $&RIM . BIT"R IRW$LIM AINW MCDIQ BRMT M$XQW AT MIQWMW BRA$ H@BLH . 
M$XQW P$W@ , LA MTWXKM , NITN LXIZWI BQLWT WMTBSS &L MTPRCWT $NBLMW 
BRWBN KBR BMXCIT HMIGR$ . HHGNH AINNH ICIBH WXIIBT LHDAIG AT HMAMN . 
BAR $B& $L@H IWTR BMXCIT HRA$WNH , AK BDQH H$LI$IT NITNH HZDMNWT MCWIINT 
LBIT"R LKBW$ $&R , KA$R $WWRC B&@ MQRWB AK AL@R ZINQ WHDP BAGRWPW . H$&R 
HRA$WN NKB$ BDQH H - 45 . ABI XIWN HGBIH KDWR LRXBT IRW$LIM , BI@WN 
NGX L&BR MARH $NICB BCD HIMNI $L QW H - 61 WMARH &CR AT HKDWR , BXN AT 
H$@X WRQ AZ $ILX KDWR ADIR LPINT H$&R H$MALIT . 21 DQWT LAXR MKN HWSIP 
MARH $&R LMAZNW . ALMLIX MSR KDWR LBI@WN $NGXW L&BR TIBT HXM$ ; &L HKDWR 
NISW LH$TL@ &ZRN WMARH , AK MARH HQDIM WBBRKW DXQ AT HKDWR L$&R IRW$LIM . 
MAIR QDW$ NISH LHRXIQ AT HKDWR AK HM$IKW PNIMH . BDQH H - 67 B&@ MZRXI 
AL BIN XIBWRI HQWRWT , AL@R HT&WPP WHRXIQ AT HKDWR LQRN . 

* 

GLAZGW ( $RWT " SPWR@ HARC " ) . DANDI IWNII@D HBHIRH , KI AIN LHBI@ 
BPLIAH B&WBDH $HIA MDWRGT RA$WNH &M 81 NQWDWT AXRI 21 MXZWRIM . BMABQ 
HCMRT $HIH ATMWL BGLAZGW NICXH DANDI IWNII@D AT HALWPH RIINGRS 21 . AT 
$NI H$&RIM HBQI& DARN GQSWN . ALN MQWIS@ HX@IA KDWR - 11 LZKWT RIINGRS 
( MQWM $LI$I &M 41 NQWDWT ) . H$NIH B@BLH , ABRDIN ( 71 NQWDWT ) , 
HBISH 40 BM$XQ XWC AT S@ . MIRN HAXRWNH . TWCAWT AXRWT : DANPRMLIN 
3 MATRWWL 3 ; HAR@S 1 SL@IQ 0 . 

* 

CMW MHRKB NAPWLI BM$XQ HXWC $LH HIWM BLIGH HAI@LQIT MWL BARI MSR MAMN 
HQBWCH ALBR@W BIGWN . " DIIGW AMR KI HWA ZQWQ LMNWXH $L $BW& KDI LXZWR 
LKW$R " . NAPWLI MDWRGT T$I&IT &M 7 NQWDWT . C&DW $L MRADWNH BA B&QBWT 
TBI&H $L MNHLI HMW&DWN LH&NI$ AT HKDWRGLN HARGN@INI HSWRR , $TXILH SIRB 
L@WS &M NAPWLI LM$XQ NGD SPR@Q BMWSQWWH , AK LBSWP ICA BM@WS SILWN PR@I 
WLA MN& HDXT QBWCTW BB&I@WT - 11 M@RIM . SMPDWRIH ( 11 NQ ) T$MWR &L 
HPISGH AM TNCX KCPWI BBITH AT PIZH . L$TI HDWLQWT AXRIH &M 01 NQWDWT , 
IWBN@WS WMILAN , M$XQI XWC : IWBN@WS MTARXT BBWLWNIH WMILAN BA@ALN@H . 
ITR M$XQI HMXZWR H$MINI : QALIARI LACIW , PIWRN@INH GNWAH , AIN@R 
PARMH , RWMA CZNH , @WRINW LCH . 

* 

$NI AXIM , &WLIM XD$IM MBRIH"M , NICXW ATMWL BTXRWIWT HT&MLWT . IWRI 
RBIC ZKH BALIPWT I$RAL BDRGH LAWMIT B LAXR $CBR 08 . 94 NQWDWT . BGBI& 
HAIGWD BDRGH 5 ZKH ALKS RBIC , $CBR 50 . 25 NQWDWT . MT&MLWT HPW&L RA$WN 
LCIWN ZKW BGBI& HAIGWD LGILAIM HC&IRIM , LPNI &MQ XPR . BDRGH B NICXHH 
MIKL $XP M&MQ XPR &M 72 . 83 NQWDWT . HTXRWIWT HIW BWINGII@ . 

* 

MKBI RA$WN LCIWN , AW HPW&L XWLWN , I$M$W IRIB AIMWN LNBXRT I$RAL BKDWRSL 
B$BW& HBA , BNWSP LMKBI XIPH $IARX AT HNBXRT LMI$XQ LIGH BMWCAI $BT HQRWB . 
$XQNI HNBXRT ITKNSW BIWM RBI&I LAIMWN BID ALIHW , BMSGRT HHKNWT LMI$XQI 
GBI& AIRWPH . BIWM XMI$I IQIIMW $NI AIMWNIM , BIWM $I$I AIMWN AXD WHXL 
MH$BW& HBA $NI AIMWNIM , KWLM BID ALIHW . , $XQN HCIR $L NBXRT CRPT , 
&LWL LHI&DR MM$XQ NBXRTW BALIPWT AIRWPH , KWLL NGD I$RAL . ZNIAL SWBL 
MPCI&H BACB& RGLW HIMNIT . BBDIQH MIWXDT $N&RKH LW BPARIS NQB& , KI 
HWA CRIK LNWX BMQWM LNTX AT HMQWM . BINTIIM HWXZR H&NQ WS@RIS LNBXRT 
WAWLI HWA IPTWR BMIDH XLQIT AT B&IT ZNIAL . KDWRSLN HGLIL , $HIH M&WRB 
BTQRIT AXRI HMI$XQ NGD HPW&L IRW$LIM BIWM XMI$I BMLXH , N$AR BM&CR BMGR$ 
HRWSIM &D L$&WT HBWQR . QMBL XZR LGLIL &M HMNHL &MIT GL , $IRD L$PLH , 
LN BKPR HMKBIH , WXZR LIRW$LIM LASWP AT HKDWRSLN . HQBWCH HGI&H LGLIL 
RQ B - 5 BBWQR , LAXR $HT&QBH LMTN &DWIWT BM$@RH . L@&NT AN$I HGLIL NWPXH 
HPR$H . L@&NTM QMBL KLL LA XB@ B&WZR HMAMN GDI QIDR . &WZR HMAMN $L 
HGLIL AILN QWBLSQI AWMR $QIDR M&D WNXB@ BMDRGWT . QIDR $SWBL MPGI&H BLST 
HTQ$H LAKWL WHTBQ$ LNWX $LW$H IMIM . HWA ITB& AT AT QMBL &L TQIPH . 
HNHLT HQBWCH HGI$H TLWNH LAIGWD HKDWRSL . LA MN HNMN& $QIDR IGI& H&RB 
LRMT H$RWN LMI$XQ HLIGH $L QBWCTW . 

* 

HLIGH HLAWMIT BKDWRSL TCA HIWM BTWM HMXZWR H - 9 LPGRH $L XWD$ , BGLL 
HKNWT HNBXRT LMIPG$IM &M CRPT , BRIT HMW&CWT WCKIH BGBI& AIRWPH LAWMWT . 
$NI HMXZWRIM $HIW B$BW& $&BR WZH $IHIH H&RB IKWLIM LTT AINDIQCIH LGBI 
AWPIH $L HLIGH , XWZQH WXLWQT HKWXWT BH , ABL &DIIN AIN LQBW& MSMRWT 
ALA RQ H&RKWT . " XIKITM LLIGH KZW 02 $NH " , AMR LNW BSWP H$BW& MAMN 
MKBI TL ABIB CBI $RP . HDBRIM NAMRW LA KDI LHPXIT MIKWLT QBWCTW , ALA 
MTWK HKRH $QBWCWT RBWT HTXZQW WKI LMKBI TL ABIB LA IHIH QL KMW B$NIM &BRW 
LZKWT BMQWM HRA$WN BTWM HLIGH HSDIRH , A$R NTN LW MIQDMH LQRAT HPLII - 
AWP . LMKBI TL ABIB AIN GM KIWM $XQN $TMID ICR AT HP&R BINW LLIGH KWLH . 
B$NIM HAXRWNWT QWWIN MGI , LPNI KN MIQI BRQWBIC WMW@I ARWAS@I , WLPNIHM 
@L BRWDI . $RP MWSIP LKK GM AT H&WBDH $DWRWN GMCI , B&L PW@NCIAL LHIWT 
KZH , AINW BKW$R HRCWI WKI MKBI MMTIN LZR XD$ ( BMQWM HWR@WN ) H&$WI 
L&ZWR WL$NWT AW LHIWT I&IL &WD PXWT MMNW . " ZH $MKBI KBR NWCX B$NI 
M$XQIM , AIN BW L@$@$ AT H&WBDH $HPW&L IRW$LIM HIH HBWL@ BLIGH WMQWMW 
MWCDQ " , AWMR $RP . " LGBI RA$WN LCIWN , $GM LH HPSD IXID , CRIK 
LHTAZR BSBLNWT &D LSIWM HSIBWB . LA IHIH QL LMKBI TL ABIB H&WNH . XILWP 
HM$MRWT TWB& MCDNW SBLNWT WGM HPSDIM LA MXWIIBIM , KMW BGLIL . MI $M$QIP 
&L HLIGH MLM&LH HWA IWRM XRW$ , MAMN HPW&L IRW$LIM , $B&WNH H$NIH $LW 
AXRI MXCIT &WNT A$TQD , BH HXLIP AT HIWGWSLWWI PARWQ QWLANWBIC MCIG 
TLKID MCWIIN . AMNM IRW$LIM $IXQH RQ B$NI MI$XQI XWC MTWK $B&H , ABL 
NICXH BHM AT MKBI TL ABIB ( 9866 ) WAT HPW&L TL ABIB ( 7938 ) . NQWDH 
NWSPT HRAWIH LCIWN , HIA $HPW&L IRW$LIM M$XQ TMID NGD QBWCH $NXH WGM 
" RIGLH " AXRIH WBKL ZAT HCLIXH LHPGIN &LIWNWT , PR@ LM&IDH BBIT NGD 
MKBI RMT GN . " MH $IQB& BSWPW $L DBR ZH HPLII - AWP " , AWMR XRW$ . 
" NKWN $H&WNH QBWCH $TGI& LPIINL - PWR IHIW LH MINIMWM 24 HPSDIM , 
WZH LA HIH B&BR . MKBI TL ABIB AINW M&L HLIGH KMW B$NIM QWDMWT , ABL 
&DIIN HMW&MD H&IQRI LZKWT BALIPWT . HLIGH $LNW MTXILH LHIWT KMW HLIGH 
HAI@LQIT , &M HRBH NICXWNWT XWC . ANI B@WX $NNXL HPSDIM NWSPIM LMRWT 
$TIAWR@IT , AM LA NPSID &D SWP HLIGH WN$MWR &L ITRWN 32 NQ MWL MKBI , 
NHIH RA$WNIM " . GM LWWTIQ KDWRSLNI HLIGH HLAWMIT MIQI BRQWBIC , $ZW 
&WNH 91 $LW ( 61 BMKBI W - 3 BRA$L"C ) D&H DWMH : " B$LW$ H$NIM HAXRWNWT 
HC@MCM HP&R BIN MKBI LIRIBIW " . LMRWT ZAT SBWR MIQI : " MKBI CRIK LRMWS 
AT HLIGH . ANI B@WX $ZH &WD IBWA . HM CRIKIM LRWC XZQ GM BAIRWPH . 
H$INWI IBWA AXRI HPGRH " . BINTIIM RA$WN LCIWN MPTI&H . AWMR BRQWBIC : 
" GM B$NH $&BRH HIINW HPT&T HLIGH BSIBWB HRA$WN , WATM IWD&IM MH QRH 
BSWPW $L DBR . ANI LA MAMIN $RA$L"C THIH BIN ARB& HRA$WNWT . MBXINTNW 
GM MQWM $I$I HWA KMW ALIPWT . AMNM NWCXNW P&M AXT , ABL LA $IXQNW NGD 
HGDWLWT . AM NNCX BAXD M$LW$T HM$XQIM HBAIM NGD HPW&L TL ABIB , MKBI 
TL ABIB WHPW&L GLIL &LIWN ZH IHIH HI$G ADIR , $ITN LNW DXIPH QDIMH " . 
MIQI SBWR $H&IIPWT LA TKRI& AT QBWCTW , KPI $KWLM MNBAIM , BGLL GILM 
HMTBGR $L RWB $XQNIH . LGBI HTXTIT I$ QWNCNZWS MLA : HPW&L GBT , BIT"R 
TL ABIB WA . S . RMT H$RWN IABQW NGD HIRIDH . MH$LW$ TCA AXT . LKL 
AXT NICXWN BWDD . QPSPBINH&RB HMXZWR HAXRWN LPNI HPGRH WBMWQD : H$NI 
BDIRWG MKBI RA$L"C ITARX BAWSI$QIN ACL HPW&L T"A ( 4 ) . MABQ M&NIIN 
BIN GBWHI TL ABIB L$XQNI HXWC HMCWIINIM $L RA$L"C ( 03 . 02 ) . HMWBIL 
HPW&L IRW$LIM I$XQ MWL HAXRWNH B@BLH , BRMT H$RWN . NICXWN MQWMI IHWWH 
HPT&H GDWLH ( 00 . 02 ) . MKBI TL ABIB IWCA LGBT WIXZWR M$M &M NICXWN 
NWSP ( 00 . 02 ) . HPW&L GLIL &LIWN INSH LLQQ BKPR BLWM AT PC&I HPSDW 
BIRW$LIM , H&RB NGD MKBI RMT GN , $NXL $NI HPSDI BIT RCWPIM B$BW& HXWLP 
( 03 . 02 ) . HPW&L XWLWN AMWR LNCL AT AWLMW KDI LZKWT BNICXWN &L BIT"R 
T"A ( 03 . 02 ) . 

* 

B&WD H$NIH B@BLH ARSNL SIIMH 00 BDRBI LWNDWNI BMGR$H $L QRIS@L PALAS , 
HM$IKH MKWNT H$&RIM MLIWWRPWL L&BWD BANPILD BMLWA H&WCMH . LIWWRPWL 
HWBILH 20 KBR AXRI 9 DQWT . TXILH HIH ZH AIAN RA$ $HBQI& BDQH H - 5 MSIRH 
$L RII HAW@WN . BDQH H - 9 HK$IL BRXBH BLM NWRIC RICARD HARWWI AT S@IB 
NIQWL . IAN MWLBI , HQ$R HDNI $&$WI L&BR H$BW& LBRCLWNH , DIIQ M - 
11 M@RIM . RA$ HBQI& $&R $NI BM$XQ ( 11 $LW H&WNH ) BDQH H - 93 . 
BMH$K HBQI& PI@R BIRDSLI AT H$&R HRBI&I , GM HWA MMSIRH $L HAW@WN . H$LI$IT 
B@BLH , @W@NHAM , HBQI&H P&MIIM BARB& HDQWT HAXRWNWT KDI LMNW& 22 WLZKWT 
B$LW$ NQWDWT &M NICXWN 42 BDRBI LWNDWNI &L WWIMBLDWN . PWL GASQWIN QB& 
10 L@W@NHAM BDQH H - 01 AWLM ALN QWRQ HI$WWH BDQH H - 72 . BDQH H - 34 
&LTH WWIMBLDWN LITRWN 21 M$&R $L PWL MQGI . QP@N @W@NHAM , HBLM GARI 
MABW@ , HCLIX LH$WWT LPNI HHPSQH L - 22 . AZ HGI&W ARB& HDQWT HDRM@IWT . 
TXILH $&R $L PWL WWL$ BDQH H - 68 WAXR KK $L GARI LINQR BDQH H - 88 . 
SAWTHMP@WN NICXH 31 AT QWWINS PARQ RIINGRS . H$&RIM LSAWTHP@WN : PWL 
RIIDAAW@ ( 8 ) , MATIW LH @ISIIH ( 47 ) , RWD WWALAS ( 88 ) . 
LQ . P . R . : MRQ PALQW ( 14 ) . BMGR$IM AXRIM Q$H HIH LMCWA $&RIM . 
MLBD HM$XQ BIN ARSNL LQRIS@L PALAS , HSTIIMW &WD $LW$H MABQIM LLA $&RIM : 
DRBI ( MQWM 91 ) MNCS@R IWNII@D , SNDRLND QWBN@RI , WMABQ HTXTIT 
BIN $PILD IWNII@D LAWWR@WN &M HMNHL HXD$ - I$N HAWWRD QNDL $HWTIR AT 
HMARXIM LLA NICXWN LIGH . AS@WN WILH , $HWDXH B$BW& $&BR MGBI& AWP"A 
BIDI AIN@R MILANW , HBQI&H ATMWL $&R RA$WN BLIGH AXRI XWD$ MRGLI HBLM 
HDNI QN@ NILSN BDQH H - 16 , ABL HSTPQH 
B - 11 BMGR$H &M NW@INGHAM $HI$WWTH BDQH H - 87 . BDQH H - 06 HX@IA DIIWID 
PLA@ B&I@T - 11 LAS@WN WILH . XLWC NWRIC , DIIL GWRDWN , HBQI& $&R BKWRH 
H&WNH BDQH H - 31 BB&I@H M - 02 M@RIM . $&R H$IWWIWN $L CLSI HWBQ& BB&I@T - 
11 $L DNIS WWIIS , $QWDM LKN B&@ AT HKDWR $PG& &L QW B$&R BIDW $L BLM 
NWRIC IAN BA@RWWRT . QPSPBINAWLDHAM NWTRH RA$WNH BLIGH H$NIH &M 83 NQWDWT 
AXRI NICXWN 41 &L WW@PWRD , HMDWRGT AXRWNH &M 9 NQWDWT BLBD . H$NIH 
BDIRWG , WWS@HAM ( 43 NQWDWT ) , SIIMH 11 BXWC &M MILWWL . HM$XQ 
HT&KB B - 51 DQWT BGLL ALIMWT QHL AWHDIM $NWTR MXWC LMGR$ . NMSR KI $LW$H 
AN$IM HW&BRW LBIT HXWLIM W - 01 AXRIM NPG&W BCWRH QLH . BTIGRH HGDWLH 
IIDW AWHDIM ABNIM WGRMW NZQIM LMKWNIWT . TWCAWT AXRWT BLIGH H$NIH : BARNSLI 
1 LS@R 1 ; BLQBWRN 1 $PILD WWNSDII 0 ; BRII@WN 3 PLIMWT 2 ; BRIS@WL 
RWBRS 2 PWR@ WIIL 0 ; HAL 3 AIPSWWIC 3 ; MIDLSBWRW 1 CARL@WN 2 ; 
NW@S QAWN@I 4 WWS@ BRWMIC 3 ; AWKSPWRD 3 BRIS@WL SI@I 1 ; SWWINDWN 
3 PWR@SMWT 0 ; WWLBS 2 NIWQASL 1 . 

* 

HWA NS& KDI LBDWQ AT HTNAIM BI$WB BCPWN HMDINH , BW ITMWDDW BIWM D HBA 
( 12 BNWBMBR ) HNBXRWT HAWLIMPIT $L I$RAL WIWWN . ZH IHIH M$XQ HBKWRH 
$L I$RAL B@WRNIR HQDM AWLIMPI , WAILW LIWWN IHIH ZH M$XQ $NI LAXR HHPSD 
B$WWDIH 05 . BBIT ZH NKLLT GM QPRISIN . BNDWRI SIPR AM$ KI BI$WB , HMWNH 
K - 04 ALP TW$BIM , AIC@DIWN I$N BN 51 ALP MQWMWT HM$M$ QBWCH MHLIGH 
HRA$WNH . HAIZWR KWLW MWNH K - 001 ALP TW$BIM . LMRWT $HAIC@DIWN I$N , 
KR HD$A MCWIIN WHMARGNIM MCPIM LK - 000 , 7 CWPIM . HM$LXT HI$RALIT 
TTAKSN BMLWN BRMH SBIRH , HMQBIL L$LW$H KWKBIM . BNDWRI AMR KI MSR AT 
HPR@IM LMAMN HNBXRT I&QB GRWNDMN WHAXRWN HBI& $BI&WT RCWN . HSGL HAWLIMPI 
IXD$ MXR AT HHKNWT LM$XQ BIWWN . LSGL LA CWRPW $XQNIM XD$IM WNKLLIM BW 
$LW$H $W&RIM GBI ALBZ , GWLN MLWL WRWPI KHN . MXR MTWKNN M$XQ AIMWN 
&M HPW&L XDRH MHLIGH HARCIT WBIWM D M$XQ AIMWN AXRWN &M HPW&L KPR SBA 
MHLIGH HLAWMIT . 

* 

RQ $BW& AXD HCLIXW $TI HQBWCWT HBIT"RIWT LHXZIQ M&MD BRA$ DIRWG H@BLH 
HLAWMIT . KXLWP $BW& NXLW $TIHN HPSDI XWC , BMXZWR H$I$I $L HLIGH , 
BLI $HCLIXW APILW LHBQI& $&R KDI LHXZIR AT HPISGH LQBWCT MKBI XIPH , 
HNX$BT &L IDI MWMXIM WPR$NIM , WBCDQ , LQBWCH H@WBH BIWTR B&WNH ZW . 
AXRI M$XQI ATMWL NWTR HPW&L BAR $B& HIXID $&DIIN LA NWCX ; WAT H@BLH 
SWGRWT $LW$ HQBWCWT HIXIDWT $&DIIN LA H$IGW NICXWN ( KPSR SBA , XWLWN , 
NTNIH ) . WKA$R $TI HBIT"RIWM M&DW , MKBI XIPH $L $LMH $RP LA $M@ AT 
HHZDMNWT . AXRI $NI MXZWRIM BHM LA HCLIX LHBQI& WCBR NQWDH BLBD M - 6 , 
NICX ATMWL MKBI XIPH BMGR$W 21 AT HMTMWDD &IMW &L HBKWRH , HPW&L PTX 
TQWH , KDI LXZWR LRA$ HDIRWG &M 31 NQWDWT WITRWN MM$I GM BHPR$ H$&RIM 
( 114 ) . L@WBT XIPH $IXQW GM $LW$ QBWCWT CMRT HCMWDWT ALIW , $HPSIDW 
WAIP$RW LXIPAIM LNCL AT HHZDMNWT HZW BMLWAH . AL HMQWM H$NI NSWG BIT"R 
IRW$LIM , $IRD LNGB WAIP$R LMARXW BBAR $B& LH$IG AT NICXWNW HRA$WN H&WNH 
( 20 ) , AXRI SIDRH BL&DIT MPTI&H $L 5 TIQW BZH AXR ZH . BIT"R T"A 
NSWG LMQWM H$LI$I AXRI $NXL HPSD RA$WN LHPW&L TL ABIB , $HIH ZH NICXWN 
HBKWRH $LW ( 10 ) M$&R $L IWSI ABWQSIS . MKBI TL ABIB H$IG AT NICXWNW 
H$NI , HP&M &L CPRIRIM BXWLWN , RQ 21 ABL MSPIQ KDI LH&LWT AT HMWRAL 
WLHGBIR AT HTXW$H $&M $NI HNICXWNWT HRCWPIM TXL HTQWPH HWWRWDH $HAWHDIM 
KK MIIXLIM LH . HPW&L IRW$LIM HWTIR AT MKBI NTNIH AXT M$LW$ HQBWCWT HIXIDWT 
$&DIIN LA H$IGW NICXWN , KA$R GBR &L HNTNIITIM 10 WDIRDR AWTM L$KNWT - 
BMCWQH &M $NI SWGRI H@BLH MXWLWN WMKPR SBA . HQBWCH HSIMP@IT MKPR SBA 
HPKH LMSNNT $L HLIGH WKL QBWCH MIIXLT LHTMWDD &M KPR SBA , HMXLCT AT 
IRIBWTIH MHM$BR . ATMWL HIH IWMM $L HALWPIM M$KWNT HTQWWH , $BAMC&WT 
XRARDW GWNZALS RISSW AT H$&R HKPR SBAI BARB&H KDWRIM . AT KL HARB&H KB$ 
KWKBM HARGN@INI , MAZN HBQ&H AI$I NDIR WMR$IM , ABL LA $IA HBQ&H LAWMI . 
BMXZWR H - 6 HWBQ&W 41 $&RIM , HWRXQW $NI $XQNIM WCPW , &L PI DIWWXI 
SWPRI " SPWR@ HARC " 52 ALP CWPIM , MMWC& $L 5000 CWPIM LMGR$ . 

* 

BKL P&M $HWWTIQIM MTG&G&IM LIMIM &BRW , WNANXIM KI MH $QWRH &K$IW ZH - 
LA - MH - $HIH , MTRISIM KLPIHM HC&IRIM , KI AIN ZH NKWN $P&M HIH @WB 
IWTR . MXLWQT NICXIT ZW , $MQWRH LA RQ BP&R - DWRWT WBHBDLI H$QPH WTPISH , 
XWZRT &L &CMH BKL P&M $SPWR@AI I$RALI , QBWCH AW NBXRT , NQL&IM BXWSR 
AWNIM LPR$T DRKIM . KMW $QWRH BIMIM ALH , BCWRH MWX$IT BIWTR , &M HKDWRGLNIM 
HAWLIMPIIM $LNW . AXRI HTBWSWT BBRH"M WBCKIH , HW$G B$BW& $&BR BA$DWD 
NICXWN M&WDD &L HPWLNIM , KDI LH&LWT BMQCT AT HMWRAL H$PWP WL$QM AT HBI@XWN 
HM&WR&R LPNI HI&D HMM$I : HM$XQ HQDM AWLIMPI HRA$WN $LNW BIWM D $L H$BW& 
HBA BIWWN , BBIT 8 BAIRWPH , HKWLL GM AT $WWDIH WQPRISIN . C&IRINW 
$ABW &IDWD MN HHI$G BA$DWD , HGM $LA @I$@$ AT HLIQWIIM HAWPIINIIM WX$P 
MXD$ NQWDWT TWRPH GLWIWT . H$ALH HX$WBH KRG& AINH , AM HMAMNIM ICXQ $NIAWR 
WI&QB GRWNDMN IMCAW AT HNWSXH LIICWB HM&RK H&WRPI HXDIR , L$IPWR HKW$R 
WLHGBRT HQCB ; GM LA AM IWWTRW &L QI$WR DPNSIWWI , AW IHMRW &L XWD HTQPI 
IWTR . LD&TI , MTMQDT HB&IH B$TI $ALWT P$W@WT : HAM HKDWRGLN HI$RALI 
HC&IR , MTXT LGIL 12 , MSWGL L$XQ AXRT MKPI $HWRGL MILDWTW ? WHAM BN 
HDWR HZH , KPI $HWA NRAH WPW&L KL IMWT H$NH , PXWT MWK$R MQWDMW ? GM 
AM Q$H MAD LHGI& LNWSXH MQWBLT &L HKL , LQBI&T DIRWG AIKWTI $L IXIDIM 
BSPWR@ QBWCTI KM&@ HKL TMIMI D&IM , KI MCWIIM KIWM B&WLM KDWRGLNIM M&@IM , 
AM BKLL , $RAWI LHZKIRM BN$IMH AXT &M LH , QRWIP , BQNAAR , $QA$ , 
AZBIW , PLA@INI WI CRL@WN . IAMRW MRADWNH , WAN BAS@N WXLI@ ; ABL 
I$ D&WT AXRWT . MH $AINW $NWI BMXLWQT : TWR - HZHB XLP . PS - HIICWR 
MPIQ KIWM KWKBIM BRMT - GIMWR $WNH . HTWP&H H&WLMIT LA PSXH &LINW . KWKBM 
$L XWDWRWB , $PIGLR , $PIGL , S@LMK , GLZR , ABI KHN WAXRIM DRK BGIL 
C&IR , WMI $QL@ AWTM BGIL 5161 ID& LAN IGI&W . LA BKDI NI$A $MM BH&RCH 
BPI MAWT ALPIM , WTRWMTM LKDWRGL NIKRT &D HIWM WM&WRRT G&GW&IM . LA 
RQ BQRB HWWTIQIM . HM CMXW &L QRQ& $WNH , BAWIRH AXRT , K$LSML $&L 
XWLCTM M$M&WT RBH IWTR MA$R L$WRH HAXRWNH BX$BWN HBNQ KIWM . &M KL HKBWD , 
AIN IWR$IHM HC&IRIM IKWLIM L&MWD MWLM B$WM TXRWT , M$WM BXINH . APILW 
LA HMWK$RIM WH@WBIM $BHM , AM LHZKIR RQ AT NIN , BN $M&WN , ZWHR , 
NMNI , BRQWBIC TQWWT H&TID $LNW WISLXW LI AM $KXTI &WD KMH MHM . 
HSIKWI $LHM L$XZR AT HI$GI H&BR $L BNI GILM QLW$ , LAW DWWQA BA$MTM . 
I$ HRBH SIBWT @WBWT LHTRPQ GM &L HI$GI NBXRWT I$RALIWT BWGRWT , MXW$LWT 
WI&ILWT , $LM&$H HTBSSW &L HNW&R HMC@IIN W$ABW MMNW AT $XQNI - HMPTX . 
HHCLXH B$TI AWLIMPIADWT , K$BMKSIQW 8691 HXMCNW AT XCI HGMR HHIS@WRI 
RQ BHGRLH AKZRIT , N$ARH BGDR XLWM . MIGBLT HGIL ( &D 12 ) , $HWNHGH 
LM$XQI 2991 BBRCLWNH , I$ BH LKAWRH QW$I MSWIIM AK GM TW&LT LA MBW@LT . 
ASWR L$KWX , KI $NIM RBWT NHNW HNBXRWT H"XWBBNIWT " $L MZRX AIRWPH 
M&DIPT &CWMH , KA$R $IGRW LM&$H L@WRNIRIM AWLIMPIIM AT HNBXRWT HLAWMIWT 
&M KL KWKBIHN . ZW HSIBH LNICXWNWT HRBIM $L HWNGRIH , BRIH"M , IWGWSLWWIH 
WNBXRWT AXRWT MHMZRX . &K$IW HKL $WWIM , LKAWRH , K$&L QW HZINWQ GILAI 
02 BN&LI KDWRGL . AK MSTBR KI B&IMWT ZH , BIN K$RWN , NSIWN , MQCW&IWT 
WMSWRT , MTQ$H HI$RALI LHTMWDD B$WWIWN KWXWT &M IRIBIM MAIRWPH , $KL 
KK RCINW LH$TLB BH MXD$ . LA RQ M$WM $HWA @RWD MDI BB&IWT BI@XWN , KLKLH 
WXBRH ; LA RQ MPNI $XSRIM LW ISWDWT KMW @KNIQH AI$IT , MHIRWT WSIBWLT ; 
WGM LA M$WM $MI$HW SBWR , $HHWRAWT H@Q@IWT $HWA MQBL MNWGDWT LCRKIM 
WAINN &WLWT BQNH AXD &M HMN@LIWT WHAWPI , HKI$WRIM WIKWLT HBICW& . MH 
$HSPIQ LHI$GIM GDWLIM LPNI 0203 $NH , LA DI BW KIWM AP LA LHCLXH I$RALIT 
CNW&H . AT HSIBWT CRIK LXP$ BBIT , BXWG HM$PXH , BBIT HSPR , BXINWK 
HKLLI , BRXWB , BMW&DWN WLBSWP BMGR$ HKDWRGL WBICI&IM HMQIPIM AWTW , 
LRWB BAWIRH &CBNIT WMTWXH H&WMDT BSTIRH MWXL@T LKMH MI&DIH HAMITIIM $L 
HTMWDDWT SPWR@IWWIT . HC&IR HI$RALI $WB AINW " XWLH KDWRGL " , WLA MKR 
LM$XQ HPWPWLRI . I$ LW SDRI &DIPWIWT M$LW GM BSPWR@ AM LHZKIR RQ @NIS 
WKDWRSL WHWA M&DIP CWRT BILWI AXRT : QNQN BIRH BPAB , DISQW@QIM , 
HIMWRI @W@W WLW@W . AWRX HXIIM HKLLI H$TNH MN HISWD ; RQ HKDWRGL $LNW 
N$AR K$HIH . M&@ MAD AIKWT , HNAH WBIDWR ; IWTR MDI $IGRH W$&MWM . 
BTL ABIB HQ@NH , K$LA HIW RMZWRIM ; K$BGRW$ HIH XWR ; K$BTNWBH AKLW 
LN ; K$LA HIW @LWIZIWT , WQMNIM WQWMPQ@ - DISQIM ; K$ILDIM $IXQW BGWLIM 
WBDMQH BMQWM BQLPIM WBRWL@H HTKWNNW $BW& $LM LM$XQ LIGH BKDWRGL WTIKNNW 
KICD " LHTPLX " B&D HGDR LAIC@DIWN HMKBIH $&L GDWT HIRQWN , AW LMGR$ 
HPW&L HI$N $LID HWWADI B$KWNT MWN@IPIWRI . HIWM MCI&IM LAWHDI HKDWRGL 
MW$BIM NWXIM WTAI KBWD , ABL AIN QWPCIM RBIM ALA P&MIIM - $LW$ B$NH . 
WAM TRCW GM ZH , B&CM , &W$H AT KL HHBDL . 

* 

IIB WNBXRT BRIH"M , HXTWM &L XWZH L&WNH ZW &M AWPCIH L$TI &WNWT NWSPWT 
BMKBI XIPH LA IGI& KDI L$XQ BI$RAL . AM$ HXLI@H HNHLT MKBI XIPH LWWTR 
&L $IRWTIW $L H$W&R HRWSI , HN MSIBWT KSPIWT , HN KDI $LA LPGW& B$W&R 
GIWRA AN@MN . 

* 

GILRDI , G . HR$LIQWBIC ( XLPWN ) , AQHWIZ , SGL , D . HR$LIQWBIC , 
MWSA , ALI KHN , MWS@RL , ABWQSIS ( HLL ) , ZANW , LINHR@ . HMAMN : 
ARIH BZRNW . ALBZ , $ . &MR , PRSLNI ( AIZMIRLI ) , BWHDNH , 
I . &MR , NISN KHN ( ABI@L ) , NSIM KHN , SWQRIS@WB , WLDZ , IRWN 
KHN , RWQMN . HMAMN : ICXQ $WM . $P@ &WBDIH BN ICXQ , 000 , 6 CWPIM , 
BBLWMPILD . LPNI $BW& HQHIL HDRBI HTL ABIBI HGDWL BIN HPW&L LMKBI 52 
ALP CWPIM MAWKZBIM . ATMWL HGI&W LDRBI HTL ABIBI HQ@N , BIN HPW&L LBIT"R , 
RQ K - 000 , 6 CWPIM WGM HM AWKZBW MRMT HKDWRGL HIRWDH , XWC MAWHDI 
HPW&L $HIW WDAI MRWCIM MNICXWN HLIGH HRA$WN . LBIT"R ZH HIH HPSD LIGH 
RA$WN $B&@IW NW$L MRA$WT H@BLH . HPW&L $M DG$ &L XWLIIT QI$WR MWGBRT WCPWPH 
$NI@RLH HI@B AT Q$RI BIT"R WHCLIXH BM$IMT HHGNH $LH , AK LA TMKH MSPIQ 
BHTQPH HDLILH ( XLWC BWDD ) . RWB HM$XQ HTNHL BIN $TI RXBWT H - 61 , 
K$LM&$H LA HCLIXH AP QBWCH LXDWR AL RXBWT H&WN$IN . LA HIW PRICWT MHAGP 
WSIKWNI H$&R HIW AK WRQ MB&I@WT MRXWQ . SGNWN M$XQ ZH GRM L$&MWM GDWL 
WLXWSR &NIN . LMRWT $&T H&RB HQRIRH WMZG HAWWIR HAIRWPI , HTNHL HM$XQ 
B&CLTIIM K$LRWB NMSR HKDWR LIRIB , AWLI MPNI $H$XQNIM SWNWWRW MHZRQWRIM 
RBI H&WCMH . BIT"R HPTI& BXWL$TW . NSIM KHN N$MR HI@B WIRWN KHN HIH ANWKI 
MDI . GM KL H$AR LA HGI&W LRMTM HRGILH . RQ BDQH H - 42 NB&@ HKDWR LRA$WNH 
L&BR H$&R , WHIH ZH DWD HR$LIQWBIC $B&@ M - 02 M@R AK GBI ALBZ HDP BZINWQ 
NHDR LQRN . BDQH H - 34 B&@ IWSI ABWQSIS , BP&M HRA$WNH $LW , L$&R 
M - 02 M@R WHKDWR XMQ M&L HM$QWP . AK BDQH H - 47 , BB&I@H HRA$WNH $NB&@H 
BMXCIT H$NIH L&BR H$&R , DIIQ ABWQSIS IWTR WHWA $ILX KDWR NPLA M - 02 
M@R AL BIN XIBWRI HQWRWT . RQ LAXR KIBW$ $&R NHDR ZH HT&WRR HM$XQ WNWCRW 
MSPR MCBIM LID H$&RIM , AK HIH ZH IWMW $L HPW&L $HCLIX L$MWR , M$XQ 
$NI BRCIPWT , &L R$T NQIIH , WATMWL BM$XQW H$I$I AP ZKH BNICXWN RA$WN . 


* 

CWPIM , WA$R MILA KL PINH BAC@DIWN HMQWMI BA$DWD , HIH &D LDRBI HMDWBR 
$L H$BW& HAXRWN BW HWPGNH RMH LA M$KN&T . B&IQR HTAKZBW HALPIM MN H&WBDH 
$LA NKB$W $&RIM ( 00 ) . H&IR A$DWD AIMTH AT HMWNI@IN HHWLK LPNIH K&IR 
M@WRPT LKDWRGL . GM HHTNHGWT HSPWR@IWWIT $L HAWHDIM RAWIH LH&RKH . HRXQ 
MHMWLT HDRBI HA$DWDI HMAKZB HTBRG MWBIL XD$ BARCIT : HPW&L R"G , $NICX 
31 AT MKBI $&RIIM WLW 2 NQWDWT IWTR M&IRWNI $AIBD AT HPSGH . LMQWM H$LI$I 
&LH MKBI IBNH $NICX AT HPW&L @BRIH 10 . MKBI P"T MM$IK LABD NQWDWT RQ 
11 &M MKBI IPW WIRD LMQWM HXMI$I . BIT"R NTNIH NICX 20 AT MKBI &KW W&LH 
MN HMQWM H&$IRI L$I$I . HPW&L XIPH HR$IM BH$IGW TIQW 22 AXRI $PIGR 02 
NGD $M$WN . GM XDRH W&MIDR SIIMW BTIQW 22 . BT IM W@IRT HKRML SIIMW 
BTIQW 00 . QPSPBIN0007 AI$ , $NDXSW LMGR$ BA$DWD CPW BM$XQ IRWD &M ITRWN 
BWL@ BRWB $LBIW LHPW&L . HICI& XWLQ LMXNH HADWM $L HPW&L WHMXNH HCHWB 
$L &IRWNI . HIW BLWNIM , C&IPIM WXWLCWT . HTNHGWT HQHL HITH LMWPT WKLLH 
&IDWD QWLNI WSPWR@IBI . LH$LMT HTMWNH HNPLAH XSRW $&RIM . $P@&WBDIH CBI , 
0007 CWPIM , BA$DWD . LB MKBI P"T MCMRT HLIGH LA HCLIX LNCL ITRWNW 
KDI LGBWR &L MKBI IPW MMRKZ H@BLH . HAWRXIM $&LW BHRKB HGNTI HPTI&W B&LIITM 
LITRWN BMXCIT HRA$WNH , AWLM HMQWMIIM , $PTXW AT HMXCIT H$NIH BS&RH , 
HCLIXW LH$WWT WHRBW LHXMIC MMCBIM NWXIM . HHXMCH HGDWLH MKWLN HITH $L 
ASI BN $M&WN DQH LSIWM , BHIWTW LBD MWL H$W&R . $P@ I&QB BN - XMW , 
0001 CWPIM , BPTX TQWH . LB QPSPBINTWK KDI H$GT NCXWN RBI&I RCWP &LH 
HPW&L R"G LRA$ H@BLH LRA$WNH H&WNH . BDQH H - 6 H&LH IWBL N&IM AT R"G 
LITRWN BB&I@H M - 02 M . BDQH H - 45 KB$ AT $&RW H - 5 H&WNH , MN HNQWDH 
HLBNH , LAXR HK$LT PA$B BRXBH . 2 DQWT MAWXR IWTR HK$IL N&IM AT &ZRIH 
BRXBH WAHWD &IDN CIMQ AT HTWCAH BB&I@T 11 . IWSI GWRWDNH BISS NCXWN QBWCTW 
BNGIXH 01 DQWT LSIWM . $P@ RXMIM DINACI , 1500 CWPIM , BGB&TIIM . 
LB QPSPBINHRBH HXMCWT MMCBIM NWXIM $L IBNH , BGLL M$XQ HGNTI $L @BRIH 
$HZMINH HTQPWT . BIN XLWCI IBNH , $HRBW LHXMIC , NICL ANRIQH WRWN HZDMNWT 
AXT BLBD , KDI LH&NIQ LQBWCTW PRS $L 3 NQWDWT B&D NCXWN $HITH RAWIH LW . 
$P@ ARIH WWLP , 000 , 1 CWPIM , BIBNH . LB QPSPBINMXCIT RA$WNH XL$H 
MAWD WB$NIH $IPWR BIKWLT H$M$WNIM $HTB@A B$NI $&RIM . H$NI HIH $&R BKWRH 
LQIISI BLIGH . KA$R NRAH HIH , KI HPW&L XIPH &WMD LNXWL TBWSH HXL LHPGIN 
NICWCWT $L KDWRGL BRA$WT IWSI QRMRB WAI$AM ZW&BI . TWK 01 DQWT AIBDW 
H$M$WNIM 2 NQWDWT $HIW KH QRWBWT LMAZNM . $P@ $LMH $XR , 003 CWPIM , 
BBLWMPILD . LB QPSPBINM$XQ M$&MM WDL AIRW&IM . @IRT HKRML HITH QRWBH 
IWTR LNICXWN $NMN& HWDWT LIKWLT H@WBH $L MNW $WWRC , H$W&R HWWTIQ WHMNWSH 
$L BT IM , LH HIH ZH TIQW XMI$I H&WNH . $P@ I&QB MMN , 052 CWPIM , 
BLZRWS XWLWN . LB DWWQA HMQWMIIM $PIGRW 02 BTWM HMXCIT HRA$WNH HXMICW 
NCXWN AXRI $TQPW BRWB $LBI HM$XQ . BMXCIT H$NIH HGBIRH XDRH AT LXCH WH$&RIM 
$KB$H HIW RQ &NIN $L ZMN . DQH MN HSIWM HCLIXH LH$WWT AT HTWCAH . $P@DWD 
DH MRQDW , 500 CWPIM , BXDRH . LBQPSPBIN LAXR $NI HPSDIM RCWPIM $WB 
MXIIKIM BNTNIH . XNIKIW $L ALI XGG MBIT"R NTNIH HTAW$$W &L X$BWN H&KWAIM . 
HM KB$W $NI $&RIM WNICXW 20 . $P@ MAIR BRQW , 051 CWPIM , BNTNIH . 


* 

HALWP HI$RALI BKDWR&P , MKBI TL ABIB , &LH AM$ LSIBWB H$NI BGBI& AIRWPH 
LALWPWT , LAXR $NICXH BPMGWS@H , QPRISIN , AT SALMINH 30 ( 516 , 
5111 , 519 ) . HMC@IINIM : MR@IN APL , DNI PRIDMN WARZ $K@R . MKBI , 
$NICX GM BM$XQ HRA$WN BTL ABIB 30 , ITMWDD BSIBWB H$NI &M PR@IZN BLGRD 
HXZQH . B@WRNIR LQBWCWT MXZIQWT GBI& HWDX HPW&L BT IM , AXRI $NWCX BGWMLIN 
03 BIDI HQBWCH HBLGIT GNAQ RWZLSR . HM$XQ HRA$WN BIN $TI HQBWCWT , $N&RK 
GM HWA BBLGIH , NICXW HBLGIM 30 . ALWPT I$RAL LN$IM , QBWCT HPW&L M@H 
A$R , NWCXH 03 ( 451 , 451 , 1151 ) BM$XQ HRA$WN BGBI& AIRWPH LALWPWT 
BIDI AN@WNIWS HRN@ALS MBLGIH . M$XQ HGWMLIN ITQIIM GM HWA H&RB BBLGIH . 
M&WPPWT HPW&L &MQ IZR&AL HWDXW M$XQI GBI& HHTAXDWT HAIRWPIT , LAXR $NWCXW 
AM$ BGWMLIN BGWRN IZR&AL 03 BIDI BNWT GAL@ASRAI AIS@NBWL . GM BM$XQ HRA$WN 
$HIH B@WRQIH NWCXH HQBWCH HI$RALIT 03 . 

* 

BP&M H$NIIH TWK XWD$ NPSQ HX$ML BAMC& HIWM WLLA HTRAH . HP&ILWT BM$RDIM 
BMRKZ TL - ABIB $WTQH . MSMKIM XIWNIIM NTQ&W BMKWNWT HH&TQH , SWKNWIWT 
NSI&WT NTQ&W BAMC& HZMNH LXW"L AW HNPQT KR@IS . MI $X$B $HHWRAH $$IGR 
LBWRSH ICAH BMW&D HTAKZB , WAWLI HPSID KSP . MDW& HPSQWT HX$ML MWBNWT 
MALIHN LXBRT HX$ML WLKN HWPKWT L$GRH ? MDW& LPXWT AIN HM MPRSMIM HTNCLWT 
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AT H&BWDH ? . HPSQT MIM BLTI MTWKNNT &LWLH LHIWT CRH CRWRH , K$ATH 
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B$&H $B& WXCI BBWQR . BGLL HTRAH $L DQWT SPWRWT BLBD , B$I@H H&TIQH 
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MDW& ? HRI H&BWDWT LHXLPT HCNRT BAWTW MQWM ( RXWB SIRQIN ) , TWKNNW 
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LA @RX LPRSM TIQWN @&WT . B&QBWT TLWNWT NWSPWT $LNW , HWDI& SMNK"L 
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MRA$ &L - IDI XIWB B&RK &TIDI . BBNQ DISQWN@ WBBNQ LAWMI HHTR&H NMSRT 
01 IMIM MRA$ . ALA $BDISQWN@ MXIIBIM B&RK &TIDI RQ SKWMIM $M&L 02 $"X , 
WBBNQ LAWMI BLI HBDL SKWM . BBNQ HPW&LIM AIN HTR&H KLL . BBNQ LAWMI , 
L&WMT ZAT , $WLXIM LB&L HX$BWN HWD&H MWQDMT AK WRQ BA$R LSKWM HGBWH 
M04 $"X . AIN SPQ $$IRWT MZ&RI ZH , LMNI&T M$IKT - ITR BLTI CPWIH , 
MQL &L HLQWX . 

* 

NW$A HLIMWD BBTI HSPR H$NH HWA " &LIIH WQLI@H " . WKRGIL , KA$R M$RD 
HXINWK QWB& NW$A , KL H&WSQ BHPQT HCGWT TIA@RWN LCIBWR HCRKNIM MHGDWLIM 
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MAWS@RIH B0591 . HIITI ILDH BT $MWNH , WLMRWT $HIITI MSPIQ C&IRH LHTGBR 
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LKTWB KTBH &L &LIIH , WTGWBTH MWKRT : " ABL MH ANI KBR IKWLH LKTWB 
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LA KTBW ? " NPG$TI &M HRBH &WLIM , BINIHM BNI NW&R BPNIMIWT . HTBRR 
LI $GL H&LIIH HZH DWMH MAWD LGL $&MW HG&TI ANI . ZW AINH &LIIH KI AM 
HGIRH : KMWNW , GM H&WLIM $BAIM &K$IW HM PLI@IM , &QWRIM , $LA IWD&IM 
KLWM &L IHDWT XWC MH&WBDH $HM IHWDIM . HM B@X LA CIWNIM . " MAPIIN 
BWL@ NWSP $LHM HWA HHTN$AWT HADIRH . HM LA AWMRIM AT ZH , ABL B&QIPIN 
AP$R LHBIN $HM XW$BIM $ANXNW LWWN@INIM , $IRDNW MH&CIM QCT MAWXR MDI . 
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BNSIBWT LGMRI LA RGILWT . BNISIWNH LMCWA ZWWIT MQWRIT LKTBH &L &LIIH 
WQLI@H , MTXZH I&L L&WLH W&WBRT AT MSLWL HQLI@H $&WBRT &WLH C&IRH . 
H$TIIM NPG$WT BXDR Q@N BPNIMIIH , W&D $MTBRRT HTRMIT , CCIM W&WLIM HP&RIM 
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GM KI&L WGM KALINH . " ACL ALINH HDG$TI MAWD AT Q$II H$PH , KI XWWITI 
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&CMIT $LI : GM ANI KWTBT &L H&WLIM . GM ANI MRWWIXH AT LXMI MHKAB , 
HC&R WHCRWT $L HAXRIM , ABL HDWALIWT HZAT HIA BLTI NMN&T " . AT HHCGH 
BIIM ICXQ $AWLI . M$TTPIM BH &DI BN@WB , GWLI GWLD$@IIN - ARAL , GL 
ZIID , MW@I KC , ARIH CRNR W&LIZH RWZN . HHCGH MW&LIT BTIA@RWN HXAN , 
WQIINI MQWWH $QHL HI&D IHIH " KL HM$PXH " . HIA SBWRH $BP&M HBAH $TTMWDD 
&M HNW$A , T&SWQ BNW$A HZRWT WH&QRWT $L ADM MBWGR , LAXR $MICTH AT XWWIWTIH 
KILDH &WLH . 

* 

$&WT SPWRWT LPNI $HMRIA IWSP LPID LBWDP$@ ( BP&M HRBI&IT BXWD$ ZH ) 
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$LW " ( HQAMRI , 7691 ) W"TPWS AT HGNB " ( HBIMH , 3791 ) . KIWWN 
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H&LILH MTRX$T BBIT WBM&RKT H&ITWN . LPID M&ID &L HSDRH $HIA AINH AW@WBIWGRPIT 
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HTNPLWT HMBQRIM WXWSR HPRGWN , HWA AWMR , LA H&ZH H@LWWIZIH LHPIQ SDRWT 
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HANGLIT , HIA AXT H@WBWT $N&$W $M . N&$WT $M &WD MAWT SDRWT $HN IRWDWT 
BIWTR , WLKN HH$WWAH AINH HWGNT " . LPID MTLWNN &L B&IH NWSPT : " TQCIB 
$L SDRH PH HWA RQ TQCIB HMZWN $L HPQT SDRH BGRMNIH , LM$L " . LPID TB& 
KI BBIMWI HSDRH LA IHIW HCXQWT L$MN , HNWB&WT MSI@WACIWT QICWNIWT ( 
SLPS@IQ ) . HALMN@ HQWMI IHIH B@QS@ WBM$XQ . HWA XW$B $HM &W$IM SDRH 
@WBH WMCXIQH . MHQHL HWA MCPH LHTIIXSWT $L XIBH M$W&$&T . 

* 

@RIIKMN , LAH NIQL , LILIAN QLPI$ , IAIR GRBWZ WMW@I MZRXI , WLCDM 
HDPSIM $L CIIRIM NWSPIM , BSK HKL K56 &BWDWT , MWCGIM BT&RWKH HNW$AT 
AT H$M " HHDPS HAMNWTI HI$RALI " . HT&RWKH HIA BIWZMT MP&LWT DISQWN@ 
LTRBWT WLAMNWT WB$ITWP HGRPW@Q HI$RALI , &MWTT &ICWB . BMSGRT ZAT HWPQW 
&D KH $MWNH ALBWMIM . W&DH WBH AMNIM , B&LI GLRIWT WNCIGI HBNQ BXRH 
AMNIM $I$TTPW BALBWM . " HBXIRH MNSH LTT MGWWN MIICG $L HAMNWT HI$RALIT 
BTQWPH BH ICA HALBWM " , AWMRT CIPWRH ANGLMN , MMNHLWT HPRWIQ@ . HALBWMIM 
AINM KRWKIM KSPR , ALA ASWPT HDPSIM BPWRM@ MLA . " BCD AMNIM MWKRIM , 
ANXNW M&WDDIM GM AMNIM XD$IM " , MWSIPH ANGLMN . TMWRT H$IMW$ BHDPS MQBL 
HAMN BIN RB& L$LI$ MKMWT HHDPSIM HMWPQT . MKL &BWDH HWDPSW BALBWMIM HRA$WNIM 
BIN 52 L05 &WTQIM . HIWM KBR MWDPSIM 001 &WTQIM . HALBWMIM NITNIM LLA 
TMWRH LMWZIAWNIM BARC , LXWGIM LTWLDWT HAMNWT , LMRKZIM QHILTIIM W&WD , 
" WZAT B&CM M@RT H&NIIN , LHPIC AMNWT , W$AN$IM IBWAW BMG& ATH " . 
&WTQIM BWDDIM , AW XLQIM MALBWM , NITNIM LMWSDWT TRBWT $WNIM AW NTRMIM 
LM@RWT AISWP KSPIM . HT&RWKH MWCGT BBIT ARIALH &D H11 . 52 . 

* 

" , &L - PI TSRI@ $L XNWK LWIN , $RH TIQI DIIN AT " ANI XIH LI MIWM 
LIWM " , H$IR $NWD& BGRSTH HQCBIT $L RI@H . H$IR NKTB BMQWR LSR@ ZH WHWA 
MWBA BW BLXN MWPNM WBRWX XNWK LWIN $L RPI QDI$ZWN . ZHW $IRH $L GLWSQA 
( RWT SGL ) , GRW$H B&LT QIWSQ , HAWHBT AT $KNH , QWLP ( ALKS MWN@H ) 
, WMWKNH , AM RQ IRCH , " TMWRT M&@ MAWD LTT KL - KK HRBH " . SGL 
WMWN@H , NSIM &ZIQRI , IRDNH GWRBIC , IHWDH PWQS , ABRHM HPNR , LIAH 
QNIG , DWRI BN - ZAB , RPAL QLCQIN , PANI LWBIC WRBIM AXRIM , MGLMIM 
AT DMWIWTIW $L LWIN HP&M &L HMSK . HSINM@Q HTL - ABIBI , BMSGRT HSDRH 
" I$ QWLNW& I$RALI " , MKBD AWTNW HXWD$ BHQRNWT AXDWT $L SR@ ZH . QWLP 
HWA $&N BWDD $"RWAH KL HIWM XIIM Q@NIM " , DI &CWB MMWT AMW ( PANI LWBIC ) 
, M$T&MM MNISIWNWTIW $L IDIDW QRICR ( &ZIQRI ) LXLQ ATW AT XWWIWTIW 
&M N$WT H$KWNH , $WNA AT GLWSQA WMXKH $TGI& AL BITW HA$H $&LIH HWA XWLM . 
HSR@ HWA SIPWR HXLWM HZH . KRIS@INH , MLKT $WWDIH HIPH WHRWWQH ( IRDNH 
GWRBIC ) , MGI&H LARC BMSGRT XIPW$IH AXR B&L . HPN@SIH MSPRT &L HMPG$ 
BIN H$&N HITWM WHMLKH , $LRG& NDMIT KAILW HIA HIA TWKN HXLWM . AK ZHW 
RQ XLWM , WHIA TTXTN LBSWP &M XWAN MLK SPRD ( DWDW @WPZ ) , QWLP IXZWR 
LBDIDWTW WKMWHW KL AN$I H$KWNH , H&IR WHARC , $R@@ &BR BHM K$XLPH HRWX 
HMLKWTIT . RQ GLWSQA TMWT , KI HIA RCTH IWTR MPN@SIH . HNW$AIM HMWKRIM 
MN H@QS@IM WHMXZWT $L LWIN MCWIIM GM KAN . HQWLNW& HWA LLA SPQ HMQWM 
HMW$LM LDIWN BPN@SIWT ; PS HQWL HMWSIQLI NW$A AIKWIWT HWLIWWDIWT , WL&TIM 
HWPK HSR@ LMIWZIQL ; KA$R QWLP WHMLKH RWQDIM AT HWWLS $LHM , BIN AWRWT 
WCLLIM , BMW&DWN $L H$KWNH , IW$B LW RPAL QLCQIN , BTPQID QBCN MQWMI , 
W$R LNSIM &ZIQRI AT " CIPWR MKNSI H$BT $LI " . BDIRWT MSBIB , BRXWBWT 
WBBTI HQPH , IWCAIM ZWGWT ZWGWT BWWLS SW&R . BIMAI HSR@ , @RAC , IGI& 
LARC , L&RB HGALH HXGIGI LKBWD SR@W ( 11 . 31 , B$&H T$& B&RB ) , 
MLWNDWN , $M HWA MXZIQ BB&LWTW HWCAT SPRIM BNW$AI RPWAH ZH 01 $NIM . 
LPNI KN &SQ , BMSGRT XBRH $HQIM , BHPQT SR@I RPWAH WBBIMWIM . " PN@SIH 
&L NW$A RWMN@I " IWQRN BSINM@Q TL - ABIB , B51 WB61 BNWBMBR BXCWT , 
B71 BNWBMBR B$&H 03 . 7 WB03 BNWBMBR B$&H $TIIM AXR HCHRIM . 

* 

T$WRT HM$K A$R LH TNAIM HNITNIM LXWSKIM WTIQIM BLBD " , KWTB SNIP MSNIPI 
BNQ LAWMI LLQWXH , $TWKNIT HXISKWN CMWDT - HMDD $LH &MDH LPIDIWN BXWD$ 
$&BR ( AWQ@WBR ) . BHM$K NAMR , BIN H$AR , KI " MW&DI HICIAH HGMI$IM 
$L KWX T$WRT HM$K HWPKIM AT HTWKNIT LA@RQ@IWWIT " . LHLN HWDI& HBNQ LLQWXH 
KI I&BIR AT HKSPIM $HC@BRW LZKWTH , KWLL KL HH@BWT , LTWKNIT XD$H ( 
" KWX T$WRT HM$K " ) , KA$R HMDD HISWDI LGBI HTWKNIT HXD$H IHIH HMDD 
$IPWRSM BGIN AWQ@WBR 0991 . LHWD&H CWRP &LWN HMPR@ AT TNAI TWKNIT HHM$K . 
HLQWXH , $KRBIM AXRIM AINH MTMCAT BNBKI TWKNIWT HXISKWN WTNAIHN HMWRKBIM , 
PNTH LSNIP LQBL HSBRIM NWSPIM , W$M CIPW LH HPT&WT AXDWT . RA$IT , 
KK HBINH , AIN HMDWBR LM&$H BTWKNIT HM$K , ALA BTWKNIT XISKWN RGILH . 
$NIT , " MW&DI HICIAH HGMI$IM " PIRW$M $&LIH LHMTIN $NTIIM LPXWT B@RM 
TWKL L$XRR AT KSPH . $LI$IT , HRIBIT , KK NAMR LH , LDBRIH , HIA 
% 5 . 0 . BMKTBH ALI HIA MSKMT : " MH KAN T$WRH WMH HHM$K ? HAM HBNQ 
MWLIK $WLL AT HXWSK HTMIM ? BIQ$TI WQIBLTI HSBRIM MDWBR BNQ LAWMI WLMDTI 
KMH DBRIM $HIW XD$IM B$BILI . RA$IT , PR$T " $MWT " . TMID SIQRN AWTI 
LD&T MI HMCIA AT H$MWT HMWZRIM HLLW LTWKNIWT HXISKWN , $HTHDRW &TH B$M 
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HBNQIM : HAWCR , BA$RW MSGRT KLLIT LSWG TWKNIWT MSWIM , HMCIA AT H$M 
" T$WRH " ( QWDM LKN " T$WAH " ) , W&TH HTIR LHWSIP AT HTIBH " HM$K " 
LTWKNIT MTWQNT ; BNQ LAWMI HMCIA AT " KWX " , BNQ HPW&LIM HBRIQ B"M@MWN " 
WKWLI . BMH MTB@A H"HM$K " , KLWMR , MH HM H"TNAIM HNITNIM LXWSKIM WTIQIM 
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RQ TNAI M$WPR AXD : KL HMW&DIM MWQDMIM B$NH AXT . LDWGMH , AM BTWKNIT 
RGILH IKWL HXWSK LCAT MN HTWKNIT K&BWR $NTIIM , KA$R HBNQ M$LM LW % 59 
MN HRIBIT WHHCMDH $NCBRW BTKNIT " HM$K " HWA R$AI LCAT &M NZQ KN"L 
KBR AXRI $NH AXT ; AM BTWKNIT HRGILH IQBL HXWSK RIBIT $NTIT B$I&WR $L 
AXWZ $LM ( WLA XCI AXWZ , KPI $HBINH HXWSKT B@&WT ) LAXR $ITMID BXISKWN 
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MI - IWD& - MH BH$WWAH LCIPIWT HMT&WRRWT BLB LQWX TMIM LMQRA HWD&T HBNQ ! 
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" HTNAIM HNITNIM LXWSKIM WTIQIM BLBD " , IPSID BM&BR MTWKNIT LTWKNIT . 
BMQRH $L HLQWXH HN"L HIH MDWBR BMDD AWQ@WBR , HNAMD BK$NI AXWZIM W$QWL 
KNGD RIBIT $L $NTIIM . PR@ Q@N . HMWZR HWA , $AWTW BNQ LAWMI ( KMWHW 
KBNQ MZRXI ) MCI& LXWSK TWKNIT CMWDT - MDD $BH HPSD MDD , AK BLI $IIHNH 
MHTNAIM HNITNIM LXWSKIM WTIQIM BLBD " , KLWMR HQDMT MW&DIM B$NH AXT . 
DBR ZH LA CWIN BHWD&H . HLQWXH $ALH L&CTI , MH L&$WT BKSP HM$TXRR . 
$ALTI AWTH AM AINH ZQWQH BMQRH LHXLPT HMKWNIT , L$IPWC HDIRH AW , LMC&R , 
LXIDW$ M$Q MK$IRI HX$ML HBITIIM $LH . KL HXLWPWT HMWC&WT HIWM LXWSK 
HSWLIDI , M&MIDWT AWTW BPNI DILMH : LXSWK AW LCRWK , WLKN GM " H$Q&WT " 
BMWCRIM BNI QIIMA HN XLWPWT HRAWIWT L$IQWL RCINI . HMWMXIM LH$Q&WT WLXSKWNWT 
MZKIRIM MP&M LP&M , BMSGRT &CWTIHM LXWSKIM WM$QI&IM , AT HMQ"M ( MLWWH 
QCR MW&D ) , AK MWSIPIM MID $HT$WAH ( HRWWX ) BH$Q&TW MGI&H , LPI 
TQWPT HPDIWN , L%41 &D % 81 , KLWMR PXWT MHAINPLCIH HXZWIH , WLKN H$Q&H 
BMQ"M GWRRT HPSD MM$I . AP$R LRAWT AT H&NIIN MZWWIT QCT AXRT . KIDW& , 
HMDD MW$P& BAXRWNH BMIWXD M&LIWT MXIRI HDIWR . NIQX AT MDD H$NH HAXRWNH 
( AWQ@WBR 9891 - SP@MBR 0991 ) : HMDD HKLLI &LH B%6 . 81 , MDD HMXIRIM 
LLA DIWR &LH B%9 . 31 BLBD . NNIX $I$ LKM DIRH , AINKM ZQWQIM LDIRH 
NWSPT WLA TKNNTM LRKW$ DIRH NWSPT AIZH MDD RLWWN@I LGBIKM ? ANI @W&N , 
$HMDD LLA DIWR RLWWN@I BMQRH ZH IWTR MA$R HMDD HKWLL DIWR . AM KK , 
RKI$T MQ"M BT$WAH $L % 81 BPS@MBR 9891 HNIBH RWWX RIALI NAH . AM IM$IKW 
MXIRI HDIWR LHDHIR AT HMDD GM BXWD$IM HBAIM H$Q&H BMQ"M HIA AP$RWT A@RQ@IWWIT 
MAWD , MH GM $HMQ"M NITN LMIMW$ BKL &T , HSIKWN Q@N W&MLWT HKNISH , 
HICIAH WHPDIWN NMWKWT . SWKNWT P@RWLGZ BKPR SBA , " BIGZ " , 
AWLI LA HMCIAH AT H$I@H , ABL BGINH NWD& LI &L KK LRA$WNH : AIK LAP$R 
LLQWX HPWR& X$BWN L$LM $TI &MLWT LBNQ , BMQWM AXT . MWNX LPNI X$BWN 
$L SWKNWT ZW &L ASPQT GZ LCRKN , HKWLL S&IP " XIWB BGIN T$LWM BBNQ 
37 . 1 $QL " . LQWX $ILK &M X$BWN ZH LBNQ , I$LM $TI &MLWT , AXT BMSGRT 
HX$BWN WAXT BMI$RIN LBNQ . MH &WMD MAXWRI HSIDWR HZH ? LPNI XWD$IM AXDIM 
NMAS LSWKNWT " BIGZ " L$LM AT &MLT HMW@B BSK 37 . 1 $QL , $HBNQ GWBH 
MMQBL HT$LWM , WLKN HXLI@H , $AM HCRKN KBR M$LM AT &MLT HM$LM $I$LM 
GM AT &MLT HMW@B . LZKWTH IIAMR , $SWKNWT " BIGZ " MAP$RT L$LM AT 
HX$BWN BLA &MLH KLL ABL L$M KK CRIK LHTIICB BM$RDIH . 

* 

" L&WLM LA " , AWMR HSWPR HPRWANI MRIW WRGAS IWSH , " ZW MLH $ANI M$TM$ 
BMQRIM M&@IM MAWD . ABL &L HPWLI@IQH ANI IKWL LWMR NXRCWT : L&WLM LA 
&WD . L&WLM LA AXZWR LM&WRBWT PWLI@IT MSIBH KL$HI , L&WLM LA APSIQ LKTWB " . 
WRGAS IWSH NRAH KMI $ICA LLA PG& M$LW$ H$NIM $BHN XR$ AT ARCW HMRW$$T 
WMWKT HALIMWT , BNISIWNW LHIBXR LN$IA . HWA MWDH $HWA MAWKZB , AK IXD 
&M ZAT HWA " X$ HQLH MSWIMT " &L $HBWXRIM H&DIPW &L PNIW AT ALBR@W PWGIMWRI , 
AGRWNWM IPANI - PRWANI . MS& HBXIRWT $L WRGAS IWSH NB& , LDBRIW , 
MTXW$T HAXRIWT $LW NWKX H@RGDIH $L PRW WAMWNTW KI HMDINH &$WIH LH$TNWT 
WL$G$G &M KLKLT $WQ XWP$I . ABL B&WBRW MHANGLIT HMCWINT $BPIW LCRPTIT 
HMW$LMT $LW MGLH HSWPR HHDWR , HMLW@$ WAI$ H&WLM HGDWL $"LBW LA HIH $LM " 
&M &ISWQW BPWLI@IQH . KK APWA HWA XZR LI&WDW HSPRWTI . HNWBLH HQCRH AK 
HDXWSH B$M " B$BXI HAM HXWRGT " , $PWRSMH ZH &TH BXBRT HHWCAH LAWR " PRR , 
S@RAWS AND ZIRW " , NKTBH KA$R NKNS MXBRH B7891 LPWLI@IQH $L ARCW , 
KAI$ HB$WRH $L KLKLT $WQ . BNWBLH HWA MRAH $P&ILWTW HCIBWRIT LA HSIXH 
M&WLM AT D&TW MHTMQDWTW HBSISIT B&WLMM HPR@I $L BNI HADM . HGIBWR DWN 
RIGWBR@W , MNK"L XBRT BI@WX , MPNH &WRP LXBRH , KDI LICWR &WLM ARW@I 
MSPQ WPR@I BIWTR . &WLM ZH BNWI MT$WMT HLB WGINWNI HNIMWSIM $L AI$ H&WLM 
$HWA M&TIR &L A$TW HXD$H DWNIH LWQRSIH , MAHBTW LTMWNWT ARW@IWT WMHQPDTW 
&L @QSI RXCH AI$IIM , K@QS HXGIGI WHDQDQNI $HWA &W$H LPNI QIWM IXSI MIN . 
HTMWNWT $$$ MHN MWPI&WT BSPR MGRWT AT HZIWTIW HMINIWT $L DWN RIGWBR@W . 
HRXCH MKINH AT GWPW LMIMW$N , WDWNIH LWQRSIH , $ZH &TH MLAW LH 04 $NH , 
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GWPNI CRWP , KDI LNSWT LMM$ AW@WPIH AI$IT WLA XBRTIT " , AMR WRGAS IWSH 
BN H45 K$BIQR LA MKBR BNIW - IWRQ . " ANI XW$B $KZH HWA HSWPR , HWA 
IWCR MHAWBSSIH $LW &WLM , MWBL&T $BH HWA M$TQ& " . BQMCW AT IDW HIMNIT 
LAGRWP HWSIP HSWPR : " KTIBH HIA HQLH MB&IWT HXIIM . ZW DRK LNQWM AT 
NQMTK . BAMNWT MGI& HSWPR LAW@WPIH . ABL KL NISIWN LMM$ AW@WPIH XBRTIT 
AXT DINW LHSTIIM B$WAH . AM ATH RWCH XBRH $L QDW$IM HTWCAH HIA GIHNWM , 
DIKWI , @W@LI@RIWT WRDIPWT " . KA$R N$AL MDW& BXR BNW$A ARW@I &NH WRGAS 
IWSH $HWA X$ KI HNW$A BXR BW . " HSIBH LKK @MWNH QRWB LWWDAI BM&MQI 
HAI$IWT $LI &CMI , M$HW HQ$WR LAWBSSIWT $LI " , AMR . ABL HITH GM SIBH 
KLLIT IWTR . HARW@IQH &WSQT BPR@ , HIA HKRZT H&CMAWT $L HADM . WRGAS 
IWSH SBWR $BRXBI H&WLM KWLW N$QP AIWM LAINDIWWIDWALIWT . " ANI MAMIN 
ADWQ BRIBWNWTW $L HPR@ " , HWA MKRIZ . " ABL H&WBDH HIA $LA RQ AIDIAWLWGIWT 
QWLQ@IWWIS@IWT AW MMLKTIWTRIKWZIWT ALA GM AWTN DMWQR@IWT WXBRWT MWDRNIWT 
&CMN $&LIHN ANW MGNIM , KIRSMW BPR@ WHGBILW AWTW . I$ LARW@IQH HCDQH 
MWSRIT M$LH , KIWWN $HIA AWMRT $H&WNG MSPIQ &BWRI . ZW HKRZH &L RIBWNWT 
HPR@ " . MLH ZW RIBWNWT MWPI&H BSPR BAWTIWT QIDW$ LBNH , B&WD H&LILH 
&W$H DRKH LQRAT SIWMH HDW - M$M&I WH@RGI - QWMI . LAXR $NKN&H LBLTI NMN& 
WNAPH &M BNH HXWRG , MWPT&T DWNIH LWQRSIH MHRG$T HSIPWQ HAWPPT AWTH . 
" BWQR AXD , KA$R PTXH AT &INIH , &LH BRA$H HM$P@ ZKITI BRIBWNWT . 
HIA HRGI$H BT MZL WM$WXRRT , AK LA IKLH LWMR MH HIH HDBR $MMNW H$TXRRH " . 
B62 $NWTIW KSWPR , $BHN PIRSM IWTR M21 SPRIM MSPR WRGAS IWSH HWA LA 
NHNH MKTIBT SPR KMW $NHNH HP&M . L&WMT $PTW BSPRIM KMW " $IXH BQTDRLH " 
AW " XIIW HAMITIIM $L ALXNDRW MII@H " , $BHM HRQ& HWA PRW &L SBLWTIH 
WMCWQTH , HPRWZH B"B$BXI HAM HXWRGT " HIA AKN &BWTH W&SISIT , MTPTLT 
WMWRKBT . " KTIBH BDRK KLL AINH HTNSWT KH MAW$RT B$BILI " , AWMR HMXBR . 
" HIA KAWBH MAWD . ABL HP&M HT&NGTI &L HKTIBH . BDRK KLL H$PH $LI 
MAWPQT WBLTI NRAIT . ABL SIPWR ZH &L AWBSSIWT W@QSIM DR$ $PH NRAIT WXW$NIT , 
$PH HM&BIRH MWSIQH WTXW$WT . HSIPWR GM DR$ MAMC RB KDI LHIMN& MHWWLGRIWT 
$L ZIMH WNIBWLI PH . $IKTBTI AWTW P&MIM RBWT " . HSPR MWTIR KMH $ALWT 
PTWXWT . WRGAS IWSH NMN& B&RMWMIWT MLSPQ T$WBWT . " HSPR M$AIR AWTK 
TWHH " , HWA AWMR , " HAM HKL HIH BDIXH . ZHW BIDWR AK I$ BW GM IWTR 
MBIDWR " . 

* 

QICWNI $PIRW$W LA RQ AWBDN HILDIM ALA GM NTQ MHM$PXH KWLH . BDRK KLL 
C&D ZH NK$L , WLW RQ BGLL HTLWT HMWXL@T BGBR $HWXDRH BHN MAZ ILDWTN . 
XWQ HZRIM HGRMNI MSII& LTLWT ZAT . ZKWT HMGWRIM $L HA$H BGRMNIH TLWIH 
BXIIM M$WTPIM &M HB&L . RQ LAXR $"HIXIDH HM$PXTIT " QIIMT ARB& $NIM , 
ZKAI BN HZWG , &L - PI S&IP 91 BXWQ HZRIM HXD$ , LHGI$ BQ$H M$LW LZKWT 
$HIIH BRPWBLIQH HPDRLIT . AK AM HA$H MTQIIMT M&ZRH SWCIALIT , KLWMR 
AM B&LH AIW MPRNS AWTH WLA DI BM$KWRT $LH , AP$R $LA LHARIK AT TWQPW 
$L R$IWN HMGWRIM $LH . HXWQ HGRMNI HWPK L"ZRW&W HMWARKT $L HGBR H@WRQI " , 
QWB&T RWPAH BM$RD II&WC BQLN . BGLL TXW$H $L AWZLT ID ML&I@WT &CMN N$IM 
@WRQIWT RBWT BTRWPWT ASPIRIN , WALIWM , LIBRIWM , NWBLGIN . MTX W&CBNWT , 
NDWDI $INH , KABI GB WT$I$WT KLLIT HM BNI LWWIITN $L N$IM @WRQIWT RBWT . 
HRWPAIM MMHRIM LR$WM MR$MIM , AWMRT HPSIKWLWGIT H@WRQIIH QRLH BARAN . 
B&IWT $PH MQ$WT &L ABXWN NKWN . NWSP LKK , " HN$IM AINN MDBRWT ACL 
HRWPA " . HN IW$BWT L&TIM QRWBWT BRA$ MWRKN WB&INIIM MW$PLWT . HMTX BIN 
HMSWRT H$MRNIT WHSBIBH M@IL M&MSH KBDH &L HILDIM . HBNWT B&IQR SWBLWT 
M"CIPIWT SWTRWT " $L HWRIHN , AWMR HIW&C HPSIKWLWGI BBTI - SPR BBRLIN , 
GWMHWR @QBASRN : HMSR HWA " ASWR LK LBLW@ ABL AT XIIBT LHI$AR @WRQIIH " 
( LBLW@ BSBIBH WL&WRR AT L&GH &L - IDI BGDIM HNX$BIM CNW&IM WM@PXT RA$ ) 
, STIRH $AINH NITNT LII$WB . KM&@ KL HILDIM BGILAI BIT - SPR HBAIM 
LM$RD LII&WC M$PXTI BWWADINGR SWBLIM MHR@BT LILH , AWMR @QBSARN . ILDWT 
WN&RWT @WRQIWT HMAW$PZWT BMXLQWT PSIKIA@RIWT SWBLWT LA AXT MHTQPIM $L 
TWQPNWT &CMIT . HN TWL$WT AT $I&RN WbWL&WT MX@IM , RBWT NISW LHTABD . 
HRWPAIM IKWLIM L&ZWR RQ BMQRIM QICWNIIM , $KN M$PXWT RBWT MTNGDWT L@IPWL 
MMW$K . KA$R MDWBR BKBWD HM$PXH IKWLWT AIMHWT LHIWT MSWKNWT BMIWXD LBNWTIHN . 
AI$H BT 24 BAH LMRPAH $M HTLMDH BTH BT H91 KASIS@N@IT RPWAIT WNISTH LDQWR 
AWTH BSKIN LXM . HN&RH SIRBH L&@WT M@PXT RA$ W$KNIM KINW AWTH ZWNH . 
XWSR AWNIM MWL BNWT $LRWBN H$KLH @WBH IWTR , BHLH LNWKX K$LWNN - HN 
WPXD MTWKXT HB&L LAMHWT @WRQIWT I$ SIBWT RBWT LXNK AT BNWTIHN BXWMRH 
LA PXWT MZAT $NKPTH &LIHN . HPDGWGIT HBRLINAIT KRIS@H MLR - HMAN AWMRT 
$HWRIM AINM MTR$MIM MQRIAWTIHN $L HBNWT L&ZRH . MLR - HMAN , MNHLT MRKZ 
MG& WII&WC LBNI NW&R H&LWLIM LHTABD , H$TATH &L TGWBWTIH $L AM , $BTH 
BT H91 QPCH MHXLWN . K&BWR ZMN MH SIPRH HBT $BGIL T$& TPRH HAM AT $PTWT 
ABR HMIN $LH , KIWWN $HILDH AIXRH LXZWR HBITH IWM AXD . HILDH PXDH PXD 
MWWT $HAM TXZWR &L HM&$H . HN&RH HWCAH MR$WT HAM . HAB N@$ AT HM$PXH 
$NIM QWDM LKN . KIWM XIH HC&IRH BM&WN WMTKWNNT LBXINWT HBGRWT . L&TIM 
QRWBWT HWRIM AINM NWTNIM SIKWI LR$WIWT HNW&R L@PL BILDIM HSWBLIM MHT&LLWT . 
HM $WLXIM AT HBNWT HMRDNIWT L@WRQIH KDI LH$IAN . M&LI S . ( 54 ) , 
B&L XBRT IIBWA - IICWA , NLQXH HAPW@RWPSWT &L $TI BNWTIW , ASWMN BT 
H61 W&IILH BT H21 , KIWWN $NHG LHKWTN BMW@ MTKT . ARB&H $BW&WT LAXR 
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LQNIWT . ACL MGDT &TIDWT @WRQIIH HWL&@W HN&RWT ALKWHWL WKDWRI $INH WNLQXW 
LAB . HWA &MD LQXT AT BNWTIW BMKWNIT L@WRQIH KDI LH$IA AWTN $M . BGBWL 
GRMNIH - AWS@RIH LINDAW - CIGLHAWZ HT&WRRH ASWMN , ICAH MHMKWNIT $NS&H 
LAI@H BTXBWRH H&MWSH WQRAH L&WBDI HMKS , " HCILW AWTNW , ABA XW@P AWTNW " . 
HAB WHDWDH N&CRW WHBNWT &BRW $@IPT QIBH . &WBDWT MRKZI XIRWM LILDWT $SBLW 
MHT&LLWT MINIT BBRLIN , MSPRWT &L MQRI HT&LLWT MINIT RBIM $L ABWT BBNWTIHM . 
LA AXT , KDI LA LSKN AT SIKWII HNI$WAIM $L HBNWT , M&DIPIM HABWT MIN 
AWRALI WANALI . AIN NTWNIM S@@IS@IIM MDWIQIM BNW$A , ABL &WBDIM SWCIALIIM 
IKWLIM LTT H&RKH AMPIRIT . KM&@ 004 ILDWT WN&RWT @WRQIWT BGILAI 31 - 
81 HGI&W MAZ 5891 LMRKZ HXIRWM PAP@IH BBRLIN . GM BIT - HSPR AINNW &WZR . 
HMWRIM " M&LIMIM &IN " , AWMRT MNHLT HMRKZ . GZ&NWT KLPI ZRIM WAI - 
RCWN LHSTKN TWRMIM AT $LHM . LN&RWT @WRQIWT BBTI - SPR GRMNIIM I$ B&IWT 
DI WHWTR , KPI $IKWLH LH&ID MLIH IILMAZ , BT 02 . B$I&WRI HXINWK HMINI 
PNH HMWRH LBIWLWGIH TMID DWWQA ALIH B$ALWT : " ZH HCXIQ AWTW MAWD $TMID 
HSMQTI " . KA$R MNHL BIT - HSPR HTIKWN QLANMCH BMINKN ASR &L MLIH LHWPI& 
BM@PXT RA$ HIA NALCH L&BWR LBIT - SPR TIKWN AXR BNWIHAWZR . $M LA HIW 
LH B&IWT BGLL HM@PXT ABL HITH B&IH B$I&WRI HT&MLWT . MLIH HWPI&H L$I&WRIM 
BM@PXT RA$ WBAIMWNIT RXBH WHITH NW$A LL&G WLHTBDXWT . LM&$H , MKTB $L 
HMRKZ HAISLMI BQLN LHWRIM @WRQIIM ASR &L TLMIDWT @WRQIWT KL H$TTPWT B$I&WRI 
HT&MLWT , WB&IQR B$I&WRI $XIIH . BGIL 71 HWCIA ABIH AT MLIH MBIT - HSPR , 
$KN LA RCH LHSTKN &WD BLIMWDIH BKITH M&WRBT . HIA NI$AH WHIA KBR AM 
LTINWQ BN $NH WXCI . AM IHIW LH BNWT , AMRH , TTN LHN XWP$ . WM@PXT 
HRA$ ? " AX , ALWHIM " , AMRH MLIH , " HN IQRAW B&CMN BQWRAN WIXLI@W 
B&CMN " . B&IQR X$WB $HBNWT ILKW LBIT - SPR GRMNI WILMDW HRBH , AMRH 
HAM . " KL KK HIITI RWCH L&$WT BXINWT BGRWT " . XLWMH HIH LHIWT $WP@T . 
HWRIM @WRQIIM MIIXSIM AMNM X$IBWT GWBRT WHWLKT LH$KLTN $L HBNWT , ABL 
&CMAWTN HGWBRT MPXIDH AWTM . ITR &L KN , BMHLK HLIMWDIM BAWT HBNWT BMG& 
&M BNI HMIN H$NI LLA PIQWX HHWRIM . BMINKN HTX$B MRKZ H&BWDH L&NIINI 
ZRIM BHWRIM . HWQMH SDNT TPIRH WHHWRIM IKLW LHIWWKX BMW &INIHM $BMQWM 
AIN GBRIM . TWK $LW$ $NIM IIHPKW HN&RWT H@WRQIWT HLWMDWT $M LTWPRWT MIWMNWT . 
AZ IWKLW L&ZWB B$&T HCWRK AT BIT HHWRIM , $KN LA IHIW TLWIWT BHM KL - 
KK MBXINH KSPIT . P@MH BT H02 , MTLMDT BSDNH , B&LT XINWK AWRTWDWQSI 
QPDNI WKBR N$WAH , HIA HA$H HRA$WNH BM$PXTH $I$ LH R$IWN NHIGH . LAXR 
HBXINWT HIA RWCH LHRWWIX HRBH KSP KDI $TWKL LHR$WT L&CMH SWP SWP DIRH 
M$LH . RQ AZ IWR$H B&LH , MMRKZ AN@WLIH , LBWA LMINKN . AZLM BT H81 
WMW@LW BT H91 RWCWT GM HN LCAT MHBIT WLBXWR XBRIM B&CMN . " LMH LA , 
B&CM ? " $WALT MW@LW . PIQRIH MGI@WLW MTH KIWWN $$ALH BDIWQ AWTH $ALH 
&CMH . 

* 

CRKNIT XDT - &IN MXIPH , SWZI GIWRA , HBXINH KI &L HARIZH $L PS@H MIWBAT 
MARH"B , " P@WCINI &M TRD WBICIM " , CWIN KI HIA " LLA KWLS@RWL " . 
AIK IITKN $MWCR HMKIL BICIM AIN BW KWLS@RWL ? HCRKNIT PNTH LIBWAN ( 
XBRT " HNC " , $$IIKT LR$T H$WPRSL ) , &L PI MSPR H@LPWN $HWPI& &L 
HARIZH . KAN NMSR LH KI MDWBR B@&WT ANW$ , WKI H&NIIN IIMSR L@IPWL . 
KIWWN $&BRW IMIM AXDIM WH@&WT LA TWQNH , PNTH LR$WT LHGNT HCRKN BHSTDRWT . 
LAXR HT&RBWTW $L IW&C HR$WT L&NIINI MZWN , D"R IWRM MLBSQI , HWDI&H 
HNHLT H$WPRSL KI TXLIP AT KL HTWWIWT H$GWIWT BTWWIWT MTWQNWT . 
MNHL H$IWWQ WSMNK"L H$WPRSL , MRDKI QRIINR , AI$R BTGWBH LPNIITNW 
KI AKN HITH @&WT BTRGWM WKBR N$LXW LKL NQWDWT HMKIRH HTWWIWT XD$WT WBHN 
HWCAW HMLIM " LLA KWLS@RWL " . HCRKNIT GIWRA H&IRH AT AWZNINW LSIMWN 
BMWCR AXR , $LD&TH GM HWA M@&H . MDWBR BGBINH MSWG " GWDH " , HMIWBAT 
AP HIA MARH"B , BMSGRT XWD$ AMRIQH B$WPRSL . &L HARIZH SWMN BANGLIT : 
( XLB KXW$ BXLQW ) WKN ( $WMN ) % 62 . &L ARIZH AXRT SWMN BANGLIT : 
( XLB KXW$ MPWS@R ) LLA CIWN AXWZ H$WMN . B$NI HMQRIM HSIMWN B&BRIT 
HIH : " &$WI MXLB DL $WMN , AXWZ $WMN % 62 " . $WALT HQWRAT : AM HGBINH 
&$WIH MXLB DL $WMN , AIK IITKN $HIA MKILH AXWZ KH GBWH $L $WMN ? MNHL 
$IRWT HMZWN BM$RD HBRIAWT , DNIAL RIIKMN , $BDQ AT HTWWIWT , QB& KI 
BMQRH ZH , HSIMWN N&$H BHTAM LTQN HI$RALI . MTBRR , $BNIGWD LTQN HI$RALI , 
AIN HTQN HAMRIQAI DWR$ LSMN AT AXWZ H$WMN BGBINWT . N$ALT H$ALH , MNIN 
HAXWZ HGBWH $L $WMN AM M$TM$IM BXLB RZH ? RIIKMN MSBIR , KI B&T HIICWR 
MRKZIM AT HXLB W$WABIM MMNW AT H$WMN ( BXLB RZH I$ BDRK KLL % 1 $WMN , 
WAILW BXLB MLA K%3 $WMN ) , WKK MGI&IM LAXWZ HDRW$ . RIIKMN MSKIM , 
KI &L AP $HSIMWN N&$H KXWQ , I$ BW AWLI KDI LH@&WT . MSQNH : CRIK 
L$NWT AT HTQN . 

* 

AXR - HCHRIIM . HM$TTPIM MSIIRIM BATRIM H$WNIM WMGLIM AT MAXWRI HQL&IM 
$L &ICWB HM$@XIM WTKNWN HSBIBH . SMINR AXD MTMQD BCMXIIH $L HMQWM , 
WAXR BXI . HILDIM M$TTPIM BP&ILWT HIWMIT $L &WBDI H&ICWB WHTKNWN WMBLIM 
GM BXDRI HLIMWD $L AWNIBRSI@T DISNI . HSMINR KWLL MS& LAPQW@ W&BWDH M&$IT 
BCIWR AW RI$WM . SMINR MMW$K MQCW&I IWTR HXL H$NH , WN&RK $LW$H IMIM . 
BNWSP LHKRT HSBIBH , ILMDW HM$TTPIM AT SWDWT HNIHWL $L HMQWM , WII$MW 
AT XLQM B$@X . H$TTPWT BSMINR KZH T&LH K586 DWLR ( KWLL XWMRIM ) . 
HWRIM HBAIM LTQWPH MMW$KT IWKLW LNWX MHC&IRIM L$&WT ARWKWT WLBLWT B&$RWT 
ATRI HNWP$ BSBIBH WBBIT HMLWN . 

* 

NIGWD LGI$H HMQWBLT BRIPWI &INIIM , HGWRST KI KL MI $NTGLH ACLW QWCR 
AW RWXQ RAIIH NDWN LHRKIB M$QPIIM LM$K KL IMI XIIW , @W&NT $I@T BII@S , 
$HIA $I@T RIPWI @B&I , KI B&ZRT TRGILIM NKWNIM NITN LTQN LIQWII RAIIH . 
$LWMIT NCX , $MCB RAIITH HIDRDR MGIL 91 WAILK , HTWWD&H L$I@T HRIPWI 
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&L KMH &QRWNWT P$W@IM , K$BBSISH HHNXH $HMCB HNP$I HWA ZH $M$PI& &L 
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LH$PI& LR&H &L MCB H&INIIM W&L KW$R HRAIIH . HIWM RWAH $LWMIT NCX HI@B , 
GM LMRXQIM ARWKIM , LLA M$QPIIM AW &D$WT MG& . HIA GM M@PLT B$I@H ZW 
BHCLXH BAN$IM HSWBLIM MLIQWII RAIIH $WNIM Q@RQ@ , GLAWQWMH W&WD . " LPI 
HGI$H H@B&IT " , MWSIPH NCX , " KW$R HRAIIH HINW TWCAH $L MCB H&INIIM 
WAIN LHPRID BIN H$NIIM , K$M $AI AP$R LHPRID BIN KW$R GWPNI WIKWLT RICH . 
BGI$H HQWNWWNCIWNLIT , L&WMT ZAT , MCB H&INIIM NX$B LCD HBRIAWTI WLIQWII 
RAIIH NX$BIM LCD HTPQWDI WAPILW HQWSM@I " . L&P&WP B&INIIM I$ TPQID MRKZI 
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HRPIH RG&IT QCRH . KA$R M&P&PIM , M$TXRRWT DM&WT $TPQIDN L$@WP WLNQWT 
AT H&INIIM . MAXR $H&INIIM AMWRWT LHIWT BTNW&H MTMDT , SIKT H&IN MAP$RT 
TNW&H RKH WNINWXH . AP$R LH$WWT ZAT L$IMWN CIRI DLT XLWDIM . KA$R I$ 
LIQWI RAIIH , MHPGM HP&W@ BIWTR W&D LMSWBK , NMCA KI H&INIIM AINN &WBDWT 
BHRPIH MSPQT WH&P&WP LWQH BXSR AW LA QIIM BKLL . B&BWDTH &M AN$IM , 
H&P&WP WTNW&WT H&IN MHWWIM AINDIQCIH LMCB H&IN . H@IPWL , AWMRT NCX , 
CRIK LHIWT MWTAM LADM WLAI$IWTW WLA RQ LABXNH HRPWAIT . " @IPWL B$IPWR 
RAIIH DWR$ $ILWB $L HGWP WHNP$ . AM ADM M$IG $IPWR RAIIH RQ &L IDI TRGWL 
MKNI , HWA CRIK LHM$IK AT HTRGILIM KL HZMN KDI L$MWR AT MH $H$IG . &BWDH 
HM$LBT GM ASPQ@IM NP$IIM GWRMT LADM LHXZIR L&CMW AT HAINS@INQ@IM H@B&IIM 
L$IMW$ NKWN B&INIIM , WAZ AIN &WD CWRK BTRGILIM . ANI MLMDT AT HADM 
LHP&IL AT &INIW KPI $&$H B&BR , K$HITH LW RAIIH TQINH " . H$I@H H@B&IT 
L$IPWR HRAIIH KWLLT SDRT TRGILIM HMBWC&IM BAWWIR HPTWX MWL H$M$ , $LH 
TPQID X$WB BHXZRT HAINS@INQ@IM H@B&IIM . " TRGILI H$M$ HM X$WBIM WI&ILIM " , 
AWMRT NCX , " ABL CRIK LHIZHR , KIWWN $X$IPH MRWBH IKWLH LGRWM RPIWN 
WBMQRIM QICWNIIM LHT&R&RWT M&RKT H&CBIM " . 

* 

HMWSQ@RIM " , HLK L&WLMW B$NT 0781 , BGIL $$IM W$MWNH , K$HWA MWTIR 
AXRIW IBWL SPRWTI $KWNS BLA PXWT M003 KRKIM . IDW& , KI LA KL MH $PWRSM 
B$MW AKN KTB BMW IDIW . DIWMA , $HIH SWPR B&L MWNI@IN , HKIR BABHWTW 
&L SPRIM RBIM , KNRAH BTMWRH MTAIMH , LRWWXTM WL$MXTM $L MWCIAIM LAWR 
WQWRAIM KAXD . XLQ MN HSPRIM HLLW KTB LPI R&IWNWTIHM $L AXRIM , XLQ 
&RK W$IPC &L - PI KTBI ID $NMSRW LW , WXLQ , KNRAH , LA RAH M&WLM . 
BTQWPH MSWIMT H&SIQ DIWMA CWWT $LM $L &WZRIM BRA$WTW $L HHIS@WRIWN AWGWS@ 
MIQA . HCWWT HIH MKIN LM&NW NW$AIM W$LD $L &LILH WHWA HIH MWSIP AT H"B$R " 
BSGNWNW HIIXWDI . B&RB SPRWTI , $N&RK BAXD MAWLMWT PARIS B$NWT HXMI$IM 
$L HMAH HQWDMT , DNW HM$TTPIM BHTLHBWT BAXD MSPRIW $L DIWMA W&D MHRH 
HGI&W L@WNIM GBWHIM . ALKSNDR DIWMA HBN , MXBR " HGBRT &M HQMLIWT " , 
I$B BQHL , WBLH@ HWIKWX QRA L&BR ABIW , $HIH &L HBMH : " ZW HICIRH 
HKI GRW&H $LK , PAPA " . HAB LA AIBD AT $LWWT RWXW , $LX ACB& ARWKH 
L&BR BNW , WQRA : " I$ LI RQ ICIRH AXT GRW&H MMNH , WZH ATH " . DIWMA 
HBN HMTIN BSBLNWT &D $IGWW&W GLI HCXWQ $MILAW AT HAWLM . " AP$R LHBIN 
ZAT , PAPA " , HWA QRA BXZRH , " AXRI HKL , AWTI NGZR &LIK L&$WT BKWXWT 
&CMK BLBD " . BSPR " RW&H HZABIM " , MAT ALKSNDR DIWMA HAB , KWRT HSNDLR 
@IBW , ADM $ABIW DAG LH&NIQ LW XINWK " LM&LH MM&MDW " , BRIT &M H$@N , 
HMWPI& BDMWT ZAB $XWR WAIMTNI . H$@N , BHGINWTW HRBH , MBHIR MRA$ , 
KI LA IWKL LH&NIQ L@IBW AT KL H@WB $IXPWC BW , ALA RQ LDAWG LKK $KL 
HR& $IAXL LZWLTW AMNM ITG$M . BTMWRH DWR$ H$@N $&RH AXT M$&RWT RA$W $L 
@IBW &M HTG$MWT HAIXWL HR& HRA$WN , $TIIM &M H$NI , ARB& &M H$LI$I WKN 
HLAH . @IBW ZWNX AT AWMNWT HSNDLRWT WMTQIIM &L HCID $CDIM LM&NW ZABI HI&R 
HKPWPIM KMWBN I$IRWT L$@N . HWA RWK$ L&CMW BGDIM NAIM WNHNH MXBRTN $L 
N$IM IPWT , LM&LH MM&MDW . DIWMA MWBIL AT GIBWRW BM$&WL HCR $BIN " PAWS@ " , 
MCD AXD , W"DWQ@WR GQIL WMIS@R HIID " , MCD $NI . @IBW , $HIH SPQN 
MLKTXILH , MTAHB BRW& WBAP$RWIWT H&CWMWT HGLWMWT BW , WSWPW $HWA MXLIP 
AT H$@N &CMW WLWB$ AT DMWT HZAB HAIMTNI WH$XWR . ZAB ZH XSIN MPNI KDWRIHM 
$L HCIIDIM BKL IMWT H$NH , PR@ L&$RIM WARB& $&WT $BHN HWA BN - TMWTH 
KKL XIH AXRT . DWWQA BIWM ZH PWG&IM BW KDWRIW $L B&L HAXWZH , $HRBH 
LSBWL MM&LLI @IBW . H@WB GWBR &L HR& WAP$R LHM$IK LXIWT . &L DIWMA MSWPR , 
KI HIH MQBL AT $KRW LPI $WRWT W&L KN HRBH L$BC BSPRIW DIALWGIM QCRIM . 
" AMA " . " MH HDBR . " AHH " . " BNI " . AZ $INH HMW"L AT @&MW 
WHXL L$LM LW LPI HBRWT , WMID HWPI&H BSPR DMWT XD$H $L GIBWR MGMGM . 
AXRI $IXH NZ&MT BARB& &INIIM HGI&W DIWMA WHMW"L LHSKM $KR XD$ . @IB 
HHSKM LA NWD& , AK HGIBWR HMGMGM MT MITH M$WNH &WD BAWTW PRQ . BDRK LDWKNIM 
QRH KNRAH M$HW LSPR HZH , $TRGWMW L&BRIT RAH AWR B5591 , $KN HWA AINW 
MWPI& KLL BQ@LWG $L HSPRIIH HLAWMIT BIRW$LIM ( KL MI $HIH LW &SQ BZMN 
ZH AW AXR &M HSPRIIH HLAWMIT , IWD& $I$ $M P&R &CWM BIN HR$WM BQ@LWG 
LBIN HSPRIM $NITN LH$IG BPW&L ; AK HQ@LWG &CMW , LPXWT , AMWR LHIWT 
MW$LM ) WAP LA BLQSIQWN $L AWRIAL AWPQ LSPRWT ILDIM . SPR XWBH LKL $WXR 
SPRWT ZAT . 

* 

BTXWM H&ICWB BARC , WB&LI MP&LIM RBIM MWD&IM LX$IBWT TWSPT HCB& LMP&L 
HMWZNX . IHWDIT RW@NBRG , ARKI@Q@IT BWGRT H@KNIWN BXIPH , HTMXTH BNW$A 
WCB&H MP&LIM KMW " TDIRAN " BRMLH , BTI HZIQWQ BXIPH WBA$DWD , BNIINI 
HT&$IIH HAWWIRIT BLWD , BIT HSPR QRIT I&RIM BRMT - H$RWN W&WD RBIM AXRIM . 
&L CBI&TW $L MP&L @MBWR B&KW QIBLH PRS B$NT 7891 BTXRWT BIN - LAWMIT 
BNW$A " &ICWB BCB& " , HN&RKT B$@W@GAR@ $BGRMNIH MDI $NH . HGI$H LCB& , 
AWMRT RW@NBRG , AINH M&WGNT RQ B@&M @WB . NWSPIM LW $LW$H ASPQ@IM X$WBIM 
PISIWLWGI , $KLI WPSIKWLWGI . HTXWM HPISIWLWGI &WSQ BNIGWDIM BIN CB&IM 
KHIM WBHIRIM . NIGWDIM XDIM MW$KIM AT H&IN WMAMCIM AWTH , AK NITN LTKNN 
M&BRIM $IHIW NWXIM L&IN . GWNIM XMIM , KMW ADWMIM , KTWMIM WXWMIM , 
GWRMIM LTXW$H $L AQ@IWWIWT , L&WMT GWWNIM QRIM , KMW KXWL WIRWQ , 
HGWRMIM LTXW$T MRGW& , LPASIWWIWT . HGWWNIM HKHIM GWRMIM L&CMIM $BQRBTM 
LHIRAWT QRWBIM IWTR , B&WD $GWNIM QRIM MRXIQIM AT H&CMIM . KL HH$P&WT 
HLLW NLQXWT BX$BWN B&T TKNWN HCBI&H . BTKNWN CBI&T XDR AWKL BBIT XRW$T , 
LM$L , MTX$BT RW@NBRG B$IQWLIM ANW$IIM . X$WB LI LD&T AM HPW&LIM BMQWM 
&WBDIM B&BWDH P&ILH AW SBILH . BHTAM ACB& AT XDR HAWKL BCB&IM MRGI&IM 
AW BCB&IM $I&WRRW AT H&WBDIM HKM&@ RDWMIM M$MWNH $&WT &BWDH &L AWTW PS 
IICWR " , HIA AWMRT . HTXWM H$NI HWA HTXWM H$KLI . HCB&WNIWT PW&LT &L 
HMWX WM$DRT MSRIM . CB& ADWM , LDWGMH , M$DR SKNH , CNRT ADWMH MSMLT 
CNRT KIBWI A$ WCNRT KXWLH MSMLT CNRT MIM . RW@NBRG M$TDLT LHPRID B&ZRT 
HCB&IM BIN HPWNQCIWT H$WNWT . $IMW$ NWSP BCB&IM HWA BHN&T AN$IM LP&ILWT 
MSWIMT . BBIT HXWLIM RW@$ILD BXIPH CB&H RW@NBRG MSDRWN ARWK , HMQ$R 
BIN $NI XLQI BIT HXWLIM , BGWNIM $L KTWM MCHWB XMNIIH W&D KTWM &Z . 
" HM&BRIM HHDRGTIIM MBHIR LKHH GWRMIM LTXW$T HTQDMWT BMSDRWN HARWK . 
MLBD ZAT , HCB&IM HXMIM NWSKIM HRG$H N&IMH , BNIGWD LHRG$T HNIKWR 
HAWPPT AT RWBNW BKNISH LBTI XWLIM " . GM HTXWM HPSIKWLWGI MKWWN AT RW@NBRG 
BBWAH LMP&L XD$ . HIA MBRRT MHW HXTK HXBRTI WHTRBWTI $L H&WBDIM , MHW 
SWG H&BWDH , ALW CB&IM M&DIPIM MNHLI HXBRH W&WD . TXWM ZH BA LIDI BI@WI 
B&IQR BCBI&T ATRIM I$NIM , $ZWKIM LKBWD MIWXD WX$WB L$MR BHM AT H&BR 
WLHBLI@ AT H&TID . BBIT BMDRXWB NXLT BNIMIN , LM$L , $MRH RW@NBRG 
&L GWNI HCHWB $L H&BR WM&QWT HBRZL WHTRISIM NCB&W BGWNI KXWL - SGWL . 
BTHLIK H&BWDH MQBLT RW@NBRG TCLWMI - AWWIR $L HMBNH , MSIIRT BTXWMIW 
WMQBLT HSBRIM &L HPWNQCIWT H$WNWT . AXRI $LB HTKNWN WAI$WR HTWKNIWT LBICW& 
BIDI KL HGWRMIM , MTXILH &BWDT HCBI&H . RW@NBRG MPQXT &L H&BWDH WMQPIDH 
LHIWT NWKXT BZMN &RBWB HCB&IM WHGWNIM H$WNIM . " KIWM HWKX " , MWSIPH 
RW@NBRG , " KI BMP&L $NCB& WXZWTW $WPRH &LTH RMT HMW@IWWACIH $L H&WBDIM , 
WBHTAM LKK &LW GM TPWQTW WRWWXIWTW " . XLWMH HWA LKSWT BCB&IM AT AZWRI 
HT&$IIH B&RIM H$WNWT , WLCBW& AT RXWB ALNBI BTL - ABIB BGWNIM M$TNIM , 
$IWLIKW AT H&WBRIM W$BIM AL HIM HNPTX AL HRXWB . 

* 

AXRWNH NPTX B$MWRT H@B& NAWT QDWMIM , H$WKNT LID XWR$WT BN - $MN , MSLWL 
@IWLIM XD$ . ZHW ATR HMQ$R BIN TWLDWT H&M LBIN HNWPIM $BHM XI LDWRWTIW , 
KPI $BAW LIDI BI@WI BTN"K , BM$NH WBTLMWD . AT NAWT QDWMIM IISD B$NWT 
H$B&IM NGH HRAWBNI , BNM $L D"R APRIM WXNH HRAWBNI , A$R XQRW B$NWT 
H&$RIM $L HMAH HNWKXIT AT CMXIIT HARC WAT ZIQTH AL HCMXIM HMTWARIM BMQWRWT . 
D"R APRIM WXNH HRAWBNI HQIMW AT HMWZIAWN LCMXI HTN"K WHSPRWT HTLMWDIT 
BAWNIBRSI@H H&BRIT , WHGW AT R&IWN GN HNBIAIM WRZ"L . &L BSIS ZH NWSDH 
H$MWRH NAWT QDWMIM , $BH PW&L CWWT $L MDRIKIM W&WBDIM , H$WQD &L PITWX 
HATR W&L HHWRAH BMDR$H $BTXWMW . HMSLWL HXD$ , $AWRKW ARB&H Q"M , MLWWH 
BXWBRWT HDRKH , &RWKWT LPI NW$AIM NBXRIM . HM@IILIM &WBRIM MTXNH LTXNH , 
WBKL AXT MHN MWCAIM CMXIM HMAPIINIM NWHG XQLAI , MSWRT AW AIRW& BTWLDWT 
H&M . &L GBI $L@ &C HMWCB BKL TXNH MWBA HHSBR TWK $ILWB HPSWQ MHMQWRWT . 
KK MWCG BPNI HM@IILIM HQ$R BIN NWP HARC , HCWMX WHXI LBIN XII HIWM - 
IWM B&BR . MSLWL B , LM$L , MWLIK MHGWRN DRK KRM $L &CI ZIT W$QD , 
&WBR LID BIT BD &TIQ WMGI& AL GB&T HMNWRH . &CI H$QD MSMLIM AT $QIDTW 
$L AI$ HADMH , HMTPLL LHCLXT IBWLW BTQWPT SPIRT H&WMR , WMHZITIM HWPQ 
$MN LMNWRT HMQD$ . HMSLWLIM H$WNIM &WBRIM B&$R &D 51 TXNWT KL AXD . KL 
TXNH M$M$T KXWLIH MQ$RT BIN NW$A LNW$A . KK &WBRIM BMSLWL A MTQWPT SPRWT 
HXWKMH WHM$LIM , $BH $TWLIM ARZI LBNWN WLRGLIHM $IXI AZWB ( Z&TR ) , 
PWG$IM B$IXI RWTM HMWZKRIM BM$LIM WBMDR$IM WMKIRIM AT MLK H&CIM MM$L 
IWTM . HMSLWL MSTIIM BGNT $IR H$IRIM . I$ CMXIM $XWZRIM P&MIM AXDWT 
L$M HDGMT NW$AIM $WNIM . B&WD $BMSLWL G CW&DIM M$B&T HMINIM AL ARB&T 
HMINIM , WLID BRIKT H&RBWT MBXINIM BIN CPCPH L&RBH , BMSLWL D &CIM ALH 
HM MMRKIBI GAWN HIRDN , $AWTW &BRW BNI I$RAL . AT HHDS RWAIM BSBK H&WLH 
MBRIKT H&RBWT AL M&LH ARB&T HMINIM , AK MQWMW LA NPQD GM MM&LH HB$MIM , 
$M HWA GDL LCD &CI HKWPR ( XINH ) WHMWR . MI $HTR$M MR&NNWTW $L HHDS , 
KDAI LW LZKWR MRAH ZH GM B$NTW , KKTWB : " HRWAH HDS BXLWM , NKSIW 
MCLIXIN LW , WAM AIN LW NKSIM IRW$H NWPLT LW MMQWM AXR " . BKL &WNH MTQIIM 
AIRW& MRKZI BAXD HMSLWLIM . BABIB XIIBIM LHQDIM LPRIXT H$QD , AXR KK 
LHRIX AT HDWDAIM , WBWWDAI LRAWT " AM PRXH HGPN , PTX HSMDR , HNCW 
HRIMWNIM " . B&WNH ZW MSIQ HZITIM B&ICWMW , WB$NI BTI HBD NITN LRAWT 
AT H$I@WT H$WNWT MN H&BR LHPQT $MN . HM@IILIM &WBRIM BIN HMSLWLIM BSIW&N 
$L XWBRWT HHDRKH . KL MSLWL MSWMN B$ILW@ BCB& $WNH . BTXNWT NMCAIM BRZI 
MIM WMTQNI $IRWTIM . MXIR KNISH LATR WLXWBRT HHDRKH HWA 8 $"X LMBWGR , 
4 $"X LILD . M$K HHLIKH BMSLWLIM H$WNIM HWA $&TIIM - ARB& $&WT . HMQWM 
SGWR B$BTWT WBXGIM . BIMI XWL PTWX HATR B$&WT 00 . 954 . 51 ( BIMI W 
WB&RBI XG &D 00 . 31 ) . RCWI LHTXIL AT HSIWR LPXWT $&TIIM LPNI SGIRT 
H$&RIM . L$M QBLT PR@IM BDBR HZMNT SIWRIM MWDRKIM WMID& NWSP AP$R LPNWT 
B@LPWN 04833280 , AW LT . D . 7001 LWD 10117 . 

* 

H$R $RWN IWKL M&TH LXTWM &L XWZI BNIIH BLI MKRZ . H$R $IKN& AT XBRIW 
LMM$LH LHSKIM LR&IWN , K$@&N $"BMCBIM XD$IM CRIK LXRWG MPTRWNWT WNHLIM 
$GRTIIM " , AW , BMLIM AXRWT , HM@RH MQD$T AT HAMC&IM . $RWN $IKN& AWLI 
AT XBRIW BMM$LH , AK LA AWTI . MAZ H28 . 6 . 6 SIGLTI L&CMI MNHG QBW& . 
BKL P&M $$RWN @W&N $CRIK SDR XD$ , ANI M&MIDH KNGD @&NTW $$ MAWT SIMNI 
$ALH . IRW$LIMLKWLM HITH RWCH MM$LTNW LSPQ PTRWNWT DIWR HWLMIM : LMILIWN 
&WLIM XD$IM , LZWGWT C&IRIM , LIWCAI CH"L , LXSRI DIWR W&WD ZAT GM 
K$MDWBR BGIWS M$ABIM &CWMIM BARC WBXW"L . MNGD , AIN HMM$LH NWQPT ACB& 
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&L - PI ABXNH RPWAIT . ZAT AP $NRAH KI AT HTQCIB LPTRWN B&IH ZW NITN 
LH$IG . HWTRTM $L ILDIM MWKI GWRL BBTI XWLIM LXWLI NP$ AINH NWPLT BXWMRTH 
MHPNIITM , LM$L , $L &WLIM XD$IM LBTI KLA &D $IIMCA LHM SIDWR HWLM . 
MM$LT I$RAL AINH NZQQT LMAMC MIWXD &L MNT LH$KIX ILDIM ALH , WLH$AIRM 
BMWSDWT PSIKIA@RIIM . QWLM $L HILDIM HLLW AINNW N$M& . AIN LHM IXSI 
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HLAWMI $LNW , HRI ILDIM ALH HM &NII &IRNW HAMITIIM . XWBT HMM$LH LSLQ 
LALTR AT XRPTM WLBNWT &BWRM MWSDWT MTAIMIM . IRW$LIM : KMI $HTLWWH 
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AT HX$IBWT H&CWMH $L SIWRIM ALH . H&WLIM CMAIM LGLWT AT ZHWTM $NRMSH TXT 
H$L@WN HQWMWNIS@I . BTWM IWM $L SIWRIM , QM ACLM LTXIIH HRG$ HP@RIW@I 
HIHWDI - I$RALI . ANI XIIB LHWDWT , $HLH@ HCIWNI $AXZ BHM HQRIN GM &LI , 
HCBR MLIDH , WMILA LI AT HMCBRIM LTQWPH ARWKH . I$ LHRBWT BSIWRIM ALH 
HTWRMIM RBWT LHIQL@WT @WBH BARC . KPR SBABHM$K LMAMRW $L &W"D XIIM BRNZWN 
" $WWIWN ZKWT PRI$H " ( " HARC " 09 . 11 . 5 ) A$MX LMSWR MID& HNWG& 
L&WRKI HDIN WLARGWNIM A$R SII&W LI BMABQ HM$P@I HMIIG& . I$ LCIIN $HMIMWN 
HKWLL $HIH AMWR LKSWT AT KL $LBI H&RKAWT , KWLL PNIIH AP$RIT LBG"C , 
BA M"QWL QWRA " , $HWA , LM&$H , HZRW& HI$RALIT $L ARGWN AXR B$M " QWALICIH 
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TRWMWT MQRNWT BARH"B KMW : " A$H LA$H " , QRN PIINSWD HRC , WTRWMTI 
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HAXRWNH M$DWLT HN$IM BI$RAL . B&R&WRI LBIT HDIN HARCI L&BWDH B$NT 6891 
IICGH AWTI &W"D MIKL $QD . BPNIITI LBG"C , HAGWDH LZKWIWT HAZRX HC@RPH 
L$DWLT HN$IM BI$RAL , WIWCGTI &L IDI &W"D ABIGDWR PLDMN M@&MH $L HAGWDH 
LZKWIWT HAZRX , IXD &M &W"D PRNSIS RDAI M$DWLT HN$IM BI$RAL . BKWXWT 
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HXLI@ LXD$ AT HQW HIRWQ WLSGWR AT H$@XIM . $R HXWC HTXIIB LXLQ AT IRW$LIM 
LGBWLWT 76 . 6 . 5 W$R HM$@RH NAXZ BHWRAWT HPTIXH BA$ HI$NWT WH@WBWT , 
KBQ$ AXRWN BPNI MTQPH $L M&$I LINC , BHM TABD HM$@RH AT $ARIT AXIZTH 
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LQBL HXL@WT . HLIKWD , HTXIH , CWMT WMWLDT XW$$IM L$BT &M GAWWTM HIHWDIT 
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KI BMW"M CRIK L&MWD &L $LK , CRIK LHCIG &MDWT M$KN&WT WRCINIWT , WCRIK 
GM LD&T LHTP$R . HIMIN XW$$ L$BT MWL PIISL XWSIINI WLHGID LW ADWNI RWCH 
AT IPW ? LA . XIPH ? LA . $KM ? AWLI . PWXD LWMR L&RPAT ADWNI 
RWCH $LWM ? BBQ$H NA LHPSIQ AT H@RWR $L GIBRIL ABW - NIDAL WKW . HLIKWD 
PWXD LWMR L&M BI$RAL : N$B AITM , NTWWKX , N&MWD &L $LNW WNT&Q$ LH$IG 
AT HMQSIMWM WGM LHBIA $LWM . I$ LLIKWD AWMC LHT&MT &M ARH"B WHAW"M , 
WB&IQR I$ LW AWMC LCAT L&WD MLXMH RQ LA LDBR . KI MH HPXD HGDWL MMLXMH : 
MNI& TMID I$ , HCDQH LA Q$H LMCWA WHMLXMH GM MWN&T AT HHIDBRWT WXWSKT 
AT HCWRK LHTP$R . LW RQ HIH HIMIN SWMK QCT &L H$MAL $I&ZWR LW LH$TXRR 
MHPXD , HIINW KWLNW N$KRIM . TL - ABIB : X"K IWSI $RID HWDI& LAXRWNH 
KI @&H KA$R HTNGD LHPCCT HKWR HA@WMI B&IRAQ . LIWSI $RID MWTR L@&WT . 
LMZLNW , AINNW CRIKIM L$LM AT MXIR @&WTW . MNXM BGIN QIBL HXL@H $WNH , 
WAWLI BZKWTH IWSI $RID XI WIKWL LHKIR B@&WTW . 

* 

( & ) . BIT HM$P@ HMXWZI BTL - ABIB HBI& HTX$BWT B"B&IITIWT WHSIBWKIM 
BM&RKT HRG$IT WHNP$IT " $L &WLH XD$ MATIWPIH &QB &LIITW LI$RAL , WLA 
HXMIR B&WN$W . HNA$M , $LWM MQWNN BN 05 , MHWD - H$RWN HWR$& BHNXTT 
GRZN BRA$W WBGBW $L XIIM BL@H MBT - IM , KA$R RAH AWTW MTRW&& &M A$TW , 
GM HIA IWCAT ATIWPIH . MQWNN HWR$& B&BIRH $H&WN$ HMIRBI &LIH HWA 41 $NWT 
MASR . BBIT HM$P@ HTBRR , KI HNA$M &BR Q$II - QLI@H RBIM LAXR $A$TW 
HRA$WNH NP@RH BDRKM LARC W&WL PRNST $MWNT ILDIW WXINWKM HW@L &L $KMW . 
HNA$M HTQ$R BARC &M &WLH MATIWPIH , GRW$H WAM L$NI ILDIM . AWLM B$L 
HMCB HMIWXD $NTWNH BW H&DH HATIWPIT LA IKWL HIH L$ATH KDT M$H WI$RAL . 
&M ZAT N$A AWTH B@QS QCR BNWKXWT &DIM . H$WP@T $W$NH BRMN CIINH BGZR 
HDIN , KI HRG$WT HAMBIWWLN@IIM $HNA$M NTWN BHM HTIIXSWTW LAWTH A$H KAL 
A$TW HXWQIT , WMNGD AI HHKRH HR$MIT BH KA$TW GRMW LW LBLBWL MSWIM . 
H$WP@T HXLI@H LHTX$B BNSIBWT ALH WLH@IL &LIW &WN$ $L $NH WXCI MASR BPW&L 
W$LW$ $NIM &L - TNAI . 

* 

NA BDRWM M&RB HMGP HAI@LQI NBNTH &WD BMAH H$MINIT LPNI HSPIRH WHITH AXR 
KK MW$BH IWWNIT PWRXT . KIWM HIA &IR - $DH RDWMH BLB ARC HP$& HMAWRGN . 
BQRBT MQWM IIBNH BQCB MWAC $DH - T&WPH - CBAI LM@WSI AP - 61 $L NA@"W , 
LAXR $SPRD HXLI@H $LA LXD$ AT HSKM BSIS HM@WSIM HALH $HIH &L ADMTH . 
ZH XWD$IM AXDIM $ARGWNI HP$& HMQWMIIM MTKWNNIM LMABQ HAXRWN &L HMKRZIM 
HAMRIQAIM . MAZ RA$IT H$NH NRCXW B&IIRH 92 AI$ BMABQ BIN QBWCWT HP$& 
H$WNWT . HMAPIH TBWA LBSIS BAC@LH $L RA$ H&IR AW $L MWMXIM WPQIDIM BKIRIM , 
$KN HP$& HMAWRGN HWLK WKWB$ AT DRWMH $L AI@LIH . BSIS NA@"W IC@RK LHGI& 
LHSKM KL$HW &M HQBWCH $TNCX , KDI LAP$R AT HBNIIH HMWACT WAT HP&LTW HSDIRH 
$L HBSIS . HBRIRH THIH MABQ IWM - IWMI &M HP$& W&M B&IWT $L ASPQH WTPQWD . 
BMXWZ LWQRI $BQLABRIH NRCX ADM KL ARB&H IMIM AP $HAWKLWSIIH DLILH . $M 
MXZIQIM HPW$&IM AT HX@WPIM , RWBM MHCPWN , LM@RWT SXI@T - KSPIM . BQLABRIH 
NRCX BMMWC& AI$ AXD BKL IWM , WHMMWC& LDRWM KWLW GBWH PI KMH . HP$& HMAWRGN 
AINW NTWN BIDI QBWCH AXT . QBWCWT RBWT NABQWT BINIHN &L H$LI@H BSXR HSMIM 
WHN$Q W&L HMKRZIM HCIBWRIIM HGDWLIM , $MZRIMIM LAZWR ALPI MILIARDIM $L 
LIR@WT MQWPT HMDINH WMH$WQ HM&RB AIRWPI . BIN HNRCXIM LA RQ AN$I HP$& 
ALA RBIM MALH H&WMDIM BDRKW . B22 BSP@MBR NRCXW BAGRIGAN@W $BSICILIH 
$WP@ C&IR IXD &M BNW . IMIM SPWRIM QWDM LKN NRCX BBIT QPH LID NAPWLI 
N&R BN 12 , $&BD MAXWRI HDLPQ . HWA RAH AT PNIHM $L RWCXIM $XISLW BBIT 
HQPH KMH MIRIBIHM . HN&R XWSL BIDI N&R AXR BN 61 HQ$WR BMAPIH . MWL 
HP$& HZH &WMD MM$L , $XLQ MMNHIGIW NHNH I$IRWT AW B&QIPIN MHMCB HZH . 
GM HXWQ HPLILI HXD$ , $AW$R AXRI $NWT MABQ PWLI@I , MSII& B&QIPIN LP$& 
. HXWQ HMGN &L HAZRX MGN LM&$H &L HPW$&IM $L HDRWM . RBIM MHM XWZRIM 
HBITH BTWM TQWPT M&CR - LPNI - M$P@ , MPNI $BTI HM$P@ &MWSIM WHHLIKIM 
AI@IIM ; AXRIM MRCIM TQWPT - MASR MQWCRT &L HTNHGWT @WBH ; WI$ $AINM 
XWZRIM MHXWP$H BKLA , $M&NIQ LHM HXWQ HXD$ . MH $@WB BMRKZ HARC , 
AW BCPWNH , R& BDRWM . AI@LIH " HAXRT " , $LXCH BM$K $NIM L$INWI SPR 
HXWQIM HPLILI , MWR$T HM$@R HPA$IS@I , &DH L$IMW$ R& BISWDWT MDINT XWQ . 
M$BR BTI HM$P@ BDRWM HGI& LIDI KK $BMXWZ QLABRIH BLBD N&RMW 21 ALP TIQIM 
HMMTINIM LM$P@ . LPIKK , HXLI@H HMM$LH B22 BSP@MBR LHGDIL BTWK ZMN QCR 
AT MSPR H$WP@IM W&WBDI BTI HM$P@ BDRWM BAWPN $RIRWTI . $WP@ II$LX LAZWRIM 
" HXMIM " LTQWPH $L $NH &D ARB& $NIM , GM BNIGWD LRCWNW . GM KWXWT 
HM$@RH ITWGBRW . HMM$LH SIRBH LQBL AT HC&TW $L $R HM$P@IM LH&NIQ PRS MIWXD 
L$WP@IM H&WBDIM BDRWM , B@&NH $HDBR IGRWR AXRIW PRSIM LM$@RH HAZRXIT 
WHCBAIT WLPQIDI MM$LH RBIM AXRIM BAZWRI SKNH . B61 BSP@MBR NRCX SML M$@RH 
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HDPNH $$LX N$IA HMDINH , $KN HMRIRWT NGD AWZLT - IDH $L RWMA GWBRT . 
$R HAWCR , HMTMWDD &M GIR&WN TQCIBI GDWL , MSRB LHGDIL AT TQCIBI M$RD 
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MCD TNW&WT LAW@WNWMIH MQWMIT BCPWN , $ZKW BHCLXH MR$IMH BBXIRWT HMQWMIWT 
BMAI H$NH . TNW&WT ALH DWGLWT BXLWQTH $L AI@LIH L$LW$H AZWRIM AW@WNWMIIM 
( CPWN , MRKZ WDRWM ) WBHQMTH $L M&IN QWNPDRCIH BMQWM HARGWN HMMLKTI 
HNWKXI . BDRK ZW ISWPQW RBIM MAN$I HMXWZWT HBRIAIM IXSIT , WKN AN$I 
HP$& $IQIMW BDRWM M&IN MDINH M$LHM . AWMNM TWKNIT ZW RXWQH MHMCIAWT HPWLI@IT 
WHKLKLIT $L AI@LIH , ABL HIA M&IDH &L HLK HRWX . RWMA HPWLI@IT MWDAGT 
MAWD MHTPTXWIWT ALH , AP $XLQ MMNHIGIH Q$WR BDRK ZW AW AXRT BP$& HMAWRGN . 
W&DH PRLMN@RIT &WQBT BAXRWNH AXRI ALPI MILIARDIM $L LIR@WT , $HWZRMW 
LDRWM AXRI R&$ HADMH $L NWBMBR 0891 , $BW KPRIM NHRSW KLIL , NHRGW 001 , 
3 WNR$MW 000 , 002 XSRI - GG . KSPIM HWZRMW LA RQ MRWMA WMBRISL , ALA 
GM I$IRWT MMDINWT AIRWPH WMARH"B . RQ KPRIM SPWRIM HQIMW AT HRISWTIHM 
WBNW T$TIT KLKLIT LPI HTWKNIWT . BRWB HMQWMWT @RM PWNW KL HHRISWT , 
W&$RWT ALPI AN$IM GRIM &DIIN BCRIPWNIM . L&WMT ZAT , HWQMW KBR AIC@DIWN 
WKN KMH KBI$I GI$H . B&IIRH LABIANW , LM$L , HWQCBW BMMWC& K036 DWLR 
LNP$ . MI $XWL$ &L HKSPIM HWA RA$ H&IR HQ$WR BARGWNI HP$& . XLQ X$WB 
MHTQCIBIM $AW$RW BZMNW MWPQDIM BBNQIM HMQWRBIM LRA$ HMM$LH L$&BR , HDMW - 
NWCRI DA MI@H , BN HAZWR . DI LX$B AT HRIBIT &L HSKWMIM KDI LHBIN AT 
MMDI @WBT HHNAH MAI@IWT BICW& HTWKNIWT . I$ LHNIX $HKSPIM HALH SII&W 
LAN$I DA MI@H LASWP BAZWRI HDRWM MAWT ALPI TWMKIM L&RIKT M$AL - &M L$INWI 
$I@T HBXIRWT M$I@H PRWPWRCIWNLIT @HWRH L$I@T XSIMH , $T&NIQ LMPLGT HRWB 
HDMW - NWCRIT WLMPLGT HAWPWZICIH HGDWLH $L HQWMWNIS@IM ITRWN RB BPRLMN@ . 
DA MI@H , $MWNH $NIM MZKIR MPLGTW WP&MIIM RA$ MM$LH , HPSID BMRWCT H$NTIIM 
HAXRWNWT AT $NI HTPQIDIM HALH . AM INCX BM$AL - H&M &L $I@T HBXIRWT , 
LA ZW BLBD $H$P&TW TGDL WIDIDIW BMPLGH HQWMWNIS@IT IIHNW MH$INWI , ALA 
$HWA ICLIX LHXLI$ BMIDH NIKRT AT IRIBW HGDWL , QRAQSI , MZKIR HMPLGH 
HSWCIALIS@IT , H$LI$IT BGWDLH BAI@LIH , $H$P&TH HIA M&L WM&BR LKWXH 
BPRLMN@ . &L - PI HXL@WT HMM$LH II$LXW BHQDM $WP@IM W&WBDI M$RD HM$P@IM 
LDRWM , KDI LAII$ AT HMQWMWT HDRW$IM . MSPR H$W@RIM IGDL WIITKN $$R 
HAWCR ISKIM LHGDIL AT TQCIB M$RD HM$P@IM . LMRWT ZAT , H$ALH H&IQRIT 
HIA BAIZW MIDH WMTI TTGIIS RWMA HPWLI@IT LMLXMH BHIQP MLA BP$& HMAWRGN . 
BIWM $BW HWXL@ &L TGBWRT LBTI HM$P@ WLM$@RT HDRWM , NRCX $WP@ B&IR HIPHPIH 
AGRIGAN@W $BSICILIH , TZKWRT NWSPT LMRXQ BIN RWMA LDRWM . $IQAGW $L 
$NWT H$LW$IM , AMRW WXZRW WAMRW QCINI M$@RH BKIRIM , KAIN WKAPS L&WMT 
DRWM AI@LIH $L HIWM . WDWWQA BARC ZW IWQM BSIS M@WSI AP - 61 $L NA@"W . 


* 

WA$ING@WN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . HIS@WRIWNIM AMRIQAIM H&WRKIM AT AWSP 
KTBIW $L HMNHIG H$XWR HMNWX D"R MAR@IN LWTR QING , MCAW DPWS $I@TI $L 
GNBWT SPRWTIWT B&BWDWT HAQDMIWT $LW , WBMIWXD B&BWDT HDWQ@WRA@ $LW . 
RA$ HPRWIQ@ H&WSQ B&RIKT KTBI QING , PRWP QLIBWRN QARSWN MAWNIBRSI@T 
HARWWARD BBWS@WN , $NBXR BMIWXD LNIHWL HPRWIQ@ BIDI ALMNTW $L QING , 
HWDH $L$WM BMBWKH RBH KI AKN MCA DPWS KZH $L PLAGIA@ BKTBIW $L HMNHIG 
H$XWR HN&RC , B&T $HIH S@WDN@ LTAWLWGIH . AWNIBRSI@T BWS@WN , $H&NIQH 
LQING AT TWAR HDWQ@WR $LW B$NT 5591 , HWDI&H $L$WM KI HIA PTXH BXQIRH 
LBDIQT HX$DWT . &M ZAT , Q$H L$&R $HAWNIBRSI@H TXLI@ LB@L AT HTWAR $L 
QING , M$WM $QING WHMNXH $LW B&BWDT HDWQ@WRA@ AINM &WD BXIIM . MAR@IN 
LWTR QING , KWHN DT $HNHIG AT HTNW&H L$WWIWN ZKWIWT $L $XWRIM BARH"B 
B$NWT H05 WH06 , NRCX B$NT 8691 BIDI MTNQ$ . HGILWI HMBIK , $HTPRSM 
LRA$WNH B&ITWN " WWL S@RI@ GWRNAL " $L$WM , BA B&T $SPWR@AIM $XWRIM 
MAIIMIM LHXRIM M$XQIM HMTQIIMIM BMDINT ARIZWNH , LAXR $HBWXRIM BMDINH 
ZW DXW HC&T XWQ LHKLLT IWM HWLDTW $L QING BMSGRT MW&DI HAZKWR HR$MIIM 
$LH . HHC&H &MDH LM$AL &M BBXIRWT LBTI HNBXRIM HPDRALIIM WHMDINTIIM B$BW& 
$&BR . SPWR@AIM $XWRIM , $HTR&MW &L DXIIT HC&T HXWQ , AMRW KI ISRBW 
LH$TTP BM$XQ HGMR HIWQRTI $L LIGT H"PW@BWL " HAMRIQAIT ( H"SWPR - BWL " ) 
, HAMWR LHTQIIM H$NH BARIZWNH , WKN BM$XQI SPWR@ AXRIM BTXWMI HMDINH . 
HXRM &$WI LGRWM HPSDIM KSPIIM Q$IM LMDINT ARIZWNH . QPIDBINHXWQRIM $H$WW 
AT KTBIW $L D"R MAR@IN LWTR QING &M KTBIM $L MD&NIM AXRIM , MCAW KI QING 
H$TM$ BQ@&IM NRXBIM MKTBI AXRIM L&TIM MM$ BAWPN MILWLI WLA IIXS AWTM 
LB&LIHM . HXWQRIM SIRBW LWMR MH $I&WR HGNBWT HSPRWTIWT BKTBI QING , 
WHSTPQW BQBI&H KI I$ BIDM DI RAIWT LKAWRH , $QING HPR &QRWNWT $L ATIQH 
WHGINWT AQDMIT . &BWDT HDWQ@WRA@ $L QING HITH H$WWAH BIN TPIST HAL BM$NTM 
$L $NI HWGI D&WT NWCRIIM . H"WWL S@RI@ GWRNAL " MSR BKTBTW $L$WM , 
KI BXIBWR $L QING NMCA DPWS XWZR $L $IMW$ BR&IWNWT WBNISWXIM ZHIM $L S@WDN@ 
AXR , GAQ BWZR , $KTB &L NW$A DWMH , BHNXIITW $L HPRWPSWR $HNXH AT 
QING B&BWDTW , ZMN QCR LPNI KTIBT HDWQ@WRA@ $L QING . H&ITWN MSR KI QING 
AMNM HZKIR AT XIBWRW $L BWZR BR$IMH HBIBLIWGRAPIT $LW , AK IIXS LW CI@W@IM 
RQ P&MIIM BH&RWT H$WLIIM $LW , AP $H$TM$ BHRXBH RBH BXWMR NWSP MN H&BWDH 
$L BWZR . $NI HKRKIM HRA$WNIM $L AWSP KTBI QING ( MTWK 41 KRKIM MTWKNNIM ) 
ITPRSMW BQRWB MAWD . H"GWRNAL " MSR BIDI&H $LW $L$WM , KI XWQR BTXWM 
HR@WRIQH MAWNIBRSI@T ARIZWNH MTKWWN LPRSM BQRWB SPR , HMGLH KI XLQ GDWL 
MKTBIW $L QING HW$ALW MMXBRIM AXRIM . B$NH $&BRH PWRSM SPR AW@WBIWGRAPI 
$L KWHN DT AXR , RALP ABRNATI , $GILH KI MAR@IN LWTR QING QIIM IXSI 
MIN MXWC LNI$WAIN , &RB HHTNQ$WT BXIIW . 

* 

MN HKTBH &WLH KI QIIM LKAWRH Q$R BIN MWCRI XBRT " LNQWM " LBIN XBRT 
" GMII " . HIBWAN CW@@ BAWMRW KI " AKN MDWBR BAWTW MP&L WAPILW BMWCRIM 
ZHIM " . BRCWNI LHBHIR XD M$M&IT , $BMP&L $L LNQWM , A$R NMCA BQWDRI 
BCPWN CRPT , LA MIWCRIM MWCRI GMII . HNWSXAWT $L MWCRI LNQWM BL&DIWT 
WMWGNWT WAINN ZHWT LALH $L GMII . HID& $LI MBWSS LA RQ &L $IXWT RBWT 
&M AN$I LNQWM , ALA GM &L BIQWRIM $&RKTI BMP&L , WBXINT HNW$A $M . NKWN 
HDBR , $XBRT LNQWM WXBRT GMII $TIHN BB&LWT QWNCRN LWRIAL , $HWA HQWNCRN 
HGDWL B&WLM BTXWM HQWSM@IQH . AK BKK MSTIIM HQ$R $BIN $TI HXBRWT . 
LNQWM WGMII $IIKWT LX@IBWT $WNWT WPW&LWT BAWPN NPRD . HWPT&TI LQRWA $&L 
GBI MWCRI LNQWM MWPI& KTWBT HICRN RXWB RWIAL 41 , PRIS . BDQNW MWCRIM 
MSPR $L XBRT LNQWM WMCANW $&L GBI HARIZH MWPI& BDRK KLL HSIMWN BLBD , 
LLA KTWBT . &L DPI HHSBR HMCWRPIM LMWCRIM MWPI&H HKTWBT HIDW&H $L LNQWM 
MNHL $IWWQ , PI . SI . PRS@IGQWSM@IQS B&"ML&TIM QRWBWT ANW &DIM 
LTWP&WT $LILIWT BTXWM HCRKNWT , ABL I$ GM TWP&WT XIWBIWT , W&L $TIIM 
KALH BRCWNI LSPR . LPNI ZMN MH &RKTI QNIIH GDWLH BHIPRKL BGB&T $AWL BIRW$LIM . 
BIN HITR QNITI GM XCI Q"G $QDIM WAGWZI LWZ BQLIPH . BBIT RAITI $HM MQWLQLIM . 
HIWT $HTKWWNTI LTT AT HPIRWT BMTNH , HTQ$RTI B&RB AL MNHL HXNWT W$ALTI 
AM IWKL L$LWX LI BIWM $$I $QDIM WAGWZI LWZ @RIIM ( AIN LI MKWNIT WHXNWT 
RXWQH MBITI ) . BIWM $$I BCHRIIM BA $LIX MIWXD MHXNWT WHBIA ARB& ARIZWT , 
$BKL AXT MHN RB& Q"G PICWXIM , $QDIM , AGWZIM WKW , QLWPIM WMCWINIM . 
HC&TI L$LM AT HPR$ HMXIRIM , AK NCIG HHIPRKL SIRB . $MW $L MNHL HXNWT 
HWA DWD . BAXRWNH QIBLTI KMWT GDWLH $L TRWPWT MTWCRT XBRT @B& BKPR SBA . 
HTRWPWT NRAW LI $WNWT MHRGIL . @ILPNTI LRWQX HAXRAI , MR LIZR QSL . 
K&BWR IWMIIM , HWA @ILPN ALI , LIRW$LIM , HWDI& LI $BDQ AT KL QW HIICWR 
WMCA KI AIN TQLH BTRWPH &CMH , ALA $HIA IB$H MHRGIL WMTPWRRT IWTR . 
HWA HB@IX L$LWX LI BDWAR XWZR M$LWX MLA MQW IICWR QWDM . 

* 

H@IRWP HM$TWLL BIRW$LIM ZWKH L&DWT RAIIH , $GM LAXR AIN - SPWR DIWWXIM 
B&ITWNI IWM H$$I , HIA MKH AWTNW BTDHMH WBPXD . MCLMWT XZQWT LPRQIM 
MALP MLIM . I$RAL SGL MDWWX &L HABL WHAIWM BRXWBWTIH $L IRW$LIM , $HCB& 
$LHM HWA $XWR WCHWB WKTMI DM M$TBCIM BW . XSIDI KHNA , $$NAH WNIKWR 
MLBIM AT HTLHBWTM HRCXNIT , SWGRIM X$BWN SWP - SWP &M &RBIM W&M &ITWNAIM . 
GM AM BTMWNH HM&WWTT KLIL &RBI M@PL BQBRW $L KHNA , WAPILW MTABL &LIW . 
ANW $WM&IM R&IWNWT MBWLBLIM , HMWZNIM MTXW$WT $L DXIIH MSIBWT $WNWT , 
WHZ&M MWPNH KLPI HMMSD . HM QWRAIM LNQMH . HM MB@IXIM $IHRGW $B&H X"KIM , 
WAT H$MALNIM . ALA $HHBXNWT AINN BRWRWT . WHM MST&RIM WMSLQIM AT X"K 
RXB&M ZABI WCW&QIM L&BRW @RMPIS@ , WMQBLIM BZRW&WT PTWXWT AT PLA@W - 
$RWN , $AINW MXMIC AT HXNGH WMWKN $IRAW BW SPRDI @HWR . R$WT HDIBWR 
NITNT BSIRWS GRSH WRWX LXBR TT - MQL& WLXBR SKIN . HM MB@IXIM BHIS@RIH 
LZRWQ AT HGDWLIM WL&$WT SDR BKNST . L&WMT HHMWNIM HM$TWLLIM MCIG IGAL 
GWRN AT AN$I M$@RT IRW$LIM , HM$M$IM IMIM KLILWT KXIC AXRWN BIN XWQ LANARKIH . 
WHM MW$MCIM BPI AZRXIM MPWXDIM . WLA RQ BPIHM . RQ A$H MBWGRT KMW 
DMWT HLQWXH MSR@ AXR AINH NTPST LPXD WLPANIQH . HIA GW&RT B$W@RIM : 
" MHI@LR LA PXDTI . WAINI MPXDT MZBWBIM . ATM MDBRIM $@WIWT " . QRN - 
AWR MTGLH BDIMWNH . &WLIM XD$IM MGI&IM L&IIRH , $KBR NGZRH &LIH KLIH , 
WHNH HIA MT&WRRT LXIIM , AM KI H&TID &DIIN M&WRPL . WXZRH ALIK IRWN 
LWNDWN , WLBIDWR $AINW NGML MN HLIQWIIM $MN BW . MCIL AT HMCB HIG& HXIPW$ 
AXR IRXMIAL LWQACR , AI$ GDWD H&BWDH . DMWT $HPKH MITIT W&@WPT MSTWRIN 
" QW DQ BIN MCIAWT LSPRWT " . APILW LWNDWN NRAH HP&M SQRN BAMT . NWRIT 
GLRWN WGIDI GWB , BRAIWN &L SR@W HXD$ $L AWRI BRB$ , CWXQIM &D LDM&WT , 
KAILW I$ M$HW HWMWRIS@I BSIPWRW $L MI $MT MSR@N . I$NW QI@L $M$WWH LBIQWRT 
H&ITWNWT AWPI DIDAQ@I , WMXNK AT H&ITWNWT MH L&$WT , BBI@XWN &CMI $L 
MI $ZKH B004 ALP $QL B@W@W , WH&ITWNWT KBR AINH MQWR HPRNSH HIXID $LW . 
DWRWN N$R , BN&LIIM ADWMWT , AINW IKWL APILW LHTNAWT WLHTNXM BZKIIH 
KZAT . 

* 

@I NTQ& BKDWR HARC , BWDD WABWD , $LW$H MILIWN $NWT - AWR MHBIT " , 
PWNH S@IWWN SPILBRG AL HQHL M&L MSK H@LWWIZIH , BKNISH LATR HDMIWNI 
BAWLPNI IWNIWWRSL HXD$IM BAWRLNDW , PLWRIDH . HKWKB HIRWQ , HKWKB $L 
AI - @I , BSKNT HKXDH , ALA AM KN I$WB HBN HAWBD HBITH . " AI - @I , 
BWA HBITH " MXLIP AT " AI - @I HWLK HBITH " . HPARQ HXD$ $L IWNIWWRSL 
BPLWRIDH , IWZMH $L GII S@IIN , N$IA WIW"R M - SI - AI WBB&LWT M - 
SI - AI WPI - L - SI , M$TR& &L PNI 677 , 1 DWNM , $KL KWLM XWWIWT 
WRIGW$IM . AIN - SWP HPT&WT MCPWT LMBQR , WBRWBN HWA M$TTP BAWPN P&IL . 
HCPIIH BHSR@WT XIWT N&$IT MQRWB ( MB&D LZKWKIT $QWPH WM$WRIINT , XSWMH 
LQWL ) , WMAP$RT HTBWNNWT GM BSCINWT RWMN@IWT , RGI$WT BMIWXD . BAWRLNDW 
$WKN GM DISNI - WWRLD . SIPWR HPARQIM $L DISNI MTXIL B5591 , &M PTIXT 
DISNILND QLIPWRNIH . DISNI - WWRLD NPTX 61 $NIM AXR KK . HPARQ KWLL 
HIWM , BIN H$AR , AT AWLPNI M - G - M , AT " MAGIQ QINGDWM " ( M&$IWT 
ILDIM $QMW LTXIIH ) , $@XI BTI MLWN , AGMIM , M$@XI GWLP , WM2891 
GM AT " APQW@ SN@R " , &WLM H&TID , HKWLL GM TCWGH QBW&H $L 11 MDINWT , 
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BIWNIWWRSL MTAKSNIM BATRIM $L DISNI AW B&$RWT BTI HMLWN AW HMW@LIM $BSBIBH . 


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LWNDWN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . BMPLGH H$MRNIT MSTMNT QBWCH XZQH HMTKWWNT 
LH&MID AT MIIQL HSL@IIN KMW&MD NGD MARGR@ TACR , BHTMWDDWT HQRWBH &L 
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WMTMID M&WZ $L HLIIBWR , HGDIL HLIIBWR AT HRWB $LW &L X$BWN H$MRNIM , 
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&QB HTNGDWTH $L RA$ HMM$LH LHNHGT M@B& AXID BQHILIIH HAIRWPIT . &L RQ& 
ZH HTP@R MTPQIDW SGN RA$ HMM$LH SR GPRI HAW . 

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SIIMH AT BIT - HSPR LAMNWT HTIA@RWN BBRIT - HMW&CWT W&BDH KTPAWRNIT BTIA@RWN 
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$"X W&GILIM 5203 $"X . @LPWN : 14132830 . 

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$QDMH WHSTKM B21 MILIWN $"X BLBD . KK MSR M"M RA$ &IRIIT IRW$LIM &MWS 
MR - XIIM BSIKWM DIWN &L HDW"X HKSPI H$NTI BWW&DT HKSPIM $L H&IRIIH . 
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LHGBIR AT HSIW& HNITN L&IR BHTAM LMDINIWTH LXIZWQ IRW$LIM . 

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MI $BR$WTW MZGN AWWIR , MQRR WMXMM , HWA B&L MZL : HWCAWT HXIMWM BAMC&WT 
MZGN HN HZWLWT BIWTR . L&WMT ZAT , HXIMWM BAMC&WT TNWR GZ HWA HIQR 
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HXIMWM BX$ML NWX IWTR , B@WX IWTR WNQI IWTR . HXIMWM BGZ MSWKN IWTR , 
MAXR $HWA CWRK AT HXMCN BXDR WPWL@ GZ R&IL ( ) ; KMW KN HCNRT &$WIH 
LHIWT MPG& B@IXWTI . TNWRI NP@ ( LLA ARWBH ) &LWLIM GM HM , KMWBN , 
LHIWT MSWKNIM , M$WM $HM CWRKIM AT XMCN HXDR WMZHMIM AT HAWWIR , WAP 
QIIMT SKNT HTLQXWT . KA$R MXMMIM BGZ AW BNP@ , X$WB MAWD LH$AIR PTXI 
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ILDIM . TNWRI HXIMWM HMWMLCIM BIWTR BXDRI ILDIM HM QWNBQ@WRIM X$MLIIM , 
$AINM MZHMIM AT HAWWIR W$AIN X$$ KWWIIH GM AM HILD NWG& BHM . 

* 

" ARIH HIH KH GAH B$DH HT&WPH ; HWA RCH LHPKW LNML AWWIR BIN - LAWMI . 
LKN P&L LHKNST M&RKT HRDAR HXD$H WLHQMT TXNT KIBWI A$ . ANI MQWWH , 
KI HXLWMWT $HIW LW ITG$MW . ARIH HIH GM HMTWRGMN $LI , KIWWN $H&BRIT 
$BPI KH GRW&H . HWA IXSR LI KL KK HRBH " ; KK NPRDH BBKI , WB$PH HANGLIT , 
HA$H PLWR , MB&LH , ARIH GRWSBWRD Z"L , IW"R MW&CT HMNHLIM $L R$WT 
$DWT HT&WPH , $HWBA $L$WM LMNWXT &WLMIM BXLQT HAC"L , BBIT H&LMIN BQRIIT 
$AWL . GRWSBWRD NHRG BTAWNT DRKIM BTXILT H$BW& $&BR BARH"B , $BW& IMIM 
BLBD LAXR $HTMNH B$IQAGW LN$IA H&WLMI $L ARGWN R$WIWT $DWT HT&WPH . QHL 
RB LIWWH AT ARIH GRWSBWRD BDRKW HAXRWNH , BINHM $RIM W$RIM L$&BR , XBRI 
KNST , AI$I CIBWR , RA$I $NI HARGWNIM HBIN - LAWMIIM $L R$WIWT $DWT 
T&WPH W&WBDI HR$WT . LID HQBR HPTWX SPD LW $R HTXBWRH , M$H QCB , $&MD 
&L PW&LW HRB $L ARIH GRWSBWRD WAI$IWTW HMIWXDT . QWDM LKN HGI& ARWNW $L 
GRWSBWRD B@ISH I$IRH $L XBRT AL - &L MNIW - IWRQ . &@WP BDGL R$WT $DWT 
HT&WPH HWNX HARWN BAWLM HNWS&IM HNKNSIM . " ARIH , &WMDIM ANW LPNIK 
NBWKIM , HMWMIM WKWABIM . AIN HD&T TWPST AT HLIKTK BDRK LA DRK . HGWRL 
HTAKZR ALIK , DWWQA BMI $BM$K &$WR $NIM TRM L$IPWR HT&BWRH , &WD BTPQIDK 
HQWDM KMNK"L M$RD HTXBWRH . DWWQA HWA BXR BK LHIWT QRBN NWSP LQ@L BDRKIM 
$HPK LHIWT HAWIB MSPR 1 " , NPRD BQWL XNWQ MNK"L R$WT $DWT HT&WPH , BRWK 
LWI , LPNI HARWN , BM&MD BBIT HNTIBWT . " M$PXT R$WT $DWT HT&WPH MRKINH 
RA$ . KWABIM AT MWTW $L AXD M&MWDI HTWWK , AI$ ICIRH WM&$IM . @WB LBK 
KGWDLK H@B&I . AWHB L&ZWR LZWLT . AT $HB@XT QIIMT . AI$IWTK WDMWTK 
TXSR LNW MAWD . LK L$LWM WTHIH MLIC IW$R WANW MB@IXIM LHM$IK WL$MWR &L 
DRKK " , SPD IW"R W&D H&WBDIM , PNXS &IDN . $R HTXBWRH , SPD WAMR : 
" LMDNW LHKIR AWTW , LHWQIRW WLAHWB AWTW . ARIH HIH DMWT SSGWNIT , 
M&NIINT WMRTQT . BTQWPT &BWDTNW HM$WTPT , LMDTI MMNW GM ID& WGM PILWSWPIH 
WHWA SII& LI MAWD B&BWDTI " . " HLK L&WLMW MWMXH BIN - LAWMI BTXWM HT&WPH 
&M PW@NCIAL $LA NWCL BMLWAW . HABDH LM$PXH GDWLH BIWTR WAP LMDINH , 
$AIBDH ADM IQR WNKS X$WB LKWLNW " , AMR QCB . 

* 

$P& HDGMIM HNRAIM BAWLMI HTCWGH $L ARWNWT HM@BX AINM MSGIRIM AT @IBM . 
HDLTWT WM$@XI H&BWDH MCWPIM BGWWNIM $WNIM BWHQIM WA@WMIM ( MA@ ) , 
ABL LA KL ICRN @WRX LHSBIR LCRKN MH NMCA MTXT LCIPWI : &D KMH &MIDIM 
XWMRI HMILWI WHCIPWI BPNI HTLAWT $HM@BX CPWI L&BWR , MHM SWGI HDBQ $M$TM$IM 
BW , BAILW @KNWLWGIWT $L HCMDT HCIPWI LXWMR HMILWI M$TM$IM WMHN $I@WT 
HXIBWR $L HCIRIM . KA$R , LDWGMH , MWKR AWMR LCRKN KI DLT &$WIH @WBH 
IWTR MZW H&$WIH &C ALWN MLA , KDAI LCRKN L$AWL AM HIA @WBH IWTR LICRN , 
AW LCRKN . LKL AXD MHXWMRIM HMCWIIM B$WQ ITRWNWT WXSRWNWT . KKL 
$HXWMR NWX IWTR L&IBWD , KK TRD &LWTW . AK I$ ICRNIM HM&DIPIM LH$QI& 
BHADRTW $L HXWMR HNWX , KDI $IWKLW LIHNWT M$NI H&WLMWT : GM XWMR ZWL 
LICRN , WGM IQR LCRKN . HTRGIL HZH AP$RI BAMC&WT HBWHQ HXICWNI , ABL 
KMW BAMRH HIDW&H X$WB MH $I$ BQNQN . X$WB LHBXIN BIN HXWMRIM $BGWP HARWN 
LBIN ALH $BDLTWT . BA$R LCIPWI HPNIMI , BRWBM HMKRI& $L HM@BXIM HGWP 
&$WI $BBIT ( MH $KWNH P&M SIBIT ) MCWPH MLMIN , AW SNDWWIC MCWPH PWRMIIQH . 
HCIPWI HXICWNI IKWL LHIWT PWRNIR , AW CBW& BCB&IM MSWGIM $WNIM AW MCWPH 
PI - WI - SI . $ALH $$WALIM RBIM HIA , MH &DIP $BBIT AW SNDWWIC ? AING 
HNA HRCBRG , RA$ &NP &C WMWCRIW BM&BDH LMKNIQH BMKWN HTQNIM , AWMRT 
$LGBIH AIN HBDL , BTNAI $$NIHM BAIKWT @WBH . LDBRIH , HM@BXIM HT&$IITIIM , 
HNMCAIM BPIQWX HMKWN , &WBDIM &M XWMRIM MN H@WBIM BIWTR . A$R LAXRIM , 
AIN HIA IKWLH LWMR DBR , MAXR $AINH IWD&T . ABL HIA MZHIRH , KI B$WQ 
I$ KIWM HRBH M@BXI IIBWA H&$WIIM MXWMRIM GRW&IM MM$ . BMH NBDL XWMR 
@WB MXWMR GRW& ? HSNDWWIC &$WI MLBIDIM ( DIQ@IM ) . LBIDIM TWCRT HARC 
NW$AIM TW TQN $L MKWN HTQNIM . HLBIDIM &$WIIM M&C HAQMH WDWMIW , $MQWRM 
BAPRIQH H@RWPIT . ZHW &C RK , IXSIT LMQWBL BT&$IIT HRHI@IM , WLKN MNCLIM 
AWTW BQILWP L$KBWT DQWT . H$KBWT MWDBQWT ZW LZW , WHSIBIM MWNXIM B$I@T 
$TI W&RB . MSPR H$KBWT BSNDWWIC TLWI B&WBI HRCWI . HLBIDIM HMIWCRIM 
BARC &WBRIM @IPWL B&I$WN , HMB@IX AWTM NGD MZIQI &C . H$BBIT &$WIH MGRIST 
PSWLT &C , LRBWT &CIM GRW&IM WPSWLT &C $KBR HIH B$IMW$ . BDRK KLL M$TDLIM 
ICRNI H$BBIT LHWCIA MH&C HM$WM$ AT HMTKWT $HIW BW QWDM ( MSMRIM , PIRZWL , 
XIBWRIM $WNIM WKDWMH ) . AT HGRISH MDBIQIM MXD$ BDBQIM $WNIM WMMH $HTQBL 
IWCQIM PLA@WT . AIKWT H$BBIT HIA TWCAH $L SWGI H&C MMNW NGRSH , SWGI 
HDBQ WKMWT HDBQ . HCRKN AINW IKWL LD&T AT @IB H$BBIT $MTXT LCIPWI , 
WKK LA NWTR LW ALA LSMWK &L MKWN HTQNIM , AW LTT AMWN BICRN AW BSPQ . 
$BBIT BAIKWT @WBH NHNIT MKMH ITRWNWT BH$WWAH LSNDWWIC : MAXR $HIA XWMR 
" MT " , HIA ICIBH WAINH NTWNH LH$P&WT SBIBTIWT KMW MZG HAWWIR ( HSNDWWIC , 
KMW GM H&C HMLA , HM XWMRIM " XIIM " , H&$WIIM LQBL &IWWTIM QLIM ) 
. H$BBIT GM NWXH IWTR L&IBWD , WHICRN IKWL LHGI& LNCWLT @WBH IWTR 
$L HXWMR . &L KN MXIRH ZWL BMIDH NIKRT MZH $L HSNDWWIC . P&R HMXIRIM 
BIN $NI HXWMRIM IKWL LHGI& L%03 BMWCR HSWPI . HSNDWWIC HWA XWMR XZQ IWTR 
W&MID IWTR BPNI LXWT , MIM W$AR MPG&I HM@BX . XLQ MITRWN ZH I$ LZQWP 
LZKWT HCIPWI , M$WM $HSNDWWIC M$WWQ BDRK - KLL BCIPWI PWRMIIQH , XWMR 
XZQ W&MID HRBH MHMLMIN WDWMIW , $MCPIM BHM BDRK KLL AT H$BBIT . HGIWWN 
H&IQRI , MBXINT XWMRI HMILWI , HWA BDLTWT . DLTWT MIICRIM , MLBD 
B$BBIT WBSNDWWIC , GM MPANL ( $ILWB $L SNDWWIC &M &C MLA ) , M ( 
PL@WT M&WBDWT , HMTQBLWT M@XINH $L &CIM $WNIM WBLILH BDBQ ) , M&C ALWN 
MLA , WL&TIM NDIRWT GM M&C AWRN . AING HRCBRG MDGI$H , KI DLT M@BX 
X$WB $THIH QLH WXZQH . XZQH , M$WM $HIA NPTXT WNSGRT P&MIM RBWT BM$K 
XII HM@BX ; QLH , M$WM $AZ HIA MP&ILH PXWT LXC &L HCIRIM . LHMX$T HDBRIM , 
HNH M$QL HXWMRIM H$WNIM LM"Q : SNDWWIC 520500 Q"G PANL 520500 Q"G 
$BBIT 036086 Q"G 067008 Q"G AWRN 025055 Q"G ( &D % 51 LXWT ) ALWN 
027 Q"G ( &D % 51 LXWT ) ( H&RH : &L - PI TQN , @WWX HLXWT HMWTR B&C 
MLA HWA % 8%21 . KKL $H&C HMLA LX IWTR , KK M$QLW LM"Q , KMWBN , RB 
IWTR . ) MN HNTWNIM &WLH KI HSNDWWIC , HPANL WHAWRN HM B&LI HM$QL HQL 
BIWTR , WMBXINH ZW I$ LHM ITRWN &L HXWMRIM HAXRIM . LGBI HAWRN KDAI 
LD&T , KI XSRWNW $HWA PWL@ $RP DBIQ , GM AXRI CBI&H . I$ ICRNI M@BXIM 
HM&DIPIM DLTWT MPANL , $ILWB $L SNDWWIC &M &C MLA BCWRT SRGLIM , MAWTW 
MIN $&$WIIM MMNW HLBIDIM . H"SRGLIM " KLWAIM BIN $TI $KBWT SNDWWIC DQWT , 
$HMRWWX BINIHN K5 M"M . ICRNI DLTWT HPANL @W&NIM , KI XWMR ZH AINW 
MQBL &IWWTIM , KPI $&$WI LQRWT BSNDWWIC . ZAT M$WM $HQWRWT H&BWT MXWZQWT 
BW BKIWWNI SIBIM NWGDIM , WIXD &M &WBI HQWRWT TWRMIM LXIZWQ IXIDT HDLT . 
MCD AXR , XSIDI HPANL MWDIM KI LA NITN LQBL KAN CIPWI M&WGL BQCWWT , 
&IBWD AP$RI BXWMRIM HAXRIM . AING HRCBRG GWRST , KI H&IWWT HQL HMTPTX 
BDLT HSNDWWIC HWA TWCAH $L HDBQH LA @WBH $L HPWRMIIQH . LDBRIH , PWRMIIQH 
MHWDQT HI@B , BDBQ NKWN WB$I@T AI@WM @WBH $L HQAN@IM , MWN&T &IWWT BDLTWT . 
H , @W&NIM XSIDIW , HWA HSIBIT HAMITIT . XWMR ZH MTQBL M@XINH 
DQH $L &CIM $WNIM , BLILH BDBQ W&IBWD MXD$ $L H&ISH LPLA@WT . @IB HXWMR 
MWTNH BSWGI H&C HN@XNIM WB@KNWLWGIIT HIICWR , DHIINW , SWGI HDBQ WRMT 
HDXISWT . LHWCIA H&WBDH $H&C NGRS &D ABQ , DWMH H L$BBIT : GM HWA SWPX 
MIM WMTNPX , W&QB KK &$WI LHTPWRR . SPIXT HMIM AWPIINIT AMNM GM L&C 
HMLA WLLBIDIM , AK ALH NW@IM L$WB LMCB HQWDM LAXR $HTIIB$W . H - KMW 
H$BBIT , HWA XWMR " MT " WAXID MKL MQWM TKWNWT HN&DRWT B&C LSWGIW . 
AING HRCBRG AWMRT , KI BAIKWT @WBH , NX$B LXWMR @WB , IXSIT LM$QLW 
HGBWH . MXIRW HZWL $L H , LMRWT THLIKI H&IBWD , NWB& MKK , $M$TM$IM 
LIICWRW BXLQI &C $AI AP$R LNCLM LNGRT , KGWN &NPIM Q@NIM WCRIM , Q@&I 
&C MRWBI " &INIIM " WKDWMH . MXIR XWMR HGLM $L HWA K$LI$ MZH $L &C 
ALWN . BMWCR HSWPI HP&R GDL &WD IWTR RB& WPXWT MZH $L MWCR M&C ALWN , 
BGLL NICWLT @WBH IWTR WM$K &BWDH QCR IWTR . H AINW MIWCR BARC WBMKWN 
HTQNIM HWA NBDQ &L - PI HTQN HBRI@I . KMH ICRNIM I$RALIM KBR PNW LMKWN 
WBIQ$W BNIIT TQN I$RALI , LAXR $HTBRR KI LARC HGI&H SXWRH GRW&H . BMQBIL , 
PNW KMH MICRNI HRHI@IM LM$RD HT&$IIH WHMSXR BDRI$H $LA LHKIN TQN KZH . 
H&C HMLA NX$B XWMR @WB MAWD , AM BMHLK H&IBWD @WPLW HB&IWT HAWPIINIWT : 
H&C DWR$ IIBW$ NKWN % 8%21 LXWT M&L M$QL H&C ; BAWRN I$ LHQPID &L &IBWD 
NGD PLI@T H$RP , WI$ LDAWG L&I$WN NGD MZIQIM . HCIPWIIIM NXLQIM 
LKMH SWGIM : PWRMIIQH LSWGIH ( LRBWT HMLMIN ) , CB&IM &L SWGIHM , 
PI - WI - SI PWRNIR , PWLI@WRH AW LKH . @IBH $L DLT NQB& LA AXT &L 
IDI HCIPWI , AWMRT AING HRCBRG . PWRMIIQH HIA XWMR DXWS MAWD , WMIDT 
HHGNH $HIA NWTNT MWTNIT B&IQR B&WBIH , AK GM BRMT H&MIDWT $L H$KBH HXICWNIT 
L$RI@WT , MKWT , XWM W&WD . M$QLW $L HMLMIN HRGIL N& BIN 001 L021 
GRM LM"R ; M$QL HMLMIN H&BH IWTR , HMKWNH IHLWMIT , MGI& L061 GRM 
LM"R . H@QWN , PWRMIIQH RKH HMTAIMH LQCWWT M&WGLIM , IQR B%21 MHIHLWMIT . 
PWRMIIQH PWS@ - PWRMING , HMTAIMH AP HIA LQCWWT MW&GLIM , IQRH M&@ 
IWTR MN H@QWN . XWMRIM ALH XIIBIM L&MWD BTQN I$RALI R$MI . HCRKN CRIK 
LHXLI@ AM LH&DIP PWRMIIQH @WBH BMXIR GBWH IWTR , AW AT HMLMIN HZWL , 
$I$ SIKWI SBIR $ISPWG NWZLIM KMW $MN , MIC WKDWMH WIPTX KTMIM $AIN 
LHSIRM . DWD BDRIAN , MNHL M@BXI ZIW , AWMR KI RCWI LBDWQ GM XLQIM 
AXRIM , HBAIM BMG& &M LXWT AW MIM , KMW GB HARWN HNWG& BQIRWT . I$ 
ICRNIM HMWTIRIM XLQIM XBWIIM ALH BLI CIPWI KL$HW . KMW KN HWA MCI& LMI 
$MZMINIM M@BXI SNDWWIC &M CIPWI PNIMI $L PWRMIIQH , $LA LSMWK &L NWSXH 
KLLIT ZW WLWWDA $GM HMDPIM , HMGIRWT W$AR HXLQIM HPNIMIIM , HBAIM BMG& 
&M MZWN AW LXWT , MCWPIM PWRMIIQH . AZHRH : B$WQ MCWI CIPWI NIIR DMWI 
MLMIN HNW$A AT H$M HMSXRI " DQWR " . XWMR ZH AINW &WMD APILW BDRI$WT 
HMINIMLIWT $L &MIDWT MPNI ADI MIM , $RI@WT AW MKWT , WLA KL $KN &L &MIDWT 
BXWM , WX$WB LHIZHR MLHTPTWT LMXIRW HZWL , AWMRT ANG HRCBRG . MAXR $BKL 
DLT I$ 21 XIBWRIM , BRWR $LAIKWT H&BWDH , KMW GM L@IB HDBQIM , I$ XLQ 
MKRI& B@IB HM@BX $RWK$IM . LDWGMH , H$IMW$ BDBQ MG& BARWN HM@BX GWR& 
MAWD MAIKWTW , M$WM $DBQ ZH NW@H LHTNTQ BH$P&T XWM , KPI $$WRR BM@BX ; 
HHPRDH BIN HCIPWI LT$TIT MAP$RT XDIRT LXWT WTPIXH ( WBIMI XMSIN HTIIB$WT - 
ITR W&IWWTIM ) . BIICWR HT&$IITI M&DIPIM AT DBQI HAWRIAH AW PWLIWWINIL - 
AC@@ . LDBRI HRCBRG , RMT AI@WM HCIPWI HIA AXD HMBXNIM LQBLT TW HTQN . 
&D HIWM ZKW BW RQ M@BXI RGBH , SAGH WRM@ , WBTHLIKI AI$WR MTQDMIM NMCAIM 
M@BXI ZIW W@WPZ . BA$R LCB& , @IBW NMDD B$MIRT HGWWN WB&MIDWTW LQRINT 
AWR . HCRKN AINW IKWL LBDWQ DBRIM ALH B&T HQNIIH , ABL BMKWN HTQNIM 
AWMRIM $BWDQIM HI@B GM AWTM . &WD NTWN X$WB $NBDQ BMKWN HWA @IB HCIRIM . 
BWDQIM AT RMT H&MIDWT $LHM LQWRWZIH WAT TPQDM , HNBDQ BSIMWLCIH : KL 
DLT BMDGM NBDQT 05 ALP P&M BPTIXH WSGIRH MLAH , BAMC&WT MKWNH MIWXDT , 
W&WD 02 ALP P&M PTIXH - BKWX BZWWIT $L 03 M&LWT . MKWN HTQNIM BWDQ GM 
AT KW$R HH&MSH &L HMDPIM , &MIDWT B$XIQH , BHWLM , BXWM IB$ , BHKTMH , 
B$RI@H WB$BIRH . MP&L " DLTWT QISRIH " , BQIBWC $DWT - IM , HMTMXH 
BIICWR DLTWT LRHI@IM WM@BXIM , ICA BAXRWNH BMBC& M&NIIN : XIDW$ ARWN 
HM@BX HQIIM &L - IDI HXLPT HDLTWT BLBD , B%04 MMXIRW $L M@BX XD$ BAWTW 
GWDL . MAXR $HDLTWT HN HM&NIQWT LM@BX AT XZWTW , WHN GM HRGI$WT BIWTR 
LBLAI , I$ BHC&H ZW KDI L&NIIN CRKNIM RBIM . HDLTWT HMWC&WT &$WIWT M - 
BCIPWI IIXWDI , AW M&C ALWN : AT DLTWT H - MTAIMH HXBRH LKL ARWN 
QIIM , BKL HDGMIM HMIWCRIM BMP&L , AK DLTWT ALWN AP$R LHTAIM L$NI DGMIM 
BLBD . HMP&L MSPQ AT DLTWT &C HALWN LLA CBI&H ( AK MWKN LCBW& , BMXIR 
NWSP ) . DLTWT H - BMSGRT HMBC& MCWPWT B@KNWLWGIH HNQRAT . ZHW CIPWI 
HMILWAH BPI - WI - SI , B$I@H $BH HHDBQH N&$IT BTNAI WAQWM , LXC W@MPR@WRH 
GBWHH . HMXIRIM LHLN MTIIXSIM LDLTWT BGDLIM S@NDRDIIM ( GWBH 0408 S"M , 
RWXB &D 24 SM ) . HMXIRIM KWLLIM M&"M , LT$LWM BMZWMN : ALWN 987 
$"XCBI&H 42 $"XHRKB 81 $"XSH"K 021 $"X LDLT ALWN MWRKBT . 26 $"XHRKBH 
31 $"XSH"K 57 $"X LDLT MWRKBT&LWT XIDW$W $L M@BX BN 01 DLTWT ( K01 
M@RIM ) BDLTWT TGI& L - 578 , 1 $"X , BLA HLKLWK HNLWWH LPIRWQ M@BX 
I$N WHTQNT XD$ . 

* 

( & ) . LBIT HM$P@ HMXWZI BTL - ABIB HWG$ BIWM $$I KTB AI$WM NGD RWNI 
LIIBWBIC , BN 73 MHRCLIH , $NWD& K"$WDD &L HAWPNW& " . KTB HAI$WM , 
HM$TR& &L PNI 11 &MWDIM , MIIXS LLIIBWBIC 22 AI$WMIM $L M&$I $WD BNSIBWT 
MXMIRWT . HTWB&T , &W"D DBWRH XN , MCIINT KI BM$K K$NH WXCI BIC& LIIBWBIC 
$WRH ARWKH $L M&$I $WD BSNIPI BNQIM , TWK $HWA M$TM$ BN$Q WMAIIM BW &L 
&WBDI HBNQ WLQWXWTIW . BXLQ MHMQRIM , N@&N BKTB HAI$WM , AP IRH LIIBWBIC 
BN$Q KDI LQDM AT BICW& H$WD WKDI LHIML@ MHMQWM LLA HPR&H . $LL M&$I H$WD 
$L LIIBWBIC HSTKM BLM&LH M003 ALP $QL . B&T $AWTR &L - IDI AN$I HM$@RH 
HWA NML@ MHMQWM BAMC&WT AWPNW& , BW H$TM$ B&T BICW& KL M&$I H$WD , WNLKD 
RQ LAXR MRDP M$@RTI . BKTB HAI$WM N@&N &WD , KI BMHLK H$WD BSNIP BL"L 
BRMT - ABIB , NIG$ HNA$M LMK$IR HKSPWM@ , $XLQW HAXWRI MCWI BTWK HSNIP , 
WNISH LPTWX AWTW &L IDI SIBWB HIDIT . QPIDBINBSNIP HBNQ HBINLAWMI BHRCLIH 
AMRH HKSPRIT BSNIP LNA$M KI MPTXWT HQWPH AINM BR$WTH , WAZ X@P LIIBWBIC 
MHMQWM XWTMT &M TARIKIM $L HBNQ WNML@ MHMQWM . GM MSNIP DISQWN@ BRMT - 
GN $DD HNA$M , BNWSP L590 , 31 $QLIM , XWTMT TARIK $L HSNIP . BSNIP 
BNQ HPW&LIM BRXWB PNQS BTL - ABIB $DD LIIBWBIC , BNWSP L820 , 43 $QL 
MKSPI HBNQ , GM SK $L 437 , 2 $QL MAXD MLQWXWT HSNIP , $&MD LID HDLPQ 
$L HKSPRIT $N$DDH . &M SIWM H$WD BSNIP HBINLAWMI BHRCLIH , ICA AXRI HNA$M 
AXD HLQWXWT $C&Q LKSPRIT BMHLK H$WD LA LTT LNA$M AT HKSP , MAXR $MDWBR 
BAQDX C&CW& . HWA HTQRB L&BR LIIBWBIC BM@RH LMNW& MMNW LHIML@ . BTGWBH 
IRH LIIBWBIC IRIIH AXT BTQRH WHLQWX NALC LSGT XZRH . B&T H$WD BSNIP BNQ 
HPW&LIM BR&NNH , IRD MNHL HSNIP LQWMH HRA$WNH BH HTBC& H$WD . HNA$M 
KIWWN ALIW AT HAQDX WDR$ MMNW LXZWR LQWMH H$NIIH . HMNHL X$$ LXIIW WP&L 
KPI $LIIBWBIC DR$ MMNW . BMHLK H$WD BSNIP BNQ AMRIQAI - I$RALI B$DRWT 
MWRIH BXIPH , HTQRB L&BR HNA$M &WBD $L HBNQ . LIIBWBIC HWRH LW LHIKNS 
XZRH LXDR HMNHL WAMR LW : " ANI AIRH BK " . BKDI LHMXI$ AT RCINWT KWWNWTIW , 
IRH LIIBWBIC IRIIH AXT $PG&H BMNWRT NAWN BTQRH , $$BRIH HTPZRW LKL &BR 
WSIKNW AT HNWKXIM BBNQ . B$WD BBNQ HPW&LIM BNWP - IM BHRCLIH , SIRB AXD 
HLQWXWT LHI$M& LHWRAT HNA$M L$KB &L HRCPH . LIIBWBIC HTQRB ALIW WSIMN 
LW BAQDXW LHIKNS LXDR HMNHL . HLQWX SIRB WRQ LAXR $HNA$M IRH MAQDXW , 
CIIT HLQWX WNKNS LXDR HMNHL . LIIBWBIC LA HSTPQ BSK $L 977 , 5 $QL MKSPI 
SNIP BNQ HPW&LIM BRMT - GN , WN@L MHDLPQ $QIT H$IIKT LAXD MLQWXWT HSNIP 
$HKILH 000 , 7 $QL . QPIDBINHTWB&T BIQ$H MBIT HM$P@ LQIIM AT HM$P@ BHRKB 
$L $LW$H $WP@IM LAWR XWMRT H&BIRWT , RIBWIN WHX$IBWT HCIBWRIT $L HTIQ . 
HIA HSBIRH KI H&WN$ HQBW& BXWQ &BWR KL AXT M22 H&BIRWT HWA 02 $NH , 
W&L KN &DIP HRKB $L $LW$H $WP@IM , $IKRI& B&NIIN H&WN$ . HTWB&T CIINH 
KI LIIBWBIC HWDH BM$@RH B&BIRWT HMIWXSWT LW WLKN LA NRAH KI HM$P@ ITARK . 
HTWB&T BIQ$H &WD MBIT HM$P@ L&CWR AT RWNI LIIBWBIC &D TWM HHLIKIM . HIA 
@&NH KI BM&$I H$WD $BIC& , BAWPN $I@TI WBM$K TQWPH ARWKH , HWA HWKIX 
B&LIL KI HWA MHWWH SIKWN LCIBWR , WKI QIIM X$$ $IIML@ MAIMT HDIN . HDIWN 
BBQ$H ITQIIM HIWM . 

* 

$R HBINWI WH$IKWN ARIAL $RWN HWRH BSWP H$BW& LXBRT &MIDR LAP$R LZKAI HM$RD , 
MQRB XSRI HDIWR , $&WD NWTRW BAWHLIM , L$KWR XDR BBTI MLWN , $&MM 
HGI&H &MIDR LHSDR $KIRWT . &D KH HW$KRW XDRIM BBTI MLWN &BWR &WLIM MBRIH"M 
BLBD . BM$RD H$IKWN HSBIRW KI C&DW $L $RWN NW&D LPTWR LXLW@IN AT B&IIT 
XSRI HDIWR BAWHLIM , $MSPRM &WMD K&T &L 552 M$PXWT BRXBI HARC , L&WMT 
002 , 2 BAMC& AWGWS@ . BM$RD H$IKWN CIINW &WD KI C&D ZH BNWSP LC&DIM HQWDMIM 
$NNQ@W ITNW PTRWN MWXL@ LB&IIT HAWHLIM . M$RD H$IKWN H&LH AT H$TTPWTW 
B$KR HDIRH LZKAIM L526 $"X WAKLS ZKAIM BDIRWT &MIDR $$WPCW LAXRWNH WB$KWNWT 
HQRWWANIM . &WD HSBIRW BM$RD H$IKWN KI 02 HM$PXWT HRA$WNWT BARC KBR $ILMW 
DMI PIQDWN WHN &TIDWT LHIKNS LQRWWANIM BIMIM HQRWBIM . 

* 

LWNDWN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . QBWCH X$AIT BIWTR HWQMH LID M@H NA@"W B$NWT 
H05 , KNRAH &L PI HMLCT HSI - AII - AI , WQ$RH Q$RIM HDWQIM &M GWRMIM 
NAW - PA$IS@IIM . KK NMSR BIDI&WT HMGI&WT MBRISL WMBIRWT AIRWPIWT AXRWT . 
HQ$RIM HLLW NXQRIM &TH &L IDI H$L@WNWT BAI@LIH WBBLGIH . TPQID HQBWCH 
HIH LP&WL KMXTRT BMQRH $L KIBW$ SWBII@I BAIRWPH . HIA HWDRKH BM$WTP &L 
IDI KMH MN H$IRWTIM HX$AIIM $L MDINWT NA@"W . &D LPNI XWD$IIM HTKNSH 
W&DT HTIAWM $LH BBRISL . BIN HITR BWXNIM BAI@LIH AT HQ$RIM $L HQBWCH &M 
HNAW - PA$IS@IM $PWCCW B0891 AT TXNT HRKBT BBWLWNIH . BPIGW& ZH NHRGW 
08 AI$ . HNAW - PA$IS@IM &SQW AZ BNISIWN LGRWM LTWHW - WBWHW BAI@LIH , 
KDI $LA TQWM MM$LH B$ITWP HQWMWNIS@IM . BIDI&WT MAI@LIH &L HQBWCH H$TRBB 
$MW $L HN$IA PRNCSQW QWSIGH , $HIH SGN $R HHGNH B$NWT H05 . " MBC& 
GLADIW " , KPI $NQRAT TKNIT HP&WLH BAI@LIH , N&RK BIDI&TW . HQBWCH P&LH 
GM BPWR@WGL , B$NWT H05 , BNISIWN LHGN &L HDIQ@@WRH HIMNIT $L SLZAR . 
GM BIWWN HIW $LWXWT $L HQBWCH HIA HWQMH $M B5591 WPWRQH B8891 . BBLGIH 
&DIIN QIIMIM $RIDIM $L HQBWCH , BTWR IXIDT MSGRT , WI$ BR$WTH M$DRIM 
X$AIIM . TPQIDH HIH LHWWT ZRW& LP&WLWT XBLH , MWDI&IN WHTNGDWT KLLIT , 
BMQRH $L KIBW$ SWBII@I . BBLGIH NXQRIM X$DWT KI HIW Q$RIM BIN GWRMIM 
BM$@RH HX$AIT LBIN QBWCH NAW - NACIT Q@NH B$M " WS@LND HXD$H " . GWRMIM 
R$MIIM BBLGIH AMRW L&ITWNAIM , $HXQIRH TIM$K &D $KL H&WBDWT IHIW IDW&WT , 
WH$IRWTIM HX$AIIM NC@WW L$TP P&WLH KKL IKWLTM . 

* 

RA$ HMW&CH HMQWMIT IRWXM MCPH $AWKLWSIIT H&IIRH TWKPL &M BWAM $L H&WLIM 
HXD$IM . CIPIIH ZW ZWKH LTARIM WLQLI$AWT KMW " NS GDWL " W"$&H HIS@WRIT " , 
LA RQ LMDINT I$RAL ALA GM L&IIRWT HPITWX . HIITI RWCH LHC@RP LHTRG$WT 
AK AIK AP$R ? AIRW& KH DRM@I KMW H&LIIH LA IKWL LHISPG BANRCIH HLAWMIT . 
AIN BRIRH , ANW NIDR$ MHR MAWD LBDQ - BIT . WZH KWLL AT SWGIIT &IIRWT 
HPITWX , B&IH BLTI - PTWRH ZH &$RWT $NIM . WAILW PWLI@IQAIM PZIZIM XW$BIM 
LXSLH &L - IDI CIRWPH LB&IIT QLI@T H&LIIH HNWKXIT . B&IIRWT HPITWX PW&LTDINMIQH 
$L MIWN BIN XZQIM WXL$IM HXZQIM &WZBIM WHXL$IM N$ARIM MXWSR BRIRH . 
ALH $N$ARW MRGI$IM " TQW&IM " APILW AM MDI P&M , BSIW& BMAI MTL - ABIB , 
HM MNSIM L&@WP &CMM BMNH HGWNH $L LWQAL - P@RIW@IWT . . TAWR ZH LA BA 
ALA LHTRI& MPNI HHTLHBWT HLA - M$KN&T $L HMMSD , A$R M&WNIIN KDRKW LH$IG 
$Q@ , LHRGI& , LKBWT $RIPWT , BMQWM LAZWR AWMC WLHWKIX MNHIGWT . RQ 
QBI&T MDINIWT ARWKT - @WWX TAP$R HTMWDDWT AMITIT &M HATGR $L H&LIIH HHMWNIT 
$L HIWM W&M $RIDI HMXDLIM $L HQLI@H HHMWNIT $L $L$WM , BLI LNSWT LBLBL 
HAXT BTWK H$NIIH . AWLM BTSRI@ HNKTB BIMIM ALH , BCWRH MRW$LT WLLA TAWM 
MM$I BIN HR$WIWT , AP$R LDMIIN KICD ALPI &WLIM MGI&IM L&IIRWT HPITWX , 
KI $M IBNH M$RD H$IKWN . BWWDAI ITQIIMW QBLWT - PNIM NRG$WT ; PW&LIM 
&RBIIM MH$@XIM I$TLW BP&M - HMI - IWD& - KMH $TILIM RKIM BXZITWT HBNIINIM ; 
IIPTXW KMH MINI - MRQ@IM , H$WQ $L IWM RBI&I ITSWS ; WHRWKLIM ILMDW 
MLIM HKRXIWT BRWSIT . ABL H$IRWTIM HXBRTIIM , HXINWKIIM WHTRBWTIIM II$ARW 
&M Q$IIM GDWLIM IWTR , BKL HNWG& , LM$L , LTPQWD BTI - HSPR . HTQCIBIM 
HMWGDLIM IAP$RW LZMN MH L$WB L&IDN HP&ILWT H$@XIT WHRAWWTNIT . BA$R LMQWMWT 
&BWDH , AIN AI$ M$LH AT &CMW . ALH HMM$IKIM L@PL BSIMP@WM BMQWM B$WR$ 
HB&IH MWCAIM &IDWD BGLL HGIDWL HDRM@I BMSPR HTW$BIM , LAXR TQWPH ARWKH 
$L QIPAWN WNSIGH , MH GM $MDWBR B"&LIIH @WBH " . HHIS@WRIWN HAMRIQAI SN@IANH 
KBR AMR MZMN $MI $LA RWCH LLMWD MN HHIS@WRIH NIDWN LXIWT AWTH $WB . 
BWAM $L &WLIM RBIM HWA BRKH LMDINH , AK HPNIITM HI$IRH L&IIRWT HPITWX , 
KPI $HN , &LWLH LHIWT $WB BKIIH LDWRWT . AWKLWSIIT H&WLIM HXD$IM , 
GM AM THIH KWLH MWRKBT MAN$IM BWGRI BTI - SPR GBWHIM , TMCA &CMH LPXWT 
B$LB HRA$WN XWZRT LKITH A , &M AWTH TXW$H $L XRDH W$L XWSR AWNIM . 
AI - AP$R LCPWT $AWKLWSIIH H$QW&H BM$BR HHLM HTRBWTI - XBRTI TTRWM L$IPWR 
MCBN $L &IIRWT HPITWX , HSPWGWT ZH DWRWT AWWIRH $L SP - IAW$ MHWLH BQIPWX . 
RWB H&WLIM HXD$IM IGI&W L&IIRWT HPITWX MXWSR BRIRH , WMID &M BWAM ITXIL 
HMIWN . MHIRI HTPI$H , B&LI KW$R HSTGLWT GBWH , I@LW SIKWN MXW$B WINSW 
AT MZLM BAZWRIM HMBWSSIM $L HARC ; AXRIHM I&ZBW ALH $IQBLW &IDWD WSIW& 
MN HRA$WNIM WKK HLAH . W$WB NIWWKX $H$HIIH B&IIRH THIH LRWB H&WLIM HALH , 
KPI $QRH &M &WLI $NWT H05 WH06 , APIZWDH XWLPT , M&IN TXNT M&BR . 
HM I$AIRW MAXWRIHM AT KL ALH $LA LMDW MSPIQ , $LA IKLW ; WB&BWR HMI&W@ 
HZH H&IIRH THPWK LMLKWDT . WKK HXL$IM $L &LIIT $NWT H09 IC@RPW LWWTIQI 
H&LIWT HQWDMWT WIXD ITXZQW BTBI&TM LTMIKWT WL&WD PRWIQ@ $IQWM . WAP - 
&L - PI - KN , &IIRT HPITWX AINH TWP&T @B& , M&$H HH$GXH H&LIWNH ; 
HIA RQ TWLDH $L MXDLI HADM . BIKWLTW $L HADM LKPR &LIHM &L - IDI TIQWNM 
AM HWA HBIN AT SIBT KI$LWNW . HHCHRWT &L HKPLT HAWKLWSIIH HXL$H $L &IIRWT 
HPITWX &L - IDI HWSPH $L TW$BIM MWXL$IM , MCBI&WT &L KK $DBR LA NLMD . 
PRICT M&GL HQSMIM $BW $RWIH &IIRT PITWX LA TW$G BDRK AGB . AP$R LX$WB 
&L $NI PITRWNWT LB&IH HRWBCT &L HXBRH ZH &$RWT $NIM : A ) HRKBT TWKNIT 
$BMSGRTH TINTN AP$RWT LAWKLWSIIH HLKWDH B&IIRT HPITWX L&ZWB AWTH MRCWN , 
LBXWN MXD$ AT MIQWMH HGIAW - KLKLI - BI@XWNI WLG$T LAKLWSH MBRA$IT &L - 
IDI TW$BIM MBWSSIM , A$R IQBLW SIW& XD - P&MI WXWP$ P&WLH MIRBI B&ICWB 
HI$WB LM&N &CMM . B ) LICWR TNAIM MW$KIM ( B$IKWN WBT&SWQH ) KDI LM$WK 
BMBC& MRWKZ AWKLWSIIH MBWSST , MN HHIB@ HTRBWTI - XBRTI . AWKLWSIIH 
ZW TBIA L$INWI PNI H&IIRH $KN BIKWLTH LH$TLB MHR MAD BHNHGT HII$WB BMWBN 
HRXB $L HMILH . L&WLIM AIN MQWM BTWKNIWT ALW . AP$R L&WDDM LBWA AK WRQ 
LII$WBIM , $NXLCW MN HHGDRH " &IIRT PITWX " , BZKWT HGR&IN HXZQ $L AWKLWSIIH 
WTIQH , KMW KRMIAL BCPWN W&RD BDRWM . AP$R GM LTMWK BHTARGNWT $L QBWCWT - 
&WLIM , A$R IRCW LHC@RP LGR&INIM $L ILIDI HARC , KDI LHQIM I$WBIM XD$IM 
BNGB WBGLIL , WKK LHPWK AT HGIRTM L&LIIH BMLWA HM$M&WT HCIWNIT . $NI 
HATGRIM $L H&LIIH W$L &IIRWT HPITWX RAWIIM LHTMWDDWT IXWDIT WKNH . 
WHP&M NWKL LAMR LALH A$R KBR MKINIM TIQ GDW$ " NSIBWT MQLWT " , $HM LA 
IWKLW LHTN&R MN HAXRIWT HKBDH $B&TIIM MZW $RWBCT &L MNHIGI HMDINH HC&IRH , 
$HITH XSRT HAMC&IM WKL NISIWN QWDM . 

* 

MMW&MDI MPLGT H$L@WN HMCRIT HWDXW MN HR$IMH LAXR $HTBRR KI NX$DW B$XITWT . 
BIN HMW&MDIM HIW SWXRI SMIM WRA$I KNWPIWT . &WRK H&ITWN " AL - AXBAR " 
TWQP &L RQ& ZH AT RA$I HMPLGH , AP $BI@LH AT MW&MDWTM . H&WRK MWS@APH 
AMIN KWTB : " AMNM @WB &$TH HMPLGH HDMWQR@IT K$HRXIQH MR$IMWT HMW&MDIM 
$LH LBXIRWT HQRWBWT LMW&CT H&M % 06 MCIRIH BMW&CT H&M , $XLQM MWA$MIM 
BSXR BSMIM WXLQM IDW&IM BNICWL H$P&TM WBH$GT RWWX ASWR . AWLM &WLH KAN 
H$ALH , KICD HSKIMW HMNGNWNIM WMW$LI HMXWZWT MLKTXILH LHCGT MW&MDWTM 
$L RA$I KNWPIWT WSWXRI SMIM , KDI $IICGW AT MPLGT HRWB . " M$M&WT HDBR 
HIA $MW&CT H&M , $KIHNH BM$K XM$ $NIM , HITH MW$XTT . HIW GM CIRIM 
$BXIRTM LA HITH XWQIT LPI QBI&T BIT HM$P@ . ITR &L KN , M$M&WT HDBR 
$MW&CH ZW HITH BRWBH BLTI - XWQIT WKL HHXL@WT $QIBLH WHXWQIM $XWQQH &MDW 
BSTIRH LXWQH . " MPLIA HDBR , LPIKK , $HMM$LH HT&LMH MDRI$T HAWPWZICIH 
LPZR MW&CH ZW MAZ $NBXRH WHT&Q$H $MW&CH MZWIPT ZW TM$IK LKHN . HNNW MQWWIM 
$MW&CT H&M HXD$H THIH AMITIT WLA DMIWNIT . AINNW RWCIM MW&CWT $L APSIM , 
WHRI RAINW MW&CWT $AWTN HRKIBH HMM$LH MBIN TWMKIH WMAILMIM , $AIN LHM 
D&H AW NISIWN AXR . WHRI ALW HXLI$W AT HMM$LH WRMSW AT RCWN H&M . " HNNW 
RWCIM LD&T MIHM ALW $BXRW AT CIRI HMW&CH HQWDMT , A$R LAXR XM$ $NIM HWKX 
$HM AINM RAWIIM LTPQIDM . HAM ALW $QB&W AT HMW&MDIM LMW&CH HQWDMT HM 
GM ALW $QB&W AT HMW&MDIM LMW&CH HXD$H ? " MWZRH MKL HIA H$ALH , HAM 
KL HLXCIM WHZIWPIM ( BBXIRWT HQWDMWT ) NW&DW LBXIRT % 06 MHCIRIM $RAWIIM 
LHIKNS LBIHM"$ L&BIRWT PLILIWT IWTR MA$R HM RAWIIM LHIKNS LMW&CT H&M . 
LW HIH H&M ZH $BWXR , LA HITH BXIRTW GRW&H " . 

* 

SDAM XWSIIN B"MXWZ H91 $L &IRAQ " , HIA KWWIIT L$&BR , WHMDINWT $HTAGDW 
L&WQRW M$M MRAWT SIMNI XWL$H HWLKIM WGWBRIM . &D LIMIM HAXRWNIM NRAH 
HIH $BMQRH H@WB TSTIIM HPR$H BP$RH &L X$BWN KWWIIT H&CMAIT , $TIALC LWWTR 
&L $NI AIIM BMPRC HPRSI W&L $DH HNP@ DWMLIH , W&L X$BWNH $L I$RAL , 
BDRK ZW AW AXRT . KL ZH TMWRT $XRWRM $L K000 , 2 BNI &RWBH M&RBIIM WTMWRT 
HB@XH $L SDAM LHTNHG KIAWT ( WGM ZAT , LA KLPI I$RAL , $AWTH HTXIIB 
LA MKBR " LH&BIR MN H&WLM AXT WLTMID " ) . ABL PTRWN ZH HIH AP$RI RQ 
&D LIMIM HAXRWNIM . BIMIM ALH HWLKT WM$TNH HTMWNH : $LW$ MDINWT GRMNIH , 
IPAN WAI@LIH HXLW LPTX IWZMWT MDINIWT XD$WT LA - R$MIWT , $M@RTN HMWCHRT 
LHBIA L$XRWRM $L BNI H&RWBH . WILI BRAND@ , HQANCLR HM&RB - GRMNI L$&BR , 
ICA LPGI$H &M SDAM XWSIIN BBGDD , WHSPIQ LHCHIR LPNI ICIATW $AIN BKWWNTW 
LCMCM AT $IXWTIW L$XRWR BNI H&RWBH BLBD , ALA GM LPTRWN B&IWT HMZRX HTIKWN 
BKLL , WB&IWT HMPRC HPRSI BPR@ , BDRKI $LWM . GM NQSWNH , RA$ MM$LT 
IPAN L$&BR , BA L$IXWT BBGDD BKWWNH LPTWR AT HB&IH BDRKI $LWM . DI 
LZKWR AT " PTRWNWT H$LWM " $L HIPANIM BQRB &MI MZRX ASIH BM$K &$RWT 
$NIM LPNI MLXMT H&WLM H$NIIH WBM$K $NWT HMLXMH &CMH . M$LXT PRLMN@RIT 
AI@LQIT XZRH BIMIM HAXRWNIM MBGDD , WBPIH " TQWWT MBWSSWT LTZWZH XIWBIT " 
BPR$T BNI - H&RWBH HAI@LQIM . GM LAI@LIH I$ XLQ BHC@IIDWTH HCBAIT $L 
&IRAQ , WBKLL ZH AMC&I MLXMH LA QWNWWNCIWNLIIM . CRPT NIHLH , MNHLT 
WTNHL AP HIA MW"M &M SDAM . RQ H$BW& HTB$RNW $&IRAQ MSRH LIDI HNSPX HCBAI 
HCRPTI BBGDD $LW$H XIILIM CRPTIM , $BAW M&RB HS&WDIT WN$BW ( KNRAH 
B&T SIWR MWDI&IN BKWWIIT ) . SDAM XWSIIN @RX MID LHSBIR $HDBR N&$H " B$L 
HTNHGWTH HIPH WHIDIDWTIT $L CRPT KLPI &IRAQ " . HAM NISIWNWT HPIWS $L MDINWT 
ALW , AINM MZKIRIM AT M&$I HPIWS , &L X$BWNN $L MDINWT Q@NWT WXSRWT 
I$& , $L ANGLIH WCRPT ( $LPNI WWI$I ) KLPI RWDN AXR BHIS@WRIH ? BTGWBH 
LNISIWNWT HPIWS $L AWTN MDINWT KBR HSPIQ SDAM XWSIIN LHCHIR ( BMI@B HMSWRT 
$L HI@LR , MWRW WRBW ) , MPI H$R $LW L&NIINI HSBRH ( BMI@B HMSWRT 
$L GBLS , MWRW WRBW ) , $"KWWIIT HIA HMXWZ H91 $L &IRAQ WKZW HIA TI$AR 
L&WLMIM , WKKL $IMHRW HARCWT HMTNGDWT LKK LHKIR B&WBDH ZW WLH$LIM &MH , 
KK GM TIPTR B&IIT BNI H&RWBH HM&RBIIM W$AR HB&IWT $L HAZWR " . NNIX , 
$&IRAQ TQBL B@WB AW BR& AT HPTRWN $HNXNW BRA$IT HDBRIM LPIW TZKH &IRAQ 
BXLQIM $L KWWIIT , KMWCA LMPRC HPRSI , WBTPWQT HNP@ $L $DWT RWMLIH HKWWIITIIM . 
AWLM HAM BAMT TIPTR HB&IH ? AIN , WLA HIW &WRRIN &L KK $&IRAQ HIA $PTXH , 
LPNI KT$& $NIM , BMLXMH NGD AIRAN B$L SIRWBH LHI&NWT LTBI&WTIH H@RI@WRIALIWT 
$L &IRAQ , $NISTH LH$IG MWCA MNIX AT HD&T LMPRC HPRSI . MLXMTH $L &IRAQ 
BAIRAN ZKTH BTMIKH MWXL@T , HN MCD M&CMWT HM&RB WHN MCD BRIT - HMW&CWT . 
&IRAQ NICXH BMLXMH &QWBH MDM , B$L HAMC&IM HCBAIIM HADIRIM $HZRIMW ALIH 
M&CMWT HM&RB WBRIT - HMW&CWT LLA HBXNH , $GM &BRW B$TIQH &L H$IMW$ BGZIM 
$HKRI&W AT HMLXMH . BKK CRIK HIH , KBIKWL , LHSTIIM HSIW& HCBAI HMASIWWI 
$HGI$W $NI HCDDIM L&IRAQ . CRIK HIH LHIWT BRWR LAWTM MNHIGIM , $&M TWM 
HMLXMH CRIKH &IRAQ LHPNWT AT M$ABIH HKSPIIM L$IQWM ARCH WLT$LWM &BWR HM$ABIM 
H&CWMIM $HW&MDW LR$WTH BZMN HMLXMH WLA HIA ! M&CMWT HM&RB WBRIT - HMW&CWT 
HM$IKW , GM LAXR SIWMH $L HMLXMH , LHZRIM CIWD CBAI B&$RWT BILIWNI DWLRIM 
L&IRAQ . &IRAQ IKWLH LHTMWDD &M T$LWM XWBWTIH , WSIPWQ CRKIH HIA , 
AK WRQ BAXT MHAP$RWIWT HBAWT , AW @WB IWTR MBXINTH , B$ILWB MLA BINIHN : 
&LIIH $L MM$ BMXIR HNP@ HGWLMI , $AT MXIRW IC@RK L$LM HCRKN B&WLM KWLW ; 
&LIIH $L MM$ BTPWQT HNP@ $L &IRAQ , LCD HRXBT MQWRWT HNP@ HNMCAIM B$@XI 
$KNWTIH . SBIR LHNIX $M$M&WT HC@IIDWTH HCBAIT $L &IRAQ , B&ZRT HMDINWT 
MMZRX WMM&RB , HITH NHIRH LAWTM MNHIGIM WHM HIW MWKNIM L$AT BTWCAWTIH . 
AXRT Q$H LHBIN KICD MNHIGIM ALH LA $ALW AT &CMM $ALH ISWDIT AXT : L$M 
MH DRW$H LSDAM XWSIIN KL H&WCMH HCBAIT HADIRH $AIRGN L&CMW GM LAXR NCXWNW 
&L AIRAN . SDAM XWSIIN , WRBIM MAZRXI HARCWT HNWG&WT BDBR , MTXILIM 
LHTIIXS LAIWMI ARH"B L&$WT SDR BMPRC HPRSI BKWX HZRW& , KAL AWTW MWSR 
H$KL " ZAB ZAB WAIN ZAB ! " . AM LA TIPTR B&IIT SDAM XWSIIN BQRWB , 
&TIDWT HMDINWT HNRT&WT &K$IW MMLXMH L$LM MXIR IQR ALPI MWNIM , BQWRBNWT 
WBM$ABIM , B&TID HLA KL KK RXWQ . ASWR LMNHIGI H&WLM HNAWR LHR$WT LHIS@WRIH 
HLA KL KK RXWQH LXZWR &L &CMH . 

* 

BLIKWD WBQRB HSI&WT HDTIWT BQWALICIH $WRRT HTNGDWT LMINWIW $L X"K ARIAL 
WIIN$@IIN ( LIKWD ) KSGN $R , TMWRT MSIRT M$RT M"M IW"R W&DT HKSPIM 
LX"K $MWAL HLPR@ MAGWDT I$RAL . HC&H ZW HWG$H LWWIIN$@IIN B$BW& $&BR 
&L IDI NCIGI AGW"I . GWRMIM BKIRIM BLIKWD , WBKLLM $RIM BMM$LH , AMRW 
KI AIN LWWTR &L &MDH X$WBH ZW $L M"M IW"R W&DT HKSPIM , BMIWXD $&H $AGW"I 
TQBL AT M$RT IW"R HWW&DH . GM $R HT&$IIH WHMSXR M$H NSIM , $WWIIN$@IIN 
NX$B KMQWRBW , LA HTLHB MHHC&H . &M ZAT , BMW"M &M AGW"I , HB@IX NSIM 
LHLPR@ KI II&$H NISIWN LTT LW H$P&H BWW&DT HKSPIM . &WD CIINW BLIKWD KI 
LA IITKN LH&NIQ LAGW"I ARB&H MW$BIM BWW&DT HKSPIM . KIWM MKHNIM BWW&DH 
ZW HX"KIM MNXM PRW$ ( &L X$BWN MKST MW$BI HM&RK ) WX"K ABRHM WRDIGR . 
LAXR XTIMT HHSKM HQWALICIWNI ICWRP ALIH KIW"R X"K M$H ZAB PLDMN MAGW"I , 
W&L PI HHC&H $NDWNH &M WIIN$@IIN GM X"K HLPR@ IC@RP LWW&DH . XWGIM AXRIM 
BLIKWD MSRW KI " KL HHC&H AINH RCINIT WLA TCA AL HPW&L " . XWGIM BMPD"L 
AMRW AM$ KI LA IITKN $WWIIN$@IIN IMWNH KSGN $R , B@RM IIMCAW SMKWIWT 
HWLMWT LNCIG HMPLGH X"K IGAL BIBI , HMKHN BLA SMKWIWT NRXBWT . LBIBI 
HWB@XH M$RT SGN $R H&BWDH WHRWWXH , WAWLM , BAXRWNH HB@IX HLIKWD $TI 
M$RWT $L SGN $R H&BWDH LNCIGI AGW"I . X " K WIIN$@IIN AMR BTGWBH KI " &WBDT 
HHTNGDWT BLIKWD WBIN $RI HLIKWD IDW&H HI@B . HIW PNIWT ALI , WLPIHN 
AIN MQWM $HLIKWD LA IXZIQ B&MDT M"M IW"R W&DT HKSPIM , B&T $NCIGI HMPLGH 
MKHNIM K$RIM KLKLIIM BMM$LH " . 

* 

&WBRIM W$BIM $M&W IBBWT BWQ&WT MTWK HCMXIH . PIQRIH MGI@WLW ( 61 ) , 
C&IRH @WRQIIH , $KBH &L $BIL BI&R PIRS@NRIDR , PCW&H Q$H BRA$H . HIA 
MTH MPC&IH BMXLQH L@IPWL NMRC BMRPAH GRWSHDRN , BMINKN . HIA NRCXH BIDI 
AXIH . MXM@ MGI@WLW ( 91 ) , HLK LQXT AT AXWTW MDIRT MKRIM BM&RB MINKN , 
L$M NML@H HC&IRH HKWRDIT &M IDIDH , &LI , BN H91 . H$NIIM QIWW LH&MID 
AT HWRIH $L PIQRIH BPNI &WBDH MWGMRT . HAX MCA AWTM BMHRH . LPIQRIH 
AMR KI HHWRIM H$LIMW &M HMCB . " BWAI " , AMR BNIMH MPIIST LAXWTW , 
" NLK LQNWT LK $MLT KLH " . BLB WLB H$TKN&H HN&RH LHIKNS LMKWNIT ; 
BAWTW BWQR , HXNWIWT HIW SGWRWT &DIIN . PXDH HIH MWCDQ . MXM@ S@H BDRKW 
LI&R PIRS@NRIDR , $M AILC AWTH LCAT MHMKWNIT WLKRW& &L BRKIH . &L - 
PI MMCAI HM$@RH , HWA HCMID AQDX B&L QLIBR GDWL LMCXH WLXC &L HHDQ . 
" HIA ZIHMH AT KBWD M$PXTNW , AMR LAXR M&$H LAIMW NWR B@LPWN , WAZ 
N&LM . XWQRI HM$@RH BMINKN HGI&W BMHRH LMSQNH $MXM@ LA IKWL HIH LP&WL 
&L D&T &CMW , WXWD$IIM LAXR HRCX N&CR HAB , &DN MGI@WLW , BA$MH KI 
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RXWQIM , MKRIM , IDIDIM AW AXIM , XBRIM L&BWDH $L HAB WB&IQR H$KNIM . 
AM C&IRH IWCAT LRXWB LLA SIBH , CCIM MID RKILWT WX$DWT . MID MW@L SPQ 
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&DIIN MWCA NITWX LAIXWI HBTWLIM . RWPAI N$IM @WRQIIM WAIRANIIM MBC&IM 
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BMQRH KZH , HMWHR IKWL LHGI& BQLWT L03 ALP MRQ . MQL@I HN$IM BM&RB 
GRMNIH MLAIM BN$IM @WRQIWT $HBRIXH MHB&L HITH &BWRN HMWCA HAXRWN . ABL 
GM $M AIN HN B@WXWT . GBR BN 92 IRH MXSNIT $LMH BA$TW $BRXH LM&WN B$@W@GR@ . 
" RCITI RQ LHXZIR AWTH " , AMR MAWXR IWTR BBIT HM$P@ . N$IM MWTQPWT 
LA RQ BIDI BNI M$PXH . B$NH $&BRH HWTQPW $TI @WRQIWT HP&ILWT BARGWNI 
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, &INH AWTH WANS AWTH , WX@P AT BNM HM$WTP , GINII BN H4 , L@WRQIH . 
$BW&WT SPWRIM QWDM LKN HWTQPH H&WBDT HSWCIALIT H@IG Q . BIDI BN ARCH . 
HIA SII&H LN&RH @WRQIIH LHTGWNN MPNI XIZWRIW HNMRCIM MDI $L AIRPN . 
BWQR AXD BA ALIH AIRPN , C&Q &LIH $HIA " ZWNH " $"A$MH BKL " , S@R 
LH WDQR AWTH 82 P&MIM . HRWPAIM QB&W $RQ BNS NICLH . 

* 

IW&C RA$ HMM$LH LLWXMH B@RWR , IGAL KRMWN , HXLI@ LHSIR AT HMLCTW LI$RALIM 
LHIMN& MNSI&WT LMCRIM . HHXL@H BAH LAXR $KWXWT BI@XWN HPNIM $L MCRIM 
&CRW MAWT P&ILIM AISLAMIM WHXRIMW N$Q WTXMW$T . HMLCT HIW&C LLWXMH B@RWR 
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HM@IILIM BMCRIM . BHMLCH , $NWSXH B$ITWP &M M$RD HXWC , NAMR KI KL 
HMTKWWN LCAT L@IWL BMCRIM RAWI $I$QWL $WB AT KWWNTW . HHMLCH HW&BRH L21 
SWKNWIWT NSI&WT HMQIIMWT SIWRIM BMCRIM , WNTLTH &L LWXWT HMWD&WT BMSWPI 
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HHMLCH WLH$AIR BIDIW AT HHXL@H AM LCAT LMCRIM . MAZ XLH IRIDH BMSPR HI$RALIM 
$ICAW LMCRIM . $L@WNWT MCRIM HGBIRW B$BW&WT HAXRWNIM AT MABQM BARGWNIM 
HAISLAMIIM HQICWNIIM , BMIWXD LAXR RCX IW$B RA$ HPRLMN@ BMRKZ QHIR . 
NRAH KI P&ILI ARGWNIM ALH HM $SIMNW AT AZRXI I$RAL HM@IILIM BMCRIM KM@RH . 
M&CRM HQ@IN AT HX$$ MBICW& P&WLWT @RWR NGD I$RALIM &L ADMT MCRIM . BNWSP 
LKK HXLI@W HMCRIM LHGBIR AT HAB@XH &L MQWMWT HMW&DIM LPIGW&I @RWR . HM 
$IPRW AT AMC&I HB@IXWT BMSWPI HGBWL &M I$RAL BRPIX WB@ABH , WM&TH LA 
IHIH AP$R LHGI& L$M BMKWNIWT &M N$Q , KB&BR . KN HWCBW KMH MXSWMIM BDRK . 
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LA IHSSW LHWRWT &L KK . " AIN KL AP$RWT LHWRWT LAZRX I$RALI LB@L AT 
NSI&TW LMDINH $&MH I$ LNW IXSIM DIPLWM@IIM " , HDGI$W HGWRMIM , " AK 
K$M $M$RD HXWC HAMRIQAI &W$H $IMW$ BMK$IR HHMLCH LAZRXIM AMRIQAIM LHIMN& 
MNSI&WT LAZWRIM HMWGDRIM KMSWKNIM LHM , KK XWBH &L HGWPIM HMQCW&IIM BI$RAL 
H&WSQIM BKK LHMLIC &L HIMN&WT MNSI&H LARCWT $BHN N$QPT SKNH LAZRXIM I$RALIM " . 


* 

RBIM MICRNI HN&LIIM , MGH , GALI , ABN&L , RWZI WAXRIM , M$WWQIM 
BCD HMKIRWT HRGILWT $LHM , GM N&LIIM BMXIRIM MWZLIM BMSGRT XNWIWT HMP&L 
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HRA$WNWT $MKRW B$I@H ZW . MBIQWR BHN &WLH KI HMBXR GDWL MMBXR N&LI MGH 
$AP$R LMCWA BXNWIWT RGILWT . MI $RWCIM LCIID BBT AXT AT KL HM$PXH AW 
LPXWT KMH MHM , IKWLIM LXSWK BQNIIH $M . B$BIL ZWG N&LIIM AXD LA TMID 
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B09 . 9 $"X ; N&LI BIT LILDWT B09 . 31 $"X ; SWGIM HDWRIM IWTR , KGWN 
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MCMR SRWG , B09 . 42 , L&WMT 09 . 72 $"X BXNWIWT . KN MWC&WT N&LI 
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72 $"X . &DIIN NITN LH$IG $M AT MGH - QWMPWR@ , N&L $N$IM RBWT HTRGLW 
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SWLIH SINT@IT , &WLIM 09 . 401 BMQWM 09 . 911 $"X ; &M SWLIT &WR HMXIR 
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SINT@IT ) BMQWM 09 . 911 ; LN&RIM I$ N&LI KDWRSL " ADIDS " DGM " 131 " 
B09 . 921 BMQWM 461 $"X . I$ GM MBXR N&LI ADIDS MDGMI " DS@I " W"QRIS@I " ; 
N&LI &WR SPWLDING &WLIM 09 . 97 $"X .  " MGH " GM MIICRT WMIIBAT 
N&LI " ALKSNDRS " MAI@LIH . DGMIM MA$TQD B&QBIM GBWHIM &WLIM &K$IW 
09 . 95 $"X BMQWM 941 $"X , MCIAH LMI $MXP$T N&L HDWRH . N&LI ALKSNDRS 
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PR@ X$WB LN$IM RBWT $AINN MSTDRWT &M HMIDWT HRGILWT . HMGPIIM &DIIN 
AINM BMBXR WAINM BDGMIM MW$KIM AT H&IN . XCI MGP &WLH 09 . 911 W&M PRWWH 
HMXIR KM&@ KPWL ; N&LI BIT LN$IM , DGM MGPWN &M PRWWH $HPKW LQLASIWT , 
&WLWT 09 . 43 $"X L&WMT 09 . 94 $"X BMXIR RGIL . BAXRWNH XTMH " MGH " 
&L HSKM &M XBRT " QDS " HAMRIQAIT HMQNH AT HZKIWN LIICR N&LIM ALH BARC . 
MDWBR BSNIQRS BMBNH MIWXD MXWMRIM LA QMI@IM &M RPIDH PNIMIT BT KMH $KBWT 
GWMI , WI$ LHNIX $&M HZMN IGI&W GM HN LXNWIWT H&WDPIM . I$ LH&IR L"MGH " 
&L KK $HSIMWN $L MXIRI HN&L $XIIB LHIMCA , &L PI HXWQ , &L HN&L , &$WI 
ACLH MMDBQT NIIR HNWPLT MN HN&L MID BMDIDH , KK $LA M&@ N&LIIM XSRWT 
SIMWN ZH BXNWT . XNWIWT H&WDPIM NMCAWT BTL - ABIB , BRXWB H$RWN 4 ; 
BPTX - TQWH , BRXWB HSIBIM , QRIIT M@LWN ; BIRW$LIM , BRWMMH , BRXWB 
IRMIHW 52 ; BXIPH , BCWMT WWLQN WBRXWB H&CMAWT 31 . 

* 

" NIQWSIH ( &"R ) . PAHD MLK S&WDIH HB@IX $L$WM LQRB AT MLKWTW L&BR 
M$@R DMWQR@I . SWKNWT HIDI&WT HS&WDIT MSRH MPI HMLK KI MW$LMWT &TH TWKNIWT 
LHQMT MW&CH MII&CT MRKZIT WMW&CWT AZWRIWT DWMWT . " HP&LT HTWKNIT TTXIL 
LAXR $IW$LMW H@IW@WT HAXRWNWT " , AMR HMLK L&WRKI H&ITWNIM HS&WDIIM . 
S&WDIH NWTRH &D HIWM KMWNARKIH ABSWLW@IT MAZ QMH HMMLKH B2391 . HX$$ 
MPNI MLXMH HGBIR AT HLXC LRPWRMH PWLI@IT BMDINH . MRIAD NMSR KI 04 N$IM 
NRAW H$BW& K$HN NWHGWT BHPGNTIWT BMKWNIWT BRXWBWT HBIRH &L AP HAISWR $H@ILH 
HMMLKH &L NHIGTN . TWMKI HMPGINWT HSBIRW KI HN QIBLW &IDWD MN$IM BCBA 
HAMRIQAI $NRAW NWHGWT M$AIWT BRXBI S&WDIH . 

* 

LPNI HBXIRWT HIDRDRNW L$XCNWT PWLI@IT WAIDIAWLWGIT , W&L KK $ILMNW . 
HTBWSH HDRM@IT HPKH AWTNW LCNW&IM . &K$IW ICRNW $WB Q$R &M HMCIAWT . 
LQX ZH IXZIR AWTNW LDRK PWLI@IT NBWNH WI&NIQ LNW KWX LXZWR L$L@WN BRG& 
HMTAIM . XLWQT HQRQ&WT LAIKRIM HITH AI@IT MDI . BTXILH X$BNW $MHPKNI 
HWA LHXZIQ QRQ& BB&LWT HMDINH . KK APWA LA NTNW DBR LAIKRIM WHSTKSKNW 
AITM . BNWSP , BTQWPH HRA$WNH H$Q&NW KSP RB BAWRX MW@&H . LWLA HWCANW 
KSP ZH L@WWX QCR KL KK , LRKI$T AMC&I MXIH , AIN SPQ $MCB HKLKLH KIWM 
LA HIH KH GRW& . KWXWT HBI@XWN WHM$@RH AKN H$TM$W MDI P&M LR&H BKWXM , 
B&IQR BAZWRI HQRBWT ( &M HQWN@RAS ) , WKK &WRRNW AT $NATM $L HMI&W@IM 
HLAWMIIM . KN . GM BNQWDH ZAT &$INW $GIAWT . MBC&I HGIWS N&$W NGD RCWN 
HAWKLWSIIH . HIW KMH MQRIM $ICAW M$LI@TNW , B&IQR BAZWRI MLXMH . BTQWPH 
$KIHNTI K$R PNIM X$PTI KMH MAWTM MQRIM , WHA$MIM HW&N$W . ABL BAWRX 
BLTI NMN& HIW LKK H$P&WT PWLI@IWT . BKMH AZWRI MLXMH HIW MQRI HT&LLWT 
W&INWIIM . ZW T&MWLH $L AWIBINW WTW LA . BMLXMH NSPW AN$IM RBIM : QWN@RAS , 
AZRXIM , $BXLQM QIIMW Q$RIM &M HQWN@RS , WKMWBN XIILIM $LNW . BMLXMH 
KZAT , $BH &$RWT ALPI QWRBNWT , MWBN $QWBRIM AN$IM BQBRI AXIM . &K$IW 
RWCIM LHA$IM AT HSNDINIS@IM , ABL AIN $WM SPQ BKK $HQWN@RAS HM $IRW 
BBNI ADM WQBRW AWTM BQBRI AXIM . LA . KL CMRT HMNHIGWT HSNDINIS@IT MQIIMT 
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MWCIAH LPW&L AT HXL@WT HDIRQ@WRIWN ( HGWP H&LIWN HSNDINIS@I ) . HMHNHIGWT 
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L$L@WN . AIN SPQ $HM H$AIRW BIDIHM N$Q RB : RWBIM , TT MQL&IM , APILW 
M$GRI @ILIM WRWM"H . HIRIWT PRCW BGLL SKSWKI ADMWT $HMM$LH &DIIN LA HCLIXH 
LPTWR , WBHQ$R ZH DRI$WT HMWRDIM LQRQ& MWCDQWT . KKLWT HKL , BSWP HMLXMH 
HIW QWN@RAS RBIM QMPSINWS P$W@IM $HWB@XH LHM ADMH . ABL &D KH LA QIBLW 
AWTH , WLPIKK H$TL@W &L QRQ&WT BAWRX BLTI LIGLI . AINNW TWMKIM BC&D 
ZH , ABL ANW TWMKIM BDRI$WTIHM LADMH M$LHM . BIN ARGWN HPW&LIM HXQLAIIM 
HSNDINIS@IM LQWN@RAS I$ KIWM IXSIM @WBIM IWTR MA$R BIN HQWN@RAS LMM$LH . 
AINNW SBWRIM GM $I$ LALC AT HQWN@RAS LHXZIR AT KLI N$QM . KRG& , HSIKWIIM 
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MPQDIM SNDINIS@IM , ZH NKWN . ABL HM KPWPIM LPIQWX HMM$LH . QIIM HSKM 
M&BR &L H$ART T$TIT KWXWT HBI@XWN WHCBA B&INH . HDMWT HX$WBH BIWTR BT$TIT 
ZAT HWA AWMBR@W AWR@GH ( AXIW $L DNIAL AWR@GH ) . KL &WD IDR$W ZAT HNSIBWT . 
KA$R TQWM MM$LH XD$H . AZ AWLI IHIH HSKM XD$ . LA HIW TWCAWT I$IRWT . 
ABL HAIRW&IM BMZRX AIRWPH H$PI&W , KMWBN , &L HBXIRWT . M&L LKL , 
QICWC HSIW& HKLKLI MHMZRX CIMCM AT SIKWII HIBXRWTM $L HSNDINIS@IM . 
MBXINH AIDIAWLWGIT , &M ZAT , ANW MAMINIM KIWM BSWCIALIZM IWTR MAI - 
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LHWKIX $ASPQH KZAT AKN QIIMT . AWLI &L KK $LA HIITI CNW& IWTR . B9891 , 
KA$R NICXNW BMHPKH , HTIIXSNW L&CMNW BX$IBWT RBH . AWLI GM RAINW AT 
&CMNW KGIBWRIM . 

* 

HIWM , LRA$WNH MZH 93 $NH , ILKW AZRXI GWA@MALH LQLPIWT BBXIRWT $IIAP$RW 
H&BRH AZRXIT MLAH $L HN$IAWT . AWLM BMQWM XGIGH $L DMWQR@IH , AWPIINH 
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LMRWT $BMWD&WT LA HWPI&W AIWMIM LM&$I ALIMWT BMHLK IWM HBXIRWT , $WRR 
X$$ KI KK IQRH , MAXR WBBXIRWT HQWDMWT B58 PWCC HARGWN G$RIM WXSM KBI$IM 
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BGWA@MALH . LPNI ARB& $NIM HIH HN$IA SRZW HAZRX HRA$WN $HTMNH LTPQID 
MAZ HHPIKH HCBAIT , $BWC&H B4591 BSIW& SWKNWT HBIWN HAMRIQAIT . $L@WNW 
$L SRZW HIH NGW& B$XITWT WBMHLKW AIR&W $NI NSIWNWT HPIKH . HN$IA SRZW , 
&L PI XWQ , AINW IKWL LKHN QDNCIH NWSPT , WTQWWT MPLGTW HNWCRIT - DMWQR@IT 
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HIW LAXR $HIDALGW AW$PZ LCWRK NITWX MSWBK . HIDALGW &CMW HWA$M BNIHWL 
&SQ HSMIM HM$PXTI . GNRAL APRN RIWS MWN@ , $TXT $L@WNW , BTXILT $NWT 
H08 , HWCAW LHWRG MTNGDIM PWLI@IIM WALPI AINDIANIM BMSGRT MS& $I@TI NGD 
HAWKLWSIIH HAINDIANIT , HIH HMW&MD HMWBIL &D LPNI KXWD$ , KA$R BIT HM$P@ 
H&LIWN PSQ KI HXWQH AWSRT &L MNHIGI HHPIKH L$&BR LKHN BN$IAWT . BZIRH 
NWTRW KIWM $NI HMW&MDIM HMWBILIM RA$ &IRIIT GWA@MALH SI@I L$&BR , ALWWARW 
ARZ , M"MPLGT HQDMH HLAWMIT " H$MRNIT , WXWRXH QARPIW NIQWLH M"AIXWD 
HMRKZ HLAWMI " . $NI HMW&MDIM TWMKIM BKLKLT $WQ XWP$I KDI LXLC AT GWA@MALH 
MHSXP HAINPLCIWNI , WMQWBLIM &L HCBA W$GRIRWT ARH"B , HPWQXT &IN &L 
HMTRX$ B"XCR HAXWRIT $L HDWD SAM " . NRAH KI H$NIIM &$WIIM LHTMWDD ZH 
MWL ZH P&M NWSPT , B&WD KXWD$IIM , AM AI$ MHM LA ICLIX LZKWT BIWTR M%05 
MHQWLWT BSIBWB HRA$WN HIWM . 

* 

BWQR AXD , LPNI KXMI$H XWD$IM , HTIICBW SRGII , WWLIH , MI$H W$TI 
MZWWDWT &L HD$A $L QIBWC RWXMH . SRGII DWBRWBICQI , RWPA QRDIWLWG B&L 
WTQ $L 11 $NIM BBRIH"M , NTWN &TH B&ICWMN $L BXINWT BBTI - XWLIM $WNIM 
BRXBI HARC ; R&IITW WWLIH , MHNDST PNAWM@IQH HIDRAWLIT , &BDH BBRIH"M 
BMP&L - &NQ LIICWR XLQIM LSPW@NIQ , W&TH HIA MXP$T DRKIM LH$TLB KAN BTXWM 
HMAWD SPCIPI $LH ; BNM MI$H BN H8 HIH BINTIIM LMIKAL , WBSIW& HQIBWC 
&BR GM BRIT MILH , " KDI $LA IHPWK LA@RQCIH BMQLXT HM$WTPT " . BNI M$PXT 
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BXWP NICNIM . $BW&IIM MAWXR IWTR HTIICBW BQIBWC . BKK HIW L$LW$H MBIN 
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BDIWN $HTQIIM LA MKBR BMKWN WN - LIR BNW$A " HIHIH HQIBWC QIIM BMAH H12 " , 
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$NTN AT HDLQ LQIBWCIM HN HM$IMWT HLAWMIWT $N@L &L &CMW . HQIBWC IKWL 
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IAHBW AWTNW " . CWR MWD& HI@B GM LHIB@ HPWLI@I $L QLI@T H&LIIH . MI $IQCWR 
MWQDM II$AR &M M&@ . HB&IH HIA LZRW& . B$LB HZH ANI MPQI& AT HPN $L 
HQIBWC MN H&NIIN HPWLI@I . AMNM HMPLGWT DWR$WT B&QIPIN LHBIA GM RWWX 
PWLI@I , ABL HMPLGWT HPWLI@IWT IIKNSW LTMWNH K$H&WLH IHIH MWKN LHKR&WT 
MSWG ZH . LNW X$WB $HWA ILMD AIK KL ZH HTHWWH " . 

* 

( & ) . PR$H MZ&Z&T $L M&$I SDWM WM&$IM MGWNIM BQ@INIM NX$PH BIWM W 
BBIT M$P@ H$LWM BIRW$LIM . LBIT HM$P@ HWBAW $LW$H TW$BI H&IR , BNI K04 , 
$$MM NASR LPRSWM , BX$D KI BIC&W $WRH $L M&$I SDWM WM&$IM MGWNIM BMSPR 
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HW@L AISWR PRSWM &L HPR$H . BIWM W @&N BBIT HM$P@ NCIG MXLQ HP$&IM $L 
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KI H$LW$H NHGW LHCIG LHM SR@IM PWRNWGRAPIIM WBIC&W BHM TWK KDI CPIIH BSR@IM 
M&$I SDWM . BTMWRH NTNW LN&RIM SKWMI KSP Q@NIM . BMHLK HDIWN HTBRR KI 
BPR$H M&WRBIM Q@INIM NWSPIM . XWQR HM$@RH @&N KI $NIIM MN HX$WDIM HWDW 
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QB&H BHXL@TH KI AIN T$TIT &WBDTIT L@&NWT $H&LW &WRKI HDIN $L HX$WDIM , 
$MDWBR BQ@INIM HM$M$IM KPRWCWT MMIN ZKR . LDBRIH , MN H&DWIWT MTBRR 
$HPR$IIH HWLKT WMST&PT L&WMQH WLRWXBH . " ICWIN $GM TWK NITWQ MRG$ HSLIDH 
H&WLH LMQRA HWD&WT HQ@INIM , MWQDM &DIN LDBR BHM$K XQIRH $LA BTNAI M&CR " , 
AMRH H$WP@T . HIA CIWWTH LHARIK AT M&CRM $L $NIIM MN HX$WDIM B6 W01 IMIM 
WAILW HX$WD H$LI$I $WXRR B&RBWT $L 01 ALPIM $"X . 

* 

KA$R H&NIINIM IWRDIM LXLW@IN MN HPSIM , RAWI LQXT PSQ ZMN . ATNXTA $TAP$R 
&IWN GM B&NIINIM ZW@RIM . LHLN &NIIN ZW@R , WAWLI LA ZW@R . ARB&H &$WRIM 
WM&LH XLPW &LI BMDINT HIHWDIM HMTXD$T , ARB& MLXMWT LPXWT , &$RWT $NIM 
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CALX - A - DIN HXD$ M&IRAQ $HWA &WMD LHN$IMNW GZ : HTQLWT BCWPRI HAZ&QH . 
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HLQX $NPIQ MN HZDWNIWT HMQS - AND - MWRICIT HZAT $HBWRA $WPK &LINW LPT& ? 
( AWMRIM KI BLILWT APLIM , MID LAXR $GWW& QWLW $L &WD CWPR QWNDSI , 
AP$R MM$ L$MW& AT GRGWRI CXQWQW HZDWNI $L HQDW$ - BRWK - HWA . . . 
) . HMSQNH HBLTI - NMN&T HIA , LMRBH HC&R , RQ ZW : AM CRWT GDWLWT 
MLMDWT $HAL ZW&P , HRI HNIGWSIM HQ@NIM HALH MLMDIM $HWA KBR LA ZW&P . 
HWA KBR P$W@ LA SWBL AWTNW . LA &WD XRWN - AP . STM ICANW LW MHAP . 
AP$R LHBIN AWTW . 

* 

AI$ H&SQIM HBRI@I RWBR@ MQSWWL , B&LIH HXD$IM $L HWCAT KTR , SIRB LXTWM 
&L HDW"XWT HKSPIIM $L HXBRH LT$&H HXWD$IM HRA$WNIM $L 0991 , BI$IBTH 
HAXRWNH $L MW&CT HMNHLIM BIWM XMI$I BMLWN HMLK DWD BIRW$LIM . MW&CT HMNHLIM 
NALCH LHQIM W&DT M$NH $TXTWM &L HDW"XWT HKSPIIM BL&DIW . MQSWWL SIRB LXTWM 
&L HDW"XWT B@&NH $HHPSD GDWL MDI WAINW TWAM AT HNTWNIM $NMSRW LW KA$R 
RK$ AT HXBRH . ANI MRGI$ MRWMH , @&N . HWA Z&M &L HHDLPWT L&ITWNWT , 
LPIHM HPSIDH KTR 2 . 4 MILIWN $"X , WDR$ MKL XBRI MW&CT HMNHLIM LHTP@R 
MTPQIDM . MQSWWL DR$ LDWWX LW MI HDLIP AT HNTWNIM HKSPIIM $L HHWCAH LTQ$WRT . 
AN$I KLL , $SIRBW LHTP@R MXBRWTM BMW&CT HMNHLIM , ICAW LHTII&CWT . 
BSWPW $L DBR , LAXR WIKWX NWQB , SWKM &L KINWS HASIPH HKLLIT W&L HSKMTM 
H&QRWNIT LHTP@RWT MW&CT HMNHLIM KWLH . &L - PI HSKM RKI$TH $L KTR MMAI 
09 AMWR MQSWWL ( BAMC&WT HWCAT MQMILN ) L$LM XMI$H MILIWN DWLR TMWRT 
% 15 MMNIWT KTR . MILIWN DWLR MSKWM ZH I$WLMW BMZWMN , W&WD ARB&H MILIWN 
BT$LWMIM DW - $NTIIM LLA RIBIT , K$HRA$WN $BHM B1 BDCMBR . LNWKX HPSDI 
KTR W@&NWTIW $L MQSWWL &L AI - AMINWT HNTWNIM $NMSRW LW K$RK$ AT HXBRH , 
I$ X$$ $HWA INSH LHWRID AT MXIR HRKI$H . MW&CT HMNHLIM $L KTR MINTH 
BI$IBTH HAXRWNH AT BARI LIPMN , N$IA WMW"L X@IBT HMW"LWT HKLLIT $L HWCAT 
MQMILN HAMRIQAIT , LTPQID N$IA WMW"L $L HWCAT HSPRIM KTR . LIPMN , 
$MQWM MW$BW HQBW& HWA BARH"B , IMLA AT TPQIDW BKTR BMQBIL LTPQIDW BHWCAT 
MQMILN . BKTR MCIINIM KI B$NTIIM HAXRWNWT HWBIL LIPMN AT X@IBT HMW"LWT 
$BNIHWLW LRWWXIWT , HBWL@T B&IQR &L RQ& HM$BR H$WRR B$NIM HAXRWNWT B&NP 
HHWCAH LAWR BARH"B . LIPMN &CMW HWDI& KI MMLA MQWM MNK"L KTR , AWRN MWS@ , 
IWPQD M&TH &L HNIHWL H&SQI H$W@P $L HXBRH , LRBWT NW$AI HTP&WL , HKSPIM , 
H$IWWQ WHIICWR . KMW KN HWDI& LIPMN &L KWWNTW LMNWT BQRWB &WRK RA$I , 
$IHIH AXRAI &L PITWX P&WLWT HHWCAH LAWR BKTR , W&L NIHWLH . &D &TH 
MILA AT TPQID ZH &MWS MR - XIIM . BKTR M&RIKIM KI MR - XIIM , $HWA XBR 
BMW&CT HMNHLIM $L KTR , IM$IK LHIWT P&IL BM&RKT HHWCAH LAWR $L HXBRH . 


* 

LXBRT QDMNI $TI MNIWT 1 $QL W5 $QL HR$WMWT BR$IMH HMQBILH BBWRSH . BDWMH 
LXBRH , NMCAWT HMNIWT MZH $NTIIM BMGMT IRIDH MTM$KT . MXZWRI HMSXR BMNIWT 
HM BDRK - KLL $L ALPI $QLIM BWDDIM . QRNWT HNAMNWT W$AR HGWPIM HMWSDIIM 
AINM MXZIQIM BMNIWT QDMNI ZH TQWPH ARWKH . MRBIT HNIIRWT NMCAIM BIDI 
B&LI H$LI@H WKMH MNHLI TIQIM BWDDIM . 

* 

LLI@AIM , LGRWZINIM WLAXRIM , HMNSIM LHINTQ MBRIT HMW&CWT , IHIH AWLI 
Q$H LHAMIN , ABL QIIM XBL HMNSH LHIHPK LRPWBLIQH SWBII@IT . " HRPWBLIQH 
HAW@WNWMIT " L$&BR $L H@@RIM , MRXQ 067 QILWM@R MMZRX LMWSQWWH , HITH 
XLQ MHRPWBLIQH HRWSIT &D H03 BAWGWS@ . AZ , BLXC H@@RIM , $INH HPRLMN@ 
HLAWMI PH AXD AT $M HAZWR L"@@RS@N " , HKRIZ KI XWQIW QWDMIM LXWQI RWSIH 
WDR$ LH$TM$ BM$ABIM H@B&IIM LM&N 7 . 3 MILIWN H@@RIM . &M TL"G BSK 32 
MILIARD RWBL ( 93 MILIARD DWLR &L PI H$&R HR$MI ) $WAPT HRPWBLIQH H&TIDH 
LQBL IXS $L KBWD , HTWAM AT IKWLTH HT&$IITIT . " ANXNW RWCIM LHIKLL 
BR$IMT HRPWBLIQWT HXBRWT BBRIT HMW&CWT , W&L PI SDR HALP BIT , LPNI 
AWQRAINH " , AWMR WLDIMIR IARMQWB , &WZRW $L HN$IA H@@RI . B&BR HIH QL 
IWTR LQRWA AT HMPH . BBRIT HMW&CWT HIW XBRWT 51 RPWBLIQWT , KWLL RWSIH , 
HGDWLH $BHN . BRPWBLIQWT HIW AZWRIM $WNIM $KWNW " AW@WNWMIIM " . HM 
HIW KALH B$MM BLBD , K&CM $HW$LKH LPIIS MI&W@ LAWMI ZH AW AXR . ABL 
K&T , KA$R MTPWRRT SMKWTH $L MWSQWWH , MWPI&H AW@WNWMIH MM$IT IWTR . 
HRPWBLIQH HRWSIT &CMH HIA QISRWT RB - LAWMIT , W@@RS@N HIA XLQ MMRI 
MTP$@ $L AZWRIM AW@WNWMIIM NGD HMRWT HRWSIT . MD&WT LAWMIT HIA SIBH AXT , 
$AIPH LXLW$ &L M$ABIM HIA SIBH X$WBH AP IWTR . N$IA RWSIH , BWRIS ILCIN , 
HKRIZ KI HWA TWMK BP&WLH LM&N RIBWNWT MQWMIT WHB@IX HSKM PDR@IWWI XD$ 
WRWPP LNTINI HRPWBLIQH HRWSIT . AK HDBR IKWL LHIWT KRWK BAWBDN MILIARDI 
RWBLIM MM$ABIM $WNIM , HXL BNP@ WKLH BIHLWMIM . KPI $M&IDH KWTRT RA$IT 
B&ITWN HBLTI TLWI " @@RINPWRM " : " MH $LI@A HIA B$BIL GWRBCWB , HXBL 
H@@RI HWA B$BIL ILCIN " . HMABQ BIN RWSIH L@@RIM HWA &TIQ IWMIN . MMLKT 
HXAN $L QZAN HWQMH BMAH H41 B&QBWT HGL H&CWM M&RBH WKIBW$IHM $L GINGIS 
XAN WHCBA HMWNGWLI - H@@RI $LW . BTQWPT HRNSANS BAIRWPH KWNH KL HAZWR , 
MMZRX LPWLIN &D LAWQIINWS H$Q@ , " @@RI " , W&L PI AMRH NW$NH , " B&WRQI 
KL RWSI ZWRM GM DM @@RI " . MXCIT HAWKLWSIIH B@@RS@N HIA RWSIT TWCAH 
$L MAWT $NWT MLXMH . MMLKT HXAN NKB$H BIDI AIWWAN HAIWM B2551 . B41 
BAWQ@WBR H$NH CIINW H@@RIM IWM ZH B&CRT HMWNIT $L ALPI ADM BQZAN . MWLWT 
QRAW PSWQIM MHQWRAN WC&IRIM QRAW " ALLH GDWL . " H&CRWT $LNW M&WLM 
LA LB$W AWPI DTI " , AMR HAIMAM GLIWLIN GABDWLH , " H&IR HITH HMWMH " . 
HKIPH DMWIT HBCL $L HKNSIIH HRWSIT - HAWRTWDWQSIT XL$H ZH KBR &L BNIIN 
HQRMLIN HQ@N , HMWQP XWMH , BQZAN . ABL LAXR HKRZT HRIBWNWT NTLW SHR 
WKWKB &L RA$ MGDL SMWK MHMAH H41 . " HKNSIIH $LHM AWLI GDWLH IWTR , 
ABL HSML $LNW GBWH IWTR " , AWMR HMWLH GWSMN MINLBAIIAB . CMRT HMPLGH 
HMQWMIT QIWWTH AWLI LMTN AT HLH@ HLAWMI &L - IDI HKRZT HRIBWNWT . AK 
NRAH $HH$P&H HITH HPWKH . QBWCWT @@RIWT QWRAWT K&T LHQIM BTI - SPR RBIM 
IWTR B$PH H@@RIT , LAP$R XINWK AISLMI LILDIM WLHXLIP AT IWM RA$WN BIWM 
$$I KIWM HMNWXH . HM MQWWIM LN&R AT MILIWNI H@@RIM HXIIM MXWC LRPWBLIQH 
BQRIM , BSIBIR , BHRI AWRAL WBMWSQWWH ( $M XIIM LM&LH M002 ALP @@RIM ) 
, KDI LH$IB AT GDWLTH $L HAWMH H@@RIT . " ANXNW MWKNIM LHIWT HQWRBNWT 
BDRK LRIBWNWT " , AWMRT PAZIH BAIRNWBH MMPLGT H&CMAWT H@@RIT " AI@IPAQ " , 
HM&RIKH $"AP$R GM $DM II$PK " . M&@IM MCPIM L$PIKWT DMIM , ABL KM&@ KWLM 
MCPIM LHZRMT KSPIM RBH IWTR WLSMKWIWT RBWT IWTR . LDBRI PQIDI MM$LH MQWMIIM , 
MP&LIM &L $@X @@RI HRWWIXW B$NH $&BRH SK $L 7 . 3 MILIARD RWBL ( 2 . 
2 MILIARD DWLR ) , $AT KWLM KM&@ LQXH MWSQWWH . QZAN QIBLH BXZRH K5 . 
2 MILIARD RWBL LMIMWN TQCIB HRPWBLIQH . " KMILIARD RWBL P$W@ HLKW LAIBWD " , 
AMR PARI@ GZIZWLIN , SGN IW$B RA$ W&DT HTKNWN HMQWMIT . " ANXNW RWCIM 
LXZQ AT MM$LTNW &L - IDI H&MDT AMC&IM GDWLIM IWTR LR$WTNW " . AMC&IM ALH 
HM NIKRIM : @@RS@N HIA ICRNIT HNP@ H$NIIH BGWDLH BBRIT HMW&CWT W$WKNWT 
BH T$LWBWT &NQ T&$IITIWT , KMW MP&L HMKWNIWT $L QZAN , HMIICR % 52 MKLI 
HRKB $L BRIT HMW&CWT . H$L@WNWT H@@RIIM MQWWIM L$KN& AT MWSQWWH LH&BIR 
LIDIHM AT HB&LWT &L BTI HXRW$T BTMWRH LXLWQT RWWXIM . TWKNIWT GRNDIWZIWT 
ALH HN LPI $&H BBXINT XLWMWT . AN$IM RBIM , @@RIM WRWSIM KAXD , XW$$IM 
$L$L@WNWT HMQWMIIM LA IHIW DI AMC&IM LNIHWL KLKLH MWRKBT . HM MCIINIM 
KI LMM$LT HRPWBLIQH AIN APILW MINIS@RIWN T&$IITI AXD . " KWLM MKIM &L 
HXZH WCWWXIM &L RIBWNWT KLKLIT . ABL AP AXD AINW IWD& AIK LH$IG ZAT " , 
AMR ANDRII GAWWRILWB , &WRK H&ITWN HIWMI " WWCRNAIH QZAN " . " AP 
AXD LA &BD &L KK . AIN LHM $WM TWKNIT " . PQIDIM MQWMIIM AWMRIM $&LIHM 
LHGI& L&SQH &M MWSQWWH LPNI $IWKLW LHTXIL LTKNN AT HKLKLH . ABL AXRIM 
AWMRIM $ZAT BDIWQ HB&IH . RIBWNWT TBIA HKNSWT MS RBWT IWTR WKWX H$P&H 
KLKLI RB IWTR , WLKN HBIWRWQR@IM L&WLM LA I&BIRW AT HMP&LIM L$I@T H$WQ 
HXWP$I . " HM RWCIM L$MWR HKL BIDI HMM$LH BMQWM L&BWR LHPR@H " , AWMR 
SWL@N SLIMZIANWB , MNK"L MP&L MQWMI M$WTP &M PINLND . H$ALH MHW HIQP 
HSMKWIWT $IQBLW H@@RIM MMWSQWWH N$ARH BINTIIM PTWXH . QZAN LHW@H LXTWM 
&L HSKM PDR@IWWI XD$ &M ILCIN ( KMW GM &L HSKM NPRD &M GWRBCWB ) WLHTXIL 
L&BWD . AIN RMZ LKK $XWZH M&IN ZH KBR MWKN &L HNIIR . " ZAT $ALH Q$H 
MAWD " , AWMR BWRIS ZWLW@WXIN , CIR BPRLMN@ HRWSI . " HIA KL KK Q$H 
&D $AI$ AINW RWCH L&LWT LDWKN WLDBR &L KK " . PQIDI MM$LH RWSIM MZHIRIM 
$RIBWNWT LA TBIA &MH RQ BRKH . " HM RWCIM AT HHKNSH $LHM " , AWMR WI@LI 
SIRWBA@QW , SGN IW"R BIT CIRI HLAWMIM BPRLMN@ HRWSI . " ABL HM GM IC@RKW 
&K$IW LMMN B&CMM AT HHWCAWT $LHM " . PQIDIM GM XW$$IM MAPLIIT RWSIM HXIIM 
BQRB MI&W@IM LAWMIIM HMQBLIM AW@WNWMIH . HRWSIM B@@RS@N ICAW LMLXMT XWRMH 
NGD XWQ XD$ HHWPK AT H@@RIT L$PH R$MIT $NIIH BRPWBLIQH . " AIZW TW&LT 
THIH LILDIM $LI M@@RIT BKL MQWM AXR B&WLM ? " $WAL IWRI WWRWNIN , XBR 
PRLMN@ RWSI MQZAN . " AIN $WM @&M LHQIM SBIBNW GDR " . GWRLH $L @@RS@N 
TLWI K&T BMIDH RBH BBWRIS ILCIN . NRAH $BIWRWQR@IM MQWMIIM MAMINIM $HWA 
I&BIR LIDIHM AT MPTXWT HKLKLH . KA$R BIQR BQZAN BAWGWS@ , AWMR IARMQWB , 
" HWA AMR LNW LQXT KMH $ANW IKWLIM " . QBWCWT LAWMIWT @@RIWT PW@RWT 
AMWNH ZAT KNAIWWIT . " ILCIN HWA RQ MHMR " , AMRH PZIH BAIRNWBH . 
" ANXNW NRAH LW MH ZAT RIBWNWT W&L MH HIA &WMDT " . KL &WD ILCIN MTKT$ 
&M GWRBCWB &L RIBWNWT RBH IWTR LRWSIH , HRI HHIGIWN MXIIB $ITMWK BRIBWNWT 
RBH IWTR LNTINIW $LW ABL AS@R@GIH ZAT &LWLH LHIWT TXBWLH ZMNIT . " BM$K 
&$RWT $NIM HIH ILCIN BIWRWQR@ $DBRW HIH XWQ " , AWMR SGN HRQ@WR $L AWNIBRSI@T 
QZAN , MIQRQSIM AWSMNWB . " H$AIPH LCWWT WLPQD HPKH LHRGL . H$ALH 
HIA BAIZW MIDH IKWL ADM LH$TNWT " , WBAIZW MIDH I$R@@ H&TID MXD$ AT MPT 
RWSIH . 

* 

LWQX LH ZMN &D $QWMDIH AI@LQIT ZW MTXILH LHTXMM , WGM AZ HIA BW&RT &L 
A$ Q@NH . AWLM , M$WM $ZW LHBH N&IMH LMDI , AP$R BMIDH MSWIMT LIHNWT 
MXWMH HQWMI . HSR@ , $MBWSS &L MXZH , MPGI$ $$ DMWIWT HMXP$WT AHBH 
BDIRH RWMAIT AXT , WHWA AINNW ZZ MMNH LKL AWRK H&LILH . HXBWRH MWRKBT 
MARB&H GBRIM W$TI N$IM , KWLM C&IRIM WSIMPA@IM WKWLM AN$I TIA@RWN , 
&WBDH HM&NIQH CIDWQ LCBIWN HTIA@RLI $L H&IBWD . HDIRH $IIKT LPRANCSQH , 
WKA$R HSR@ NPTX MTGWRR BH PAWLW , XBRH L$&BR . HIA MGI&H LDIRH LAXR 
SIBWB HWP&WT BRXBI AI@LIH , IXD &M XBR PIIRW . KDI $PRANCSQH LA TX$WB 
$HWA XSR XBRH N$IT , MZMIN PAWLW LDIRH AT SWPI $BH MAWHB XBRW LDIRH , 
GWLIANW KDI $TTXZH LXBRTW HXD$H . HCL& H$$IT BTSBWKT AHBIM ZW HIA ANRIQW , 
XBRW $L PAWLW , $AWLI NIHL RWMN &M PRANCSQH MAXWRI GBW . MSWBK ? LA 
KL KK . WGM LA MM$ BRWMW $L &WLM . Q$H LHTRG$ MH$ALH AM PAWLW WPRANCSQH 
IXZRW LXIWT IXD . AWLM I$ LSR@ XN MSWIM $MKPR &L @RIWWIALIWT MSWIMT ZW . 
HSR@ $IIK LZANR WTIQ $L MXZWT WSR@IM $MPGI$IM QBWCH $L DMWIWT BATR AXD , 
MPRIDIM BINIHM WMAXDIM BINIHM MXD$ BZIWWGIM RWMN@IM XD$IMI$NIM . M$XQI 
AHBH WMQRIWT ALH MTNHLIM KAN BMIDH MSWIMT $L ALGN@IWT W$NINWT , WLPIKK 
ANW MWKNIM LHT&LM MH&WBDH $BDIRH HZW KBR HIINW BMNHA@N , LWNDWN W&RIM 
RBWT NWSPWT . MH $MCIL AT HSR@ HIA H&WBDH $LMRWT AWPIW HBIN - LAWMI ZHW , 
BKL ZAT , SR@ AI@LQI , WHXN HAI@LQI PWRC MMNW BHZDMNWIWT RBWT . GM 
KA$R HDMWIWT AWMRWT M$P@IM , $APILW WWDI ALN LA HIH MTBII$ LHIWT XTWM 
&LIHM , HCLIL HAI@LQI MWSIP LHM MIDH $L SPWN@NIWT WANRGIH $HWPKT AWTM 
LMWCLXIM IWTR MMH $HM BAMT . HDBR NKWN GM LGBI $XQNI HSR@ , WBRA$T LINH 
SS@RI , HMGLMT AT PRANCSQH , WSRGIW QS@LI@W , HMGLM AT DMWTW $L PAWLW . 
QS@LI@W MM$IK MSWRT $L MAHBIM AI@LQIM XBIBIM W&GWMIM , KALH $GILMW B&BR 
ALBR@W SWRDI AW NINW MNPRDI . AT HSR@ BIIM RIQI @WNIACI , BNW $L H$XQN 
HAI@LQI AWGW @WNIACI , $NP@R LPNI IMIM AXDIM . ZHW SR@W HRA$WN KBMAI , 
WI$ M$HW SIMPA@I B&WBDH $HWA BXR LPTWX AT HQRIIRH $LW &M SR@ QAMRI WCNW& 
BAWPIW . I$ LSR@ B&IWT $L QCB WKIWWN , AWLM , HWA M&NIQ BIDWR XBIB 
LMDI , WANW MCLIXIM LHTIIDD &MW W&M DMWIWTIW . 

* 

KWXWT CH"L P&LW BIWM XMI$I BLILH BAZWR AQLIM AL - TWPX , $MWNH Q"M CPWNIT 
LAZWR HBI@XWN BDRWM LBNWN , NGD I&DI MXBLIM MARGWN HXIZBALLH . KWXWT 
CH"L XZRW B$LWM LBSISIHM LAXR $GRMW LBHLH RBH WLBRIXH $L MXBLIM MARGWN 
HXIZBALLH $HTBSSW LAXRWNH MXD$ BKPRIM $MCPWN LAZWR HBI@XWN . HKWXWT KLLW 
XIILI $RIWN , TWTXNIM WSIIRT GB&TI . HM P&LW BKPRIM GIB& , MILQI WMZR&T 
&IN - ABW SWHR , 41 Q"M M&RBIT LGZIN . BMHLK HP&WLH NPG&W WHW$MDW KMH 
I&DIM $$IM$W AT HMXBLIM LICIAH LPIGW&IM BDRWM LBNWN WBI$RAL . XIILI CH"L 
P&LW BTNAI $@X Q$IM BIWTR , BMZG AWWIR SGRIRI WBMRXQ $L 8 Q"M CPWNIT 
M&RBIT LAZWR HBI@XWN . MQWRWT CBAIIM HDGI$W KI HDG$ BP&WLH HIH &L HKNST 
@NQIM L$@X &MWQ BIWTR BTWK LBNWN , PRIST HKWXWT WPGI&H BI&DI MXBLIM BIWM 
AXD . QPIDBINHMQWRWT MSRW KI P&WLT CH"L N&RKH KL HLILH WNPG&W I&DI MXBLIM 
$$IM$W AT ARGWN XIZBALLH KBSISI HTARGNWT WPIGW&IM NGD CH"L WCD"L BAZWR 
HBI@XWN . HMQWRWT MSRW KI HP&WLH HIA HM$K LMDINIWT CH"L BCPWN LNQW@ BP&WLWT 
CBAIWT IZWMWT NGD HTARGNWIWT $L MXBLIM MCPWN LRCW&T HBI@XWN . &ITWNI BIIRWT 
DIWWXW BSWP H$BW& KI XIILI HARGWN H$I&I AML ICAW MBIIRWT LDRWM LBNWN KDI 
LMNW& MXIILI HMILICIH H$I&IT XIZBALLH LHTBSS BDRWM LBNWN . $R HBI@XWN 
M$H ARNS BIQR BIWM XMI$I B$&WT HBWQR BLBNWN WNTN AT HAI$WR HSWPI LBICW& 
P&WLH . $R HBI@XWN QIBL SQIRH MHMPQDIM , BINIHM GM MALWP PIQWD HCPWN 
IWSI PLD . BSWP H$BW& $&BR AMR GWRM CBAI BKIR BPIQWD HCPWN KI H&IIRH 
HNWCRIT GZIN , $MCPWN LRCW&T HBI@XWN , HIA NKS AS@R@GI WASWR $H$LI@H 
BH TCA MIDI CBA DRWM LBNWN . HX$$ BCH"L HWA KI MM$LT LBNWN HPRW - SWRIT 
TNSH LGB$ QWALICIH $L ARGWNIM LBNWNIIM LMLXMH &L MWBL&T GZIN . GM GNRAL 
AN@WAN LAXD , MPQD CD"L , AMR KI BMCB HNWKXI KL &WD AIN MDINH LBNWNIT 
HWA ISRB LKL KNISH $L KWXWT LBNWNIIM LGZIN . GNRL LAXD AMR KI BKL HQ$WR 
ALIW , AIN HBDL BIN GZIN LBIN AZWR HBI@XWN WHWA AINNW MWKN LMSWR MQWM 
AS@R@GI KZH LIDI LBNWN . GWRMIM BKIRIM BCH"L $IBXW AT HKWXWT $P&LW BLBNWN , 
WMTXQIR $N&RK LAXR HP&WLH B&T $$BW HKWXWT L$@X I$RAL , &WLH KI HKWXWT 
P&LW B$ILWB MWCLX . 

* 

KL HQRWB ACL HNW$A IWD& , $MWSIQH HIA AXD HTXWMIM $BHM MCIPH AWTNW H&LIIH 
HXD$H MBRIT - HMW&CWT BAN$I MQCW& M&WLIM , WQLI@TM HI&ILH HIA ATGR Q$H 
WKDAI . K$MDWBR BAMNI - BICW& , I$ LAP$R LHM , QWDM KL , LHWPI& WLHIX$P 
BPNI QHL . &QRWNIT , I$ APWA LBRK &L KL MSGRT HMAP$RT LAMNIM &WLIM L&RWK 
QWNCR@IM WLICWR Q$R &M HQHL HI$RALI , WBKLL ZH &L HSDRH $NPTXH &TH BAWLM 
HQWNSRB@WRIWN BTL - ABIB . &M ZAT BRWR $I$ L&RWK BRIRH MWQDMT $L HAMNIM 
$IWZMNW LHWPI& . HAMNWT AINH MKIRH BPRW@QCIH " . HWP&H $AINH MCDIQH AT 
&CMH MBXINH AMNWTIT , MW@B $LA TI&RK KLL , $KN HIA &W$H $IRWT DB LKL 
HNWG&IM BDBR : LQHL , LMARGNIM , LTDMIT " H&LIIH HMWSIQLIT " , WAWLI 
BRA$ WBRA$WNH , L&WLH &CMW . HWP&TW $L HPSNTRN ALKSNDR GWLD , AXD M$NI 
AMNIM $HWPI&W B&RB HRA$WN BSDRH , HITH DWGMH LHWP&H $AINH MCDIQH AT &CMH . 
BXIRTW BSWN@H $L MWCR@ HITH MW@&IT : BICW&W HIH MKNI WN&DR - H$RAH , 
WCLIL HPSNTR $LW HIH NWQ$H WNQI$TI . AWLI AP$R LTLWT XLQ MN HA$MH BPSNTR 
&CMW , ABL PSNTRN MQCW&I MSWGL LHGMI$ AT AWPI HMG& $LW WLAZN , LPXWT 
XLQIT , AT TKWNWT HKLI . NQI$TIWT ITR N$M&H GM BICIRWT $WPN WLIS@ . 
GWLD H&MID AT &CMW BMBXNM $L ATGRI @KNIQH WMHIRWT $LA &MD BHM . RQ BSWN@H 
$L PRWQWPIIB N@W KPWT HMAZNIIM LCD ZKWT . HWP&T ZMR HBAS BWRIS QRB@ ICQH 
BMAZIN TXW$H BRWRH $L QWRT - RWX . QWLW &MWQ W&$IR , M&NG AT HAWZN WMXMM 
AT HLB . HWA H$TDL LHPGIN MGWWN $L SGNWNWT W$PWT , ALA $HRWSIT $LW DWMINN@IT 
KL - KK $HIA M@MI&H BTWKH KL XWMR ZR . HMDWBR LA RQ BMB@A BMWBN HMCWMCM 
$L HMLH ( KAN $PR IXSIT XLQH $L HAI@LQIT , BARIH MTWK " DWN GWBANI " , 
AK LA BARIH MTWK " N$P HMSKWT " $L WRDI ; HCRPTIT WH&BRIT N$M&W KRWSIT 
LKL DBR ) : NDMH $ACL QRB@ &ICBH H$PH HRWSIT AT MBNH HGRWN WMITRI HQWL , 
WHTHWDH HADIRH HIPHPIH K$L&CMH CWB&T HKL BCB& RWSI IIXWDI . LAMN ZH 
I$ GM AI$IWT TQ$WRTIT XMH WN&IMH , AK LA TMID MGWWNT DI HCWRK B&ICWB 
HDMWIWT WBMSIRT HTKNIM HM$TNIM $L H@QS@IM . GM BICW&I $NI HQ@&IM MTWK 
" BWRIS GWDWNWB " $L MWSWRGSQI $HIW , LLA SPQ , NQWDWT $IA BTWKNIT 
HIW MR$IMIM IWTR BMSIRT HMWSIQH $L MWSWRGSQI W$L H$PH HRWSIT MA$R MBXINH 
DRM@IT - TIA@RLIT . XBL $NGINTW $L HPSNTRN HMLWWH , SMIWN AWMNSQI , 
HITH MNIIRIS@IT WL&TIM C&QNIT . 

* 

B&IQR ACL QWMC MQBLI HHXL@WT BXBRWT HMKIRWT HPWMBIWT . H&QWMH HMB@AT 
AT &RKM $L HCIIRIM HAIMPRSIWNIS@IIM WHAMNIM HMWDRNIIM HGDWLIM BMKIRWT 
$HTQIIMW B"SWTBIS " BLWNDWN IKWLH L$M$ LHMX$T H&NIIN . BMKIRWT " XLQ 
A " , LM$L , HMRKZWT BDRK KLL AT HMBXR $BMBXR , &LIIT HM&WRBWT HIPANIT 
HIA GDWLH BIWTR , LDBRI MIIQL S@RAWS M"SWTBIS " . BNWBMBR 88 RK$W SWXRIM 
WSWKNIM IPANIM 11 TMWNWT B$WWI 3 . 01 MILIWN LI$"@ , MKLL MKIRWT $L 53 
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LQNWT MASKWLWT $P&LW LPNI HAIMPRSIWNIZM AW AXRIW , W$MI@B ICIRWTIHN &DIIN 
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B&LI MWNI@IN MBWSSIM , IQNW ICIRWT $L ALH HNX$BIM L@WBIM IWTR , WLA 
I@LW SIKWNIM . LDBRI AIG GWPR M"SWTBIS " , ICIRWT AMNWT QLASIT IZRMW 
LIPAN BQCB MHIR WBAIKWT GBWHH MKPI $HIH &D KH . 

* 

$R HT&$IIH WHMSXR , M$H NSIM , HB@IX LHIABQ LHWRDT N@L HARNWNH LSQ@WR 
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&M ARGWN SWXRI IRW$LIM . LDBRI H$R , HHLWWAWT $IINTNW L&SQIM Q@NIM BMSGRT 
TWKNITW L&IDWD HH$Q&WT BM$Q MIW&DWT LA RQ LCWRK HQMT &SQIM XD$IM , ALA 
GM LHRXBH $L &SQIM Q@NIM . NSIM AMR &WD KI HWA RWAH BMS M&SIQIM MS M&WWT , 
HM&NI$ &L H&SQT &WBDIM BIMIM $HT&SWQH HIA I&D MRKZI $L HM$Q , WHBI& 
TQWWH $BQRWB IWXL@ BMM$LH &L BI@WLW . 

* 

ZH $NIM XW$$IM BM$@RH MHTPTXWT , $BH IHPWK HDRG HPWLI@I LM&WRB WMNHL 
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$L PIQWD HM$@RH , KMW&MDIM LAII$ AT IXIDT HM@H HMQCW&IT $LW . BM$@RH , 
KAMWR , XW$$IM MM@H - ARCI - &L LID $R HM$@RH . BM$RD HM$@RH MRGI&IM 
KI HCWWT HMQCW&I $IP&L LID H$R LA IT&RB BPIQWD &L HM$@RH . MKL MQWM , 
AXRI $IWQM HM@H HMQCW&I $WB LA THIH L$R HM$@RH XSINWT MPNI AXRIWT LK$LWNWT 
WLMXDLIM $L HM$@RH . HGWRMIM $HIW &LH TANH L$R BPR$T HR HBIT , KMW 
H&DR M@H MQCW&I WAI QIWM KLIM LMIMW$ HAXRIWT HMINIS@RIALIT , $WB LA IHIW 
QIIMIM . 

* 

ZQIM BIDI QRNWT HBI@WX HSWCIALI , PIRSMW RA$I QRN HGMLAWT HMRKZIT KRWZ 
HMPR@ AT HM$M&WT HNWD&T , LD&TM , LC&D ZH &L ZKWIWT HXBRIM . BKRWZ 
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HAWCR IBIAW LAXT M$TI TWCAWT : HPNSIWT IWQ@NW &D KDI % 72 MHRMH $&LIH 
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IHIH TWCAH XIWBIT NWSPT $L HMHLKIM HMTWKNNIM BAWCR BTXWM HNDWN . 

* 

LPNI K$BW&IIM QB& BIT HM$P@ H&LIWN HLKH XD$H , $LPIH AM ADM &WMD &L DWKN 
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HMCB NZIL . 

* 

QWPT XWLIM HKLLIT $INTH AT HT&RIP L$MIRT ZKWIWT HXBRWT BQWPH LIWCAIM LTQWPH 
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HMAMC LHXZIR ALIH XBRIM $&ZBW AWTH BXM$ H$NIM HAXRWNWT . 

* 

$LW$ HMKLLWT LM$P@IM $NPTXW H$NH HBIAW &MN TRWPH MWX$IT LMCWQTM $L ALH 
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BMKLLH LMINHL WANI M$WKN& $HDBRIM NKWNIM GM LGBI HMKLLWT HAXRWT ANI 
IKWL LWMR DBR AXD : MI $MN& MTLMIDIM ALH AT ZKWTM LLMWD MQCW& KXPCM WKRCWNM 
&$H M&$H $AIN LW MXILH WAIN LW KPRH LA MBXINH AQDMIT , LA MBXINH XBRTIT 
WLA MBXINH LAWMIT . 

* 

$R HXQLAWT , RPAL AITN , MTKWWN LH&LWT HIWM BI$IBT HMM$LH AT &NIIN AI - 
TPQWDH $L HMW&CH L&NP HLWL , BGLL H&DR MINWIIM XWQIIM $L XBRI MLIAT HMW&CH . 
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BSIRWBW LXTWM &L HMINWIIM $$R HXQLAWT KBR AI$R . LNWKX $ITWQH HMTM$K $L 
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MILIWN $"X B$NH . AI - XWQIWT HMINWIIM BMW&CH L&NP HLWL MB@LT LM&$H AT 
TQPWTN $L KL HHXL@WT HMTQBLWT BHNHLTH . RQ BAXRWNH QB& BG"C , BHRKB 
H$WP@IM LWIN , ALWNI WBK , KI NISIWNWTIH $L HMW&CH L&NP HLWL LHNHIG 
TLW$IM $I$M$W AT HMGDLIM LRKI$T APRWXIM BMDGRWT AINM XWQIIM , WKI LM&$H 
AIN HIA MWSMKT LNQW@ $WM C&D $I$ BW KDI L$MWR &L HIQPN $L MKSWT HIICWR . 


* 

WMIWXDIM MAWD &M I$RAL . ANW &WMDIM BQ$R HDWQ &M B&LI HTPQIDIM H&IQRIIM 
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LTIAWM &M ARH"B GM MTWK HKRH BAIN@RSIM $L ZW . ABL HIA ZKAIT LGMWL AMRIQAI , 
WAM HHI&RKWT HCBAIT HAMRIQAIT &L ADMT S&WDIH &LWLH LSBK AT I$RAL , AIN 
ZH HWGN LMNW& MMNH AT HMID& H&WMD LR$WT HCBA HAMRIQAI WLQPX BDRK ZW AT 
IKWLT HHTGWNNWT MPNI AWIB HMAIIM &LINW AP IWTR MA$R &L ARH"B . 

* 

HXBRH HKLKLIT $L HTAXDWT HMLWNWT NQL&H LMCB Q$H KTWCAH MIRIDH BHIQP HRKI$WT 
MCD BTI HMLWN , B$L H$PL BTNW&T HTIIRWT MXW"L . HXBRH MSPQT CIWD , 
RKW$ WMZWN LMLWNWT . HB&IH NDWNH BI$IBH SGWRH $L HNHLT HTAXDWT HMLWNWT , 
$HTQIIMH BSWP H$BW& BTL - ABIB . AXD MGWRMI HMLWNAWT HCI& LHIKNS L$WTPWT 
BB&LWT &L HXBRH , AK HWXL@ $LA LMKWR AWTH . &L MNK " LIT HXBRH , MIKL 
&MIR , HW@L LHKIN DW"X NTWNIM MPWR@ LDIWN BDBR MDINIWT HXBRH B$NH HBAH . 
HHNHLH AP DNH BHKNT MSMK BQ$H LSIW& XIRWM MHMM$LH . QPIDBINHTWKNIT $GIB$H 
HTAXDWT HMLWNWT LMNI&T HIPL@WTM $L &WBDIM MQCW&IIM MBTI HMLWN B$L HM$BR 
B&NP HTIIRWT , TWBA HIWM LAI$WR BPNI NCIGI M$RD H&BWDH WHRWWXH , $IRWT 
HT&SWQH , HSTDRWT &WBDI HAIRWX WHBI@WX HLAWMI . &L - PI HTWKNIT $HKIN 
SMNK"L HHTAXDWT , I&QB ABINTN , IICAW LXWP$H LLA T$LWM K%03 &D % 53 MHCWWT 
HQBW& $L BTI HMLWN $HIW MW&MDIM LPI@WRIM B$L CMCWMIM . HXWP$H TIM$K &D 
$$H XWD$IM . BTQWPT HXWP$H I&BRW H&WBDIM QWRSIM LH&$RH WLQIDWM BSIWWG 
HMQCW&I , $IWRKBW M$&WT LIMWD &IWNIWT WM$&WT &BWDH M&$IT . H&WBDIM 
IQBLW BTQWPH ZW DMI AB@LH B$I&WR $L K%07 MM$KWRTM HMMWC&T B$LW$T HXWD$IM 
HAXRWNIM . LH&RKT HHTAXDWT , HSKWMIM $HB@IX M$RD HAWCR LBICW& HTWKNIT 
MAP$RIM , B$LB ZH , LHKLIL BH 500 &WBDIM BMQCW&WT H@BXWT , PQIDWT 
HQBLH W&BWDWT HAXZQH . &M ZAT , NRAH KI HDRI$H LH$TTP BTWKNIT THIH GBWHH 
PI 5 . 

* 

. SPQ AM KR@ST XBRI " KK " KWLLT M&L LALP $MWT , KWLL ALH $N$RW , 
&ZBW AT HARC , AW $@RM HGI&W LGIL HM&NIQ LHM ZKWT HCB&H . BQRIT - ARB& 
WBXBRWN , HM&WZIM $L HTNW&H , $M$M ICAW LPGI&H BRKW$ WLMS& IRIWT BSBIBH 
HM MWNIM &$RWT BLBD . AIK ZH QRH , AM KN , $BHLWWIITW $L KHNA H$TTPW 
02 ALP AI$ ( I$ AWMRIM 51 ALP WI$ HMSTPQIM B01 ALPIM ) . AIPH AWMDN 
HKWX HAMITI , BKR@ST " KK " AW BHLWIIT HMNHIG ? AIN SPQ $HRB - GZ&N 
&LH BMIDT HPWPWLRIWT AXRI $NRCX , LPXWT LTQWPH MSWIMT . IITKN $ALMLA 
HRCX HWA HIH N&LM MHMPH HPWLI@IT HI$RALIT . KK LPXWT NRAH HTHLIK AXRI 
$NPSLH MW&MDWTW LKNST . AK NRAH $AI AP$R L$PW@ AT &WCMTW $LAXR HMWWT 
LPI &WCMT HLWWIITW . LA HITH ZW HHLWWIIH HRA$WNH MSWG ZH BIRW$LIM BXWD$IM 
HAXRWNIM . $NI HN&RIM $NRCXW LPNI K$LW$H XWD$IM LA HIW MNHIGIM $L TNW&H 
WGM LA HXIILT $NDQRH B$KWNT BQ&H . LMRWT $M$PXWT QWRBNWT HRCX HIRW$LMIIM 
HTXNNW $LA IHPKW AT ABLM HKBD LHPGNWT $NAH WGZ&NWT , HIW ALH HPGNWT , 
$&WCMT HR&L HGZ&NI $BHN LA NPLH MZW $BHLWWIIT KHNA . NDMH $XLQ NIKR 
$L HQHL HWA AWTW QHL MM$ , HHWPK KBR LQHL HMTABLIM HQBW& LKL QWRBN XBLH . 
TWCAWT HPWR&NWT HNLWWIT LHLWWIWT - HHPGNH HALH , HIW CNW&WT B$BW& $&BR 
L&WMT HQWDMWT , HWDWT LHI&RKWT NKWNH IWTR $L HM$@RH , $H$KILH LLMWD 
MMXDLIH . I$ LHNIX $RQ M&@IM MQRB QHL HPWR&IM - HMLWWIM HIW MCBI&I KHNA , 
AW MCBI&IW HPW@NCIALIIM . RWBM HM MCBI&I LIKWD , WH$AR TWMKIM BTXIH , 
BCWMT , BMWLDT WB$"S . BQICWR : " HMXNH HLAWMI " BQWALICIH . AIN 
HDBRIM HALH BAIM KDI LHPXIT BMIDT HSKNH $BKHNA XI AW MT W$BTLMIDIW HMAIIMIM 
BNQMH . HM AMNM BRIWNIM STM , AK GM STM BRIWN MSWGL LRCWX , AM AIN 
$WMRIM &LIW . ITRH MZH , LKHNA WL"KK " HITH H$P&H $LILIT BTPI$WT PWLI@IWT 
$L HCIBWR : M&CM QIWMM HM NTNW LGI@IMCIH LMPLGWT KMW TXIH , CWMT , 
AW MWLDT . IXD &M ZH , I$ LH&MID AT KHNA BMQWMW HNKWN , WLA LHNIX LRCX 
WH$LKWTIW L@$@$ ZAT . BSWPW $L DBR HWA HIH LA IWTR MA$R LICN PWLI@I 
LICN MAWS WAPILW MSWKN , AK BKL ZAT LICN . GM LXLQ HQICWNI WHPRIMI@IWWI 
$BCIBWR I$ AINS@INQ@IM BRIAIM LH&RIK AT AI$IWTM $L ALH HRWCIM LKBW$ AT 
LBM . MKAN HCLXTW HAPSIT $L KHNA BGIWS M$TTPIM LASIPWT HPWLI@IWT $LW . 
HIW I$WBIM W$KWNWT GM KALH HMAWKLSIM &L - IDI TWMKIW HPW@NCIALIIM $MSPR 
HPLQ@IM BHM , HQWRAIM LH$TTPWT BPGI$H &M MNHIG " KK " , &LH &L MSPR 
HN&NIM LQRIAH . LA KHNA ICR AT HGZ&NWT $BCIBWR WSPQ AP AM HWSIP LH HRBH . 
HGZ&NWT HI$RALIT HIA TWCR $L HTZWZH HPWLI@IT HMTMDT IMINH , $MSRH AT 
H$L@WN LIDI HLIKWD WHBIAH LIDI HQMT MM$LH LAWMNIT @HWRH . 31 $NWT $L@WNW 
$L HLIKWD PITXW BXLQ GDWL $L HCIBWR TXW$H , KI KL NSIGH MH$@XIM HIA BLTI - 
AP$RIT . LXLQIM BCIBWR HCLIX HLIKWD LH&BIR AP KI &CM DIBWR &L HNSIGH 
HWA BGIDH BR&IWN HCIWNI WBBI@XWN HARC . HIH ZH BLTI NMN& $BPNI XLQ ZH 
$L HCIBWR T&MWD BRIRH AKZRIT , HMWCAT IWM - IWM AT XIZWQH BMCIAWT : 
HM$KW $L HMCB HQIIM M$M&W MLXMH IWM - IWMIT BKL XCR , BKL SWPRMRQ@ . 
LD&T XLQ ZH BCIBWR , AT HMLXMH HZAT AI - AP$R LHPSIQ B$WM HSDR MDINI , 
$KN NSIGH HIA BGIDH , HTABDWT , SWPH $L MDINT I$RAL . WAM HM$K HKIBW$ 
HWA MCB MQWD$ , HMWCA HIXIDI MHMLXMH HMTMDT HZW HWA GIRW$ H&RBIM AW SGIRTM 
BMXNWT RIKWZ WBGI@AWT . ZHW HTRGWM $L SISMT HID HXZQH . KL &WD HAIRW&IM 
BARC WHLXC MBXWC LA IBIAW L$INWI MHWTI BKIWWN HMX$BH HI$RALIT , MSPR 
HDWGLIM BID HXZQH NGD H&RBIM ILK WIGDL . KL ZH HWLID HLIKWD WLA " KK " . 
KHNA LA HCLIX APILW LNCL AT HGL H&KWR HZH . 

* 

BWQR$@ ( &"R W&"C ) . GL $L SKSWKI &BWDH HWLK WMTP$@ BRWMNIH &L RQ& 
MDINIWT HMM$LH HDWGLT BM&BR LKLKLT $WQ . ALPI &WBDIM NRGZIM HPGINW B@IMI$WARH 
BM&RB RWMNIH , $M HXLH HMHPKH NGD CAW$SQW , NGD H&LAWT HMXIRIM HXDWT 
&QB BI@WL HSWBSIDIWT &L MWCRI CRIKH LA XIWNIIM W&L $IRWTIM $WNIM B$BW& 
$&BR . HPGNWT MXAH PRCW GM B@IRGWBIS@H , &IR T&$IITIT BDRWM RWMNIH , 
WB$BW& HBA CPWIWT HPGNWT B&RIM NWSPWT , BMLAWT $LW$ $NIM LHTQWMMWT H&WBDIM 
NGD HM$@R HQWMWNIS@I . SKSWKI H&BWDH HXLW B$BW& $&BR BBWQR$@ BIWZMT HAIGWDIM 
HMQCW&IIM . ALPI &WBDI T&$IIH MMWRMRIM HA$IMW AT MM$LT XZIT HHCLH HLAWMIT 
BHT&LMWT MTQNWT $NW&DW LHGN &L H&WBDIM B&T II$WM HTKNIT HKLKLIT HXD$H . 
PR$NIM MCIINIM KI MAXR $KBR &BRW &L HRWMNIM &$R $NIM $L HIDRDRWT BRMT 
HXIIM , AIN HM MWKNIM L&MWD BTKNIWT CN& XD$WT , HNX$BWT LHKRXIWT BMHLK 
TKNIT HLIBRLIZCIH $L HMXIRIM WHM&BR L$WQ XWP$I . RA$ HMM$LH , P@R RWMAN , 
HMII$M &TH TKNIT $L H&LAWT MXIRIM XRIPWT $LA HIW KMWTN 05 $NH , DXH 
AT GILWII HMXAH WAMR KI AIN BHM X$IBWT . BIWM XMI$I $&BR HTKNSW KMH MAWT 
TW$BIM LCIWN ZKRW $L MLK RWMNIH L$&BR MIKAIL , $HWGLH MN HMDINH B7491 . 
HM QRAW B$MW BKIKR HAWNIBRSI@H BBWQR$@ , $M HTQIIMW KMH HPGNWT AN@I 
MM$LTIWT BIMIM HAXRWNIM . HMPGINIM B&CRT B@IMI$WARH H@ILW MCWR &L M$RDI 
HMM$LH B&IR LM$K KMH $&WT , WMSRW &CWMWT XTWMWT &L - IDI ALPI AN$IM WBHN 
DRI$H LM$AL &M B$ALH AM RWMNIH TWKL LHI$AR RPWBLIQH AW THPWK LMWNARKIH . 
LTNW&T HMXAH HC@RPW GM HAIGWDIM HMQCW&IIM $L H@LWWIZIH . H&WBDIM HPGINW 
LID BNIIN H@LWWIZIH NGD HCNZWRH WNGD SIQWR HXD$WT HNW@H LCD HMM$LH . 

* 

MAXRI M&$I HRCX WHQWLWT CMAI - HDM NPTX H$BW& BKNST PRQ XD$ BWWIKWX HMKRI& 
&L &TID H$@XIM . BGLGWLIM $WNIM HWA MTNHL KBR MAZ HTXIIB MNXM BGIN BHSKMI 
QMP DIIWWID LHSIG AT CH"L WM$H DIIN H&LH AT R&IWN HAW@WNWMIH HXD - CDDIT 
LPL$TINAIM . RQ AHWD AWLMR@ TMK BDIIN . &TH MCDDIM BR&IWNW RBIM . HMCIAWT 
B0991 ICRH QWALICIWT MWZRWT . IWSI $RID WGAWLH KHN WXIIM RMWN WRXB&M 
ZABI B&D SGIRT HQW HIRWQ L&BWDT PW&LIM MH$@XIM BI$RAL . ALH MQWWIM LXLWQT 
HARC BIN $NI H&MIM WALH L@RANSPR $L HPL$TINAIM , ABL TRWPT - HBINIIM 
BDRK LPTRWN H$NWI BMXLWQT AXIDH . &TH &LTH &L HPRQ HC&T GD I&QWBI , 
$XRP MTINWTH HS&IRH AT SI&WT HLIKWD WHM&RK : LA SGIRH MIIDIT $L HQW HIRWQ , 
ALA BHDRGH ; LA NSIGH MLAH $L CH"L MH$@XIM , ALA HI&RKWT MXD$ , WLA 
HSTLQWT MKL AXRIWT , ALA BHWD&H MTWKNNT MRA$ . ICXQ RBIN MIHR LHSTIIG . 
HWA NGD NSIGH BLI M$A WMTN . KAILW $KX ALW Q$IIM H&RIM BMRWCT H$NIM 
&L M$A WMTN HN &M XWSIIN , HN BQBI&T HRKB HM$LXT HPL$TINAIT . &TH NTMK 
B&MDTW &L - IDI KL HNICIM WXLQ MHIWNIM HMHSSIM BM&RK , $HWRW LI&QWBI 
L&KB AT HDIWN BMLIAT HKNST , &D $I$QLW AT HC&TW BINM LBIN &CMM . MXRTIIM 
IWKR& GWRLH BSI&H . GM BLIKWD NZ&QW . BNI BGIN HZDRZ LMTWX &LIH $L$WM 
BIQWRT NWQBT B"GRWSLM PWS@ " . HWA MCA BH MQSM - $WWA , KI BLI NWKXWT 
CH"L LA IWKL H$B"K L&$WT AT MLAKTW HXIWNIT , WBKLL IIWWCR B$@XIM XLL 
RIQ $IGRWM LLBNWNIZCIH $L HMCB . MSIRT NIHWL HXIIM LRA$I H&RIM , SBWR 
BGIN BRIXWQ - MH MHSKM QMP DIIWWID , LA T$XRR AT I$RAL MHAXRIWT LTWHW 
WBWHW $I$RWR $M . ABL MH HWA XW$B QWRH $M &K$IW ? MI $WL@ BQASBH $L $KM 
BRWB $&WT HIMMH ? MI RWCX WM@IL AT XITTW &L TW$BI HKPRIM ? &D KDI KK 
$APILW BBDIQH BKNISH LKLA - GNIN AIN XW$$IM &WD BNI M$PXWT HASIRIM LRCWX 
SWHR . QSMH $L HC&T I&QWBI MDAIG AT MNHIGI HLIKWD . RQ XLQM WRBIN BRA$ 
NICI HM&RK MM$IKIM LHAMIN , KI H$LI@H B$@XIM HIA NKS . GM @&NT BGIN , 
KI MSIRT H$L@WN HMQWMI LRA$I H&RIM LA TP@WR AT I$RAL MAXRIWT LMTRX$ $M , 
AINH MDWIQT . MI $AINW $WL@ AINW NDR$ LDIN WX$BWN . BGIN WRBIN NZ&QW 
LA MPNI $TKNIWT I&QWBI WRMWN AINN M&$IWT . HM XW$$IM MHISWDWT HMCIAWTIIM 
$L HTKNIT . MPNI $HIA MXIIBT LAP$R LPL$TINAIM LNHL AT XIIHM B&CMM , 
LGIIS HWN ZR WLH$QI& BXINWK WBBRIAWT WBBI@XWN - PNIM BLTI MZWIN WLICWR 
BSIS HNHGTI LNIHWL M$A WMTN MDINI &M I$RAL &L PTRWN HQB& . KAXRAIM LXIIHM 
LA IWKLW &WD LHIWT $BWIIM BS&RT - HDMIM $L H@RWR HPL$TINI . HM IXTRW 
LKINWN MDINH &CMAIT WRIBWNIT M$LHM , $TWQM RQ AM TQBL &L &CMH MGBLWT , 
HNWB&WT MCRKI HBI@XWN HXIWNIIM $L I$RAL L@WWX RXWQ . HC&T I&QWBI APILW 
MTWNH MDI BXTIRTH HRWPPT LASWR KNIST PW&LIM MH$@XIM . AWLI AIN GM HKRX 
BHI&RKWT MXD$ BIHWDH , $WMRWN W&ZH . I$ CWRK BNWKXWT CH"L LAWRK NHR 
HIRDN , HBQ&H WRA$I HHRIM LMNI&T XDIRT N$Q KBD ; BM$MR XD - IWMI LAW@WBWS 
H&W$H DRKW LHTNXLWIWT , WBP&ILWT SMWIH $L H$B"K , $AKN ISKL PXWT M&$I 
@RWR MA$R &TH , ABL BMH ZH R& MHMCB HNWKXI ? HRI M&BR HPW&LIM H&RBIM 
L&BWDH BI$RAL , $HWA MWCDQ WHKRXI KL &WD AIN MNIXIM LHM LPTX MQWRWT T&SWQH 
KAWWT NP$M B$@XIM , GWRM LHRG IWTR IHWDIM WPL$TINAIM MKL XWLIIT @RWR . 
ZH BWWDAI NKWN LGBI RCW&T &ZH . MI $LA IBWA MXAN IWNS LA$QLWN LA IDQWR 
WLA IIDQR . XIL HIM IP@RL LAWRK XWPI HRCW&H WIB@IX KI LA IWKNS ALIH N$Q 
AR@ILRI . CH"L KBR HTNSH BKK BLBNWN . &M T&WZH WNKWNWT LHTN&R M$GRT " HP$RH 
H@RI@WRIALIT $L HM&RK WM"$TI GDWT LIRDN $L HLIKWD AP$R LNSWT DRK XD$H . 


* 

BHTIIXSW LM&RKT HIXSIM HNWKXIT BIN I$RAL WARCWT HBRIT , H&DIP KTBW $L 
HWWL S@RI@ ZWRNL BI$RAL LHTMQD DWWQA BRWGZ , $HBI&W BPNIW PQIDIM BKIRIM 
BIRW$LIM , &L KK $HMM$L AINW M$TP AT I$RAL BTWKNIWTIW HAS@RA@GIWT WHCBAIWT 
BMPRC . AI$ AINW MKXI$ , KI MAZ PRC HM$BR BMPRC , NMN& HMM$L HAMRIQAI 
MLQIIM &M I$RAL DIALWG AS@RA@GI . HM$BXIM AT I$RAL &L GI$T " HPRWPIL 
HNMWK " $HIA NWQ@T , MT&LMIM MH&WBDH $B&CM AIN HMM$L MWTIR LH BRIRH 
AXRT . BAWPN PRDWQSLI , NWCR MCB $BW ARH"B MTXMQT MLQIIM DIALWG BRMH 
HAS@RA@GIT DWWQA &M HMDINH HIXIDH BMZRX HTIKWN &MH I$ LH HSKM XTWM L$ITWP 
P&WLH AS@RA@GI . L&WMT ZAT , &M MDINWT &RBIWT , WBHN KALW $&D LPNI KMH 
XWD$IM HWGDRW K&WINWT , MQIIM HMM$L DW$IX $W@P BRMH HAS@RA@GIT W$ITWP 
P&WLH CBAI HDWQ LLA TQDIM . BIRW$LIM I$ HQWB&IM AMNM , KI DWWQA AIRW&I 
HMPRC HBHIRW AT X$IBWTH $L I$RAL KNKS AS@RA@GI AK &WBDH HIA , $&M I$RAL 
MQIIM HMM$L DIWNIM $W@PIM AK WRQ BRMH HBIWRWQR@IT . BHI&DRM $L DW$IX 
AS@RA@GI AMITI WTIAWM AWPR@IWWI , BTQWPH $L MTX BI@XWNI GBWH , @MWNH 
SKNT HXRPH BIXSIM BIN $TI HMDINWT . D"R $I PLDMN , MHMRKZ LMXQRIM AS@RA@GIIM 
BAWNIBRSI@T T"A , @W&N KI I$RAL &LWLH LMCWA &CMH MWA$MT KMI $HCITH BP&WLWTIH 
AT NICWC HMLXMH BMPRC , MBLI LHTX$B BAIN@RSIM $L ARH"B , WKMI $GRMH 
LAWBDN XII XIILIM AMRIQAIM RBIM . MQWRH $L HSKNH H@MWNH BMCB HQIIM HWA 
BHKRH BKK $I$RAL TIALC LHGIB BPRWPIL GBWH MAWD , KPI $KBR HBHIR $R HBI@XWN , 
&L KL PGI&H &IRAQIT B$@XH . APILW PGI&TW $L @IL &IRAQI AXD BLBD BGW$ 
DN TXIIB P&WLH CBAIT I$RALIT BHIQP M$M&WTI . TGWBTH $L I$RAL , GM 
AM LA TTKWWN LKK , &LWLH LHWBIL LHTLQXWT MLXMH KWLLT BMPRC . BMQRH KZH , 
BHI&DRW $L TIAWM MWQDM BIN I$RAL LARH"B , &LWL HCBA HAMRIQAI LSPWG ABIDWT , 
$IWGDRW &L IDI MPQDIW KMIWTRWT WNWB&WT MH&WBDH $LA HM QB&W AT &ITWIH 
$L HMLXMH . XWGIM BKIRIM BM$RD HBI@XWN @&NW BSWP H$BW& , KI AIN KL CWRK 
LHGI& &M HAMRIQAIM LTIAWM MRA$ , BDRG HMDINI H&LIWN , BKL HAMWR BMHLKIM 
HAS@RA@GIIM $L $TI HMDINWT , HCPWIIM BMQRH $L HTLQXWT . BBWA HRG& HMTAIM , 
@&NW , II&$H HTIAWM . HB&IH HIA $BMQRIM KALH QIIMT SKNH $L HIDRDRWT 
KH MHIRH BMCB , $LA TWTIR AP$RWT LBC& TIAWM MRA$ . TGWBH CBAIT I$RALITTXIIB 
KMWBN P&ILWT MBC&IT BAZWR , HMCWI BKISWI MWDI&INI AMRIQAI , $BW @SIM 
MAWT M@WSI QRB AMRIQAIIM , BRI@IIM , CRPTIIM WS&WDIIM . XWSR TIAWM 
MRA$ $L P&WLH KZAT &M HPIQWD HCBAI HAMRIQAI BMPRC &LWL LGRWM LASWNWT , 
$LAWRM TIRAH PR$T HPCCT HSPINH LIBR@I , WHZ&M HAMRIQAI $HWPNH NGD I$RAL 
B&QBWTIH , KM$XQ ILDIM . H&BRTM $L TCLWMI LWWIINI HRIGWL HAMRIQAIIM 
LI$RAL 42 $&WT LAXR $CWLMW , AINH MHWWH PTRWN LB&IH HMBC&IT $TT&WRR &M 
PRWC P&WLWT HAIBH BAZWR . AWLM , AIN HMDWBR RQ BTIAWM MRA$ $L HMHLKIM 
HCBAIIM H&TIDIIM . I$ X$IBWT MRWBH LH$GT HSKMH BIN $TI HMDINWT BDBR I&DIH 
HAS@RA@GIIM $L I$RAL BMQRH $L HIDRDRWT CBAIT BAZWR . BQRB $NI HMM$LIM , 
BIRW$LIM WBWWA$ING@WN , $WRRT HHKRH , KI GM AM TIMN& ARH"B MLHKWT HP&M 
AT CBA &IRAQ , LA IXLWP ZMN RB &D $I$RAL TIALC L&$WT ZAT B&CMH . HAIWM 
H&IRAQI HMT&CM WHX$$ MPNI H$LMT TWKNIWTIW HGR&INIWT $L SDAM XWSIIN MKRSMIM 
BKWX HHRT&H HI$RALIT KK $AINM MAP$RIM LH LH$LIM L@WWX ARWK &M HPRT MAZN 
HKWXWT BINH WBIN MDINWT HXZIT HMZRXIT . AIN MDWBR HP&M B&WD P&WLH KIRWRGIT 
DWGMT H$MDT HKWR BBGDD . BIDI I$RAL AMC&IM MGWWNIM LBC& ZAT . TPQIDM 
$L MQBLI HHXL@WT BI$RAL LHBHIR LRA$I HMM$L BWWA$ING@WN AT HSIKWNIM H@MWNIM 
BHI&DR HTIAWM BIN $TI HMDINWT , H&LWLIM LHWBIL L$IMW$ BAWTM AMC&IM . 
GM MBXINTW $L BW$ RCWIH HIDBRWT , $PIRW$H PIQWX WBQRH &L BTHBRIT HBLTI 
CPWIH . CRIK LQWWT $HSKMH &L HIDBRWT M&IN ZW TW$G H$BW& , BMHLK $IXWTIH 
BWWA$ING@WN $L M$LXT M$RD HBI@XWN , BRA$WT HMNK"L DWD &BRI . HM$LXT 
ICAH AMNM LARH"B K$&L SDR HIWM B&IQR NW$AI RK$ WTQCIB , AK AIN SPQ KI 
AN$IH INSW LHXIWT AT HDIALWG HAS@RA@GI GM BKL HAMWR BM$BR HMPRC . 

* 

HPIQWX &L HBNQIM BWXN BIMIM ALH MXD$ NIHWLM $L TIQI H$Q&WT BM@B& XWC BM&RKT 
HBNQAIT . HBDIQH MTBC&T KTWCAH M$TI PR$WT HHSTBKWT HAXRWNWT BBNQ AIGWD , 
HNWG&WT LNIHWL TIQI HH$Q&WT $L HLQWXWT . BPR$H HRA$WNH NX$PH M&ILH $L 
MNHL SNIP BNTNIH , $HSBH NZQIM HNAMDIM B02 MILIWN $"X . HPR$H H$NIIH 
AIR&H B$BW&IIM HAXRWNIM , K$LQWX HBNQ , DWD ZIMND , HGI$ TBI&H $L 8 
MILIWN MARQ GRMNI NGD HBNQ . ZIMND , $TIQ HH$Q&WT $LW NWHL BBNQ AIGWD 
BNAMNWT &IWWRT ( " DISQRCIH " ) , PNH LBIT HM$P@ , BNIMWQ $TIQ HH$Q&WT 
$LW NWHL BCWRH R$LNIT . $TI PR$WT ALH LA HIW NX$PWT ALMLA HXLI@H HNHLT 
BNQ AIGWD LBC& " @IPWL $WR$ " , WLA LHSTIR AT XWMRT HMCB , BNSWTH LCMCM 
AT HSTBRWT HTRX$WTM $L MQRIM DWMIM B&TID . BMSGRT HC&DIM $L HNHLT BNQ 
AIGWD KBR HWXL@ $HBNQ IPSIQ L&SWQ BNIHWL TIQI H$Q&H BNAMNWT &IWWRT . 
BHNHLT BNQ AIGWD M&RIKIM KI HNZQ $&LWL LHIGRM MHM$K NIHWLM $L TIQI H$Q&WT 
BM@B& XWC BDISQRCIH I&LH &L HTW&LT . HNZQ $KBR NGRM I$TQP BDW"XWT HBNQ 
LRB&WN H$LI$I $L 0991 , $ITPRSMW B$BW& HBA . NRAH $LBNQ AIGWD IHIH HPSD 
HN BT$&H HXWD$IM HRA$WNIM $L 0991 , WHN BRB&WN H$LI$I $L H$NH . HMPQX 
&L HBNQIM , AMNWN GWLD$MID@ , QIBL BIMIM HAXRWNIM PR@IM &L $TI HPR$WT 
MBNQ AIGWD . BPIQWX &L HBNQIM &DIIN LWMDIM AWTM LCWRK HSQT MSQNWT AP$RIWT . 
&DIIN LA HXLI@W $M SWPIT &L NWHLIM XD$IM BKL HNWG& LNIHWL TIQI H$Q&WT 
BM@B& XWC . BNQIM NWSPIM NICLW AT IWZMT HNHLT BNQ AIGWD LX$IPT $TI HPR$WT , 
KDI LR&NN AT NWHLI HBQRH WPIQWX ACLM . BAXRWNH HT&WRRW SIMNI $ALH BIXS 
LI&ILWT NIHWL TIQI H$Q&WT BM@B& XWC BNAMNWT &IWWRT BQRB BNQIM ALH . 

* 

TMWNH RQ K$HMHLKIM HM LQRAT SIWM . BMSGRT HM&QB H$W@P PG$ NSIM LPNI $BW&IIM 
AT ( $"S ) BKNST W$AL AWTW : MH QWRH ? ANI $WM& $ATM HWLKIM LHCBI& 
AI AMWN BMM$LH . MBLBLIM LKM AT HMWX , HMM$LH LA TIPWL , H$IB LWI . 
BLIKWD SWMKIM B&IQR &L HQWNPLIQ@ $$"S NQL&H ALIW . K$HIA &W$H $RIR , 
NRTMT AGWDT I$RAL L@WBT HMM$LH WAZ H$RIR MTRWPP . B$"S GM IWD&IM $IQ$H 
&L , WBIILIN L$KN& AT H$MAL LMHLK NWSP $L HPLT HMM$LH &M MPLGH $MTNHLT 
NGDH XQIRH BM$@RH . HLIKWD BMQRH KZH IICA @WB , KI IWPI& KMGN HXWQ WKMI 
$MQPID &L QIWM HNWRMWT $L MINHL TQIN BMDINH . LMRWT H$ANNWT HZAT HZDMN 
BLWB$@IIN BIWM XMI$I HAXRWN , BTZMWN MDWIQ , LPTXW $L BIT ASIH BTL - 
ABIB , K$HGI&W L$M HX"KIM LI$IBT W&DT HKSPIM BM$RDI HBNQ LPITWX HT&$IIH . 
B&WD X"K LWI MXNH AT RKBW , CI@@ BAWZNIW BLWB$@IIN KWTRT $HTPRSMH BAWTW 
IWM B&ITWN , LPIH $"S NMCAT BHIKWN WMXKH L&ITWI HMTAIM LHPIL AT HMM$LH . 
" AILW RCINW BAMT LHPIL AT HMM$LH " , AWMR LWI L"HARC " , " IKWLNW L&$WT 
GLIM AMITIIM WLA MLAKWTIIM " . BIILIN , HAI$ $MAXWRI HMHLKIM &M $"S WAGWDT 
I$RAL , MTWAR BIMIM HAXRWNIM KDMWT $NBL&T BIN HMWN XRDIM . HWA MSTWDD 
ATM BXDRW BKNST WBMLWN " LRWM " BIRW$LIM , M$M NRQXIM HMHLKIM HPWLI@IIM . 
BRAIIT &WLMW HPWLI@IT AIN RG& MT , MSBIRIM XBRIW , KI BIILIN HIH @RWD 
H$BW& MKDI LH$IB &L $ALWT BNW$A ZH . AXT MHN , LM$L , HIA MDW& HXLI@ 
BMX$BH CLWLH LNHL MW"M &M AGWDT I$RAL , LMRWT $ID& $ZH I$M$ QLP MIQWX 
LAGWDH WISII& LH LH$IG IWTR MHLIKWD B&T XTIMT HHSKM . BIILIN HXLI@ &L 
C&D ZH , KI I$ AL@RN@IWWH GRW&H IWTR MBXINTW LHI&LM MHPWLI@IQH . BAWPN 
KZH " ZH NHNH ( AGWDH ) WZH LA XSR ( BIILIN ) " , MSBIR MTWK HHLKH 
AXD HX " KIM HXRDIM H$WTP BMG&IM . QPKWTHIH LI P&M XBR GIAWLWG , SIPR 
X"K D"R BSWP H$BW& , $HIH MPRSM MXQRIM BLI LBDWQ L&WMQ AT HMMCAIM . 
K$H&RTI LW , AMR LI : MH AKPT LK . TKTWB MAMR $MPRIK AT MMCAI WAZ 
GM LK IHIH PRSWM WGM LI IHIH PRSWM . BGIN BIQ$ LHTIIXS LDBRIM $HTPRSMW 
KAN BIWM XMI$I HAXRWN , WNISW , LDBRIW LHRHR &L HIXSIM BIN $MIR L . 
ZAT B&QBWT HRAIWNWT $H&NIQ $MIR LRGL IWM HWLDTW H57 , WH&WBDH $$MIR 
LA BIQR AT BGIN BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM . " AINNI IKWL LH&ID BMQWMM " , AWMR 
BGIN , " ABL LMH LI LHRXIQ AL $NIHM , K$ANI IKWL LH&ID MHNISIWN $L 
&CMI . IXSI HXIWBI WHXM AL $MIR AINW MWTNH BKMWT HP&MIM $ANI MWZMN ALIW . 
ANI NPG$ &M $MIR L&TIM LA QRWBWT WHIXSIM $LNW MCWINIM . LA KL ADM AWHB 
$THIH SBIBW HMWLH , WLP&MIM ALH $MBQRIM KWPIM &CMM " . 

* 

Q@MANDW ( &"C W&"R ) . HMLK BIRNDRH HKRIZ BIWM $$I &L XWQH XD$H LNPAL , 
HMB@IXH LMMLKH M$@R DMWQR@I RB - MPLGTI WMGBILH AT SMKWIWT HMLK . " XWQH 
ZW MB@IXH BCWRH HBRWRH BIWTR AT HXWP$ HAI$I WAT ZKWIWT HADM " , AMR HMLK 
BNAWM $NM$K $LW$ DQWT BLBD BARMWN HMLKWTI WA$R $WDR LKL H&M HNPALI HMWNH 
71 MILIWN NP$ . HXWQH HXD$H MTBSST &L HDGM HBRI@I . HMLK , $B&INI NPALIM 
RBIM MGLM AT HAL " WI$NW " BDT HHINDIT , IQBL AT TPQID $L IW&C LMM$LH . 
" LBIT HMLWKH N$ART HZKWT $L QBLT MID& $W@P , HZKWT L&WDD WHZKWT LHZHIR 
AT HMM$LH " , NAMR BXWQH HXD$H . QPIDBINHMLK BIRNDRH HSKIM LB@L AT HXWQH 
HI$NH LAXR HPGNWT SW&RWT LM&N HDMWQR@IH BXWD$ APRIL , A$R GRMW LHPLT 
RA$ HMM$LH BW BXR HMLK WBMQWMW QMH MM$LH ZMNIT . S&IP MPTX BMSMK HXWQTI 
MXIIB AT HMLK " LCIIT LXWQH WLHGN &LIH " . &L PI HXWQH HI$NH &MD HMLK 
M&L LXWQH . HMLKH AII$WWARIH , $HMWNIM HPGINW NGD H&SQWT $LH BAPRIL , 
LA NKXH B@QS BW N$A HMLK AT HNAWM BARMWN HMLKWTI . GM NSIK HKTR DIPNDRH , 
BN 02 , LA NRAH BHIKL . 

* 

HIXIDH HMRKZIT $L M$@RT MXWZ TL ABIB H&BIRH LPRQLI@WT AT TIQ HXQIRH NGD 
$LW$H M&WBDI BNQ LAWMI , HX$WDIM KI $ITQW AT &BWDT HMX$B HMRKZI $L HBNQ 
LPNI K$BW&IIM WXCI . HTIQ KWLL HMLCWT LH&MID LDIN AT ARIH AI$ - $LWM , 
XBR W&D HTP&WL , HX$WD BBICW& HXBLH BMX$B , WKN AT $NI HMTKNTIM IWXNN 
KRMI WAWRN IRQWNI , BX$D $SII&W LAI$ - $LWM BKK $HSBIRW LW KICD LBC& 
AT HNITWQ . BIWM RBI&I LPNI $BW&IIM WXCI H$&TH HNHLT BNQ LAWMI ARB&H XBRI 
W&D , BINIHM AI$ - $LWM , M$WM $MN&W HWCAT CIWD LCWRK HQMT GIBWI LMX$B 
HMRKZI . B&QBWT ZAT HXLI@ W&D HTP&WL LNQW@ &ICWMIM , WH&WBDIM HPSIQW 
L&BWD . MWR$I HXTIMH WHMNHLIM LA $ITPW P&WLH &M HWW&D WHM$IKW LHP&IL 
AT HMX$B . LPT& HITH " NPILH " BMX$B . AGP HBIQWRT $L HBNQ , $BDQ 
AT HTQLH , GILH KI HNPILH NGRMH &QB XBLH MKWWNT , $$IB$H AT M&RKT HQ$R 
BIN MSWPI HMX$BIM BSNIPI HBNQ LBIN HMX$B HMRKZI . HNHLT HBNQ HTLWNNH 
BM$@RH . $LW$T HX$WDIM HWDW BM&$H BMHLK HXQIRH HM$@RTIT . 

* 

HIWM AMWR LHGI& ARCH MMCRIM N$IA XBRT HTIIRWT AMIN @WRS , AMIN $BRAWWI , 
KDI LDWN BMXLWQT KSPIT &M XBRT HTIIRWT HI$RALIT @IWLI HGLIL . HXBRH HMCRIT 
@W&NT KI @IWLI HGLIL XIIBT LH 016 , 601 DWLR . L@&NT $BRAWWI , LAXR 
$KL MAMCIW LGBWT AT HXWB &LW BTWHW , HWA PNH L$GRIRWT I$RAL BQHIR . 
H$GRIRWT &IDKNH AT M$RD HXWC BIRW$LIM B&NIIN HXWB , KDI LMNW& HTPTXWTH 
$L TQRIT MBIKHMNK"L XBRT @IWLI HGLIL , &ZRA BN DWRI , HBI& MCDW NKWNWT 
LSIIM AT HMXLWQT . 

* 

&WBDI MGN DWD ADWM MAIIMIM LH$BIT HXL MHIWM BHDRGH AT TXNWT MD"A BRXBI 
HARC . AM &D HIWM B$&H 00 . 01 LA IQBLW H&WBDIM AT M$KWRT AWQ@WBR BMLWAH , 
I$BITW AT HTXNH B&KW WMXR HM MTKWWNIM LH$BIT GM AT TXNT MD"A BRXWBWT . 
H&WBDIM MWXIM &L KK $$WLMH LHM RQ MXCIT M$KWRT AWQ@WBR WLA NRAH SIKWI 
B$LB ZH LT$LWM HMXCIT H$NIIH . W&D H&WBDIM MM$IK LMNW& MMNK"L MD"A , 
D"R NTN KHN , MLHIKNS LBNIIN HM$RDIM . BKNISH LMRKZ MD"A BTL - ABIB 
IM$IKW H&WBDIM LQIIM M$MRWT MXAH . L&WBDIM B$@X NITNH HWRAH LA L$TP P&WLH 
&M HMNK"L &D LHWD&H XD$H . LAWR HWD&T M$RDI HBRIAWT WHAWCR LN$IA MD"A , 
PRWP ARIH HRAL WLWW&D H&WBDIM KI LA IW&BR MIMWN LT$LWM HM$KWRWT L&WBDI 
MD"A , KL &WD LA IAW$R BKNST XWQ LTIQWN MD"A , HWDI&W H&WBDIM KI HBWQR 
GM ITKNSW LHXLI@ &L HXRPT H&ICWMIM &D LH$BTH $L KL H$IRWT . ICWIN KI M$RD 
HBRIAWT AINW AXRAI &L MIMWNW $L MD"A . HM$RD H&BIR LMD"A , &D HIWM , 
AT KL HSKWMIM HMGI&IM L$IRWT LMPR& , &D SWP H$NH , BGIN RKI$T $IRWTIM 
$WNIM . HXWQ LA MAP$R KIWM L$R HBRIAWT , AHWD AWLMR@ , LHT&RB BNIHWL 
$IRWT HHCLH . W&DT H&BWDH WHRWWXH $L HKNST BRA$WT X"K AWRH NMIR AI$RH 
TIQWN LXWQ MD"A , HAMWR LAP$R L$R LHT&RB BNIHWL H$IRWT , AWLM LXC &L 
IW"R HWW&DH MCD XBRIM MSI&WT HAWPWZICIH $LA LTT KWX BIDI H$R AWLMR@ , 
MWN& B$LB ZH H&BRT HXWQ LQRIAH $NIIH W$LI$IT BMLIAH . MD"A NQL& LQ$IIM 
KSPIIM &QB GIR&WN $CBR BSKWM $L 03 MILIWN $QLIM . TIQWN HXWQ IAP$R L$R 
HBRIAWT LBC& RH - ARGWN B$WRWT MD"A , KDI LHP&IL TWKNIT HBRAH WLII&L 
AT H$IRWTIM KDI $I&NW &L DRI$WT H&ZRH HRA$WNH KIWM . IW"R W&DT HKLKLH 
X"K $W$NH ARBLI - ALMWLZINW ( M&RK ) HGI$H HC&H DXWPH LSDR HIWM BNW$A 
AI T$LWM M$KWRWT L&WBDI MD"A . X"K ARBLI AMRH KI XWSR HIKWLT $L HHNHLH 
L$LM BMW&D , HIA TWCAH $L HTNKLWT M$RD HBRIAWT LMWSD WL&WBDIW . &L PI 
HMID& HMCWI BIDIH M&KB $R HBRIAWT H&BRT KSPIM HMGI&IM LMD"A KDI LLXWC 
&L W&DT H&BWDH WHRWWXH LA$R XWQ $HWC& &L IDI $R HBRIAWT HMB@L AT &CMAWT 
MD"A KARGWN WWLWN@ARI . IW"R W&DT H&BWDH WHRWWXH , X"K AWRH NMIR AMRH 
BTGWBH : " TIQWN XWQ MD"A NWTN SMKWIWT LLA TQDIM L$R HBRIAWT . LKN 
&D $HAWCR LA I&MWD BHB@XTW KI LAXR HXQIQH I&BIR AT HKSPIM HNXWCIM LHBRAT 
MD"A , LA NWKL LA$R AT HXWQ " . X"K NMIR HWSIPH KIQPIDBINHHSTDRWT HRPWAIT 
HXLI@H BSWP H$BW& LHPSIQ LNHL MW"M &M HAWCR &L HSKM $KR XD$ L$NIM 09911991 
&L BSIS HMLCWT " W&DT ZWSMN " . ZAT LAXR $HWBRR KI BM$K ARB&H XWD$IM 
$L MW"M LA ZZ HAWCR M&MDTW LGRWM LPGI&H BH$TKRWT HRWPAIM BMDINH . HSTDRWT 
HRWPAIM HSKIMH LHIWT HAIGWD HMQCW&I HRA$WN LII$WM HMLCWT W&DT ZWSMN WNIG$H 
LMW"M MTWK RCWN L$ITWP P&WLH &M HAWCR . AWLM LAXR $HWBRR KI HKWWNH HIA 
LGRWM LHQ@NT H$TKRWT % 03 MCIBWR HRWPAIM BSDR GWDL $L % 01 &D % 73 MHKNSTM , 
WAI NKWNWT LHBIA LH$WWAT TNAI &BWDH WH$KR $L HRWPAIM BKL M&RKT HBRIAWT 
BMDINH ( B&IQR BIN TNAI &BWDT RWPAI BTI HXWLIM HMM$LTIIM LALW HNHWGIM 
BQWPT XWLIM HKLLIT ) , HWXL@ LHPSIQ AT HMW"M WLPTWX BMABQ KDI LHB@IX 
H$TKRWT HWLMT LCIBWR HRWPAIM BMDINH . BMN$R LRWPAIM $$LX BSWP H$BW& IW"R 
HWW&DH HMQCW&IT BHSTDRWT HRPWAIT , D"R IWRM BL$R , NQB& KI HH$TKRWT 
HMMWC&T $L RWPAIM MNHLIM BKIRIM BM&RKT HBRIAWT BXWD$ SP@MBR 0991 HIA 050 , 
01 $QL , $KRW $L MNHL MXLQH 685 , 7 $QL , $L MWMXH BKIR 836 , 5 $QL . 
SKWMIM ALW KWLLIM KWNNWIWT . AWLM $KR ZH AINW KWLL AT HTWSPT &BWR QICWR 
TWRIM . HAWCR MCI& KI $KRM $L B&LI TPQIDIM ALW INW& BIN 191 , 5 LMWMXH 
BKIR L 592 , 6 LMNHL BKIR . BNWSP LKK MCI& HAWCR LB@L AT HHKNSH MMBC& 
QICWR TWRIM , C&D $AMWR LHQ@IN AT HKNSTM BSKWM NWSP $N& BIN 000 , 1 L500 , 
1 $QLIM LXWD$ . HC&T HAWCR , &L PI NTWNI HR"I , HIA L$PR AT HKNSTM $L 
MWMXIM , MTMXIM WS@AZRIM , HMHWWIM K%56 MCIBWR HRWPAIM BIN % 3 . 1 L%2 . 
HKNSTW $L MWMXH &L PI NTWNI HR"I HIA 677 , 4 $QLIM LXWD$ WHAWCR MCI& 
LH&MIDH &L 509 , 4 $QLIM ( KWLL KWNNWIWT ) , HC&H NWSPT $L HAWCR HIA 
LH&LWT AT $KR HMTMXH M086 , 3 $QLIM L 247 , 3 $QLIM LXWD$ , W$L HS@AZR 
M132 , 2 L162 , 2 $QLIM LXWD$ . L&WMT ZAT MCI& HAWCR L$XWQ B%8 AT $KRW 
$L MTMXH MTXIL $HKNSTW HHMWC&T HIWM HIA 825 , 3 $QLIM WLH&MIDH &L 512 , 
3 $QLIM . HKNSH KWLLT TWRNWIWT . D"R BL$R MCIIN KI " HHSTDRWT HRPWAIT 
NDR$T LHSKIM LMBNH $KR XD$ BMSGRTW K%07 MHRWPAIM I$MRW KBIKWL &L HMCB 
HQIIM WAILW LM&LH M%03 IIRDW BH$TKRWTM KPI $HAWCR MKNH ZAT " IIWWTRW 
LLA PTRWN " . LA QIIM AIGWD MQCW&I $IHIH NKWN LHSKIM LMCB KZH XMWR . 
HAWCR BPRSWMIW MNSH LPLG BIN MTMXIM LBKIRIM WLHCIG AT HR"I KLWXMT LM&N 
" HXZQIM " . 

* 

HX$WD BRCX HRB MAIR KHNA @WPL BTRWPH NGD DIKAWN , HGWRMT LPRCI ALIMWT 
WLHTNHGWT HTABDWTIT . &L KK DIWWX H&ITWN " NIW IWRQ @IIMS " . BIDI&H , 
HMSTMKT &L MID& $MSRW GWRMIM HXWQRIM AT HRCX , NAMR KI QRWBI M$PXTW 
SIPRW KI AL - S&ID NWSIIR SBL MDIKAWN KRWNI WBMSGRT @IPWL PSIKIA@RI N@L 
TRWPH B$M " PRWZAQ " , $H$IMW$ BH NPWC MAWD BARH"B L@IPWL BXWLIM HSWBLIM 
MDIKAWN . XWGIM RPWAIIM MKNIM AT HTRWPH " SM HPLA $L $NWT H09 " . BAXRWNH 
H&LW MXQRIM KI AXDIM MHM@WPLIM BTRWPH NX$PW LTWCAWT LWWAI WGILW HTNHGWT 
ALIMH WN@IIH LHTABDWT . H&ITWN MGLH KI NGD ICRNI HTRWPH HWG$W BAXRWNH 
TBI&WT M$P@IWT MCD XWLIM , H@W&NIM KI HIA M&WRRT PRCI ALIMWT WMGBIRH 
AT DIKAWNM . BMAMR $PWRSM A$TQD BKTB - &T RPWAI BARH"B , QWB&IM $NI 
XWQRIM MBIT HSPR LRPWAH $L AWNIBRSI@T HARWWARD , KI % 8 MHXWLIM HNW@LIM 
DRK - QB& TRWPH ZW HM BDRGT SIKWN GBWHH LHTQPWT @IRWP WALIMWT WLHTNHGWT 
HTABDWTIT AWBSSIWWIT . XRP MMCAIM ALH , MM$IKIM RWPAIM LH$TM$ BTRWPH 
ZW WDWXIM AT TWCAWT HMXQRIM . PQID BKIR BSWKNWT HPDRALIT LTRWPWT AMR L&ITWN 
KI &D HIWM AIN HWKXWT $HTRWPH AKN GWRMT LPRCI ALIMWT WLHTNHGWT HTABDWTIT . 
QPIDBINH&ITWN " NIW IWRQ @IIMS " MWSR &WD KI BSP@MBR 6891 AIR&H LNWSIIR 
TAWNT &BWDH , WKTWCAH MHLM ALQ@RWNI $GRM LKWWIIH XMWRH BIDW , SBL MLIQWI 
BTPQWD RGLW H$MALIT . B$BW& $&BR LQX NWSIIR XWP$H $L XMI$H IMIM M&BWDTW . 
HWA M$M$ @KNAI $L MZGNI AWWIR BMP&L H$IIK L&IRIIT NIW IWRQ . MNHL H&BWDH 
MLQWLM RIIK HGDIR AT NWSIIR KAI$ BWDD , DTI MAWD . " HWA LA HQ$IB LMWSIQH , 
HQPID LHTPLL P&MIIM BIWM WBHPSQWT NHG L&IIN BSPR HQWRAN . L&TIM $WXX 
&M H&WBDIM BNW$AIM DTIIM " . RIIK SIPR KI NWSIIR QRA B$QIDH &ITWNIM W&QB 
B&RNWT AXR HAIRW&IM BMZRX HTIKWN . KA$R PWRSM SPRW $L AWS@RWBSQI &L HMWSD , 
MIHR NWSIIR LRK$W . BBITW $L NWSIIR NMCAW &RIMWT $L GZRI &ITWNIM WMGZINIM 
$DNW BNW$AIM MZRX - TIKWNIIM . CWWT HXQIRH H&LH H$&RH KI NWSIIR , $SIIM 
LIMWDI HNDSH BAWNIBRSI@T HILWWAN $BMCRIM , HTQ$H LMCWA &BWDH BNIW IWRQ 
WX$ $AINW MMM$ AT KI$WRIW . MQWRWT BM$@RT NIW IWRQ MSRW KI HCLIXW LZHWT 
AT HMSPR HSIDWRI $L HAQDX $BW IRH NWSIIR BKHNA . HWA MXQ AT HMSPR HSIDWRI 
LPNI HRCX . 

* 

HM$PXWT $NWTRW &DIIN BMAHL M&BRT HKNST BIRW$LIM , N&RKWT LQRAT HXWRP 
WLHM$K $HIIH BMQWM . 31 MN HM$PXWT &QRW BINTIIM MN HAWHLIM HQ@NIM LAWHLIM 
GDWLIM BNI 52 M"R $HTQBLW KTRWMH . AWHLIM ALH HWCBW &L M$@XI B@WN , 
HMWN&IM XLXWL MI HG$MIM AL TWK HAWHL MLM@H . &M ZAT , &MDW HAWHLIM HXD$IM 
XLQIT BLBD BMBXN HG$M H&Z HRA$WN $IRD &L IRW$LIM . HAWHLIM MWN&IM AWMNM 
XDIRT HG$MIM , AWLM HMIM NSPGW BBD WHWSIPW &L HQWR H&Z H$WRR BLILWT BIRW$LIM 
MMILA . BSWP H$BW& , NPR$W &L HAWHLIM IRI&WT NIILWN , $TRM QIBWC NAWT - 
MRDKI . &D KH DXW HM$PXWT BMAHL AT HC&WT M$RD H$IKWN LSIW& B$KR DIRH , 
M$WM HX$$ $MDWBR BPTRWN ZMNI BLBD . H$BW& , AMWRH &IRIIT IRW$LIM LHCI& 
LM$RD H$IKWN ARB&H ATRIM XLWPIIM LHCBTM $L QRWWANIM . KMW KN , HB@IXH 
H&IRIIH LHTQIN BDXIPWT TAWRT XWCWT BMAHL . ZAT , &QB HMCB HBI@XWNI BBIRH 
HM&WRR XRDH ACL DIIRI HMAHL WILDIHM , H$RWIIM BLILH BXW$K , BATR HMBWDD . 


* 

BWDP$@ ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . NCIGI HWNGRIH , CKWSLWBQIH , PWLIN WBWLGRIH 
HWDI&W LNCIGWT ARH"B BAW"M $ITMKW B&MDH HAMRIQAIT , AM ARH"B T&LH BAW"M 
HC&H LBI@WL HHXL@H M$NT 5791 , $HWQI&H AT HCIWNWT KTNW&H GZ&NIT . &ITWNI 
HWNGRIH , $MSRW &L KK , CIINW KI @RM NWD&H &MDT BRIH"M B&NIIN ZH . 
RWMNIH MLKTXILH LA HCBI&H B&D HWQ&T HCIWNWT . H&ITWN " MAGAR HIRLAP " 
CIIN &WD , KI NCIGI ARH"B BIQ$W LH&LWT AT HC&TM LBI@WL HHXL@H HAN@I - 
CIWNIT &WD BXWD$ SP@MBR , AWLM &TH HM MHSSIM LH&LWT R$MIT AT HHC&H , 
KIWWN $HM XW$$IM , $H&LAT HHC&H BAW"M B$&H ZW &LWLH LSKN AT AXDWT HQWALICIH 
HAN@I - &IRAQIT . 

* 

QHIR ( &"M ) . ARB&T HX$WDIM BRCX IW"R HPRLMN@ HMCRI MSRW MID& MPWR@ 
&L M&$I @RWR RBIM , A$R BWC&W BQHIR WBMXWZWT AXRIM . KK MWSR H&ITWN 
" ALXIAT " BMCRIM . MNGNWNI HBI@XWN BMCRIM M$WKN&IM , KI AWPN HTKNWN 
WHBICW& $L M&$I RCX ALW DWMH BMIDH RBH WKI XWMRI HNPC WHN$Q $BHM N&$H 
$IMW$ , HNM MTWCRT MQWMIT WHM MIWCRIM BBSISI HARGWN BMXWZWT . MQWR BI@XWNI 
BKIR AMR KI H$ALH HMNQRT K&T BMWXM $L AN$I MNGNWN HBI@XWN HIA KICD MMWMNT 
P&ILWTW $L ARGWN " HGIHAD " BHIQP KH NRXB , B&IQR M$WM $HMID& MWKIX 
KI H&LWT $L HHTNQ$WT BXIIW $L IW"R HPRLMN@ LBDH HGI&H LSKWM $L XCI MILIWN 
LIRWT MCRIWT . " BRWR LMNGNWNI HBI@XWN , KI GWRMIM XICWNIIM HIW M&WRBIM 
BMIMWN P&ILWTW $L HARGWN , M$WM $RBIM MMNHIGIW HIW IWCAIM BAWPN QBW& 
LXW"L WLMQWMWT MSWIMIM BAPGNIS@AN , PQIS@AN WSWDAN $M MMWQMIM BSISI 
HAIMWNIM $L HARGWN . BNWSP LKK NXTMW XWZI &BWDH &M RBIM MAN$I HARGWN 
BMDINWT &RBIWT WAISLAMIWT RBWT " , @W&N H&ITWN . 

* 

XWQR RPWAI MXIPH , D"R AITN BRN& , @W&N KI GILH XWMR BIWKIMI HMSWGL 
L&CWR AT GIDWLM $L GIDWLIM SR@NIIM BGWP , WAP LH$MID KLIL AT HTAIM HSR@NIIM 
WLRPA AT HXWLH . BRN& , $HWA GINQWLWG WMWMXH LPWRIWT BBI"X RMB"M WKN 
RA$ HMRKZ LXQR ANDWQRINWLWGI $L H&WBR WH$LIH LID HPQWL@H LRPWAH $L H@KNIWN , 
AWMR KI MBDIQWT HXWMR HMWPR$ BGWP HADM , &LH KI HWA QW@L TAIM SR@NIIM 
BMBXNH WBXIWT M&BDH BAPQ@IWWIWT GBWHH MAWD WBLI KL TWP&WT LWWAI . LPNI 
$XZR LARC B5891 HIH BRN& SGN PRWPSWR LANDWQRINWLWGIH BAWNIBRSI@T IIL $BARH"B 
WH$TTP B&BWDWT HRA$WNWT BHPRIIT MBXNH $M . BNIGWD LHLIK HPRSWM HMD&I 
HRGIL , $BW MPRSM XWQR BAXD MN H&ITWNIM HMQCW&IIM BTXWMW , HSBR MPWR@ 
$L HTHLIK AW HXWMR HP&IL , DRK P&WLTW HM$W&RT , WPR@I HNISWIIM WMMCAIHM , 
HXLI@ BRN& LTT PWMBI L&BWDTW BAMC&WT H&ITWNWT HIWMIT , AK L$MWR AT KL 
PR@I HMXQR BSWDIWT MIRBIT . DBR HMXQR NWD& LRA$WNH BKWTRT RA$IT B"GRWZLM 
PWS@ " BIWM W ( 11 . 9 ) HAXRWN , WZKH BPRSWM NRXB HN BQWL - I$RAL 
WHN B&ITWNWT XWC , AK MBLI PRSWM $L PR@I HXWMR . BRN& HSBIR L"HARC " 
KI NQ@ BC&D XRIG ZH &L - MNT LHGN &L H$IMW$ BXWMR , $KN HWA ZQWQ LMIMWN 
L$LB HBA $L MXQRW , WMAXR WAI - AP$R LBQ$ P@N@ &L XWMR @B&I HMWPQ BLAW 
HKI BGWP , $WM QRN AW XBRH MSXRIT LA THIH MWKNH LTT LW MIMWN AM IIWWD&W 
PR@IW . BRN& H@&IM &WD KI PRSWM MD&I RGIL &LWL LGRWM LABDN PRWIQ@ HMXQR 
LMDINT I$RAL . MTBRR KI BRN& GILH AT TKWNWTIW HAN@I - SR@NIWT $L HXWMR 
BAQRAI , TWK NISWIIM BTXWM $WNH . B$WRT BDIQWT - MBXNH IWTR MDWIQWT , 
B$I@T H"DABL BLIIND " HMQWBLT , HWA GILH &WD KI KMWIWT MZ&RIWT $L HXWMR 
MN&W MI@WSIS ( PICWL ) $L TAI SR@N $NI@LW MGIDWLIM BBNI ADM , WQ@LW 
K%09 $L HTAIM TWK $LW$H IMIM , B&WD $APILW XWMRIM DWMIM MAWD LA GRMW 
LKL $INWI BQCB GIDWLM . BDIQWT B&KBRIM " &RWMIM " ( HIINW , &KBRIM 
$HM&RKT HXISWNIT $LHM NW@RLH &"I QRINH ) $SR@NIM $WNIM HW$TLW BHM , 
H&LW KI B&WD $KL HXIWT $HWZRQ LHM XWMRIM AXRIM MTW TWK $BW&IIM , ALH 
$HWZRQ LHM HXWMR $BBDIQH HXLIMW , WBBITWR LA NMCAW BHM SIMNI GIDWLIM 
KL$HM . LA NBDQW P&ILWT HXWMR NGD SR@NI HDM WHLIMPH . AM ZAT , BRN& 
AWMR KI @RM BDQ IWTR L&WMQ AT MHLK MXLT HSR@N $L &KBRI HM&BDH BAMC&WT 
$IQWP RN@GN AW THWDH MGN@IT . AIN LCPWT $HXWMR IHIH ZMIN L@IPWL BXWLI 
SR@N B$NIM HQRWBWT : GM AM HPRSWM IBIA LHT&NIINWT MIDIT $L GWRMIM MMMNIM , 
BDIQWT QLINIWT &$WIWT LHIM$K LPXWT $NTIIM , WKN IHIH CWRK LPTX $I@H 
I&ILH LHPQT HXWMR HP&IL . 

* 

BIIRWT ( &"M ) . HIWZMH HSWBII@IT LPTRWN HM$BR BMPRC KWLLT KINWS W&IDH 
BIN - LAWMIT , $TDWN B$LB RA$WN BZKWIWT &IRAQ BKWWIIT WLAXR MKN GM BB&IH 
HPL$TINIT . H&ITWN HLBNWNI " AL RAIH HMWSR &L KK @W&N KI HS&IPIM HBWL@IM 
$L HTWKNIT HSWBII@IT , $&L BSISH NIHL PRIMAQWB MG&IM BAZWR , HM : NSIGH 
&IRAQIT MKWWIIT KC&D RA$WN . KINWS W&IDH BIN - LAWMIT LDIWN BZKWIWTIH 
HHIS@WRIWT $L &IRAQ BKWWIIT . AM $NI HCDDIM HNWG&IM WHCDDIM HBIN - LAWMIIM 
HAXRIM LA IGI&W LPTRWN M$BI& RCWN , IW&LH HM$BR BPNI PWRWM BIN - LAWMI 
&LIWN , $TWCAWT PSIQTW WHXL@WTIW IHIW TQPWT WMXIIBWT . BD BBD IWSR HMCWR 
M&IRAQ BAWRX HDRGTI WIBW@L HXRM &LIH . HTXIIBWT AMRIQAIT - BRI@IT - CRPTIT 
$LA LBC& C&D CBAI KL$HW NGD &IRAQ . HWW&IDH HBIN - LAWMIT TRXIB AT DIWNIH 
WT&SWQ GM BB&IWT HMZRX HTIKWN , LRBWT HB&IH HPL$TINIT . 

* 

XBRWT HBI@WX HMQBLWT &SQIM MSWKNWT HBI@WX $L ZAB ZMIR , BDQW BIMIM HAXRWNIM 
AT HAP$RWT LSII& LZMIR LHIXLC MHQ$IIM HKSPIIM $ALIHM NQL& B$L H$Q&WT MXWC 
L&NP HBI@WX . BSWP H$BW& HTQIIMW MG&IM BIN RA$I XBRWT HBI@WX $ZMIR Q$WR 
&MN : MGDL , ARR@ MQBWCT KLL WHMGN BTXWM HBI@WX HALMN@RI , WMNWRH 
B&NP BI@WX HXIIM . HBNQ HBIN - LAWMI NQ@ BIMIM HAXRWNIM KMH P&WLWT M$P@IWT , 
BM@RH LH@IL &IQWLIM &L KSPIM $L ZMIR W&L KSPIM HMGI&IM LW . HP&WLWT 
NK$LW , MAXR $LA NMCAW KSPIM KALH . " LA SGRW LZMIR AT HBRZ KI LA HIH 
LW BRZ " , AMR MQWR HQ$WR LPR$H . BDIWNIM $L $L XBRWT HBI@WX HTBRR KI 
ARR@ , HMGN WMNWRH LA NW@WT LSII& LZMIR M&BR LSIW& $NITN LW &D KH . 
BIN HXBRWT NDWNH HAP$RWT LHKNIS GWRM AXR K$WTP BSWKNWTW $L ZMIR , AK 
HGWRMIM $LHM HWC& HR&IWN DXW AWTW , LAXR $HTBRRW LHM HTNAIM . $L$WM 
HTQIIMH PGI$H NWSPT BIN XBRWT HBI@WX , $LA H&LTH TWCAWT XIWBIWT . &QB 
KK QIIM K&T X$$ KI MGDL , $HZRIMH &D KH KSPIM LCWRK TP&WL HSWKNWT $L 
ZMIR , TPSIQ L&$WT ZAT . AM$ AI AP$R HIH LH$IG AT TGWBTW $L ZMIR . BIWM 
XMI$I HWA HKXI$ KI HBNQ HBIN - LAWMI H@IL &IQWLIM &L X$BWNWTIW , W@&N 
KI MBXINH M$P@IT AIN HBNQ IKWL LNQW@ C&D ZH . MQWRWT BBNQ HKXI$W AT @&NTW . 


* 

$IBW$IM CPWIIM MHIWM BASPQT HMIM , B&IQR LMGZR H&IRWNI , LNWKX KWWNTH 
$L XBRT HX$ML LNTQ AT ZRM HX$ML LMWBIL HMIM HARCI WLMTQNI $AIBH $L XBRT 
MQWRWT . XBRT HX$ML HXLI@H &L NITWQ HZRM B&QBWT XWB $L MQWRWT LXWD$IM 
SP@MBR WAWQ@WBR , HMGI& L14 MILIWN $"X . XBRT HX$ML HTKWWNH LHTXIL BNITWQ 
HZRM B1 BNWBMBR , AK HXLI@H LTT ARKH $L 01 IMIM LMQWRWT LPIR&WN HXWB . 
$R HANRGIH IWBL NAMN NISH B$BW& $&BR LHBIA LXISWL HXWB LXBRT HX$ML WLMNW& 
BKK $IBW$IM BASPQT HMIM , AK L$WWA . DWBR MQWRWT AI$R AM$ $HXBRH QIBLH 
HWD&H MXBRT HX$ML &L NITWQ HZRM LMWBIL HARCI WLMTQNI $AIBH . LDBRIW , 
LMQWRWT GIR&WN MC@BR $BGLLW AIN BAP$RWTH LPRW& XWBWT . HWA HA$IM AT 
M$RD HAWCR B&IKWB H&BRT 08 MILIWN $"X LMQWRWT KSWBSIDIH L$NT 09 WKT$LWM 
&L MP&LI MIM $HXBRH HQIMH H$NH . BKIRIM BMQWRWT HA$IMW AT M$RD HAWCR KI 
" HPK AT HXBRH LBT &RWBH " , $KN AI - H&BRT HKSPIM MQWRH BDRI$T HAWCR 
LIIQR AT MXIRI HMIM . NITWQ HZRM LMTQNI MIM $L MQWRWT IPG& PXWT BXQLAIM , 
HWDWT LG$MIM $IRDW BIWMIIM HAXRWNIM . HG$MIM , $HIW BKMWIWT M$M&WTIWT 
B&IQR BCPWN , HBIAW LCMCWM BHIQP HH$QIH . IW"R W&DT HMIM $L HKNST , 
X"K &DNH SWLWDR ( M&RK ) , HGI$H HC&H DXWPH LSDR HIWM BMLIAT HKNST 
BNW$A XWBH $L XBRT MQWRWT LXBRT HX$ML . X"K SWLWDR HA$IMH AT M$RD HAWCR 
$HPK AT XBRT MQWRWT LBT &RWBH LH&LAT MXIRI HMIM , WZAT NWKX HAIWMIM $L 
XBRT HX$ML LHPSIQ MHIWM AT ASPQT HX$ML LMQWRWT BGIN XWBWTIH . X"K SWLWDR 
AWMRT KI H&LAT MXIRI HMIM , LA TWKL LSPQ AT HMIMWN LTP&WL MQWRWT HN 
L@IPWL H$W@P , WGM LPITWX MQWRWT MIM AL@RN@IWWIIM . IW"R W&DT HKLKLH , 
X"K $W$NH ARBLI ALMWZLINW ( M&RK ) , $IGRH BIWM W MBRQ DXWP AL MNK"L 
XBRT HX$ML ICXQ XWPI , WBIQ$H LDXWT B$BW& IMIM AT BICW& HXL@TH $L HXBRH , 
BDBR HPSQT ASPQT HX$ML LMWBIL HARCI . ARBLI KTBH KI " &M KL HBNTI LCDQT 
HTBI&H $L XBRT HX$ML , $&L MQWRWT L$LM AT HXWB HMC@BR , AIN LH&NI$ AT 
CRKNI HMIM WLGRWM NZQIM LM$Q , &L - IDI HPSQT HHZRMH " . HIA HWSIPH KI 
BD&TH LZMN BAWPN DXWP AT W&DT HKLKLH LDIWN BNW$A $BW I$TTPW KL HGWRMIM 
$BIDM LMCWA PTRWN LMCWQH HKSPIT $L MQWRWT , WLAP$R &L - IDI KK AT TP&WLH 
HTQIN $L HXBRH , WT$LWM XWBWTIH LXBRT HX$ML . 

* 

BWN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . N$IA BRIH"M , MIKAIL GWRBCWB , SIIM AM$ BBWN 
BIQWR BN IWMIIM , $BMHLKW NXTM HSKM AI - HTQPH BIN ARCW LBIN GRMNIH . 
HHSKM MSDIR AT HIXSIM BIN $TI HMDINWT B$WRH ARWKH $L TXWMIM , WHWA HWGDR 
&L IDI M$QIPIM KMSMK HIS@WRI , HQW$R AT GWRLN $L BRIH"M WGRMNIH LTQWPH 
ARWKH . HHSKM , LTQWPH $L 02 $NH , KWLL HTXIIBWT $NCIGIM BKIRIM $L BRIH"M 
WGRMNIH IIPG$W L&TIM TKWPWT KDI LTAM AT HMDINIWT $L $TI HARCWT . KK LM$L , 
IIPG$W RA$I HMM$LWT LPXWT P&M AXT B$NH , W$RI HXWC LPXWT P&MIIM B$NH . 
&L PI HHSKM IP&LW BRIH"M WGRMNIH B$ITWP P&WLH HDWQ BTXWMI HKLKLH , HTXBWRH , 
AIKWT HSBIBH , XILWPI HTRBWT W&WD . GRMNIH HBI&H NKWNWT LH&MID LR$WT 
BRIH"M SIW& KLKLI W@KNI NRXB , $HIQPW HMDWIQ @RM NQB& . LLA Q$R LKK T&MWD 
GRMNIH BHTXIIBWT QWDMT LMMN AT PINWI HKWXWT HSWBII@IIM MMZRX - GRMNIH 
WLBNWT DIWR XLIPI L004 ALP HXIILIM $I$WBW LBRIH"M . HHTXIIBWT HKSPIT 
BTXWM HZH BLBD MW&RKT BK02 MILIARD MARQ . BIQWRW $L GWRBCWB BGRMNIH HTNHL 
BAWWIRH LBBIT BIWTR , WNITN BW BI@WI BWL@ LSIPWQ MKK $HMNHIG HSWBII@I 
TMK BCWRH P&ILH BAIXWD GRMNIH . HDG$H LKK HITH ATMWL KA$R $R HXWC , ADWARD 
$WWRDNADZH , HTLWWH AL &MITW HGRMNI , HANS - DI@RIK GN$R , BBIQWR B&IR 
HALH ( B$@X MZRX - GRMNIH L$&BR ) . HALH HIA &IR HWLDTW $L GN$R , 
WLAXRWNH HWA NWHG LHBIA ALIH MBQRIM MMDINWT $WNWT . GWRBCWB MCDW BIQR 
AT QWHL BBITW BAWGRSHIIM , &IIRH BXBL PALC . BSIWR M$WTP B&IR $PAIIR 
HT&RB GWRBCWB BHMWN , WALPIM HRI&W LW BQRIAH " GWRBI , GWRBI " . BBWN 
NMN&W HMARXIM HGRMNIIM MLHPGI$ AT GWRBCWB &M HQHL HRXB MX$$ LBI@XWNW $L 
HMNHIG HSWBII@I . BMHLK HBIQWR HKRIZ GWRBCWB , KI SIW& LARCW HWA H$Q&H 
@WBH WMW&ILH , HPWTXT HZDMNWIWT GDWLWT . HWA CIIN , $BRIH"M NWTRH M&CMT 
&L HMCI&H AP$RWIWT ADIRWT LMI $M$TPIM ATH P&WLH . QWHL MCDW AMR , $ARCW 
TSII& LMWSQWWH BTHLIK HBNIIH MXD$ , WTP&L ACL B&LWT BRITH KDI $GM HN 
I&ZRW B$IQWMH $L BRIH"M . 

* 

LWS ANGLS ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . MIIQL MILQN , AI$ " AG"X HZBL " $L 
XBRT HH$Q&WT DRQSL BARNM LAMBR , GRP BM$K &BWDTW BXBRH MAWT MILIWNI DWLR 
IWTR MSKWM H&TQ &LIW DWWX MLKTXILH KK @&N ATMWL H"LWS ANGLS @IIMS " . 
BIN H$NIM 4878 HRWWIX MILQN BN H44 SKWM H@BWT KWLL BN 1 . 1 MILIARD DWLR . 
HWA HRWWIX 055 MILIWN DWLR B$NH AXT , WHIH BKK L$KIR $M$KWRTW H$NTIT 
HIA HGBWHH BIWTR BTWLDWT ARH"B . ATMWL @&N H"@IIMS " , KI MNITWX $L MAWT 
$WTPWIWT AWTN HQIMH DRQSL LM&N MILQN , BNI M$PXTW W&WBDIW HMW&DPIM , 
&WLH $A$P HKSPIM QIBL MHN LPXWT MILIARD DWLR NWSPIM . L@&NT RWAI X$BWN 
WXWQRIM &LIHM MSTMK H&ITWN , HNIBW RBWT MH$WTPWIWT HSWDIWT $L DRQSL HXZRIM 
BNI MAWT WAP ALPI AXWZIM MHH$Q&H HMQWRIT . MQWR B&L GI$H I$IRH LMID& 
@&N BAWZNI H&ITWN $HKNST HBRW@W $L MILQN MH$WTPWIWT HITH MILIARD DWLR . 
DWBR $L HMWL@I - MLIWNR HGDIR AT DIWWXI H&ITWN K"MSWLPIM WKWLLIM MID& 
M@&H " . GZR DINW $L MILQN AMWR LHIXRC HXWD$ , AWLI AP H$BW& . KZKWR , 
HWA HWDH B6 S&IPI AI$WM $L NICWL LR&H $L MID& $HIH BR$WTW , WNQNS B006 
MILIWN DWLR . 

* 

L&WMT H$NIM HQWDMWT WMGMT HIRIDH NM$KT ; KK MSR " LH MWND " BIWM XMI$I , 
BHSTMK &L DW"X $HWG$ LPRLMN@ . CRPT $HITH &D KH SPQIT HN$Q H$LI$IT B&WLM , 
AIBDH LQWXWT WHZMNWT BARH"B , BMZRX HTIKWN WBAMRIQH HMRKZIT . " HHTMW@@WT 
PG&H BKL &NPI IICWR HN$Q " , DIWWX " LH MWND " . SK KL MKIRWT HN$Q IRDW 
L4 MILIARD DWLR B9891 L&WMT 6 . 7 MILIARD B8891 , NKTB BIDI&H . N$Q LXILWT 
AWWIR HKNIS 4 . 01 MILIARD PRANQ ( 1 . 2 MILIARD DWLR ) L&WMT 8 . 91 
MILIARD PRANQ ( 4 MILIARD DWLR ) B8891 . MKIRWT N$Q LCBAWT HIB$H HSTKMW 
B1 . 7 MILIARD PRANQ ( 4 . 1 MILIARD DWLR ) KNGD 5 . 31 MILIARD ( 7 . 
2 MILIARD DWLR ) . HICWA BTXWM HN$Q HIMI HGI& L5 . 2 MILIARD PRANQ ( 
500 MILIWN DWLR ) BH$WWAH L2 . 4 MILIARD ( 048 MILIWN DWLR ) B8891 . 
H&ITWN CI@@ MDW"X $BW NAMR KI " HPLI$H H&IRAQIT LKWWIIT WHWP&T XIL M$LWX 
AMRIQAI GDWL BS&WDIH M$M&WTN $MDINWT HAZWR ICWIDW B&TID B&IQR BN$Q AMRIQAI 
$II$AR BMQWM WIIMKR LLQWXWT BSBIBH " . " M&MD CRPT WBRI@NIH B$WWQIM ALH 
IC@MCM B$NIM HQRWBWT " , QB& HDW"X . 

* 

$ANDRH $QAR HW$B& ATMWL LRA$WT MM$LH HMBWSST &L PRLMN@ RB - SI&WT WTKKIM 
BMDINH $SW&H &QB ALIMWT BDLNIT , DTIT , WM&MDIT . H@KS HTNHL &L - IDI 
HN$IA RAMASWWAMI WNQA@RMAN BARMWN HN$IAWT BNIW - DLHI . $QAR , SWCIALIS@ 
BN 36 , MXLIP BKK AT W . P . SING $AIBD AT TPQID RA$ HMM$LH LAXR $HMPLGH 
HHINDIT HQICWNIT , BHARA@IH GANA@H , PR$H MM$LT HQWALICIH , WHMM$LH 
NXLH TBWSH BHCB&T AI - AMWN H$BW& $&BR . " ANI MQWWH $HMM$LH HXD$H TXZIQ 
M&MD &D SWP TQWPT KHWNTH 4991 " , AMR HN$IA LAXR @KS HH$B&H . QPIDBINMM$LTW 
$L $QAR HIA HXL$H BIWTR BTWLDWT HWDW . SI&TW $L $QAR GANA@H GL MWNH 
65 CIRIM BLBD K%01 MCIRI HPRLMN@ AK MSTMKT &L HB@XT HTMIKH $L RAGIB 
GANDI WMPLGT HQWNGRS . GANDI &CMW SIRB LHRKIB MM$LH AW LHC@RP LQWALICIH 
$L $QAR . $QAR AMR KI IHIH LW RWB BPRLMN@ &D SWP HXWD$ . $QAR AMR KI 
M$IMTW HRA$WNH THIH L$IM QC LALIMWT BMDINH WLBC& MSPR HXL@WT KLKLIWT Q$WT . 
TMIKT GANDI MB@IXH L$QAR 082 QWLWT BPRLMN@ . $NI HAI$IM HWDI&W KI BTMWRH 
IWKL GANDI LQBW& AT HMW&D $L HBXIRWT HKLLIWT HBAWT , $AI$ AINW RWCH BHN 
&K$IW . HN$IA WNQA@RMAN AMR KI HWA AINNW MAW$R MN HCWRK LH@IL &L MNHIG 
MPLGH Q@NH AT TPQID RA$ HMM$LH , B&WD HWDW NTWNH BS&RT RWXWT WM&$I ALIMWT 
&L RQ& DTI WKITTI . AWLM MAXR W$ANDRH $QAR HIH HMNHIG HPWLI@I HIXIDI $HIH 
MWKN LI@WL &L &CMW AT HTPQID KIWM , LA NWTR LN$IA ALA LH@IL AT HM$IMH 
&LIW . PR$NIM PWLI@IIM BNIW - DLHI AMRW KI MM$LT $QAR THIH MM$LT M&BR 
&D HBXIRWT HXD$WT $II&RKW LAXR $IIRG&W HRWXWT BIN HHINDIM LMWSLMIM B$ALT 
HMSGD BAIWDIH . QPIDBINTWMKIW $L $QAR HBI&W AT $MXTM HRBH &L MINWIW , 
LW XIKH $NIM RBWT . TZMWRT KLI N$IPH , TZMWRT TWPIM HWDIT WTZMWRT XCWCRWT 
QIDMW AT PNIW $L $QAR B&T $ICA MMKWNITW BMRXQ MH MBITW . HQHL HRB $HTASP 
HBI& BW TMIKH BHTLHBWT RBH WRBIM X$W ALIW KDI LNGW& BRGLW , SIMN HWDI 
&TIQ $L MTN KBWD . KMH M&RICIM HRIMWHW WHWBILW AWTW &D PTX HBIT . KMH 
DIPLWM@IM MMDINWT HM&RB NXRDW MN HR&IWN $L HQMT MM$LH BHNHGT $QAR . " ZH 
MM$ MCXIQ . KICD N&BWD &M MM$LH KZAT ? HAM HIA MIICGT AT H&M HHWDI ? 
ANI LA SBWR KK " , AMR AXD MHM . AXR TIAR AT $QAR K"ZNB Q@N AWTW MQ$Q$ 
HKLB HGDWL BIWTR BHIS@WRIH $L HDMWQR@IH HPRLMN@ARIT " . NWKX S&RT M&$I 
HALIMWT &L RQ& DTI WKITTI H&WBRT &L HWDW BIMIM ALH NICB $QAR BPNI B&IWT 
Q$WT BIWTR $L&TIM NRAH $AIN LHN PTRWN . HALIMWT HHINDIT - MWSLMIT SBIB 
HMSGD BAIWDIH PRCH LAXR $BW&WT $L HPGNWT WM&$I MXAH NGD TKNIT HMM$LH HQWDMT 
LH&LWT AT MKST H$RIWN BM$RWT MM$LTIWT LQS@WT HNMWKWT BQRB HHINDIM M%5 . 
22 LKM&@ % 05 . TLMIDI BTI SPR WS@WDN@IM MN HQS@WT HGBWHWT MXW &L HXL@H 
ZW WRBIM H&LW &CMM BA$ . TWK KDI KK HT&CMW $TI HMRIDWT BPNGAB WBQ$MIR . 
BM&$I HALIMWT B$TI MDINWT ALH $BTXWM HWDW NHRGW 000 , 4 BNI ADM BMHLK 
H$NH HNWKXIT . MRD BDLNI NWSP MTRX$ BXBL ASAM . NWSP &L KL ALH $QW&H 
HWDW BM$BR KLKLI &MWQ $HXRIP MAZ PLI$T &IRAQ LKWWIIT . HTW$BIM MTLWNNIM 
&L &LIWT XDWT BMXIRI HMZWN WHDLQ WAINPLCIH HCW&DT LQRAT MCB DW - SPRTI . 


* 

( & ) . $RPH NWSPT , RBI&IT B$BW& ZH , PRCH BIWM $$I BMLWN IMIT BRXWB 
HIRQWN BTL - ABIB . H$RPH HTLQXH BSBIBWT H$&H 5 AXH"C BMRTP HMLWN . 
&$N RB APP AT HQWMWT HRA$WNWT $L HMLWN WHAWRXIM PWNW MMNW . BIWM $NI HWCT 
MW&DWN BBIT HMLWN . BIWM RBI&I HWCT AWLM AIRW&IM , WBIWM XMI$I BLILH 
HW$LK AL HM&LIT SDIN BW&R . B$NI HMQRIM HRA$WNIM QB& XWQR $RPWT $L MKBI 
HA$ KI MDWBR BHCTH . &QB ZAT N&RKH XQIRH WN&CR TIIR NWRWWGI BN 23 KX$WD 
BM&$H . HTIIR N&CR LARB&H IMIM LCWRK XQIRH AWLM $WXRR KBR BAWTW &RB , 
M$WM $H$RPWT BIWM XMI$I WBIWM $$I PRCW LAXR M&CRW . BLIL $BT HGI&W LMLWN 
XWQRIM , BRA$WT XWQRT BDRGT PQD , WHXLW BTXQWR H&WBDIM , KWLL HPW&LIM 
H&RBIM . MNHL MLWN IMIT AMR KI AINW XW$D BAP LA AXD MH&WBDIM . " AXRI 
$ZH QRH BP&M HRBI&IT , ZH IKWL LHIWT RQ M$WG& " , AMR . 

* 

KLKWTH ( AI - PI , &"R ) . $LW$H C&IRIM BWRMZIM $X@PW ATMWL M@WS $L 
XBRT HT&WPH HTAILNDIT NKN&W LKWXWT HBI@XWN HHWDIIM . 122 HNWS&IM WAN$I 
CWWTW $L HM@WS $HIH BDRKW MBNGQWQ LRANGWN $WXRRW MBLI $AI$ MHM NPG& . 
@ARAN DAL , MZKIR BKIR $L MDINT M&RB BNGAL , AMR QWDM LKNI&T HXW@PIM 
KI HM HZDHW KC&IRIM BWRMZIM WMSRW R$IMT DRI$WT . BBNGQWQ HTQBLH HWD&H 
MQBWCH B$M " LWXMI HCDQ WHXIRWT " $LA HITH IDW&H &D KH . BHWD&H NAMR 
KI HX@IPH NW&DH LGRWM L&WLM LHQ$IB " LKMIHT H&M HBWRMZI LDMWQR@IH WZKWIWT 
ADM . AIN LNW KL RCWN LPGW& BNWS&IM WBCWWT " , NAMR BHWD&H . $LW$T HS@WDN@IM 
XTMW &L HHWD&H B@BI&WT AGWDLIHM HMDMMIM WHBHIRW : " AM TQBLW AT DRI$WTINW 
NSGIR &CMNW B$LWM L$L@WNWT HWDW " . HXW@PIM DR$W M$L@WNWT BWRMH L$XRR AT 
KL HASIRIM HPWLI@IIM , L$IM QC L$L@WN HCBAI WLH&BIR AT H$L@WN LMM$LH 
AZRXIT NBXRT . &WD DR$W HXW@PIM KI TAILND TPSIQ AT KL HH$Q&WT BBWRMH &D 
$H$L@WN IIMSR LIDI MM$LH AZRXIT WMTNGDI M$@R BWRMZIM H&CWRIM BTAILND IQBLW 
M&MD $L PLI@IM . BAWQ@WBR $&BR X@PW $NI S@WDN@IM M@WS BWRMZI $HIH B@IST 
PNIM WAILCW AT H@IIS LNXWT BTAILND . HM NKN&W W&DIIN KLWAIM BBNGQWQ . 
ARGWN LWXMI HCDQ WHXIRWT DR$ GM AT $XRWRM $L $NI ALH . HS@WDN@IM BBWRMH 
WMXWCH LH NABQIM BMM$LH HCBAIT $TPSH AT H$L@WN LPNI $NTIIM AXRI DIKWI 
HPGNWT HMWNIWT LM&N DMWQR@IH . BMAI N&RKW BBWRMH BXIRWT LASPH HLAWMIT 
AWLM HKT HCBAIT SIRBH &D KH LH&BIR AT H$L@WN LAWPWZICIH $ZKTH BNICXWN 
SWXP . MNHIGI HAWPWZICIH RBIM NTWNIM BM&CR . 

* 

( & ) . BTAWNT DRKIM $AIR&H BIWM $$I BBWQR BKBI$ M&LH - HADWMIMIRIXW 
HTHPK AW@WBWS TIIRIM . TIIRT KBT 56 NHRGH W41 TIIRIM NPC&W , MHM LPXWT 
AXD BMCB Q$H . HTIIRIM HM CLIINIM MANGLIH , $HGI&W LI$RAL LPNI $LW$H 
IMIM WHTGWRRW BMLWN PILGRIMM PALS , HSMWK L$&R $KM . HBWQR ICAW B$NI 
AW@WBWSIM L@IWL BMCDH . SMWK L$&H 51 . 8 HXLIQ AXD HAW@WBWSIM , H$IIK 
LXBRT TIIRWT MNCRT , BKBI$ M&LH - ADWMIMIRIXW , HSTXRR MSPR P&MIM WN&CR 
BCDI HDRK , K$HWA &L GBW . BAW@WBWS HIW BAWTH &T 61 TIIRIM , NHG WMWRH - 
DRK , $XLQM NZRQW MHAW@WBWS WN$KBW &L HKBI$ . HAW@WBWS H$NI BLM BLIMT 
PT& WKKL HNRAH , KTWCAH MKK , TIIR AXD NPC& QL . 01 MHPCW&IM PWNW LBIT 
HXWLIM HDSH HR HCWPIM WARB&H MHM LHDSH &IN - KRM . 01 PCW&IM $WXRRW AM$ 
MBTI HXWLIM WARB&H &DIIN MAW$PZIM BBIT HXWLIM HDSH &IN - KRM WHDSH HCWPIM . 
MCBM HWGDR BINWNI . ADM AXD NHRG W$NIIM NPC&W Q$H BTAWNT DRKIM Q@LNIT 
$AIR&H BIWM $$I AXR HCHRIM BKBI$ IRW$LIMTL - ABIB LID $&R HGIA . HHRWG 
WHPCW&IM HW&BRW &L IDI MD"A LBIH"X HDSH &IN KRM . LIMWR RHB , BT 81 , 
MQRIT XIIM , NHRGH B$BT , KA$R MKWNIT DIIH@SW BH XZRH MBILWI &M IDIDIH , 
HTNG$H B&MWD B@WN , BMWRD DRK DWRI . HNHG , MWRN BN NXWM MQRIIT BIALIQ , 
WNHG NWSP MAIR DIAMWND , BNI 81 , NPC&W QL WHW&BRW LBIH"X RMB"M BXIPH . 
HM$@RH BWDQT X$D KI HNHG , $BR$WTW RI$IWN NHIGH MSPR XWD$IM BLBD , HIH 
BGILWPIN . HTAWNH AIR&H B$&H 00 . 4 LPNWT BWQR . 01 AN$IM NPC&W BTAWNT 
DRKIM BIWM $$I LPNWT &RB , K$MKWNIT PR@IT BIC&H PNIIT PRSH BCWMT IGWR 
WHTNG$H BMKWNIT $NS&H MWLH . NWS& AXD NPC& BAWRX BINWNI WH$AR BAWRX QL . 
HPCW&IM HW&BRW LBTI HXWLIM RMB"M WBNI CIWN ( RW@$ILD ) BXIPH . ILD 
BN 5 . 5 MXWLWN , NPC& Q$H BIWM $$I LPNWT &RB , BTAWNT DRKIM B&IR . 
HILD XCH AT HKBI$ &M ILDH AXRT BT 7 BRXWB QRN HISWD , $LA BM&BR XCIH 
WBIN KLI RKB XWNIM . MKWNIT PR@IT NHWGH BIDI BN 42 MBT - IM , PG&H BILD . 
NIIDT @IPWL NMRC $L MGN DWD ADWM PINTH AWTW BMCB Q$H LMRKZ HRPWAI $IBA 
BRMT - GN . LILD , $NPC& BRA$W , LA N$QPT SKNT XIIM . 

* 

MW&CT HMNHLIM $L QRN BIT BRL , $BB&LWT MPLGT H&BWDH , HXLI@H LHPQI& 
AT SMKWIWTIW $L AHRN HRAL BTPQIDW KMNK"L HQRN , $NQL&H BTQWPTW LXWBWT 
KSPIIM $L MILIWNI $QLIM . KMW - KN HXLI@H HMW&CH LZMN KINWS $L HASPH 
HKLLIT $L B&LI HMNIWT $L HQRN , WLHMLIC BPNIH &L H&BRTW $L HRAL MTPQIDW . 
HRAL , A$R BIQ$ BI$IBT MW&CT HMNHLIM HQWDMT $HWT KDI LHGIB &L MMCAIH 
HXMWRIM $L W&DT HBDIQH LGBI HMCB HKSPI $L BIT BRL , LA HWPI& LI$IBH $HTQIIMH 
BIWM $$I . BMQWM ZAT NMSR LXBRI MW&CT HMNHLIM MKTB MMNW , $BW HWA MWKN 
LCAT LXWP$H LLA T$LWM LM$K $$H XWD$IM , BTNAI $IMWNH BWRR XICWNI A$R 
IBDWQ AT H@&NWT NGDW . XBRI MW&CT HMNHLIM HIW MWKNIM LQBL AT ICIATW LXWP$H 
LLA T$LWM , AWLM DXW PH - AXD AT &NIIN HBWRR . IW"R MW&CT HMNHLIM $L 
QRN BIT BRL RICRD &RMWN , Z&M &L HRAL , &MW HIH LW SIKWM MPWR$ $HWA 
AINW N$AR BQRN . XBRI HDIRQ@WRIWN RAW BHI&DRWTW $L HRAL ZLZWL BQRN . 
HRAL GM LA HWPI& BPNI W&DT HBDIQH BRA$WT DWRWN $WRR , ALIH ZWMN KDI LH$IB 
&L $ALWTIH . LAXR MKN @&N KI HWW&DH QB&H AT MSQNWTIH MBLI LHIPG$ &MW . 
BDW"X $WRR NAMR KI W&DT HBDIQH LA QIBLH AT KL HMSMKIM HDRW$IM LH , MKIWWN 
$MSMKIM KALH LA NKTBW . HDW"X KLL HMLCH LDAWG LKK KI BRA$ HMWSD I&MDW 
AN$IM HMSWGLIM LSPQ NTWNIM ALH . QPIDBINM$M&WT HHMLCH HIA HXLPT DRG HMNHLIM 
$L BIT BRL , BKLL ZH AHRN HRAL , HM$NH MNK"L GD&WN PLG , WMNHL MKLLT 
BIT BRL , $HIA XBRH - BT $L HQRN , D"R AHRN ZIIDNBRG . XWBWT HQRN WMKLLT 
BIT - BRL HW&RKW &WD B@RM HG$T HDW"X BIWTR M02 MILIWN $QL . BTQWPTW $L 
HRAL LA XWBRW DW"XWT KSPIIM &L HP&WLWT $BWC&W . XWGI LIMWD HWKNSW MBLI 
$NBDQH KDAIWTM . N&$W P&WLWT BNIIH B&LT GBWHH MDI , WNRK$ MX$B BRB& 
MILIWN $QLIM , $LA HTAIM KLL LCRKI HMKLLH , WNWTR LLA $IMW$ . BI$IBT 
MW&CT HMNHLIM $L$WM HTQIIM DIWN ARWK BTNAI HPI@WRIM $L HRAL . LBSWP HWXL@ 
LI@WL MMNW AT KL HSMKWIWT HNIHWLIWT . LPI TQNWN HQRN AIN LMW&CT HMNHLIM 
SMKWT LP@R AT HMNK"L WLKN TPWRSM HIWM HWD&T ZIMWN LASPH HKLLIT $L B&LI 
HMNIWT . BASPH HKLLIT TBQ$ MW&CT HMNHLIM L$NWT AT HTQNWN WLHACIL &LIH 
AT HSMKWT LMNWT MNHL XD$ , TWK HMLCH LH&BIR AT HRAL MTPQIDW . KN TTBQ$ 
HASPH HKLLIT LA$R AT MAZN HQRN L$NT 88 WAT MINWI RWAI HX$BWN . AHRN HRAL 
AMR BTGWBH : " HC&TI L&RMWN $ATP@R MID AK HWA HCI& LI LCAT LXWP$H LLA 
T$LWM . HTNAI $LI HWA MINWI BWRR XICWNI $IBDWQ AT KL HH$MCWT NGDI . 
XWC MZH ANI LA RWCH LHI$AR . ANI LA SWMK &L W&DT HBDIQH . HIA LA AMINH 
B&INI . AIABQ BKL HAMC&IM , KWLL AMC&IM M$P@IIM KDI LH$IG BWRR XICWNI " . 


* 

BHXL@ AP$R . &L HM$@RH LQBL HXL@H $BPQWDWT HQB& $L H$W@RIM IIAMR BMPWR$ 
$$W@RIM LA IICAW LM$MRT LLA APWD MGN . &D KH QB&W HHNXIWT $RQ BTPQIDIM 
WLM$IMWT MIWXDWT I$ LHC@IID BAPWD MGN . IITKN $IHIH CWRK LHKIN APWDI 
MGN QLIM IWTR . APWDI HMGN HQIIMIM , NW&DW LGWNN &L H$W@RIM MPNI KDWRI 
TT - MQL& . HAXRAIM &L PITWX @KNWLWGIWT $&WSQWT BMIGWN , CRIKIM LIICR 
APWDIM $IHIW &MIDIM BPNI SKINIM . DBR $NI : X$WB MAWD $$W@RIM INW&W 
BSIWRIM RQ BCMDIM WB$L$WT . KMW - KN I$ LPTX WANI M$WKN& $KBR MPTXIM 
BM$@RH TRGWLWT W@KNIQWT $L $MIRH WHGNH HDDIT $L H$W@RIM ZH &L ZH . HHWRAWT 
HQIIMWT $L PTIXH BA$ NWTNWT T$WBH MLAH LMQRI TQIPH KALH . &L - PI HPQWDWT 
HQIIMWT , BRWR LKL $W@R $AM MI$HW MTNPL &LIW &M SKIN , HWA R$AI LPTWX 
&LIW BA$ . AIN SPQ $AXRI HAIRW&IM $HTRX$W BHR HBIT H$W@RIM M$M$IM M@RH 
LKL HGWRMIM HQICWNIIM HMWZNIM &L - IDI HT&MWLH HARSIT $L AI$IM AISLAMIIM 
B&LI &MDWT QICWNIWT . BRWR $ANW &DIM BAXRWNH LHTPTXWIWT $LA HKRNW B&BR , 
B&WLM HMWSLMI HQICWNI . ANW RWAIM IWTR MQRIM $L C&IRIM PL$TINAIM HMW$P&IM 
MN HT&MWLH HARSIT WMWKNIM LHSTKN WL&TIM AP LHQRIB AT &CMM WLHTABD KDI 
LH$IG AT M@RTM . BHXL@ . HMCIAWT HXD$H HZW , MXIIBT ITR &RNWT WX$DNWT 
MCDM $L H$W@RIM . HIA GM MCDIQH PITWX @KNIQWT XD$WT $L HGNH &CMIT , 
KDI LHGBIR AT BI@XWNM HAI$I $L H$W@RIM WLMNW& HI$NWT MQRI HDQIRWT BAMC&WT 
SKINIM $HIINW &DIM LHM BIMIM HAXRWNIM . ANI MAMIN $MI $BXR BMQCW& HZH , 
&R LKL HSIKWNIM HKRWKIM BKK WAIRW& KMW ZH $HIINW &DIM LW ATMWL BIRW$LIM , 
AINNW M$PI& &L TPQWDM W&L HMWRAL $LHM . BGWP KMW HM$@RH QIIMT TXW$H 
$L SWLIDARIWT , $IIKWT WMSIRWT , HMAP$RT LLWB$I HMDIM LHM$IK WLMLA AT 
HM$IMWT HQ$WT HMW@LWT &LIHM . 

* 

WA$ING@WN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . HSNA@WR HRPWBLIQAI RWDI BW$WWIC , $AIBD 
B$BW& $&BR AT MW$BW AXRI $TQP AT XWSR NAMNWTW $L IRIBW L&M HIHWDI , HTNCL 
BPWMBI LPNI HQHILH HIHWDIT B&IR MGWRIW MINIAPWLIS , BMDINT MINSW@H . 
HWA H&BIR AT HTNCLWTW BKTB - ID AL RB BIT HKNST HRPWRMI " MQD$ I$RAL " , 
$HWA WM$PXTW XBRIM BW ZH 03 $NH . HWA AMR , KI HWA MTNCL $HR$H LM@H 
HBXIRWT $LW LCAT BHTQPH HZW , MTNCL &L " NZQ KL$HW AM NGRM " , WMQBL 
" AXRIWT MLAH " LM&$H . HAI$ $HBIS AT BW$WWIC , PWL WWLS@N AMR BINTIIM , 
KI AIN HWA RWAH STIRH BIN TMIKH BI$RAL WBIN BIQWRT PWMBIT &LIH . HWA 
MAMIN , KI LPL$TINAIM B$@XIM TINTN " MWLDT KL$HI " , $AM LA KN " ILDIM 
PL$TINAIIM WI$RALIIM IWSIPW LHRWG ALH AT ALH &WD DWRWT RBIM " . WWLS@WN , 
PRWPSWR BN 64 LMD& HMDINH , AI$ HMPLGH HDMWQR@IT , NICX BIWM G $&BR 
AT RWDI BW$WWIC , MN HSNA@WRIM HIHWDIIM HBWL@IM BIWTR BWWA$ING@WN . NICXWN 
WWLS@WN HIH HSNSACIH HGDWLH BIWTR $L HBXIRWT LQWNGRS BARH"B , WHWA HGIX 
BN - LILH MALMWNIWT AQDMIT AL &MWDW HRA$WN $L " NIW IWRQ @IIMS " , WAL 
TWKNIT H@LWWIZIH RBT - HIWQRH " NII@LIIN " . HIWMIIM HAXRWNIM $L M&RKT 
HBXIRWT &MDW BSIMN HTQPH $L TWMKI BW$WWIC &L MIDT NAMNWTW $L WWLS@WN LQHILH 
HIHWDIT WL&M HIHWDI . M$QIPIM PWLI@IIM BMINSW@H MAMINIM , KI HHTQPH 
HZW , &L NIIR HMKTBIM HR$MI $L BW$WWIC AM KI LA BXTIMTW , &LTH LSNA@WR 
HRPWBLIQAI BMW$BW . HIA &WRRH &LIW BIQWRT KLLIT BMDINTW WMXWCH LH . 
BBIT HKNST HRPWRMI BMINIAPWLIS , $BW$WWIC HWA AXD MXBRIW , N$A BLIL 
$BT HRB HMQWMI DR$H ARWKH BGNWT HHTQPH . P&ILIM BQHILH HIHWDIT $L MINSW@H 
HTAW$$W BMHIRWT MHLM TBWSTW $L BW$WWIC , WHTXILW BIWM W HKNWT LARGN LWWLS@WN 
BIQWR BI$RAL , &WD LPNI $IW$B& LSNA@WR , BTXILT INWAR . IW"R M@H HBXIRWT 
$L WWLS@WN , HPRQLI@ HIHWDI SM QPLN , AMR BRAIWN @LPWNI MMINIAPWLIS , 
KI " I$RAL HIA NW$A KL - KK X$WB , $KL PWLI@IQAI AMRIQAI CRIK L&MWD 
&LIW MQRWB " . WWLS@WN M&WLM LA BIQR BI$RAL . HHTQPH &L IHDWTW , $NKLLH 
BMKTB LALPI IHWDIM MINSW@IIM , &SQH GM BQ$RI WWLS@WN &M GSI GQSWN , 
MRA$I HAGP H$MALI $L HMPLGH HDMWQR@IT BARH"B . WWLS@WN HIH IW"R M@HW 
$L GQSWN BMINSW@H , BMHLK HBXIRWT HMWQDMWT LN$IAWT B88 . HMKTB HA$IM 
AT WWLS@WN , KI HWA M&WLM LA HTN&R MH$QPWTIW $L GQSWN &L I$RAL W&L HMZH"T 
&NIIN $WWLS@WN MKXI$ . BHTB@AWT RA$WNH &L I$RAL AXRI BXIRTW AMR WWLS@WN 
LTXNT @LWWIZIH MQWMIT BMINSW@H , KI HWA TWMK TQIP $L I$RAL , WMTNGD 
LKL QICWC BSIW& HAMRIQAI , BA$R " ANI XW$$ $ZH IZIN AT HA$LIH $L ARCWT 
AXRWT , DWGMT &IRAQ , $HN IWKLW LH$MID AT I$RAL " . WWLS@WN HWSIP : 
" BAWTH MIDH , MTWK AHBT I$RAL , IKWL ADM LHIWT BIQWRTI KLPI MM$LH 
MSWIMT WANI AMNM HIITI BIQWRTI &L MPLGT HLIKWD BI$RAL , $AWTH ANI XW$B 
LMM$LH IMNIT . ANI XW$B , KI NXWC QCT M$A - WMTN , WQCT HTPIISWT , 
WANI XW$B $BSWPW $L DBR IHIH HSDR KL$HW $L $@XIM TMWRT $LWM . WANI MDBR 
SPCIPIT &L HGDH HM&RBIT W&L &ZH " . &L AWPI HHSDR AMR HSNA@WR HXD$ , KI 
HWA XW$B $"BSWPW $L DBR IHIH SWG KL$HW $L MWLDT , WANI XW$B $HIA THIH 
MPWRZT . " HMCB HNWKXI " , HDGI$ WWLS@WN , " AINW IKWL LHIM$K , $AM 
LA KN IWSIPW ILDIM PL$TINAIM WI$RALIM LHRWG ALH AT ALH &WD DWRWT RBIM " . 
$L$WM H$TTPW WLS@WN , R&IITW HLA - IHWDIH $ILH , WRA$ M@H HBXIRWT $LW 
SM QPLN , BTPILT &RB $BT BBIT HKNST HRPWRMI $L MINIAPWLIS . RB BIT HKNST , 
S@IBN PINSQI , AMR , KI BHTQPH &L IHDWTW $L WWLS@WN HITH KRWKH " AI - 
HBNH $L KLLI HM$XQ , A$R $IRTW AWTNW KL - KK @WB KIHWDIM " , BARH"B . 
GDWL &ITWNI MINSW@H , " S@AR @RIBIWN " , CI@@ B&MWDW HRA$WN P&ILIM PRW - 
I$RALIIM BWWA$ING@WN , $AMRW : " ANXNW MTABLIM &L ABDNW $L RWDI BW$WWIC , 
ABL AINNW MTABLIM &L NICXWN WWLS@WN . HWA IKWL LHIWT IDID PW@NCIALI " . 


* 

X"K R&NN KHN ( M&RK ) HGI$ HC&H DXWPH LSDR HIWM , BTBI&H MM$RDI HAWCR 
WHPNIM LXLC AT II$WBI HDRWZIM MMCWQTM HKSPIT . X"K KHN AWMR KI LA IITKN 
$BNI &DH ZW HM$LMIM BDM BNIHM , XWD$ AXR XWD$ , ITQ$W LQBL MIM , B$L 
AI - PIR&WN XWBWT L"MQWRWT " . LDBRIW , HKPR BIT - GAN $IKL &D KH 63 
MBNIW , 3 MHM MBNI M$PXH AXT . KPR ZH NALC L$BWT BM$K 11 IWM B$L XWB 
$L MAWT ALPI $QLIM L"MQWRWT " . R&NN KHN TWB& MMM$LT I$RAL " L&$WT HKL 
KDI LMNW& MHII$WBIM HDRWZIM LMM$ AT HAIWM WL$BWT M$WM $MDWBR B&DH NAMNH 
HMTIICBT LIMIN MDINT I$RAL GM BIMIM ALH " . 

* 

$R HAWCR ICXQ MWD&I W$R HTQ$WRT RPAL PNXSI MNSIM LGIIS RWB &BWR HMW&MDIM 
$HCI&W KL AXD BNPRD LTPQID MNK"L XBRT BZQ . MXRTIIM ITKNS DIRQ@WRIWN 
HXBRH LBXWR AT HMNK"L $IXLIP AT CBI AMID . MWD&I HCI& LM$RH AT $LWM ARD , 
L$&BR SGN MPQD XIL HQ$R WHALQ@RWNIQH . PNXSI HCI& LMNWT LTPQID AT MNK"L 
R$WT HDWAR , ICXQ QAWL . &QB HTNGDWTW $L MWD&I LHC&TW $L PNXSI , SWKM 
KI KL AXD MH$RIM ICI& LDIRQ@WRIWN AT MW&MDW , WXBRI HDIRQ@WRIWN IKRI&W 
BIN H$NIIM . DIRQ@WRIWN BZQ MWNH 51 AI$ , MHM $LW$H NCIGI M$RD HTQ$WRT : 
MNK"L HM$RD ABI DWRWN , &WZR H$R $MWAL &MIAL , WRA$ AGP HKLKLH NICN 
IWCR . LM$RD HAWCR $NI NCIGIM BDIRQ@WRIWN : SGN HMMWNH &L HTQCIBIM WHAXRAI 
&L TXWM HTQ$WRT RM BLINQWB , WSGN HX$B HKLLI BRWK @PR . BAXRWNH CWRPW 
LDIRQ@WRIWN LPI HMLCT H$R PNXSI &QIBA A@WN , WMQWRBW $L PNXSI &MWS BRKH . 
&L - PI HMLCT MWD&I CWRP LDIRQ@WRIWN IHWDH DRWRI , L$&BR HMMWNH &L $WQ 
HHWN BAWCR . IW"R BZQ , IWRM ALS@R , AMR AM$ KI XBRI HDIRQ@WRIWN QIBLW 
MSMK , $BW MPWR@IM QWRWT HXIIM $L $NI HMW&MDIM . ARD WQAWL HWZMNW LHWPI& 
MXRTIIM BPNI HDIRQ@WRIWN . ALS@R AMR KI HWA MQWWH $HBXIRH THIH &L - PI 
$IQWL HD&T HMQCW&I $L HDIRQ@WRIM . 

* 

TNW&T $LWM - &K$IW TWB&T BMKTB L$R HM$P@IM , DN MRIDWR , LHGDIR AT TNW&T 
KK KARGWN @RWRIS@I . BPNIITH @&NH $LWM - &K$IW KI KK &WNH &L HGDRWT ARGWN 
@RWR KPI $NQB&W BXWQ , WBIQ$H M$R HM$P@IM LH&LWT AT HNW$A BI$IBT HMM$LH 
HQRWBH . BMKTBH LMRIDWR @W&NT $LWM - &K$IW KI BAXRWNH XLH HQCNH NIKRT 
BHTB@AWIWTIH WP&WLWTIH $L TNW&T KK . MGMH ZW BAH LKDI BI@WI BQRIAWT LAXWZ 
BN$Q WBAIWMIM LPGW& BAI$IM $WNIM . BTBI&TH , LHGDRT KK KARGWN @RWR , 
MSTMKT $LWM - &K$IW &L HPQWDH LMNI&T @RWR , HMGDIRH ARGWN @RWRIS@I K"XBR 
AN$IM HM$TM$ BP&WLWTIW BM&$I ALIMWT H&LWLIM LGRWM LMWTW $L ADM AW LXBLTW , 
AW BAIWMIM BM&$I ALIMWT LALH " . 

* 

MCBW $L H$W@R &WPR XAGBI , $NDQR ATMWL BBWQR BRX HNBIAIM BIRW$LIM &L 
IDI C&IR &RBI M$KM , MWSIP LHIWT Q$H WHWA @RM ICA MKLL SKNH . XAGBI 
NWTX LM&LH M$$ $&WT BBIH"X HDSH &IN - KRM W&DIIN $WHH BXDR HHTAW$$WT . 
B$&T HDQIRH LA LB$W XAGBI WXBRIW AT APWDI HMGN , KPI $NC@WW H$W@RIM 
L&$WT BAXRWNH . HDWQR AMIN AXMD &BD RABW BN 71 M$KM , NWRH BRGLW WN&CR . 
XAGBI , TW$B NTNIH WCW&R BQWRS SMLIM $L HM$@RH , $HH BIRW$LIM BMSGRT 
KWXWT HTGBWR $HWBAW L&IR MAZ HAIRW&IM BHR HBIT , BBQ&H WBHLWWIIT KHNA . 
ATMWL SMWK L$&H 00 : 9 BBWQR , C&D XAGBI &M $LW$H MXBRIW BRX HNBIAIM 
LID AZWR HMAPIWT , BMHLK SIWR $GRTI . LPT& HGIX MXNWT &CIM BRX HNBIAIM 
41 C&IR &RBI , K$SKIN GDWL BIDW WDQR AT XAGBI BCDW H$MALI , MTXT LLB 
DQIRH &MWQH . XBRW LSIWR B S X$ ALIW , H$KIB AWTW &L HMDRKH W$LP AT 
HSKIN MGWPW . " HWA HTMW@@ &L MKWNIT PGW " , SIPR ATMWL B S , " H$KBTI 
AWTW &L HRCPH WHWCATI AT HSKIN . HRBH DM PRC WNISITI LXSWM AT HDM . 
AMBWLNS HGI& MHR " . $NI H$W@RIM HAXRIM $H$TTPW BSIWR RDPW AXR HDWQR BKIWWN 
MGR$ HXNIH HSMWK WIRW BRGLIW BTT MQL& " &WZI " $BR$WTM . HDWQR NPC& 
BAWRX QL WNLKD . MXQIRTW &WLH KI HWA TW$B $KM HLWMD BMKLLT ABW - DIS . 
LPNI IWMIIM NS& LBQR XBR BIRIXW WATMWL BBWQR HGI& &M AW@WBWS LIRW$LIM . 
HWA PNH LXNWT SKINIM BMZRX H&IR , RK$ SKIN GDWL WM$M C&D RGLIT BM&LH 
RX HNBIAIM , NKNS LXNWT H&CIM WHMTIN . KA$R &BRW ARB&T H$W@RIM BPTX 
HXNWT HGIX HDWQR K$HSKIN BIDW WDQR AT &WPR XAGBI . TWK ZMN QCR X$W LMQWM 
KWXWT M$@RH GDWLIM WCWWTIM $L MD"A . HM @IPLW $&H ARWKH B&WPR XGBI , 
$AIBD DM RB WAIBD AT HKRTW . XGBI HWBA LHDSH &IN - KRM K$HWA LLA DWPQ 
WMWN$M . LAXR @IPWL QCR BXDR MIWN HWA HWKNS MID LXDR HNITWXIM , $M &MLW 
KIRWRGIM &L AIXWI H&CBIM WKLI HDM $NQR&W MHSKIN . MCBW $L HDWQR $NPG& 
BRGL HWGDR QL , WGM HWA NLQX LHDSH &IN KRM $M QIBL @IPWL . H$W@R WXBRIW 
LA LB$W APWDWT MGN WMID LAXR HDQIRH HWRH MPK"L HM$@RH RB NICB I&QB @RNR 
L$W@RIM B&IR LHQPID &L HWRAH ZW . LDWQR LA HIH &BR PLILI , AW BI@XWNI . 
HWA NXQR ARWKWT &L IDI H$B"K , HMNSH LBRR HAM P&L BAWPN &CMAI , AW 
N$LX &L IDI ARGWN WKN MH HIH HMNI& LM&$HW . @RNR AMR KI HIH Q$H LMNW& 
AIRW& KZH . HWA $IBX AT HTGWBH $L H$W@RIM $HIW BSBIBH . " LWLA KN LA 
HIW PWG&IM WTWPSIM AT HDWQR " AMR . @RNR HWRH LBDWQ MDW& LXGABI W$AR 
H$W@RIM LA HIW APWDI MGN , AM KI HDGI$ KI AIN BI@XWN $HDQIRH HITH NMN&T 
GM AM HWA HIH LBW$ APWD . HMPK"L HWSIP KI H$W@RIM SIIRW BQ@& ZH $L HRXWB 
$BIN MWSRARH L$&R $KM , KDI LAB@X MTPLLIM H&W$IM DRKM B$BT LKWTL HM&RBI 
WBXZRH . LAXR HPIGW& NSGR HAZWR WKL HSWXRIM N&LW AT HXNWIWT . ZHW HMQRH 
H$NI $L DQIRT $W@R BAWTW AZWR BTWK &$RH IMIM . 

* 

H&LIIH B$I&WR HQ$I$IM BARC H&MIDH CWRK LBXWN XLWPWT $WNWT LMSGRWT @IPWLIWT 
BQ$I$IM . AXT MHN HIA " HM$PXTWN " , NISWI $H$LIM AT $NT HP&ILWT HRA$WNH 
$LW . R&IWN H"M$PXTWN " PWTX BXSWT HAGWDH LMTN $IRWT LQ$I$IM ( A$"L ) 
WB$ITWP HIXIDH LMP&LIM MIWXDIM BMWSD LBI@WX HLAWMI . H&IQRWN $HNXH AT 
CWWT HPITWX HIH KI M$PXH C&IRH $TQBL LBITH K01 Q$I$IM , TWKL LH&NIQ LHM 
SBIBH XBRTIT TWMKT BM$K RWB $&WT HIWM WTQL &L HCWWT HSI&WDI AW HM$PXH 
AT LXC H@IPWL BQ$I$ . @BRIH NBXRH KATR HNISWI LPRWIQ@ , LAXR $&NTH &L 
$NI QRI@RIWNIM : NKWNWT GBWHH BR$WT HMQWMIT , WM&WRBWT AIN@NSIWWIT $L 
BNI M$PXWT HQ$I$IM B@IPWL BHM . BMIMWN HPRWIQ@ H$TTPW &IRIIT @BRIH , 
HL$KH L$IRWTIM XBRTIIM , L$KT HBRIAWT WQWPT XWLIM . $NI HM$PXTWNIM $HWP&LW 
MSPQIM LQ$I$IM $TI ARWXWT BIWM , &BWDWT , HRCAWT , WHP&LH XBRTIT . 
HQ$I$IM $NBXRW LPRWIQ@ HM B&LI T$I$WT PISIT AW NP$IT , AW TPQWD &CMI 
LQWI , HMTGWRRIM BAWPN &CMAI BBTIHM , WMHWWIM M&MSH @IPWLIT &L BNI HM$PXH . 
LDBRI AN$I HIXIDH LMP&LIM MIWXDIM BMWSD LBI@WX LAWMI , HMWDL $PWTX MTAIM 
LII$WBIM Q@NIM BHM AIN KDAIWT KLKLIT LBNIIT M&WNWT IWM LQ$I$IM . 

* 

RWB MWR$&I M$P@ GB&TI B HXLI@W $LA L&R&R &L HR$&TM W&L GZRI HDIN $HW@LW 
&LIHM LPNI 11 IWM . HNA$MIM HWR$&W BBIT HDIN HCBAI $L PIQWD HDRWM BGRIMT 
XBLH XMWRH WNIDWNW L&WN$I MASR &L TNAI WLHWRDH BDRGH . BIMIM HAXRWNIM 
HTNHLW $IXWT WDIWNIM BIN RWB HNA$MIM LSNIGWRIHM WGWB$H D&H KI AIN MQWM 
L&R&R &L H&WN$IM $HW@LW &LIHM . SML GDI GNBH $HWR$& WNIDWN L&WN$ MASR 
&L TNAI WLHWRDH LDRGT @WRAI , LA I&R&R . NA$M NWSP SML RA$WN ALI $WQRWN , 
$HWR$& WNIDWN L&WN$ MASR &L TNAI WLHWRDH LDRGT @WRAI LA I&R&R . HMWR$& 
HBKIR BIWTR HMG"D RB SRN ICXQ LWI@ A$R HWR$& WNIDWN L&WN$ MASR &L TNAI 
WLHWRDH LDRGT SGN , AMR AM$ KI HN@IIH $L HSNIGWRIM $LW HIA $LA L&R&R 
&L PSQ HDIN WGZR HDIN . LDBRIW BAWPN AI$I HWA HIH B&D &R&WR , AK NWKX 
H$IXWT WHMLCWT HSNIGWRIM , HN@IIH HIA $LA L&R&R LBIT HDIN HCBAI L&R&WRIM . 
&M ZAT , AMR AM$ LWI@ KI HIWM BCHRIM TPWL HHKR&H HSWPIT . NA$M NWSP SGN 
&WPR R$P , HIXIDI $NIDWN L&WN$ MASR $L XWD$IIM BPW&L WHWRDH LDRGT SML , 
HXLI@ L&R&R &L IDI BA KWXW &WRK HDIN M$H I$RAL , AK B$LB ZH @RM HWKN 
H&R&WR HSWPI . AM AKN IGI$ &W"D I$RAL &R&WR LBIT HDIN HCBAI L&R&WRIM , 
HWA ITIIXS LMTN HPQWDWT HBLTI XWQIWT B&LIL $NITNW LXIILIM . GM HTBI&H 
HCBAIT HXLI@H $LA L&R&R &L QWLT H&WN$ , AK BMQRH $MI$HW BQRB HNA$MIM 
$HWR$&W IGI$ &R&WR , TGI$ GM HTBI&H HCBAIT &R&WR NGDI . BNIGWD LNA$MI 
M$P@ GB&TI B HNA$MIM BM$P@ GB&TI A &R&RW BZMNW &L PSQ HDIN WGZR HDIN , 
WMSPR IMIM LAXR $HWG$ H&R&WR , BI@LW AT H&R&WR LAXR $HWB@X LHM KI BCH"L 
IQLW B&WN$M WHM IQBLW XNINH . WAKN &WN$M $L NA$MI M$P@ GB&TI A HWQL . 
MHPRQLI@WT HCBAIT H&BIRW BIMIM HAXRWNIM AT XWMR HXQIRH BKL HQ$WR LQCINIM 
HBKIRIM $$MWTIHM HWZKRW BM$P@ GB&TI B LM$@RH HCBAIT , A$R BWDQT &TH AT 
HXWMR WTZMN LXQIRH AT MX"@ GB&TI L$&BR AL"M API AITM . BKL HQ$WR LALWP 
ICXQ MRDKI WLTT ALWP I&QB AWR , HPRQLI@ HCBAI HRA$I @RM HXLI@ AM LHWRWT 
&L PTIXT HXQIRH BNW$A $LHM . 

* 

MNHL HMXLQH LAPIDMIWLWGIH QLINIT BMRKZ HRPWAI $IBA , PRWP BRWK MWDN , 
ZKH BPRS QRN SMWAL WPAWLH ALQLS Z"L L$NT 0991 . HPRS BSK 51 ALP PRANQIM 
$WWIICRIIM NITN LCWRK BICW& MXQRIM &TIDIIM . PRWP MWDN NBXR PH AXD &L 
PI HMLCT HMD&N HRA$I $L M$RD HBRIAWT , PRWP &WDD ABRMSQI . HPRS NITN 
LW &L MP&L XIIW WTRWMTW HMD&IT WHCIBWRIT BTXWM HAPIDMIWLWGIH HQLINIT . 
PRWP ABRMSQI CIIN KI HPRS HW&NQ &BWR HTRWMH L&RIKT MXQRIM APIDMIWLWGIIM 
$TRMW LHBNT MXLWT KMW SKRT WLXC DM , W&L MXQRIM BHTPTXWT MXLWT , KMW 
LDWGMA HQ$R BIN HQRNWT LMXLT GZZT WHWP&T GIDWLIM AXRIM . ZW H$NH HRBI&IT 
$HPRS MXWLQ LAN$I RPWAH . B&BR QIBLW AT HPRS PRWP GD&WN AWRCQI MHMRKZ 
HRPWAI " HDSH " , PRWP $M&WN GLIQ , KDIQN HPQWL@H LMD&I HBRIAWT BAWNIBRSI@T 
BN GWRIWN WD"R AITN BRN& MBIT HXWLIM RMB"M BXIPH . 

* 

WA$ING@WN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . PQIDI MM$L BWWA$ING@WN AWMRIM KI HN$IA 
BW$ MTKNN AT HMTQPH HCBAIT NGD KWXWT HKIBW$ $L &IRAQ BKWWIIT LTQWPT HABIB , 
LAXR $H&ICWMIM HKLKLIIM NGD &IRAQ I$PI&W , WLAXR SIWM HTQWPH HG$WMH , 
$BH I$ QW$I GDWL LNIIDWT KWXWT TWQPIM BAZWR KWWIIT WDRWM &IRAQ . PQIDI 
HMM$L , HMCW@@IM $LA LIIXWS B&ITWNWT HAMRIQAIT BSWP H$BW& , AWMRIM KI 
Q$H L$&R $BW$ IXLI@ LNQW@ P&WLH IZWMH B@RM HG&T HKWXWT HAMRIQAIIM HNWSPIM 
LS&WDIH , $TW$LM KNRAH RQ BAMC& INWAR . BIN INWAR LMARS &DIIN I$RWR 
MZG AWWIR LA NWX LLXIMH WBTXILT MARS IXL XWD$ HRMDAN , $LQRAT SIWMW IIMCAW 
MAWT ALPIM WAWLI MILIWNIM $L MWSLMIM MRXBI H&WLM &L ADMT S&WDIH , LCWRK 
HXAG . HCPI $L MWMXIM L&NIINI HGNH BWWA$ING@WN , APWA , HWA KI AWL@IMA@WM 
HTQPI $L MM$L BW$ IIDXH &D LXWD$IM APRIL - MAI $L H$NH HBAH , AP KI QIIMT 
MWD&WT RBH BMM$L LB&IITIWT HPWLI@IT $BHXZQT KWXWT GDWLIM BTXWMI S&WDIH 
B&T QIWMW $L HXAG . WA$ING@WN MM$IKH BINTIIM L$LWX AIWMIM NGD KWXWT HKIBW$ 
$L &IRAQ BKWWIIT . MZKIR HHGNH $L ARH"B , RICARD CIINI , AMR $L$WM 
KI HMM$L AINW MTKWWN LHXLIP AT HKWXWT HMWCBIM BMPRC B$I@H $L RW@ACIH . 
HWD&TW M$QPT $INWI BMDINIWT HMM$L , $HKRIZ LPNI KXWD$ $BKWWNTW LHXLIP 
AT HXIILIM HMWCBIM BS&WDIH &L BSIS QBW& . MWMXIM AXDIM AMRW KI M@RT HHWD&H 
HIA LHXRIP AT HAIWM HHTQPI &L &IRAQ WLAWTT KI AWPCIH HTQPIT &$WIH LHINQ@ 
BQRWB . MWMXIM AXRIM SBWRIM KI HSIBH P$W@H IWTR : AM IWZRMW KWXWT GDWLIM 
KL - KK LMPRC , LA IIMCAW KWXWT MSPIQIM B&WRP KDI LHXLIP AT ALH $BXZIT . 
PQIDI MM$L $CW@@W B&ITWNWT HAMRIQAIT BSWP H$BW& , AMRW KI HXL@T HMM$L 
LHWDI& &L PRI$T KWXWT NWSPIM BMPRC NWB&T MHRCWN LHDQ AT HLXC &L &IRAQ , 
KDI $SDAM XWSIIN " IXZWR L&$TWNWTIW " . " HMPTX HWA L$LWX LBGDAD MSR 
BRWR , $AI - AP$R L@&WT BW , KI ANXNW RCINIIM " , AMR ATMWL MZKIR HMDINH , 
GIIMS BIIQR , B@RM $WBW LWWA$ING@WN MMS& BN $BW& BBXRIIN , S&WDIH , 
MCRIM , @WRQIH , BRIH"M , LWNDWN WPARIS . LDBRIW , QIBL AT HSKMT 
RA$I HMDINWT HLLW L$IMW$ BKWX NGD &IRAQ , AM HAWPCIWT HAXRWT LA IP&LW . 
BMHLK SIWRW NPG$ BIIQR GM &M $R HXWC $L SIN , B&T $$HH BQHIR . BIIQR 
AMR ATMWL KI HXI$WQIM HMHDQIM AT XBRI HKWX HRB - LAWMI BMPRC NWTRW AITNIM , 
WKI XILWQI HD&WT HIXIDIM HM B$ALH KMH ZMN LHMTIN KDI LAP$R L&ICWMIM HKLKLIIM 
LP&WL AT P&WLTM . BIIQR NPG$ ATMWL &M N$IA CRPT , PRANSWAH MI@RAN . 
$NI HMNHIGIM AMRW KI HQWALICIH NGD &IRAQ AITNH WMAWXDT WAP TI$AR KK . 
AP AXD MHM LA $LL AT HAWPCIH HCBAIT KDI LALC AT &IRAQ LCAT MKWWIIT , 
AK CRPT AMRH KI TILXM RQ &L BSIS $L HXL@T AW"M MPWR$T . $IXWTIW $L BIIQR 
BPARIS HIW HQRI@IWT BIWTR , MKIWWN $PQIDIM AMRIQAIM AMRW $AIN ZH BRWR 
AM GDWDIM CRPTIIM I$TTPW BLXIMH . PARIS HITH TXNTW HAXRWNH $L BIIQR BSIWRW . 
BBIQWRW BBRI@NIH SIKM BIIQR &M RA$ HMM$LH , MARGR@ TACR , KI MW&CT HBI@XWN 
$L HAW"M TTBQ$ $WB LA$R $IMW$ BKWX KDI LPNWT AT &IRAQ MKWWIIT . RA$ HMM$LH , 
MRGR@ TACR , SBWRH $HHXL@WT $KBR NTQBLW &L - IDI HMW&CH MAP$RWT HTQPH 
&L &IRAQ , AK HSKIMH LQBL AI$WR NWSP LKK . BIIQR MSR LTACR $BRIH"M WSIN 
LA I@ILW W@W &L HC&T HXL@H KZAT . GWRMIM AMRIQAIIM MSRW , MPI PQID BKIR 
BPMLIITW $L $R HXWC , $BIIQR MPQPQ BRCWNM $L HSWRIM LHIWT M&WRBIM BHTQPH 
&L &IRAQ . MWMXIM BWWA$ING@WN AWMRIM KI B$BW&WT HQRWBIM IM$IK HMM$L LHDQ 
AT HLXC &L SDAM XWSIIN BMI$WR HMDINI WBMI$WR HCBAI . BMI$WR HMDINI , 
IIM$KW HHTII&CWIWT BIN HMDINWT HXBRWT BQWALICIH HAN@I - &IRAQIT , II$M&W 
HCHRWT NWQ$WT WIINQ@W IWZMWT NWSPWT BAW"M , BNWSP &L HC&T HHXL@H $TTIR 
$IMW$ BKWX NGD &IRAQ , BMQRH HCWRK , A$R WA$ING@WN M&BDT &TH BSIW& &MITWTIH 
BAW"M . BMI$WR HCBAI , IWZRMW KWXWT AMRIQAIIM NWSPIM LXCI - HAI - &RB , 
KDI LHGI& LMCBT KWXWT $L 000 , 034 AI$ BTXILT H$NH HBAH . BSIWM HPRI$H 
HMTWKNNT , T$TWWH &WCMTW HQRQ&IT $L HKWX HRB - LAWMI L&WCMT HCBA H&IRAQI 
WTWGBR MAWD &WCMTW HAWWIRIT WHIMIT . BMSIBT &ITWNAIM AMR CIINI , KI HTGBWRT 
KWLLT , BIN HITR , $LW$ NW$AWT M@WSIM , ANIIT M&RKH , LM&LH M000 , 
001 XIILIM WMLXIM WMAWT @NQIM MDGM AM - 1 - AII - 1 , HNX$B L@NQ HM&RKH 
HAMRIQAI HXDI$ BIWTR . HTGBWRT KWLLT GM $TI DIWWIZIWT $RIWN HMWCBWT KIWM 
BGRMNIH . KWX HHTQPH IW$LM &D RA$IT H$NH HBAH WIHIH ZH HKWX HCBAI HAMRIQAI 
HGDWL BIWTR B$@X ZR MAZ WII@NAM ; CBA ARH"B BWWII@NAM HGI& L000 , 345 
B9691 . XBRIM BKIRIM BQWNGRS M$TI HMPLGWT MTXW BIQWRT XRIPH &L KK $BW$ 
LA NW&C BHM B@RM HXLI@ &L HGDLT MCBT HKWXWT BMPRC . BIN HMBQRIM HIH GM 
XBR BIT HNBXRIM WILIAM BRWMPILD , AI$ MPLGTW $L BW$ , $HWA HRPWBLIQAI 
HBKIR BIWTR BWW&DT HXWC $L HQWNGRS . B$BW&WT HAXRWNIM HXLH LHTARGN BARH"B 
TNW&H GDWLH $L $XWRIM , HMTNGDIM LMLXMH BMPRC , BCD KMH QBWCWT AN@I - 
MLXMTIWT Q@NWT $AINN MBWSSWT &L MAPIINIM GZ&IIM . SQR D&T - QHL $N&RK 
B$BW& $&BR BQRB AZRXIM $H$TTPW BBXIRWT LBTI HNBXRIM HAMRIQAIIM ( B@RM 
HWD&T HN$IA &L M$LWX HKWXWT HNWSPIM ) , M&LH KI % 17 MBIN HN$ALIM HLBNIM 
CIDDW BHCBT HKWXWT HAMRIQAIIM BMPRC WRQ % 44 M$XWRI H&WR AMRW KI HM TWMKIM 
BHCBT HKWXWT HAMRIQAIIM $M . $RI HXWC $L MCRIM W$L S&WDIH , D"R AICMT 
&BD AL - MGID WS&WD AL - PIISL , NPG$W ATMWL &M HN$IA ASD B&IR HNML L@QIH . 
HM DNW B$ALH AM LH$TTP BMTQPH AMRIQAIT AP$RIT &L &IRAQ WKICD LHTIIXS 
LHC&T HXL@H $MTKWWNT ARH"B LH&BIR BMW&CT HBI@XWN $L HAW"M , $LPIH TAWZKR 
BPIRW$ AWPCIH CBAIT KNGD &IRAQ . SWRIH T$LX 21 ALP XIILIM NWSPIM LS&WDIH 
B$BW&WT HQRWBIM . LPI $&H NMCAIM BS&WDIH 000 , 7 XIILIM SWRIIM W43 ALP 
XIILIM MCRIIM . PQID AMRIQAI BKIR AMR BIWM $I$I , KI ARH"B LA HKINH HC&T 
HXL@H LMW&CT HBI@XWN $L HAW"M LGBI $IMW$ BKWX NGD &IRAQ . SIN HWDI&H ATMWL 
KI LA TMHR LTMWK BHXL@T AW"M $TTIR $IMW$ BKWX NGD &IRAQ . $R HXWC QWAN 
QICN IWCA HIWM LBGDAD . ZHW HBIQWR HRA$WN $L $R $L MDINH HXBRH BAWPN 
QBW& BMW&CT HBI@XWN . QICN AMR KI KL HXL@T AW"M LP&WLH CBAIT THIH KRWKH 
BHTII&CWIWT MPWR@WT . BTWM $IXWTIW &M &MITW HIRDNI AMR QICN KI LIRDN 
WLSIN &MDH M$WTPT BIXS LM$BR . BMSIBT &ITWNAIM BGRMNIH AMR N$IA BRIH"M , 
MIKAIL GWRBCWB , KI @W&IM MI $SBWRIM $AP$R IHIH LTQW& @RIZ BXZIT HBIN - 
LAWMIT NGD &IRAQ . HWA AMR $I$ LMCWT AT KL HAP$RWIWT HPWLI@IWT WHDIPLWM@IWT 
KDI LPTWR AT HM$BR BMPRC BDRKI $LWM . IWMIIM AXRI $WBW $L HMNHIG HSWCIAL - 
DMWQR@I , WILI BRAND@ , M$LIXWT B&IRAQ , HIW AM$ XILWQI D&WT &L HCLXT 
HMS& . BRAND@ HBIA &MW LPRANQPWR@ 081 BNI - &RWBH M&IRAQ , BHM K021 
GRMNIM . HMM$LH H$MRNIT BBWN HWDTH LBRAND@ &L H$LIXWT , LMRWT $B$LBIM 
HRA$WNIM HSTIIGH MMNH . H$INWI B&MDT HQANCLR QWHL KLPI H$LIXWT NB& MMS& 
HBXIRWT HMTNHL BGRMNIH , WLXCN $L M$PXWT BNI - H&RWBH LP&WL L@WBT IQIRIHN 
H$WHIM B&IRAQ . H$GRIR H&IRAQI BWWA$ING@WN , MWXMD CADQ AL - M$A@ , 
AMR BIWM XMI$I KI HTQPH AMRIQAIT NGD KWXWT &IRAQ TRXIQ AT KL H&RBIM . 
H$GRIR AMR AT DBRIW KMH $&WT LAXR HWD&T HN$IA BW$ &L $IGWR TGBWRT LMPRC . 
BHTIIXSW LHTQPH AMRIQAIT AP$RIT AMR M$A@ : " ATM M@RIDIM AT HBXWRIM 
$LKM &L LA DBR WHHTQPH TBIA AT H&WINWT $L KL H&RBIM WKL HMWSLMIM , MPNI 
$ATM HWLKIM LBC& P&WLT TWQPNWT NGD &IRAQ MMDINH MWSLMIT AXRT , MARC QDW$H " . 


* 

BM&RKT HBI@XWN HWXL BII$WM HHGBLWT &L TW$BI H$@XIM . M&RKT HBI@XWN H&BIRH 
LM$@RH R$IMH $L K004 , 2 $MWT $L PL$TINAIM BGDH , $LA IWR$W LHIKNS LI$RAL 
KBR BIMIM HQRWBIM . HM IQBLW T&WDWT ZHWT IRWQWT . MQWRWT BM&RKT HBI@XWN 
AMRW KI HKWWNH HIA LMNW& KNISTM $L B&LI &BR PLILI LI$RAL . GM B&ZH HWXL 
BII$WM HHGBLWT ; XWLQW KR@ISIM MGN@IIM NWSPIM WNASRH KNISTM LI$RAL $L 
TW$BIM RBIM . MQWRWT PL$TINIIM DIWWXW &L $NI MQRI RCX W&L XMI$H NISIWNWT 
LRCX &L RQ& L$ITWP P&WLH , $AIR&W BSWP H$BW& B&ZH . MQWRWT CBAIIM MSRW 
KI BAXRWNH XLH &LIIH BMSPR MQRI HRCX B$L X$D L$ITWP P&WLH , B&IQR BAMC&WT 
N$Q XM . BBIT HXWLIM $IPA NP@RH A$H BT 55 , MDLILH AL - &MSI , MMXNH 
HPLI@IM NWSIIRAT , $NDQRH LPNI $BW&IIM &L - IDI R&WLI PNIM , LAXR $NX$DH 
B$ITWP P&WLH . ATMWL XNQW R&WLI - PNIM LMWWT AT RIAD MXMWD , BN 52 , 
MMXNH HPLI@IM $A@I ; BRPIX NWRH LMWWT MRWWAN &BDALLH RIB&WWI , BN 82 . 
R&WLI PNIM BRPIX IRW BAIID &L - &DI , BN 25 , LID M$RDI HMNHL HAZRXI . 
HWA NPC& Q$H . BIWM $$I NDQR BXAN IWNS XARBI $QRH , BN 63 ; HWA NPC& 
Q$H WNLQX LBIT HXWLIM . BGIBALIH HIW $NI NISIWNWT LRCX &L RQ& X$D L$ITWP 
P&WLH . DWBR M$@RT NPT &ZH , SGN - NICB IGAL GWLN , MSR KI HM$@RH XWQRT 
AT KL HMQRIM HLLW . BXLQM , AMR , MDWBR BRCX &L RQ& PLILI . WAILW 
MQWRWT PL$TINIIM GWRSIM KI KL HMQRIM HM &L RQ& $ITWP P&WLH , LMRWT $LXLQ 
MHM&WRBIM &BR PLILI . QPIDBINBRCW&H HITH BIWM $$I $BITH KLLIT . MQWRWT 
PL$TINIIM MSRW &L XMI$H TW$BIM $NPC&W B&IMWTIM &M HCBA . DWBR CH"L MSR 
KI LA NR$MW PCW&IM . HIWM IIM$K H&WCR BRWB MXNWT HPLI@IM BRCW&H . MQWRWT 
CBAIIM MSRW KI AM IHIH $Q@ , IWSR H&WCR LSIRWGIN . QPIDBINBSWP H$BW& 
DWWX &L MSPR MW&@ $L AIRW&IM BGDH . BIWM $$I HTQIIMH $BITH KLLIT LCIWN 
HXWD$ H63 LTXILT HHTQWMMWT . RWB $@XI HGDH HM&RBIT HIW NTWNIM BSGR CBAI . 
MQWRWT PL$TINIIM @&NW KI BTQRIT BSIWM HTPILH BMSGDIM NPC& AISLAM GIBRIL , 
BN 61 , TW$B MXNH HPLI@IM &IN BIT ALMH , MQLI& BRGLW . BQASBH $L $KM 
HITH ATMWL THLWKH $L TWMKI HXZIT H&MMIT L$XRWR PL$TIN LCIWN $NH LTPI$T 
XWLIIT " HN$R HADWM " B$KM WLMWTW $L RA$ HXWLIH , AIIMN RWZH . B&QBWT 
HTHLWKH HTPTXW HTNG$WIWT BMRKZ H&IR , WXIILI CH"L IRW RIMWNI GZ MTCPIWT 
CBAIWT $&L HGGWT KDI LPZR MIIDI ABNIM . NMSR &L RIMWN GZ $NIPC $M$TH 
$L MKWNIT . BSWP H$BW& H@IL CH"L &WCR &L HKPR A - ZAWWIH BNPT GNIN , 
LAXR $R&WLI PNIM NISW LDQWR AT MWKTR HKPR , ARWN BRQIN , BN 85 , $NX$D 
B$ITWP P&WLH &M I$RAL . HMWKTR LA NPG& . 

* 

AW % 81 , AW LH&LWT AT MSI HQNIIH , KDI LCMCM AT HGIR&WN HCPWI BTQCIB 
HMDINH L$NT 1991 , $IWG$ LMM$LH B&WD $BW&IIM . BXWGIM KLKLIIM BIRW$LIM 
GWBRT HTMIKH BH&LAT N@L HMSIM &L HCIBWR , B&IQR MSI HQNIIH , LCWRK MIMWN 
HWCAWT HQLI@H . BAXRWNH HTXZQH HH&RKH $LA IHIH AP$R LGIIS BXW"L XLQ NKBD 
MHSKWM HDRW$ LMIMWN HQLI@H , KPI $HNIXH HTWKNIT HKLKLIT $L M$RD HAWCR . 
BKMH RAIWNWT BRDIW BSWP H$BW& HC@RP GM &MWS RWBIN , IW&CW HKLKLI $L 
RA$ HMM$LH , LTWMKIM BH&LAT $I&WR HM&"M . BIWM XMI$I AMR GM NGID BNQ 
I$RAL MIKAL BRWNW $LA IHIH MNWS MHKBDT N@L HMSIM &L HCIBWR , KDI LMMN 
AT HWCAWT HQLI@H . I$ LCIIN $LPNI KXWD$IIM , KA$R HTNHLW HDIWNIM &L 
HTWKNIT HKLKLIT BIN NCIGI HAWCR WBNQ I$RAL , HTGL&W XILWQI D&WT XRIPIM 
BIN $NI HCDDIM LGBI GWDL HGIR&WN HMWTR . BBNQ I$RAL AMRW $AP$R LQIIM 
GIR&WN HRBH IWTR GDWL BTQWPH ZW $L &LIIH MASIWWIT , KA$R AIN T&SWQH MLAH 
BM$Q , WAILW BAWCR HTNGDW LHGDLT HGIR&WN M&BR LQW MSWIM . BAWCR HTXILW 
LDWN BRMH &QRWNIT &L HGDLT MSI HQNIIH LPNI $BW&WT AXDIM , ABL $WM HC&H 
PWRMALIT &DIIN LA GWB$H . BKIRIM BAWCR MDGI$IM $AIN $WM KWWNH B$LB ZH 
LH&LWT AT $I&WRI MS HHKNSH , WMCIINIM $C&D ZH &LWL LPGW& BHM$K HCMIXH . 
QPIDBINLRA$WNH BI$RAL IWTNW KMH S&IPIM BTQCIB L$NT 1991 BRMT HKNSH MSWIMT . 
KLWMR , AM HMM$LH LA TCLIX LGIIS AT SKWM HHKNSWT $TWKNN BTQCIB , HIA 
TC@RK LQCC BSKWM HHWCAWT BAWPN PRWPWRCIWNALI . ZAT B$L HAI - WDAWT LGBI 
IKWLTH $L HMM$LH LGIIS AT HHKNSWT HDRW$WT . KMW KN QIIMT AI - BHIRWT 
LGBI SKWM HHWCAWT HDRW$WT , MKIWWN $AIN IWD&IM BDIWQ KMH &WLIM IGI&W 
B$NH HBAH , WHH&RKWT N&WT BIN 051 ALP L004 ALP . TQCIB 1991 IGI& LK07 
MILIARD $QL . S&IP TQCIB HBI@XWN &DIIN LA SWKM , KI M$RD HBI@XWN MTNGD 
LHC&T HAWCR $HWA IQCC 002 MILIWN $QL MTQCIBW B$NH HBAH , BAMC&WT HWRDT 
TNAI $IRWT HQB& WQICWC M$M&WTI BMSPR IMI HMILWAIM MDI $NH . GM BLWBI 
HXBRTI BKNST HWB&H BAXRWNH HTNGDWT XRIPH LHC&T HAWCR LQCC BQCBAWT HBI@WX 
HLAWMI WLDRW$ MKL MQBLI HQCBAWT L&BWR MBXN HKNSWT . 

* 

HDWLR NXL$ BIXS LMRBIT HM@B&WT H&IQRIIM BIWM W . BDRK KLL IRD $&R HDWLR 
B$I&WR MTWN BMSXR &M HM@B&WT HAIRWPIIM WNXL$ B$I&WR XD RQ BMSXR &M HIN 
HIPANI , $$&RW NPL MAWD BIMI HMSXR HAXRWNIM . HDWLR HXL LHXL$ B&QBWT 
IDI&WT &L KWWNT HPDRL RZRB LHPXIT AT $&RI HRIBIT BARH"B . KLKLNIM CIINW 
KI HKLKLH HAMRIQAIT NICBT BPNI TQWPH $L HA@H M$M&WTIT WHNTWNIM HAXRWNIM 
MCBI&IM &L KK $MGMH ZW TLK WTXRIP BXWD$IM HQRWBIM . HIDI&WT &L KWWNT HPDRL 
RZRB LQCC B$&RI HRIBIT BARH"B ZKW LM$NH TWQP AXRI PRSWM NTWNI MDD HMXIRIM 
HSI@WNAIIM LXWD$ AWQ@WBR . &L PI MDD ZH , $PWRSM BIWM W , &LTH RMT 
HMXIRIM HSI@WNAIT B%1 . 1 HRBH M&L LNTWN $L % 7 . 0 $NXZH &L IDI H$WQ . 
IXD &M ZAT , HKLKLNIM CIINW KI BNIKWI H&LIIH BMXIRI HANRGIH WHMZWN , 
&LH MDD ZH B$I&WR ZHH L&LIIH BXWD$ SP@MBR WH&RIKW KI I$ BKK KDI LHCBI& 
&L HQICWC HCPWI BRIBIT BARH"B . QPIDBINHMARQ HWSIP WHTXZQ BIWM W BMSXR 
&M HLIR@H WHPRNQ HCRPTI BMSGRT HMSXR BAIRWPH . HSWXRIM CIINW KI XWSR 
HNKWNWT $L RA$I 7 HMDINWT HMTW&$WT HMWBILWT LHIPG$ &L MNT LDWN BM&MD HDWLR 
B$WQ HKSPIM MCBI& &L M&MDW HAITN $L HMARQ B$WQ HPINNSI . HMARQ @IPS WHGI& 
LRMH $L 5958 . 257 LIR@WT L&WMT $&R $L 257 LIR@WT &M PTIXT HMSXR . HM$K 
NISIWNW $L HBNQ HMRKZI $L AI@LIH LBLWM AT HXL$WT HLIR@H &L IDI MKIRT MARQIM , 
LA HCLIX . $&RI SGIRH NIW IWRQ

* 

RA$ &NP KLKLH BMINHL HAZRXI BIHWDH W$WMRWN $LX BIMIM ALH MKTBIM LXBRWT 
HGZ , WBHM HWDI& &L XIDW$ HIWZMH LHQMT TXNWT LMILWI GZ B$@XIM . AT HHITRIM 
LHQMT HTXNWT IITN MTAM HP&WLWT B$@XIM , $MWAL GWRN . GWRN QWB& KI KL 
XBRT GZ THIH R$AIT LBQ$ LHQIM $TI TXNWT MILWI B$@XIM , HAXT BGDH WH$NIIH 
BRCW&T &ZH . XBRWT HGZ HWWTIQWT LA HIW $B&WT RCWN LMQRA MKTBIM ALH . 
L@&NTN , HPIQWX &L HWBLT HGZ MH$@XIM LTXWMI HQW HIRWQ HWA MMILA LWQH 
BXSR , WHQMT TXNWT HMILWI HXD$WT RQ TXRIP AT HMCB . XBRWT HGZ HTRI&W 
LA AXT BPNI GWRMI HBI@XWN &L TWP&H $L HBRXT GZ MH$@XIM ( BMKLIM HCBW&IM 
BKXWL ) LTXWMI HQW HIRWQ . HXBRWT MTKWWNWT LH&LWT MXD$ AT B&IIT HB@IXWT 
HNWG&T LMILWI HMKLIM B$@XIM BPNI HPWRWMIM HMTAIMIM BM$RD HANRGIH . 

* 

QWPT XWLIM HKLLIT HGI&H LHSKM &M AXD MMNTXI HLB HBKIRIM , MMRKZ RPWAI 
BMRKZ HARC , L&MWD BRA$ MXLQT NITWXI LB BBIT XWLIM " KRML " BXIPH , 
BMQWMW $L PRWP GD&WN MRIN . MRIN PW@R LPNI $BW& B$L HPRT HSKM , K@&NT 
HQWPH . &L KK HWDI& $L$WM SMNK"L WRA$ HX@IBH HRPWAIT $L HQWPH , PRWP 
IAIR $PIRA , BTGWBH LHA$MWTIW $L RA$ &IRIIT XIPH , ARIH GWRAL , KI 
PI@WRI PRWP MRIN HM PGI&H BTW$BIM , WKI &ZIBTW AT MXLQT NITWXI LB B"KRML " 
TGRWM LHTPWRRWTH . GWRAL QRA LIW"R QWP"X LII$B AT XILWQI HD&WT BDRK $L 
M$A WMTN . LPRWP MRIN HIH HSKM &M QWPT XWLIM HKLLIT $HB@IX LW MDI XWD$ 
M$KWRT $L 24 ALP $QL , WBTMWRH NASR &LIW LNTX BAWPN PR@I . LPNI ZMN 
MH HWDI& MRIN $BKWWNTW LNTX XWLIM BAWPN PR@I B"MRKZ XWRB " , WBIQ$ AT 
AI$WR HQWPH . LAXR M$A WMTN &M HHNHLH HWA QIBL HWD&T PI@WRIN HAMWRIM 
LHIKNS LTWQP B19 . 2 . 1 . HNHLT QWP"X HWDI&H LPRWP MRIN $AINH MWKNH L&RB 
RPWAH PR@IT BCIBWRIT , WKI HDBR IPG& B&BWDH HSDIRH BBIT HXWLIM . L@&NT 
HHNHLH , LQX PRWP MRIN &MW RWPAIM MRDIMIM MBIT HXWLIM KRML LNITWXIM BMRKZ 
HRPWAI XWRB . PRWP MRIN @&N $HDBR N&$H MXWC L$&WT H&BWDH $LW . LDBRI 
IW"R MW&CT HMNHLIM $L HQWPH , D"R MQSIM $IINPLD , " &M KL HH&RKH 
LIW$RW $L MRIN , AIN LNW SPQ $&BWDH B$NI HMWSDWT TICWR NIGWD AIN@RSIM " . 
$IINPLD AP HBI& PLIATW &L DBRI RA$ H&IRIIH , WH@&IM KI " HMDWBR B&NIIN 
&QRWNI $L KIBWD HSKMIM W$MIRH &L RPWAH CIBWRIT " . DWBRT QWPT XWLIM BXIPH 
WHCPWN IWKI BAWAR MSRH KI QWPT XWLIM HKLLIT PI@RH AT PRWP MRIN MKIWWN 
$BIC& NITWXIM PR@IIM BNIGWD LHSKM MPWR$ &MW . L@&NTH HTNGD B$&TW PRWP 
MRIN BXWWT D&T $HGI$ LWW&DT MWMXIM , LPTIXT MXLQT LB BBIT HXWLIM HCIBWRI 
QPLN BRXWBWT . BH B$&H , AMRH HDWBRT , HWA LA HISS LHMLIC BXWWT D&T 
M$P@IT &L HCWRK BMXLQH NWSPT BXIPH BBIT HXWLIM XWRB , &L AP $PW&LWT B&IR 
KBR $TI MXLQWT BBTI XWLIM CIBWRIIM . PRWP $PIRA AMR $HNHLT QWPT XWLIM 
MWKNH LQBL AT PRWP MRIN XZRH L&BWDH AM IPSIQ LNTX BMRKZ HRPWAI HPR@I . 
PRWP MRIN SIRB LHGIB BSWP H$BW& , AK BRAIWN $HTPRSM $L$WM B"KLBW " 
HWA AMR : " KL RCWNI HIH $IAP$RW LI LAXR HTMSRWT $L $MWNH $NIM LNTX 
GM BMRKZ XWRB . HWD&TI $ANI MWWTR &L HPICWI HKSPI &QB AWBDN HKNSH . 
HTXIIBTI $HQCB H$BW&I $L HNITWXIM BBIT HXWLIM KRML II$AR BRMTW WAP IGDL . 
HTXIIBTI GM $KL NITWX PR@I II&RK BIMIM WB$&WT $AIN BHM NITWXIM BBBIT 
HXWLIM KRML . HSIDWR $HC&TI HIH @WB LQWP"X W@WB LXWLIM . ABL $WM DBR 
LA &ZR . AIN LI $MC $L MW$G MDW& MTNKLIM DWWQA LI , WANI M&DIP LA LTT 
LZH KRG& PIRW$IM " . 

* 

PRWIQ@IM XD$IM BMXQR WPITWX BHIQP KWLL $L $MWNH MILIWN DWLR , HM$WTPIM 
LXBRWT I$RALIWT WAMRIQAIWT , IWG$W LMW&CT HMNHLIM $L HQRN HDW - LAWMIT 
LMW"P I$RAL - ARH"B $TTKNS H$BW& BIRW$LIM . HPRWIQ@IM HM BTXWMI ALQ@RWNIQH , 
MX$BIM , TWKNH , @LQWMWNIQCIH WM&RKWT BQRH . AT I$RAL MIICGIM BQRN 
MNK"LI M$RDI HT&$IIH WHAWCR WHMD&N HRA$I $L M$RD HT&$IIH WHMSXR . AT 
ARH"B MIICGIM NCIGI M$RD HT&$IIH , HXWC , WMKWN HTQNIM HAMRIQAI . CBI 
QWRN , MNK"L M$RD HT&$IIH , CIIN KI M$RDW NWTN &DIPWIWT LPRWIQ@IM BHM 
M$TPWT P&WLH XBRWT AMRIQAIWT XD$WT , &M XBRWT I$RALIWT . B$NT 0991 , 
IGI&W HMKIRWT HMC@BRWT MPITWXIM B&ZRT HQRN LSKWM HQRWB LKMILIARD DWLR . 
HQRN HDW - LAWMIT LMXQR WPITWX HWQMH B$NT 7791 . B$NH ZW , HPQIDW ARH"B 
WI$RAL KL AXD 03 MILIWN DWLR BQRN , K$HRIBIT &L HH$Q&H M$M$T LMIMWN PRWIQ@IM 
M$WTPIM BTXWM HMXQR WHPITWX . BMRWCT HZMN , HW&LH SKWM HQRN L011 MILIWN 
DWLR . 

* 

BWQR AXD , LPNI KXMI$H XWD$IM , HTIICBW SRGII , WWLIH , MI$H W$TI 
MZWWDWT &L HD$A $L QIBWC RWXMH . SRGII DWBRWBICQI , RWPA QRDIWLWG B&L 
WTQ $L 11 $NIM BBRIH"M , NTWN &TH B&ICWMN $L BXINWT BBTI - XWLIM $WNIM 
BRXBI HARC ; R&IITW WWLIH , MHNDST PNAWM@IQH HIDRAWLIT , &BDH BBRIH"M 
BMP&L - &NQ LIICWR XLQIM LSPW@NIQ , W&TH HIA MXP$T DRKIM LH$TLB KAN BTXWM 
HMAWD SPCIPI $LH ; BNM MI$H BN H8 HIH BINTIIM LMIKAL , WBSIW& HQIBWC 
&BR GM BRIT MILH , " KDI $LA IHPWK LA@RQCIH BMQLXT HM$WTPT " . BNI M$PXT 
DWBRWBICQI ZKW LMCWT &D TWM AT MW$G HQLI@H HI$IRH . LI$RAL HM HGI&W B82 
BMAI , WBIWM HMXRT KBR CPW MMRPST BITH $L AXWTW $L SRGII BNXITT HMXBLIM 
BXWP NICNIM . $BW&IIM MAWXR IWTR HTIICBW BQIBWC . BKK HIW L$LW$H MBIN 
K008 , 1 H&WLIM H&W$IM AT C&DI HQLI@H HRA$WNIM BI$RAL BMSGRT HTNW&H HQIBWCIT . 
C&D Q@N LQLI@H , $HWA C&D GDWL LQIBWC , HMTQ$H &DIIN LHTMWDD &M M$IMT 
HQLI@H . BDIWN $HTQIIM LA MKBR BMKWN WN - LIR BNW$A " HIHIH HQIBWC QIIM 
BMAH H12 " , KRK HPRWP LKLKLH ASP RZIN AT &TIDW $L HQIBWC B&TIDH $L H&LIIH . 
" MH $SIPQ B&BR AT HDLQ LQIBWCIM HN HM$IMWT HLAWMIWT $N@L &L &CMW . 
GM &TH IKWL HQIBWC LHPIQ MQLI@T H&LIIH TW&LT XBRTIT WKLKLIT , KMW GM 
H$P&H PWLI@IT " . PRWP RZIN HIH HIXID $HCBI& &L TRWMT HQLI@H LQIBWC . 
ITR HDWBRIM BDIWN , NCIGI HTNW&WT HQIBWCIWT , LA HPNIMW &DIIN AT HQLI@H 
KMRKIB MKRI& BTHLIK $IQWMM WHI$RDWTM $L HQIBWCIM . BM$K XWD$IM ARWKIM 
HTARGNH HTNW&H HQIBWCIT &L $LW$ ZRW&WTIH HTQ"M , HQIBWC HARCI WHQIBWC 
HDTI LPRWIQ@ HM$WTP $L " BIT RA$WN BMWLDT " . HMDWBR BTWKNIT XCI - $NTIT , 
$BMSGRTH LWMDIM H&WLIM BAWLPN , GRIM BQIBWC WMQBLIM MMNW AT KL H$IRWTIM . 
HTMWRH HKSPIT ( 053 , 1 $QL LXWD$ LM$PXH BT $LW$ NP$WT ) MNWKH MSL 
HQLI@H $L H&WLIM WAIN &MH RWWX LQIBWCIM . H&WLIM AMWRIM LTT LQIBWC IWM 
&BWDH AXD BXWD$ . KL $&T &BWDH NWSPT , B$KR $L $$H $QLIM L$&H , MNWKH 
MHT$LWM . BD BBD MTQIIMT BQIBWCIM MSGRT NWSPT $L AWLPN , HMIW&DT LC&IRIM 
WLIXIDIM . APILW ICIRT MSGRT P$W@H ZW ARKH XWD$IM ARWKIM . XWSR 
HHTLHBWT $L HQIBWCIM , HNTWNIM BM$BR KLKLI WXBRTI Q$H , HIH RQ MRKIB 
AXD $&IKB AT HP&LT HMSGRT . &MDTW H&WINT $L M$RD HQLI@H KLPI HQIBWCIM 
H"@RPIM " LA HQLH AP HIA . ALA $HZMN W&MW MCWQT HQLI@H &$W AT $LHM WH&NIQW 
HK$R GM L"AWKLI H$PNIM " . HHSKMIM HDRW$IM NXTMW , W008 , 1 &WLIM &W$IM 
&TH AT C&DIHM HRA$WNIM BMSGRWT HQIBWCIWT . AI$ AINW IWD& &DIIN KMH MHM 
AM BKLL II$ARW BQIBWCIM M&BR LMSGRT HZMNIT $NQB&H BHSKM . H$IDWK HZH 
$BIN H&WLIM MBRIH"M LQIBWCIM HWA B&IITI . H&WLIM NW$AIM &MM &WLM DIMWIIM 
&WIN KLPI HQIBWC . . &WLH C&IR B&L H$QPH IMNIT WAN@I - SWBII@IT XRIPH 
TIAR AT HHSKM HNXTM BIN H&WLH LQIBWC BQBLH L"BIT RA$WN BMWLDT " K"KLLI 
MIWN BMXNH RIKWZ , HKWLLIM WITWR &L KL ZKWIWT HPR@ " , AP KI HXWZH S@NDR@I 
LGMRI . I$ GM HMTBDXIM KI H&WLIM MBRIH"M $WNAIM KL DBR HMTXIL BAWT " Q " : 
QWMWNIZM , QWLXWZ , QIBWC " . HTIIXSWIWTIHM LQIBWC P$@NIWT WRWWIWT 
D&WT QDWMWT , HM$TQWT AT XBRI HQIBWC . AITN S@ , AI$ QIBWC GDWT 
WAXD HRKZIM $L PRWIQ@ " BIT RA$WN BMWLDT " , AWMR : " H&WLIM XW$BIM 
$QIBWC ZH QWLXWZ . LWQX LHM B&RK $LW$H XWD$IM LHBIN $ZH LA KK . RQ 
AXRI XWD$IIM NWSPIM HM MBINIM $HWA KN QWLXWZ " . QIBWC , B&INI &WLIM , 
HWA GM MLH NRDPT LSPR . LA MKBR HSI& S@ QBWCT &WLIM MBRIH"M LBIQWR BQIBWC . 
KBR LID NTNIH $ALW AWTW " AM HKIN AT HAW@WM@ &WZI " . AWLM B&IQR RWAIM 
&WLIM RBIM MMZRX AIRWPH AT HQIBWC KKPR , MW$G HMZWHH &M PIGWR , NX$LWT 
WHZNXH . AT SILBIH QWNS@N@INSQW , &WLH XD$H MRWMNIH , PG$NW BDIRTH BQIBWC 
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WNISW LHSTDR BTL - ABIB , LA BHCLXH ITRH . &L HAL@RN@IWWH HQIBWCIT LA 
$M&W DBR . BXWBRWT WBPRSWMIM HR$MIIM HQIBWC AINW MWZKR . AXRI $BW& 
HM BAW LM$RD HQLI@H WXIP$W MRKZ QLI@H . HPQID HCI& QIBWC . " LA ID&TI 
DBR &L HQIBWC " , AWMRT SILBIH ( 33 ) , " ABL HDIMWI HIH $WNH LXLW@IN . 
X$BTI $ZH KMW QWLXWZ . MIN KPR Q@N &M KMH BTIM , MKW&R , LA TRBWTI . 
HG&TI WHWPT&TI . HKI HPTI&W AWTI HAN$IM . KL MH $AMRW &L HQWMWNIZM 
BRWMNIH WLA &$W , QIIM PH . $M X$BTI $ZW AW@WPIH . PH ANI RWAH $ZH 
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$L QIBWC RWXMH , AWMRT BKNWT : " APILW RCW BNI HZWG QWNS@N@INSQW LHI$AR 
BQIBWC , HIITI &W$H HKL KDI $LA II$ARW . H&IR MTAIMH LHM WXII HQIBWC 
AINM B$BILM " . GM BNI M$PXT XIIQWL , $HGI&W LPNI KXWD$IIM MH&IR 
CLBINSN $BHRI AWRAL , @W&NIM $HQIBWC AINW PTRWN B$BILM . HAB , ARIQ , 
MHNDS MKWNWT &TIR NISIWN ; HAM , AIDH , MTKNNT MX$BIM ; HBN , AILIH 
( 02 ) , HSPIQ LLMWD $NTIIM MTM@IQH BAWNIBRSI@H , WAP H$LIM $IRWT 
QCR BCBA HADWM . SMWK LMW&D &LIITM HTPRSMH B&ITWN HRWSI " AWGNIWQ " 
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X@A LAMT . AMNM HQIBWC AINW QWLXWZ , ABL ZH LA B$BILM , HM AWMRIM . 
" HB&IH BQIBWC HIA $AIN B&IH " , AWMR ARIQ , LNW X$WB LHKIR DWWQA 
AT HB&IWT , B$BIL HPRSPQ@IWWH . ANI XW$B $HRBH AN$IM $LA RWCIM QWNPLIQ@ 
BXIIM AXRI RWSIH , IRCW LGWR BQIBWC . K$IHIW LHM HRBH B&IWT , WLA THIH 
AL@RN@IWWH , HM IBRXW LQIBWC " . HBN AILIH MWSIP : " BQIBWC LA IWD&IM 
KMH &WLH AWKL , KMH &WLWT N&LIIM , AIK MNHLIM X$BWN BBNQ . AWLI ZH 
@WB , ABL ZH LA HXIIM . ANI IWD& $HRBH C&IRIM $NWLDW BQIBWCIM LA RWCIM 
LXIWT $M . HM RWCIM AT HXWP$ WHM RWCIM KSP AMITI BIDIIM . GM ANXNW KK " . 
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R& MAWD AM IGI&W ALINW MKWRX " . AXRIM BTNW&H HQIBWCIT AINM MAMINIM BKWXM 
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AT M@&N HDIMWIIM H$LILIIM $NTQLW BHM , HXL MMILIWNRIM , WKLH BQBCNIM 
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BLI $IAMR : ANI RWCH . LKN QB&NW &IQRWN $CRIKH LHIWT $IXH MWQDMT BIN 
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. &L - AP MMCAIM ALH AIN HQIBWCIM &W$IM HRBH KDI LKBW$ AT LBM $L H&WLIM . 
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L&IIRWT PITWX . " HX$$ HWA $$WB NGI& LTXW$H $NQLW@ WNQLW@ , WBSWP 
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" MI $IQCWR MWQDM II$AR &M M&@ " , HWA AWMR . " HB&IH HIA LZRW& . 
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B&QIPIN LHBIA LHN GM RWWX PWLI@I , ABL AL LNW LHIGRR AXRI TBI&WTIHN . 
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" BSWPW $L DBR , ANXNW MKNISIM AWTM HBITH " . AMIRTW ZW M$QPT AT @IB 
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@RAWMWT &BR LTQWWT H&TID , MTGIIST HTNW&H HQIBWCIT LQLI@T H&LIIH . 
LLA Q$R LHCLXTH , AP$R LAMC LPI $&H AT SIKWM HBINIIM $L MZKIRT RWXMH : 
" AM BIN IRW$LIM LRWXMH AIN AP QIBWC $I$ BW &WLIM , ZW SIBH LHTBII$ " . 


* 

PINIQS ( AI - PI ) . DNWWR NAG@S MM$IKH L$BWR $IAI AN . BI . AII . 
LXIWB WL$LILH . AWR LATMWL R$MW $XQNI HNAG@S $IA $WWDAI I$APW $LA LXQWTW : 
SPIGT 701 NQWDWT BMXCIT HRA$WNH MWL PINIQS SANS , $$BRH $IA MH$BW& $&BR 
( DNWWR SN AN@WNIW 0938 ) . PINIQS NICXH BSIWM 371341 WHI$WWTH $IA 
I$N $L BWS@WN SL@IQS BQLI&T NQWDWT ( LLA HARKH ) M - 9591 . GM BRB& 
H$NI QB&W HSANS $IA : 75 NQWDWT . LMAMN PINIQS , QW@WN PI@SIMWNS , 
HIH ZH HNICXWN H - 007 . ARB&H $XQNIM QL&W IWTR M - 02 NQWDWT &BWR PINIQS , 
KA$R HQL& HBWL@ $L HQBWCH HIH HRWQI SDRIQ QBAIWS : 23 NQWDWT . LNAG@S : 
AWLDRIDG 04 , HRWQI KRIS GQSWN BM$XQW HRA$WN 62 . NICXWN DRAM@I H$IGH 
SN AN@WNIW &L IWS@WN 111011 . RWD S@RIQLND ( 72 NQ ) QL& $L$H 3 . 3 
$NIWT LSIWM . ZW HITH HP&M HIXIDH BM$XQ $SN AN@WNIW HWBILH . DIIWID 
RWBINSWN QL& 23 NQ LMNCXIM WAWLAGWAN 72 LIWS@WN . NIW IWRQ NICXH BSQRMN@W 
3988 ; A@LN@H BLWS ANGLS AT HQLIPRS 21149 ; BWS@WN HKNI&H AT HNA@S BNIW 
GRZI 50119 WGWLDN S@II@ B@AQWMH ( MDINT WW$ING@WN ) AT SIA@L 711001 . 
TWCAWT AXRWT : QLIWWLND PILDLPIH 40188 , MIAMI AINDIANH 021501 , 
$IQAGW $ARLW@ 50168 . 

* 

. BRIWNI - KDWRGL TQPW $W@RIM BABNI MDRKH WBGZ MDMI& , B$TI &RIM BMZRX 
GRMNIH L$&BR , AXRI M$XQI SWP H$BW& MSRW ATMWL MQWRWT R$MIIM . HM$@RH 
N&ZRH BCINWRWT MIM , BKLBIM WBGZ MDMI& KDI LPZR IWTR M - 051 AI$ , RBIM 
MHM &W@I MSIKWT , $HTPR&W B$BT B&IR MAGDBWRG , SIPR DWBR HM$@RH , IWRGN 
WIINR . BIWM $I$I BLILH HTPR&W &$RWT AWHDI KDWRGL $IKWRIM . HM RISSW 
PNI $W@RIM BGZ MDMI& AXRI $HSBW NZQ LXNWIWT , BTWM M$XQ KDWRGL BRWS@WQ . 
04 AI$ N&CRW . KALP AWHDI KDWRGL HMKNIM &CMM " BW&@IM - XWLIGANIM " 
QIIMW B$BT BBRLIN C&DH LZKR C&IR BN 81 $NWRH LPNI $BW& LMWWT B&IR LIIPCIG . 
MAWT $W@RIM LIWW AT HMC&D $HTQIIM LAWRK 3 Q"M &D L$&R BRANDBWRG . HM$@RH 
MSRH , KI HC&DH HSTIIMH LLA MQRI ALIMWT . 

* 

$LW$H $XQNI MPTX $L NBXRT HN&RIM PCW&IM WZH KMWBN M@RID AT HMAMN GD&WN 
KHN , LPNI HM$XQ &M HWNGRIH BQDM ALIPWT AIRWPH . HM$XQ $IHIH BHRCLIH 
MXRTIIM ( 03 . 41 ) HWA H$NI $L N&RI I$RAL BMSGRT ZW , LAXR HTIQW HMXMIA 
11 &M BRIT HMW&CWT BQI$INB . BSGL $ITKNS MXR AXR HCHRIIM LMXNH AIMWNIM 
B$PIIM 71 $XQNIM , KWLL MWZMN XD$ $IRN ADIRI MMKBI TL ABIB . $LW$T HPCW&IM 
NMNIM &M HHRKB HRA$WN : HQP@N TWMR AZWLAI ( BIT"R IRW$LIM ) HM$XQ B&MDT 
BLM AXWRI , HMGN HIMNI BHDG@ &WDH MHPW&L PTX TQWH WHQ$R &RN BN $MXWN 
MHPW&L IRW$LIM . " HPCI&WT AINN QLWT . HM HIW PCW&IM KBR B$BW& $&BR , 
AK $IXQW BSWP H$BW& WAP AXD MH$LW$H LA SIIM AT HM$XQ " , AMR GD&WN KHN . 
GM KK MTWKNN LPXWT $INWI AXD BHRKB HPWTX L&WMT HHRKB $$IXQ BQI$INB . 
HMAMN KHN MTIIXS BRCINWT RBH LHWNGRIM H&WMDIM LHGI& HIWM LI$RAL . " HM 
AWLI LA XZQIM KMW BRIT HMW&CWT , AK I$ LHM NBXRT @WBH WHIA TBWA LNCX , 
KI KL TWCAH AXRT TWCIA AWTH MHTMWNH ( AXRI HHPSD LBRIT HMW&CWT ) . 
HM NICXW AWTNW 40 B@WRNIR $HIH BQIC , WHM@RH $LNW THIH NICXWN . NRAH 
AIK LHTMWDD &M HMHIRWT $LHM " , AMR KHN . 

* 

MZRX S&WDIH ( &"R ) . BMXNWT AR&IIM $HWQMW BS&WDIH WBNSIKWIWT HMAWXDWT 
MTAMNIM BIMIM ALH 000 , 7 MTNDBIM KWWIITIM LQRAT MLXMH &M &IRAQ . KRSIHM 
HSGLGLWT WRGLIHM HDQWT M&IDIM &L HXIIM H@WBIM $HIW LHM BAMIRWT H&$IRH 
LPNI HPLI$H H&IRAQIT , AK GM &L H&WBDH $HM &DIIN RXWQIM MAWD MKW$R LXIMH 
NAWT . &M ZAT , AILW AP$R HIH LNCX MLXMH BHTLHBWT BLBD , HIW HMTNDBIM 
HLLW KBR &K$IW BKWWIIT SI@I . RBIM MHM X$W LHTNDB B$GRIRWIWT KWWIIT BRXBI 
H&WLM W$ILMW B&D NSI&TM LMXNWT HAIMWNIM $LHM . " ANW MQWWIM KI NHIH HXIILIM 
HRA$WNIM $IXZRW LKWWIIT . ANW KWLNW MWKNIM LHILXM WLMWT LM&N ALLH WLM&N 
ARCNW " , AMR QWLWNL SIDI SALX A - $MIIRI , QCIN HCBA HKWWIITI HMWPQD 
&L AIMWNI HMTNDBIM . BMXNH HAIMWNIM HS&WDI C&DW BSK 006 MTNDBIM BTWK &NN 
ABQ , WQRAW BQCB SISMAWT KMW : " ALLH , KWWIIT , HAMIR " . RMQWLIM 
H$MI&W $IRIM P@RIW@IM LXIZWQ LB HLWXMIM . " HGI& HZMN LCAT LARCNW WLHILXM 
NGD &IRAQ . HGI& HZMN LHTGIIS LCBA " , NAMR BAXD H$IRIM . HQBWCH HRA$WNH 
$L HMTNDBIM KBR MTAMNT $LW$H $BW&WT , AWLM AP LA AXD MHM HXZIQ RWBH BID . 
QWLWNL A - $MIIRI AMR KI HM ITXILW LHTAMN BN$Q QL WBMQL&IM KBR H$BW& 
WHWSIP KI I$ MSPIQ N$Q LKWLM . BS&WDIH NPWCW $MW&WT KI KWXWT HBRIT MHSSIM 
LTT N$Q BIDI HKWWIITIM MX$$ $HM ITXILW AT HMLXMH B&CMM . &DIIN LA BRWR 
KICD I$TLBW HMTNDBIM BMHLK HMLXMH AM TPRWC . BIN HITR MDWBR $HM I$M$W 
TGBWRT LCBA HSDIR HKWWIITI HMWCB BS&WDIH WHMWNH 4500 XIILIM . 

* 

MINHL MQRQ&I I$RAL MCI& BMKRZ HGDWL BIWTR $PIRSM &D KH 008 , 1 MGR$IM 
LBNIIT WILWT WQW@GIM BMSGRT TWKNIWT BNH BITK . HATR H&IQRI BW MWC&IM 
MGR$IM HWA R&WT , $LID HI$WB MKBIM . $M MWC&IM 006 MGR$IM BNWSP L000 , 
1 $KBR NMSRW LAN$I LAN$I CBA HQB& BMSGRT PRWIQ@ R&WT . BATR AXR , HI$WB 
$WHM $LID MWDI&IN , MWC&IM 003 MGR$IM . KN MWC&IM MGR$IM BXDRH , QRIT - 
@B&WN , PRDS - XNH , &KW , &TLIT , RKSIM WGB&T - &DH . HMINHL MCI& 
GM QRQ& L2500 DIRWT LH$KRH , RWBN BMRKZ HARC . MNHL HMINHL , GD&WN 
WITQWN , MSR KI HATRIM HMIW&DIM MCWIIM BPTX - TQWH , KPR - SBA , RA$WN - 
LCIWN , A$DWD WBAR - $B& . KDI L&WDD IZMIM IP@WR AWTM HMINHL MT$LWM 
DMI XKIRH $NTIIM LKL TQWPT HXKIRH , WBTNAI $ZW LA TIPWL M&$R $NIM . BNWSP 
HXKIR MINHL MQRQ&I I$RAL $NI MGR$IM LMBNIM T&$IITIIM BAWR - IHWDH . $@X 
KL MGR$ KDWNM WXCI , LBINWI % 021 . HMINHL IQBL TMWRT HXKRT MGR$ AXD 
613 ALP $"X , WTMWRT HXKRT H$NI 673 ALP $"X . B&KW QIBL HMINHL &D PI 
$LW$H MMXIR HMINIMWM B&BWR MGR$IM LMBNI T&$IIH BAZWR HT&$IIH $L H&IR . 
HWA HCI& 3 MGR$IM &L $@X $BIN 2 . 13 . 3 DWNM LMGR$ , WIQBL BIN 23 L021 
ALP $"X LMGR$ . BA$DWD HCI& HMINHL MGR$ $L 5 . 31 DWNM ( LBINWI % 061 ) 
LHQMT MBNH LT&$IIH . XBRT MNRB AXZQWT , $MNIWTIH NSXRWT BBWRSH HTL - 
ABIBIT , ZKTH BMKRZ WT$LM LMINHL 508 ALP $"X . MNRB , $BRA$H &WMD HQBLN 
ABRHM QWZNICQI , BWNH BA$DWD BHIQPIM GDWLIM , B&IQR LMGWRIM . BXWD$IM 
HAXRWNIM MWRG$T MGMH LHXLIP MBNIM WDIRWT HMW$KRIM B$KR DIRH GBWH BMBNIM 
DWMIM , ZWLIM IWTR . B&BR H&DIPW $WKRIM LHM$IK WL$LM $KR DIRH GBWH , 
WBLBD $LA LSBWL MAI HNWXWT $L M&BR LMBNH XD$ , HKRWK L&TIM GM BHWCAWT 
KBDWT . XBRH B&NP HRKB $KRH , BAMC&WT XBRT R$P NKSIM , MBNH B$@X 007 
M"R BAZWR HT&$IIH $L SGWLH BPTX - TQWH . HXBRH HTXIIBH L$LM LB&LI HMBNH 
5 . 3 DWLR LM"R MXIR NMWK IXSIT , KIWWN $HMBNH @&WN $IPWCIM M$M&WTIIM . 
&D KH P&LH HXBRH MMBNH BQRIT - ARIH , $M $ILMH K5 . 6 DWLR LM"R , WBKK 
XSKH XLQ NIKR MHWCAWT $KR HDIRH . DWGMH AXRT : AI$ &SQIM $KR DIRH BT 
5 XDRIM B$@X $L 561 M"R TMWRT K009 DWLR BRXWB RB A$I BNWWH - ABIBIM . 
HDIRH $$KR TXLIP DIRH DWMH , $$KR BMXIR $L 000 , 1 DWLR LXWD$ . IRIDH 
RIALIT MWRG$T BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM BMXIRI HDIRWT BRMT - GN . $I&WR HIRIDH 
MW&RK BK%01 . LHLN KMH DWGMAWT LGBI HIRIDH BMXIRIM : DIRH BT 5 XDRIM BRX 
M&IIN BGB&TIIM , TMWRTH BIQ$W LPNI K4 XWD$IM 052 ALP DWLR , NMKRH BSWPW 
$L DBR RQ AXRI $MXIRH IRD L812 ALP DWLR IRIDH $L % 31 . DIRH BRX HMRI 
BGB&TIIM , $TMWRTH BIQ$W 042 ALP DWLR , MWC&T KIWM B512 ALP DWLR , 
W&DIIN LA MCAW LH QWNIM . DIRT GG BMIQWM HNX$B LM&WLH , $TMWRTH BIQ$W 
LPNI K5 XWD$IM 092 ALP DWLR , TIMKR &TH B062 ALP DWLR . XBRT HK$RT HI$WB 
RK$H MXCIT MBIT DIIZI BAZWR HT&$IIH BHRCLIH B039 ALP DWLR . HBNIIN M$TR& 
&L $@X BNWI KWLL $L 000 , 2 M"R . HWA HIH $IIK LM$PXT GWLDBRG , $AXD 
MBNIH , GD&WN GWLDBRG , MKR AT XLQW ( % 05 ) BNKS . HK$RT HI$WB BIC&H 
AT &SQT HRKI$H &L BSIS T$WAH $L % 01 . LXBRT HMX$BIM DIIZI , H$WKRT AT 
KL $LW$T HQWMWT BBNIIN , I$ XWZH L$NTIIM WXCI , &M AWPCIH LXM$ $NIM 
NWSPWT . LPNI K$BW&IIM BIC&H HK$RT HI$WB &SQT NDL"N NWSPT , BMSGRTH RK$H 
MXBRT HT&WPH HHWLNDIT Q - L - M AT M$RDIH BRXWB BN - IHWDH PINT ALNBI 
BTL - ABIB , GM KN B039 ALP DWLR . HMXIR HMMWC& LM"R B&SQH ZW HGI& LK075 , 
2 DWLR LM"R . HM$RDIM , HM$TR&IM &L $@X $L 041 M"R BQWMH MSXRIT BRXWB 
W&WD 032 M"R BQWMT M$RDIM GBWHH , HW$KRW LXBRT HTIIRWT DN CBR . DN CBR 
HTXIIBH L$LM DMI $KIRWT $NTIIM BSK 69 ALP DWLR , CMWD LMDD HMXIRIM LCRKN . 
TX22$AXDIM MB&LI IXIDWT HDIWR BPRWIQ@ " RWZMRIN QWR@ " BHRCLIH PITWX , 
MBQ$IM LMKWR AWTN . MDWBR BPRWIQ@ IIXWDI , HKWLL 61 IXIDWT QW@G MSBIB 
LXCR PNIMIT GDWLH HMWQPT Q$TWT , K$BMRKZH GN MSWGNN &M BRIKT $XIIH . 
MXBRT ANGLW SQSWN BHRCLIH PITWX NMSR KI QIBLH LIDIH $LW$ IXIDWT NWSPWT 
LMKIRH BPRWIQ@ , $BNIITW HWLKT WMW$LMT . TMWRT KL IXIDH DWR$IM K&T 056 
ALP DWLR , L&WMT 003 ALP B&T $HXLW HMKIRWT . LAH RBIN , A$TW $L ICXQ , 
BDQH AT HAP$RWT LRKW$ IXIDH BPRWIQ@ . HIA AP HCI&H 054 ALP DWLR LIXIDH , 
AK NDXTH . BAXRWNH HIW KMH &SQWT AXRWT BPRWIQ@IM IWQRTIIM BHRCLIH PITWX . 
MTWWKIM MSRW KI LMRWT H$PL BTIIRWT , NMKRH IXIDH BT 2 XDRIM ( 06 M"R ) 
BPRWIQ@ " MRIN HII@S " BHRCLIH PITWX B232 ALP DWLR . IXIDH NWSPT $L 
2 XDRIM ( 05 M"R ) BPRWIQ@ " MCPH IM " , NMKRH B051 ALP DWLR . TX22$AI$ 
H&SQIM MIKAL &QILWB HXL LNHL MW"M &M KMH GWRMIM , BM@RH LH$KIR LHM AT 
HXNWT BRXWB ALNBI 311 BTL - ABIB , $$IM$H B$NTIIM HAXRWNWT AT R$T HMS&DT 
GPRIS , WNSGRH &QB Q$IIM . B&LI HR$T HTXIIBW L$LM $KR DIRH $L K4500
DWLR LXWD$ , LA KWLL M&"M , &L HXNWT $$@XH 081 M"R KLWMR 52 DWLR 
LM"R . LAXR $LA HCLIXW L&MWD BT$LWMIM HGI&W BSWP H$BW& LHSKM BDBR PINWIH . 
&QILWB , B&LIH $L XBRH LIBWA W$IWWQ MK$IRI X$ML , HMWD& LKK $QRNW $L 
RXWB ALNBI IRDH , MWKN LHPXIT AT $KR HDIRH WLHSTPQ B000 , 4 DWLR LXWD$ . 
HWA SIRB LHC&H $L IHW$W& S@RWISQI , MB&LI GPRIS , LHSTPQ B$KR DIRH 
$L 000 , 3 DWLR . 

* 

RWMA ( RWI@R ) . SMPDWRIH NICXH 42 AT PIZH WNWTRH BMQWM HRA$WN BLIGH 
HAI@LQIT AXRI $MWNH MXZWRIM . LSMPDWRIH 31 NQWDWT , K$&WQBWT AXRIH BMRXQ 
NQWDH BLBD : MILAN $NICXH BXWC 20 AT A@ALAN@H WIWBN@WS $XZRH GM HIA &M 
$TI NQWDWT MM$XQ XWC AXRI 10 &L QALIARI HAXRWNH B@BLH . BMXZWR HM$XQIM 
ATMWL HWBQ&W 12 $&RIM , KA$R MRBIT HQBWCWT HMIICGWT AT AI@LIH BGBI&I 
AIRWPH , HM$IKW BHCLXWTIHN MHZIRH HBIN - LAWMIT . HNICXWN HBITI $L SMPDWRIH 
&L PIZH , HIH MTWQ LMAMN HIWGWSLWWI WIDAN BW$QWB , A$R LA RQ HXZIR AT 
WIALI LHRKB , LAXR PCI&TW $L HKDWRGLN BSP@MBR , ALA GM RAH AWTW MBQI& 
AT H$&R H$LI$I . ALKSII MIKALICNQW HXL AT SPIRT H$&RIM $L SMPDWRIH BDQH 
H - 8 . MIID AXRI HHPSQH QB& MANSINI 20 . H$&R $L WIALI $NB& M@&WT $W&R , 
HWBQ& 21 DQWT AXR - KK WH - 40 HIH BB&I@T 11 $L MARQW BRANQH . HGAWWH 
$L PIZH $WQMH M&@ &L IDI LAMBR@W PIWBANLI $CIMCM MHNQWDH HLBNH BDQH H - 
98 WMCA $WB AT HR$T LPNI $RIQT HSIWM . LSMPDWRIH , $LPNI $BW&IIM N@LH 
AT HHWBLH BLIGH , BP&M HRA$WNH AXRI $MWNH $NIM , HIH ZH NICXWN $NI BARB&H 
IMIM . BIWM RBI&I $&BR NICXH 31 AT AWLIMPIAQWS PIRAWS HIWWNIT W&LTH LRB& 
HGMR B@WRNIR HAIRWPI LMXZIQWT GBI& . ALWPT AIRWPH MILAN , $NICXH B$MINIT 
GMR GBI& HALWPWT AT BRWZ HBLGIT , GBRH &L A@ALN@H 20 BM$XQ &CBNI MCD 
$TI HQBWCWT , M$&RIM $L MARQW WAN BAS@N ( 52 ) WMASARW ( 67 ) . HNICXWN 
$L IWBN@WS HNCIGH H$NIH $L AI@LIH BGBI& HMXZIQWT &L BWLWNIH HW$G BZKWT 
$&R BB&I@T 11 BDQH H - 66 MRGLI RWBR@W BAGW , H$XQN HIQR B&WLM . ZH 
HIH $&RW HXMI$I H&WNH BLIGH . IWBN@WS , $&LTH LRB& HGMR BGBI& HAIRWPI , 
NICLH M$IWWIWN BDQH H - 17 , LAXR $HHWNGRI $L BWLWNIH LAIW$ D@ARI HX@IA 
KDWR - 11 . HGRMNI HBIN - LAWMI RWDI PLR HBQI& P&MIIM BNICXWN RWMA 41 
&L CZNH . AT H$&RIM HAXRIM LRWMA , $&LTH LSIBWB H$LI$I BGBI& AWP"A , 
HBQI&W DZIDRI WMWCI . LCZNH : QIWCI . AIN@R , $HDIXH AT AS@WN WILH 
BGBI& AWP"A , NICXH AT PARMH 21 M$&RIM $L SRNH WMTIAWS M - 11 M@R . 
MLI HBQI& LPARMH . HC&R $L NAPWLI NM$K AXRI HDXTH BIWM RBI&I $&BR MGBI& 
HALWPWT BIDI SPR@Q MWSQWWH . NAPWLI , $XSRH AT HXLWC QARQH WAT DIIGW 
MRADWNH ( XSRWNW HWSBR BGLL KW$R LQWI ) , LA HCLIXH LPRWC AT HM&RK 
HHGNTI $L BARI WZKTH RQ BNQWDT - XWC $QIDMH AWTH B$LB AXD , LMQWM HT$I&I 
&M $MWNH NQWDWT BLBD . TWCAWT AXRWT : @WRINW 2 ( MWRLW &CMI , MWLR ) 
LCH 0 ; QALIARI 0 LACIW 1 ( PS@H , $&R &CMI ) ; PIWRN@INH 2 ( 
NAPI , PACIWNH ) GNWAH 2 ( AWRLANDW , $QWRAWWI ) . 
HALWPH MARSII XZRH ATMWL LMQWM HRA$WN AXRI $HNXILH TBWSH 41 LRAN 
HMDWRGT AXRWNH . MARSII NICLH AT HPSDH B$BT $L HMWLIKH &D SWP H$BW& , 
AWQZR , 01 BMC . H$&RIM LMARSII : WWDL ( 43 ) , PARDW ( 14 ) , 
PLH ( 67 ) , BWLI ( 98 ) . LRAN : DLAMWN@IIN ( 47 ) . TWCAWT 
AXRWT BSWP H$BW& : MWNAQW 1 SW$W 0 ; BWRDW 0 @WLWN 1 ; S@ . A@IIN 
4 NANSI 1 ; NAN@ 1 MWNPLIIH 1 ; @WLWZ 2 PARIS SN ZRMN 1 ; LIL 0 
NIS 0 ; QAN 0 BRS@ 0 . LIDS &LTH LMQWM HXMI$I AXRI $NICXH ATMWL BXWC 
BM$XQ H$LMH AT MNCS@R SI@I 32 . H$&RIM LLIDS : LI CPMAN ( 41 ) , 
QARL $A@ ( 24 ) , GWRDWN S@RAQAN ( 26 ) . LSI@I : A$LI WWRD ( 
94 M - 11 M ) , DIIWID WWII@ ( 56 ) . P . S . WW . AINNDHWBN , 
AWTH MAMN HANGLI BWBI RWBSWN , &LTH LMQWM HRA$WN , AXRI NICXWN XWC 
10 &L $XIIDAM M$&R $L QWMAN BDQH H - 66 . LAIINDHWBN 81 NQWDWT AXRI 11 
MXZWRIM , WHIA MQDIMH BHPR$ $&RIM AT HALWPH AIIAQS AMS@RDAM $K$LH BBITH 
WSIIMH RQ BTIQW 00 &M WWALWWIIQ . TWCAWT AXRWT : SPR@H RW@RDAM 2 HIRNWWIN 
1 ; DN HAG 3 RWDH 1 ; XRWNINGN 1 PIINWRD 1 ; WI@SH ARNHM 1 MAS@RIK@ 
1 . MXZWR 21 : QWR@RIIQ 1 BIRSXW@ 3 ; AQRN 1 $ARLRWAH 0 ; SRQL BRWZ 
3 GNQ 1 ; GN@ 4 WWRGM 0 ; ANDRLK@ 5 S@NDRD LIAZ 1 ; LIIRSH 1 BRWZ 
1 ; AN@WWRPN 0 LWQRN 0 ; S@ . @RWIDN MKLN 3 ; P . C . LIAZ 2 MWLNBIQ 
0 . HCMRT : GN@ 02 , S@ANDARD LIAZ 81 , BRWZ 81 , ANDRLK@ 71 . MXZWR 
91 : RAPID WINH 1 @IRWL 2 ; PWRWWR@S $@IIR 3 WINH 0 ; $@WRM GRAC 
1 AWS@RIH WINH 0 ; S@ . PWL@N 1 ALPIN 1 ; ADMIRH WAQR 2 QRMS 0 ; 
SPWR@QLWB WINH 2 ZALCBWRG 5 . HCMRT : @IRWL 72 , RAPID WINH 52 , 
AWS@RIH WINH 52 . BRAGH , ALIH HC@RP ALI AWXNH , NWCXH ATMWL 03 BXWC 
BIDI SPWR@ING LISBWN HMDWRGT RA$WNH . PWR@W NICXH 31 AT CAWWS . TWCAWT 
AXRWT : ZIL WICN@H 1 AWNAIW MADIIRH 1 ; BAIRH MAR 1 NASIWNAL MDIIRH 
0 ; BNPIQH 1 PAMALIQAW 0 ; PARN$H 2 @IR$N$H 0 ; GIMRA$ 0 AS@RALH 
AMADWRH 0 ; PNAPIIL 1 BLN$$ 0 ; SAGWAIRW$ 2 BWAWWI$@H 0 . HCMRT ( 
MXZWR 11 ) : SPWR@ING 22 , PWR@W 02 , BNPIQH 91 , BAIRH MAR 41 . 
MXZWR 7 : APWLWN 4 PAWQ 2 ; AIRAQLIS 4 PANIWNIWS 3 ; LARISH 1 AAQ 
2 ; LWWADIAQWS 4 ARIS 1 ; AWPI 0 ATNIAQWS 1 ; PANACAIQI 2 AIWNIQWS 
0 ; SRAS 2 QSAN@I 1 ; AWLIMPIAQWS 3 IANINH 0 ; PANATINAIQWS 3 DWQSH 
0 . HCMRT : AWLIMPIAQWS 11 , PANATINAIQWS 11 , SRAS 9 , AWPI 9 , 
AAQ 9 , ATINAIQWS 9 . 

* 

N XTM BQBWCT NAPWLI HAI@LQIT . ZW P&M $NIH $MKBI TL ABIB HPSID AT BRIAN@ 
BMIRWC &M QBWCH AI@LQIT . BQIC 2891 NISH @L BRWDI ( AZ &WZR HMAMN ) 
LHXTIMW , ABL BRIAN@ , $SBTW IHWDIH , XTM AZ BPWRD QAN@W WZKH &MH BAWTH 
&WNH BGBI& AIRWPH LALWPWT . AXR KK HC@RP LDALAS MAWWRIQS MHAN . BI . 
AII WXZR L$XQ BAIRWPH BSPRD BMDI QAXH BILBAW WXIRWNH . BRIAN@ HWA $XQN 
XZQ MAWD $IKWL HIH L&ZWR LMKBI MTXT LSLIM . HWA H&DIP AT NAPWLI $M HXLIP 
AT DIWID BA@LR ( BWGR NWWDH LAS WGAS ) $NXTK . LMRWT HAKZBH MKK $BRIAN@ 
" BRX LHM MHIDIIM " MCPIM H$BW& BMKBI LBWAW $L KDWRSLN XIZWQ AXR LMBXNIM . 
72 BNWBMBR HWA HTARIK HAXRWN LHXLPT $XQNIM ZRIM ARC WBAIRWPH . 

* 

KMH BDIWQ , N&$H NISIWN M&NIIN MAWD BKDWRSL : QBWCT M$QI&IM HQIMH LIGH 
AIRWPIT $L $XQNIM AMRIQAIM . BKL ARC QRAW L$XQNIM B$M AWPIINI LAWTH MDINH . 
HQBWCH " $LNW " , $$IXQH BI$RAL , KWNTH " SABRS " . QBWCT KDWRSLNIM 
AMRIQAIM $IXQW KDWRSL TXT H$M SABRS . NS&W BAIRWPH W"IICGW " AT I$RAL . 
AM$ BAWSI$QIN HRG$TI KAILW XZRNW LSABRS . KA$R HPW&L TL ABIB M$XQ BXMI$IH 
HKWLLT ARB&H $XWMI &WR AMRIQAIM PLWS &MWS PRI$MN ZH B$BILI SABRS . BMQRH 
H@WB QBWCT MHGRIM . K$ANI RWAH QBWCH KZW &L HPARQ@ ANI P$W@ MTNTQ . 
ZH LA AWMR LI DBR . ZH LA M&NIIN AWTI . MRGIZ AWTI , KA$R HWPKIM AT 
$M&WN AMSLM LAWHD MN HSPSL , $TPQIDW MC@MCM BDQWT SPWRWT &L HPARQ@ , 
WBMRBIT HZMN HWA M&WDD MN HSPSL AT XBRIW . MRGIZ AWTI , KA$R ANI RWAH 
AT NIR RIKLIS &WLH LKMH DQWT , &W$H $GIAH , WMID IWRD LSPSL . ZH , 
BMXILH , LA HPW&L WLA TL ABIB . WGM MN H&BR H$NI QBWCT MHGRIM HMWPI&H 
TXT H$M MKBI RA$WN LCIWN . MIQI BRQWBIC HIGR LRA$L"C MTL ABIB , XIIM 
ZLW@IQMN HIGR MXIPH , RWNI BWSANI HIGR MMKBI DRWM , W&WD $NI $XWMI &WR 
$BAW MHIKN $BAW . MH KAN RA$WN LCIWN ? NKWN $T&NWG LRAWT AT MIQI BRQWBIC . 
AIK $HWA , BGILW , M$XQ . PNMN AMITI . TWP&H . BN 63 W$M BKIS KMH 
C&IRIM . XW@P WQWL& WN& IMINH W$MALH , HCIDH WAXWRH WBSIBWB , GMI$ 
WZRIZ W$APTN KMW BIMIM HBLTI N$KXIM HHM . MIQI $LA NGMR , MIQI $LIXW 
LA NS . AIN MNWS MHMSQNH : MIQI N$AR MIQI ABL HLIGH HZW KBR LA AWTH 
LIGH . 

* 

ITW AINW &WD MBCRW . MH $AMWR HIH LHIWT MABQ CMRT $QWL , HPK BMHRH LMIPGN 
XD - SI@RI , B&QBWT M$XQ $WBH &IN WTKLITI $L MKBI RA$L"C $NICX LLA MAMC 
90139 . MIQI BRQWBIC HIH NHDR WSXP AT RA$WN LCIWN LNICXWN HGDWL . BRA$L"C 
HIW KWLM BMI@BM : ARB&H $XQNIM QL&W NHDR ( ZLW@IQMN 81 , SPNSR 91 , 
BNQS 42 , BRQWBIC 82 ) WHRKZ BWSANI NIWW@ KHLKH AT QBWCTW WHWSIP 21 
NQWDWT ( $LW$ $L$WT ) . T"A HM$IKH LHPGIN IKWLT PW$RT . B&ITH H&IQRIT : 
M$XQ QBWCTI LQWI WM$XQ AI$I MDI $L $XQNI HXIZWQ HNDRSWN WGIBSWN . RA$L"C 
HWBILH LMN HPTIXH BHPR$ Q@N . H$INWI XL &M KNISTW $L BWSANI BDQH H&$IRIT . 
KNISTW $L BWSANI $IXRRH AT ZLW@IQMN LM$IMWT QLI&H . 6 NQWDWT RCWPWT 
$L ZLW@IQMN BTWK DQH , BTWSPT QLI&WT MDWIIQWT $L BNQS WSPNSR , WHCGH 
PR@IT $L BRQWBIC ( 22 NQWDWT BMXCIT H$NIH ) ICRW AT HP&R HMB@IX $CMX 
&D LSIWM . BDQWT HAXRWNWT , K$HNICXWN LA HIH NITN L&IR&WR , HXLH RA$L"C 
BM$XQ WIR@WAWZI BHNHGTW $L SPNSR , $HSB HNAH LQHL HCWPIM . 

* 

N $APW LNCX KDI L$PR AT MCB HRWX B&QBWT HARW&IM HSW&RIM $&BRW &LIHM B$BW& 
$&BR BIRW$LIM . MNGD BIQ$W HAWRXIM MRMT GN LNCL AT MCB HRWX HIRWD $L 
HMDWMIIM WLZKWT BNICXWN XWC NWSP . &M TXILT HM$XQ LA HWTIR HGLIL SPQ BA$R 
LKWWNWTIW . BHNHGTW $L &DI GWRDWN , $L@ GLIL &LIWN BM$XQ WHKTIB AT HQCB : 
1241 ( DQH 7 ) , 0482 ( DQH 31 ) , 4504 ( DQH 71 ) . LGLIL LA 
HITH T$WBH LIKWLT HAI$IT HGBWHH $L PIRSWN , $QL& 33 NQWDWT WRIKZ AT M$XQ 
QBWCTW BM$K DQWT RBWT . $PR WLIP $$MRW &LIW , ICAW BXM$ &BIRWT . AK 
HWA LBDW LA IKWL HIH LNCX AT HM$XQ . HWLQWMB LA HZKIR AT IKWLTW , QR@R 
WSMIT $HIW AMWRIM L&ZWR BRIBAWND , NTQLW BQMBL WBWRMWR $Q@PW AT MRBIT 
HKDWRIM HXWZRIM &WBDH $AIP$RH LGLIL LCAT LHTQPWT MTPRCWT BWRMWR HWBIL , 
GWRDWN WM@LWN SIIMW BMRBIT HMQRIM BSL . BDQH H - 73 HIH ITRWN HGLIL 1918 . 
ICIATW $L LIP GRRH BTWK DQH AT CIMCWM HTWCAH L - 1988 . AWLM QMBL WGWRDWN 
DIIQW BQLI&WTIHM WHB@IXW AT HNICXWN ( 9919 ) . 

* 

MLKTXILH HIH BRWR $TWCAT HM$XQ TLWIIH AK WRQ BHPW&L XWLWN . HWA HCLIX 
LA LABD AWTW . &ZRW LW $XQNI BIT"R $HXLW AT HHTMWDDWT BCWRH GRW&H , 
&M MIIQL HAQ@ KRKZ &WBDH $HWTIRH AT SL XWLWN LA MAWIIM , KI LA HIH BBIT"R 
MI $IQL& . XWLWN NICLH ZAT L - 212 ( DQH 3 ) W - 716 ( DQH 5 ) . 
KNISTW $L WIISMN LTPQID HRKZ BBIT"R , WH&BRTW $L HAQ@ LAIZWR HSL , HXZIRH 
AT BIT"R LM$XQ . HAQ@ HXL BCBIRT NQWDWT ( 33 BSK HKL ) $GRDW XLQ MHP&R 
LZKWT XWLWN &D KDI $LW$ NQWDWT BLBD , 3505 BDQH H - 52 . ABL HID $L 
PIIGINS , BSDRT $L$WT RCWPWT ( 7 BSK HKL ) HXZIRH AT XWLWN LITRWN GBWH . 
BM$XQ BW QL@ WILIAMS RIBAWNDIM , IWTR MKL $XQNI BIT"R GM IXD ( 81 ) 
LA HIH LAWRXIM LMH LCPWT . M$XQM H@WB $L PIIGINS WWILIAMS XIPH &L MXCIT 
$NIH XL$H $L DWMAS XSR AIPWS BQLI&WTIW LSL ( APS NQWDWT AXRI HHPSQH ) 
WDLZL $HSTPQ B$L$H AXT . 

* 

XBL $HLIGH IWCAT LPGRH . KMH XBL , $HLIGH HZW $"HTXMMH " WHITH LLHI@ 
AMITI , TCA LHPSQH BT XWD$ BGLL M$IMWT HNBXRT . MI $IHNH MKK , LPXWT 
BXWD$ HQRWB , HIA QBWCT MKBI RA$WN LCIWN . XNIKIW $L M$H WIINQRNC I$QIPW 
&L HLIGH MHPISGH , &M ITRWN $L NQWDH . &M XIDW$H IARXW AT MKBI TL ABIB . 
AP$R KBR LHKIN AT HKR@ISIM . LGBI ALH $HIH LHM SPQ , HRI $AM$ HWA HWSR . 
RA$WN LCIWN BAH LAWLM BAWSI$QIN WTB&H QWRBN NWSP HPW&L TL ABIB . HTWCAH 
90139 BSIWM AWMRT HKL , GM LBITIIM $ZH HPSD BITI $NI &BWRM TWK $BW& . 
RA$L"C IKWLH LRAWT &CMH &TH , XZQ BTMWNT HMABQ &L 14 . ABL HMABQ HDRAM@I 
$L HMXZWR H - 9 HIH BGBT . 111011 LALWP MKBI TL ABIB , LAXR $TI HARKWT . 
GBT HXMICH HZDMNWT NDIRH . LMKBI PGRH ZW BAH BDIWQ BZMN . ARI RWZBRG 
HIH KWKB HMI$XQ &M 34 NQWDWT W$IA QLI&WT AI$I H&WNH . LAD HWR@WN $$IXQ 
RQ $TI DQWT ZH KNRAH MI$XQ HLIGH HAXRWN . HPT&T HMXZWR HITH BRMT H$RWN . 
HAGWDH HMQWMIT HDHIMH AT HMWBIL HPW&L IRW$LIM 6938 WHNXILH LW HPSD XWC 
RA$WN A$R HWRID AWTW MHMQWM HRA$WN . RMT H$RWN QPCH $NI $LBIM MHMQWM 
HAXRWN WHWTIRH MAXWR AT GBT WBIT"R T"A . $NI NICXWNWT BIT CPWIIM HW$GW 
BKPR BLWM WBXWLWN . HPW&L GLIL &LIWN $KX AT HTQRIWT B$BW& $&BR BIRW$LIM 
WNICX AT MKBI RMT GN 9919 . LHPW&L XWLWN HIH HRBH IWTR QL NGD BIT"R T"A 
2937 . LHTRAWT B&WD XWD$ . 

* 

AWRI MLMILIAN HSWBL MPCI&H BBRKW &BR ATMWL NITWX ARTRWSQWPIH . H$XQN 
IHIH BMNWXH MWXL@T $LW$H $BW&WT WIXZWR BHDRGH LAIMWNIM . HWA I$WB L$XQ 
RQ B&WD $I$H $BW&WT . HNHLH TDWN &M HMAMN KICD LHWCIA AT HPW&L KP"S MN 
HMCB HQ$H ALIW NQL&H . BKP"S HKXI$W AM$ $NWHLW , AW MTNHLIM , MG&IM 
&M MAMNIM AXRIM . HDI&H HRWWXT BXWGI HQBWCH HIA , KI NKWN L&K$IW WWI@AQ 
LAZARQ II$AR MAMN HQBWCH . IXD &M ZAT AIN MKXI$IM , KI KL C&D $IBIA 
LHBRAT MCB HQBWCH AP$RI B&TID . BINTIIM HWXL@ LRKW$ XLWC XD$ . HXIPW$IM 
MTNHLIM B$NI KIWWNIM : MN HLIGH HLAWMIT AW MXW"L . BMQRH H$NI IHIH HDBR 
&L X$BWN AXD HMGINIM HPWLNIM $L HQBWCH : QPIAS AW WWIAS . ATMWL &RK 
LAZARQ AIMWN WHIWM AMWR LHIWT AIMWN NWSP . . HHNHLH TTKNS LHXLI@ &L 
HM$K DRKW $L HMAMN DRWR BR NWR LAWR MCBH HGRW& $L HQBWCH . . MQWWIM 
LSIIM AT HMW"M &M AWPIR $MWALI &D SWP H$BW& . BINTIIM MM$IK H$XQN , 
$XZR LAIMWNI HQBWCH B$BW& $&BR , LHTAMN . HMAMN ZAB ZLCR LA IKWL HIH 
LH&RIK , KMH ZMN IDR$ L$XQN &D $IXZWR LKW$R M$XQ . 

* 

" ANW PTWXIM LKL BQWRT LA NTBII$ LHXLIP $XQNIM " , ALW XLQ MHDBRIM $AMR 
ATMWL HMAMN HLAWMI I&QB GRWNDMN , BDIWN &L HNBXRT HAWLIMPIT BW&DH HMQCW&IT 
$L HHTAXDWT LKDWRGL . HDIWN BW&DH HMQCW&IT WBMZKIRWT HTNHL B&QBWT MI$XQI 
HHKNH LMI$XQ BIWM D $L H$BW& HBA BIWWN ( 12 BNWBMBR ) $IHIH HRA$WN $L 
I$RAL B@WRNIR HQDM AWLIMPI . HDWBRIM HTIIXSW L$NI HHPSDIM BMI$XQI HXWC , 
26 BBRIT HMW&CWT W - 15 BCKIH WLMBXN HAXRWN BIWM D $&BR , BW NICXH I$RAL 
31 AT PWLIN BA$DWD . GRWNDMN $B WAMR , KI LKDWRGL HI$RALI B&IH &QRWNIT . 
" HNBXRT HAWLIMPIT HWKNH KRAWI , AK LKDWRGL HI$RALI I$ B&IWT KLLIWT . 
HKDWRGL HAIRWPI BWRX LNW BGIL 81 . HC&IRIM HAIRWPIM M$TLBIM BLIGWT $LHM 
WNWCR P&R , B&IQR BKW$R HGWPNI WBMHIRWT . HNICXWN &L PWLIN HXZIR LNW 
AT HIWQRH , AK LA ZW HM@RH . AM N$IG TWCAH @WBH BIWWN IHIH LNW ZMN L&BWD 
&L HMHIRWT . ANXNW M$XQIM LA@ , AK N&$H HKL KDI LHCLIX . HHTAXDWT NWTNT 
LNW HKL " . M"M IW"R HNHLT HHTAXDWT &ZRIQM MILCN $AL MDW& NWCXNW BHPR$IM 
KH GBWHIM . HWA @&N , KI LA CRIK LHIWT P&R KH GDWL MHRMH HAIRWPIT KMW 
LPNI 01 $NIM . DWD LWIAN AMR $$WM NBXRT $LNW LA NICXH B@MPR@WRH $L MINWS 
APS WLA HCLIXH BQWR . GZBR HHTAXDWT $LMH SWPR QRA LTT KTP LNBXRT WHZKIR 
$APILW IWWN NKN&H 05 B$WWDIH . MNHL HHTAXDWT I&QB ARAL AMR $I$RAL HIA 
MDINH Q@NH , AK I$ LH CIPIWT $L M&CMH . " I$ LNW 23 ALP KDWRGLNIM L&WMT 
ARB&H MILIWN BGRMNIH . KDAI LHTIIXS LRMH $LNW BDRGH $L MDINWT KMW PINLND , 
AISLND WRQ AXRI $NRKW$ NISIWN NWKL LHTMWDD BHCLXH &M AXRIM " . IW"R W&DT 
HNW&R NTN SLWB@IQ AMR $H$XQNIM $LNW LA M$TLBIM BAIRWPH . ARCI BN I&QB 
HCI& LTT GIBWI LMAMNIM LPNI HM$IMH HX$WBH . HSGL HAWLIMPI ITKNS HIWM LMXNH 
AIMWNIM $IIM$K &D IWM D . HIWM AXR HCHRIIM MTWKNN MI$XQ AIMWN &M HPW&L 
XDRH MHLIGH HARCIT . HMZKIRWT HXLI@H , KI B$BW& HBA LA IHIW MI$XQIM 
BIWM W , &QB $HIIT HNBXRT BIWWN . 

* 

DRAMH B$LW$ M&RKWT HTRX$H AM$ BAWLM HKDWRSL $L QBWC GBT . BSIWMH NICX 
HALWP MKBI TL ABIB AT H&WLH HXD$ HPW&L GBT H&MQ 111011 . BSIWM 04 HDQWT 
HIH $IWIWWN 5858 WBSIWM HARKH HRA$WNH 7979 . &CWB HIH LRAWT AM$ AT BW&Z 
INAI , MAMN HPW&L GBT H&MQ , IW$B BTWM HM$XQ BWDD &L HSPSL MHRHR KICD 
IKLW XNIKIW LNCX AT HALWP ; KICD N$M@ HNICXWN MBIN HACB&WT . MNGD , 
$XQNI MKBI TL ABIB WHNHLT MQBWCH LA HRAW SIMNI AW$R BSIWM HMABQ HMTI$ , 
KMWTW LA ID&W B&MQ ZH $NIM , MAZ HHTMWDDWT BIN MKBI LHPW&L &PWLH . 
GM ZW HSTIIMH AXRI $TI HARKWT . WMI $PRC AZ LMGR$ BRIQWDIM WQRIAWT $MXH 
HIW AWHDI &PWLH . HNICXWN HIH LBSWP $L MKBI , AWLM $XQNI GBT HM HRAWIIM 
LT$BWXWT . ARI RWZNBRG WQALWWIN RWBR@S HIW KWKBI HM$XQ . ARI QL& 34 
NQWDWT ( $IA AI$I ) WRWBR@S CBR 93 NQWDWT W - 21 KDWRIM XWZRIM MHSL . 
$XQNI H&MQ HAXRIM $IXQW &M KL HLB WLA HIH RXWQIM MLHPTI& AT XNIKIW $L 
CBI $RP . $XQNI TL ABIB HRAW RQ $MC MIKWLTM . LM&@ MW@I DNIAL WLAWWN 
MRSR , WLPRQIM GM DWNALD RWIAL , HIW KL HITR XL$IM MAWD LRBWT $XQNI 
HNBXRT DWRWN GMCI , NDB HNPLD WGIA GWDS . BMXCIT HRA$WNH HIH HM$XQ CMWD , 
KA$R TL ABIB AINH MCLIXH LBRWX MGBT . HITRWN HGBWH $L MKBI BMXCIT ZW 
HIH NQWDH AXT , KMW SIWM HTWCAH BHPSQH ( 7464 ) . BMXCIT H$NIH HIH 
SBIR KI MKBI , $HXLIP $XQNIM RBIM BMHLK HM$XQ , AKN ICLIX LHGDIL LBSWP 
AT ITRWNW . AWLM $MIRH MCWINT $L RWBR@S WNIR ALWN ( HPT&T HM$XQ ) AIP$RH 
LAWRXIM LBRWX . HDRAMH HGDWLH HXLH 41 $NIWT LSIWM . NIR ALWN X@P KDWR , 
RC LBDW LSL WNBLM B&BIRH . HWA QL& NQWDH AXT WH$IG $IWWIWN 3838 . MKBI 
AIBD AT HKDWR P&M NWSPT WARI RWZNBRG , $TI $NIWT LSIWM HM$XQ , &LH LQLW& 
M@WWX $LW$ NQWDWT . HWA NXSM $LA KXWQ WN$QRH &BIRH . HQHL &CR N$IMTW . 
ARI ZRQ $LW$ P&MIM MQW H&WN$IN WQL& RQ $TIIM 5838 LGBT . RQ &WD $TI 
$NIWT . $XQNI GBT LXCW WMW@I DNIAL QIBL AT HKDWR MTXT LSL GBT WHI$WWH 
L - 5858 . HARKH . BXM$ HDQWT HBAWT HTNHL $WB MRDP . MKBI MWBIL LQRAT 
SIWM HHARKH B$TI NQWDWT , W$WB HIH ZH RWZNBRG $QL& $TI NQWDWT ( 7979 ) 
$$LXW AT HQBWCWT LHARKH NWSPT . $XQNI GBT , $$IXQW KM&@ LAWRK KL HHTMWDDWT 
HQ$H , &M AWTH XMI$IH RWBR@S , MZRXI RWZNBRG , LHB WNIR ALWN HXLW 
AT HHARKH H$NIH BAPIST KWXWT , KM&@ . $XQNI MKBI NICLW AT HXWL$H HPIZIT 
$L IRIBIHM WAT XWSR B@XWNM . $TI DQWT MHSIWM ( DQH 84 ) &LH MKBI LITRWN 
3 NQWDWT MSL $L GMCI MXWC LQ$T ( 701401 ) . GBT &WD NISTH L$NWT , 
ABL LA IWTR MA$R LCMCM &M H$RIQH L - 111011 . $P@W MCWIIN HC&IRIM DN 
BWRN$@IIN WGWZP &LINI . 

* 

IW"R W&DT HSPWR@ $L HKNST , X"K MIKH GWLDMN , BIQ$ LZMN LMXR DIWN BW&DH 
&L RQ& HAIRW&IM HAXRWNIM HNWG&IM LM&RKT HIXSIM BIN QBWCWT SPWR@ IHWDIWT 
W&RBIWT . X"K GWLDMN HZKIR AT PR$T HM$XQ $NDXH BIN HPW&L BIT $AN LHPW&L 
AWM AL PAXM , WAT TQIPT N&RI MKBI AWR &QIBA , AXRI M$XQ HLIGH B$BT &M 
N&RI HPW&L @IIBH . X"K GWLDMN HZKIR GM AT HXL@T AIGWD HKDWRSL LA LQIIM 
BI$WBIM &RBIIM M$XQIM BIN QBWCWT MQWMIWT LQBWCWT IHWDIWT , &L RQ& HMTX 
HB@XWNI . IW"R WW&DT HSPWR@ IZMN LDIWN MXR AT IW"R HNHLT HHTAXDWT LKDWRGL 
$AWL SWWIRI , IW"R AIGWD HKDWRSL IWRM AWBRQWBIC , NCIGI MRKZI HSPWR@ , 
IW"R AIGWD $WP@I HKDWRGL ABRHM QLIIN , IW&C RA$ HMM$LH L&NIINI &RBIM 
ALKS BLII WNCIG HM$@RH . BBIT $AN LA HIH B$BT HM$XQ BIN HPW&L HMQWMI LHPW&L 
AWM AL PAXM , LAXR $NCIGI AWM AL PAXM HGI$W BQ$H LBIT HM$P@ HMXWZI BNCRT 
&ILIT LB@LW . BIT HM$P@ N&TR LBQ$H WHWCIA CW MNI&H LQIWMW . X$$M $L 
NCIGI AWM AL PAXM NB& &L RQ& HCHRWT $XQN BIT $AN , CBI QPLN , $DIBR 
&L DQT - DWMIIH LZKR RA$ TNW&T KK HRB MAIR KHNA , $NRCX B$BW& $&BR . 
B&QBWT AMIRH ZW HW$&H QPLN MAIMWNI BIT $AN . HMQRH HAXR AWTW HZKIR X"K 
GWLDMN HIH B$BT B@IIBH . HMINIBWS $L N&RI MKBI AWR &QIBA , HWTQP BIDI 
R&WLI PNIM $ICAW MM@& ZITIM WHXLW LRGWM BABNIM AT KLI HRKB &L IW$BIW . 
X"K GWLDMN AMR L"SPWR@ HARC " : " HSPWR@ NW&D LAXD WLXZQ DW - QIWM BIN 
IHWDIM L&RBIM , WLA LHIGRR AXRI BWDDIM HMNSIM LPGW& BMRQM $NWCR BIN IHWDIM 
L&RBIM BAMC&WT MGR$ HSPWR@ . KL NSIWN LPGW& I$ LGNWTW . I$ L&RWK P&WLWT 
HSBRH LQIRWB IHWDIM W&RBIM $GWRLM LXIWT IXD BARC HZW " . 

* 

RMT H$RWN XWLLH AM$ HPT&H GDWLH , K$NICXH AT HMWLIK &RB HMXZWR HPW&L 
IRW$LIM 6938 . BMXCIT HRA$WNH NQ@H IRW$LIM B$MIRH AIZWRIT W$L@H BM$XQ . 
$XQNIH $P& WGIILS QL&W NQWDWT RBWT . RMT H$RWN , B$MIRH AI$IT , HXLH 
AT HM$XQ BHISWS . AWLM A@ - A@ NKNSH LMABQ . BDQH H - 7 HIH $IWWIWN 
4141 . ABDIH HIWGWSLWWI $NRAH HIH , KI IIALC L&ZWB AT HQBWCH BGLL IKWLTW 
HXL$H &D KH HC@IIN WQL& 51 NQWDWT &D HDQH H - 11 , BH NPG& BIDI RWBR@S 
WHWRD MHMGR$ NANQ MKABIM . M$NRAH $RMT H$RWN &WMDT LHIKN& , DAGW AIS@RLING 
WNWWRSWN LH$AIRH BTMWNT HMABQ . 3414 LIRW$LIM BHPSQH . &M XIDW$ HM$XQ 
HPK LMHIR IWTR . AIS@RLING LASWP WNWWRSWN CLPW MKL MCB WBDQH H - 72 HWBILH 
RMT H$RWN 0655 . MW@APCIC HXZIR AT IRW$LIM LITRWN 1606 . AZ HXLH HBRIXH 
HMDHIMH $L HMQWMIIM . IRW$LIM HPKH LQBWCH MPWRRT . $XQNIH HXLW LGLWT 
&CBNWT $PGMH BIKWLTM WMN&H MHM LTT T$WBH M&$IT LIKWLT HMCWIINT $L HMQWMIIM . 
GIILS W$P& , $BMXCIT HRA$WNH HC@IINW , KMW N&LMW . GM XBRIHM LA IKLW 
LRMT H$RWN $HGDILH ITRWNH 4736 ( DQH 63 ) . HQHL &MD &L RGLIW WHRI& . 
HR&$ BAWLM HIH MXRI$ AWZNIIM . HXGIGWT HIW B&ICWMN . HHPT&H HITH L&WBDH 
MWGMRT . 

* 

LPNI K&$RIM $NH &LH MARH"B HRB ICXQ AIIZIQ RWZNBAWM , HADMW"R MQLIWWLND , 
WH$TQ& BR&NNH . HWA RK$ $M XLQT ADMH LBNIIH WH&BIR AWTH L&MWTT " MWSDWT 
QLIWWLND WHQRIH BR&NNH " KMKR BLA TMWRH . HKWWNH HITH LHQIM BH QRIH 
XSIDIT , $TKLWL MRKZ QHILTI , BIT - KNST , BIT LADMW"R W$IKWN LM$PXWT 
QHILTW . BMARS 3891 HTQ$RH H&MWTH &M XBRT HBNIIH " $ . I . L . N , AXIM 
NXWM " BHSKM QWMBINCIH , $&L PIW TBNH HXBRH &L X$BWNH BNIIN $L 42 DIRWT . 
31 MHDIRWT TQBL HXBRH , W11 HNWTRWT I&BRW L&MWTH . TMWRT ZH HTXIIBH 
H&MWTH LH&BIR XLQ MHMGR$ LB&LWT HXBRH . BNSPX LHSKM HQWMBINCIH HTXIIBH 
H&MWTH L$LM AT MS H&RK HMWSP &L BNIIT DIRWTIH , &M H$LMT HDIRWT WMSIRTN 
LR$WTH , AP KI LA NQB& TARIK . BHSKM HQWMBINCIH HTXIIBH HXBRH LMSWR L&MWTH 
AT HDIRWT HGMWRWT BTWK 81 XWD$ MIWM XTIMT HHSKM . HWSKM , KI HNKS 
IW&BR &L $M HXBRH RQ KNGD MSIRT HDIRWT . HBNIIH LA HW$LMH BMW&D $NQB& , 
SP@MBR 48 . RQ BAMC& 78 HW$LMW XLQ MHDIRWT . HXBRH HWDI&H L&MWTH , 
KI $ILMH AT HM&"M &L DIRWT ALH WDR$H LHXZIR LH AT HKSP , KPI $HTXIIBH . 
&QB DRI$H ZAT , HM$QPT $INWI BPW&L BTNAI HT$LWM HMWSKMIM , NXTM BSWP 
APRIL 78 ZIKRWN DBRIM BIN HCDDIM , WBW NQB&W MW&DIM LHXZRT HM&"M . 
61 ALP DWLR $WLMW MRA$ , WTMWRTM QIBLH H&MWTH DIRH AXT , $NW&DH LM$PXT 
QN@WR . SWKM , $$AR HDIRWT II$ARW BIDI HXBRH K&RWBH LT$LWM ITRT HMS . 
&M ZAT NQB& , KI TNAI H&SQH II$ARW B&INM . BIWM $HITH H&MWTH AMWRH L$LM 
AT ITRT HMS , BSK K66 ALP $"X , HTNTH ZAT BQBLT &$R DIRWTIH . ABL 
HXBRH SIRBH W@&NH KI APILW TQBL AT HKSP , LA TMSWR AT HDIRWT &D $IIR$M 
XLQH BMGR$ B"@ABW " , LPI HSKM HQWMBINCIH . KIWWN $H&MWTH SIRBH L$LM 
AT ITRT HM&"M , HGI$H NGDH HXBRH TBI&H BSDR - DIN MQWCR LBIT - HM$P@ 
HMXWZI BTL - ABIB . H&MWTH HGI$H BQ$T R$WT LHTGWNN NGD HTBI&H , B$LW$H 
@I&WNIM . RA$IT , BNSPX LHSKM HQWMBINCIH NQB& , KI XWBT T$LWM HM&"M 
TXWL RQ &M MSIRT HDIRWT LIDI H&MWTH , WLKN HTBI&H MWQDMT . $NIT , HXBRH 
AIXRH BH$LMT HBNIIH WBKK GRMH NZQ RB , $H&MWTH R$AIT LQZZW MSKWM HTBI&H . 
$LI$IT , H&MWTH MTKWWNT LHGI$ TBI&H NGDIT &L NZQIH , WLKN HIA MBQ$T 
R$WT LHGI$ KTB HGNH KDI $$TI HTBI&WT IIDWNW BHLIK AXD . $WP@T BIT - HM$P@ 
HMXWZI RWT $@RNBRG - ALI&Z PSQH , KI H&MWTH TQBL R$WT LHTGWNN RQ B@&NT 
HQIZWZ , WGM ZAT RQ &D L82 ALP $"X , HMWRKBIM MMS RKW$ $$ILMH H&MWTH 
WMDMI H$KIRWT LM$PXT QN@WR , $N$AH BHM H&MWTH &QB HAIXWR BMSIRT HDIRH . 
BA$R LSKWMIM $RCTH H&MWTH LQZZ BGLL HNZQIM $NGRMW LH QB&H H$WP@T , KI 
SKWMI HNZQIM LA PWR@W KRAWI WKI H&MWTH MT&LMT MHSKMTH HMPWR$T BZIKRWN 
HDBRIM " L&IKWB KL HDIRWT , PR@ LDIRT QN@WR , &D SILWQ HMGI& &BWR 
M&"M " . HWAIL WNITNH HSKMTH $L H&MWTH L&IKWB , AIN HIA IKWLH LTBW& 
PICWIIM &LIW . H$WP@T DXTH AT BQ$T H&MWTH LAP$R LH LHGI$ TBI&H $KNGD LPICWIIM 
WLCWRK ZH LHTIR LH LHGI$ KTB HGNH , BNIMWQ $$ILWB TBI&T HPICWIIM BMSGRT 
HDIWN BTBI&T H$BT SKWM HM&"M TSBK AT HDIWN WTARIK AWTW . H$WP@T CIINH , 
KI BMQRH HNDWN " MDWBR BTWB&NH BSDR - DIN MQWCR , $&ILTH HIXIDH ITRT 
HMGI& LTWB&T MKWX ZIKRWN HDBRIM " . H&MWTH &IR&RH , BAMC&WT &W"D ABRHM 
DHN , &L HXL@WT H$WP@T LBIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN ( &"A 88582 ) . H$WP@IM 
DB LWIN , GBRIAL BK WI&QB MLC QIBLW AT H&R&WR WQB&W , KI HR$WT $TINTN 
L&MWTH LHTGWNN TKLWL AT KL H@&NWT $H&LTH , WAM TRCH TWKL LHGI$ GM TBI&H 
$KNGD . H$WP@ LWIN , $KTB AT PSQ - HDIN , CIIN , KI AMNM HHTXIIBWT 
L$LM AT HM&"M LPI ZIKRWN HDBRIM MAP$RT LXBRH L&KB AT MSIRT HDIRWT &D 
HT$LWM . WAWLM LKAWRH , AIN LHSIQ $HXBRH ZKAIT L&KB AT MSIRT HDIRWT 
K$I$WLM HM&"M . &WD QB& H$WP@ , KI AP $H&MWTH QIBLH &LIH XIWB ZH BZIKRWN 
HDBRIM , HM$NH LKAWRH AT HHSDR HQWDM , AIN LHSIQ MKK KLL W&IQR KI HIA 
WITRH &L @&NWTIH BDBR HAIXWR BMSIRT HDIRWT , KKL $HDBR AINW Q$WR LSIKWM 
BZIKRWN HDBRIM B&NIIN T$LWM HM&"M . ZIKRWN HDBRIM &CMW QWB& AT ZIQTW 
L&SQH BKLLWTH , BIN H$AR M$WM $NAMR BW KI KL TNAI H&SQH BIN HCDDIM &WMDIM 
B&INM . H$WP@ LWIN CI@@ MSPRW $L H$WP@ ZWSMN , " SDRI HDIN HAZRXI " , 
KI B$LB HDIWN BBQ$H LMTN R$WT LHTGWNN " DI LW ( LNTB& ) LHRAWT KI 
HGNH AP$RIT BPIW , WLW RQ BDWXQ , WBIT - HM$P@ XIIB LITN R$WT LHTGWNN , 
$AM LA I&$H KN , IKRI& LM&$H KBR BTWB&NH GWPH , WHNTB& ICA MQWPX " . 
WAKN , LD&T H$WP@ LWIN , I$ BPI H&MWTH @&NT HGNH HRAWIH LKAWRH LHI$M& , 
KI HTBI&H MWQDMT . HWA CI@@ &WD MHSPR , KI " @&NT QIZWZ HIA @&NT HGNH 
KKL @&NH AXRT , WB&@IH TINTN LNTB& HR$WT LHTGWNN KL AIMT $HDIN HMHWTI 
MKIR BH " . WMKIWWN $HWKR& KI H&MWTH R$AIT LHTGWNN , GM AIN L$LWL MMNH 
HG$T TBI&H $KNGD BAMC&WT AI - MTN R$WT LHGI$ KTB HGNH . BSWP PSQ - HDIN 
M&IR H$WP@ LWIN , KI N$IA BIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN HWRH L$NI HCDDIM LHGI$ SIKWMIM 
BKTB , $HIQPM LA IHIH GDWL MXMI$H &MWDIM LKL $LB @I&WN . WAWLM BAI - 
KWX HCDDIM H&TIRW &L BIT - HM$P@ " $P& RB KKL $NDBH RWXM AWTM WKKL A$R 
H&LH QWLMWSM . KK ZKINW , $SIKWMI HM&R&RIM H$TR&W &L 42 ( &$RIM WARB&H ! 
) &MWDIM . HM$IBIM LA NWTRW XIIBIM , WSIKWMIHM H$TR&W &L 52 ( &$RIM 
WXMI$H ! ) &MWDIM , WAILW T$WBT HM&R&RIM &L SIKWMI HM$IBH H$TR&H &L 
T$&H &MWDIM . ZAT W&WD , AM B&MWDI SIKWMIM LA XSKW BAI - KWX HCDDIM 
WLA QPCW IDM , HRI BKL HAMWR BRWWXIM BIN $WRWT H@&NWT QIMCW BAI - KWX 
HCDDIM GM QIMCW , WLA HWTIRW BIN H$WRWT RWWX AP KMLWA &WBI MX@ " . &L 
KK N&N$W $NI HCDDIM . HM&R&RIM LA ZKW LKISWI HWCAWT H&R&WR , WAILW HM$IBIM 
$ILMW 000 , 5 $"X LAWCR HMDINH . 

* 

LIG@I , MGDWLI HMXCIT H$NIIH $L HMAH , HNXIL LNW BIN $AR ICIRWTIW HMQSIMWT 
QWNCR@W QAMRI L31 KLI Q$T , N$IPH WMQLDT . BBICW& NAMN LAWPIW NPTX &RB 
ZH . BMWSIQH ZW NMCA MB@ AL &WLM XD$ AIDALIS@I $BW HAIRW&IM H$WNIM WHMWRKBIM 
AINM MTRXQIM MMRKZ HMQRIN &IDWN RB WIWPI &TIR GWWNIM . GWRMI HCLXT H"HQ$RIM " 
( BKWRH ) LQWL WLANSMBL KLI $L $@IINBRG , HIW SIPWRW HLBBI $L QAMINGS 
" HAI$ HZQN $AMR LMH ? " , $DWQLM K$$ZWRIM BW $IRIM B$PWT $WNWT . BN 
ZQN HIA " PRPWRMRIT " M$KN&T $QWLH AMNM Q@N , AK &$IR BGWWNIM DQIM 
BZMRH WBDQLWM . HMLWDIWT HQLI@WT LWW BMWSIQH QCT P$@NIT , AK SIMP@IT . 
SRWSI HWA MLXIN $RAWI L$IM LB LHTPTXWTW . B"DIPRNSIAS 2 $ALH $&WDNH 
LLA M&NH " ( BKWRH ) HWA M@PL BCWRH M&NIINT BM$WTP , B$WNH WBAWPIINI 
LXWMRI HCLIL $L GI@RH WQBWCWT KLIM AXRWT , BAMC&WT WRIACIWT &L PLX MLWDIH 
MWDRNIT KMW - MZRXIT . HWA M&WNIIN BAMT WBTMIM B$ALWT HNCXIWT , AK NISWXN 
KAN , DWMNI , @RM HGI& LMLWA HM$QL HR&IWNI WHHB&TI . AWPI $LW$ HMINIA@WRWT 
LGI@RH WLRBI&IIT PSNTR MWGDR BCDQ &L IDI IWCRN , ZWRMN , KQLIL WNWS@LGI . 
WAKN , HN KTWLDH $I$ BH M$HW , AK $AINH MWSIPH HRBH &L $HIH . " HKRML 
HAI NRAH " ( ARB&H M$IRI ZLDH ) LQWL WKLIM $L IN&M LIP HITH LDIDI HICIRH 
HI$RALIT HMW$KT WB&LT HM$QL HMWSIQLI - HB&TI , HGDWL BIWTR $L H&RB . 
KK GM HIH BICW&H BIDI HNGNIM , HMNCX @LGM WHZMRT WIIZL - QPSW@W . 

* 

HKL IWD&IM $I$ $LW$ MDINWT BL@IWT : AS@WNIH , L@WWIH WLI@A . ABL B$L 
$INWII HGBWL BAIRWPH B5491 , QIIMT MDINH BL@IT RBI&IT . ZWHI HMXCIT 
HCPWNIT $L HMXWZ HGRMNI $L MZRX - RWSIH . $MH HWA SIW@ LM$R@@I MPWT : 
QLININGRD AWBLS@ $L HPDRCIH HRWSIT HSWCIALIS@IT HSWBII@IT . &L HMPH 
ZW AWTH PISH Q@NH $L BRIT - HMW&CWT , $L&TIM QRWBWT AINH MZWHH B$M , 
H$WKNT BIN LI@A WPWLIN . HAZWR HIH $QW& BTRDMH BM$K 05 $NH , W&K$IW 
HWA MTXIL LHT&WRR . M5491 &D 9891 HIH ZH AZWR ASWR . AI$ , KWLL AZRXIM 
SWBII@IM , LA HWR$H LNSW& ALIW . ZH HIH ATR HBSIS HIMI HRGI$ BIWTR $L 
HQRMLIN , $$KN BQNIGSBRG , BIRTH $L MZRX - PRWSIH , WH&IR $BH XI WP&L 
&MNWAL QAN@ . B5491 $WNH $MH $L QNIGSBRG LQLININGRD . BIWNI 9891 
HGI&W HLMW@ QWHL WMIKAIL GWRBCWB LHSKM , $LPIW I$M$ AZWR ZH KMQWM MW$BH 
$L RPWBLIQH B&LT AWKLWSIIH DWBRT GRMNIT $THWWH XLQ AIN@GRLI MBRIT - HMW&CWT . 
BWN RATH BHSKM ZH AMC&I LBLWM AT GL HMHGRIM HGRMNIM $HGI&W MBRIT - HMW&CWT . 
B&INI MWSQWWH ZH HIH PTRWN LB&IH LAWMIT @WRDT $NM$KH $NIM . &D 1491 HITH 
QIIMT LAWRK HWWLGH RPWBLIQH GRMNIT - SWBII@IT $HITH IDW&H B$M HRPWBLIQH 
HAW@WNWMIT $L HWWLGH . LAXR PLI$T GRMNIH HNACIT LBRIH"M HKRIZ S@LIN 
&L KL HGRMNIM $XIW BBRIT - HMW&CWT KGIS XMI$I $L HI@LR . HWA PIRQ AT 
HRPWBLIQH WHIGLH AT HGRMNIM LRPWBLIQWT BMRKZ - ASIH , B&IQR LQZXS@N . 
B5491 , KA$R HRWSIM SIPXW AT HQCH HCPWN - MZRXI BIWTR $L GRMNIH HMXCIT 
HCPWNIT $L MZRX - PRWSIH GWR$H HAWKLWSIIH HGRMNIT . RBIM MTW KA$R &$W 
DRKM M&RBH LMXNWT &QWRIM . RBIM HTII$BW LBSWP BM&RB - GRMNIH WBAWS@RIH . 
B&QBWT HPGI$H BIN QWHL WGWRBCWB B9891 , HQIMH MWSQWWH W&DH LPTRWN B&IWT 
HMGWR$IM . HGRMNIM HTIIXSW LWW&DH ZW KAL MTN HK$R LHQMTH MXD$ $L RPWBLIQH 
SWBII@IT - GRMNIT . H$ALH $&MDH BPNIHM HITH HIKN LMQM AWTH . B$NWT H06 
BI@LH LM&$H HMPLGH AT HCW $L S@LIN , WBI@WL ZH HCMIX DRI$WT GRMNIM LHQMT 
RPWBLIQH LAWMIT M$LHM BBRIT - HMW&CWT . QWNS@N@IN ARLIK , &WRK MGZIN 
GRMNI BQZXS@N , GILH B8891 KI DRI$H ZW QIBLH TMIKH $B$TIQH MLIAWNID BRZNIIB , 
$HWCIA B2891 CW HMA$R AT $WBM $L HGRMNIM LAZWR HWWLGH . AWLM HRWSIM 
MTNGDIM NXRCWT LMTN QRQ& LRPWBLIQH HXD$H . AZWR HWWLGH , $TMID HIH XLQ 
MRWSIH , $WLB BRPWBLIQH HRWSIT B2491 . HQRMLIN GM H$T&$& BR&IWN LHQIM 
RPWBLIQH GRMNIT BPINH HCPWN - MZRXIT $L QZXS@N . ABL HQZXIM , BDWMH 
LRWSIM , AINM MWKNIM $IQR&W XLQIM M$@XM , WHM ICAW LHPGNWT NGD HTWKNIT . 
KK HTQBLH HHXL@H LMQM AT HRPWBLIQH HGRMNIT HXD$H BQLININGRD AWBLS@ , 
L$&BR MZRX - PRWSIH HGRMNIT . QWR@ WIDRMAIIAR , IW$B RA$ " WIDRGBWR@ " , 
ARGWN M@RIIH $L GRMNIM BBRIT - HMW&CWT , AMR BRAIWN L"$PIGL " , $HQMT 
" RPWBLIQH SWBII@IT SWCIALIS@IT GRMNIT " BCPWN - MZRX RWSIH , AINH 
RQ HGIWNIT , ALA GM " AI AP$R IHIH AZ LHA$IM GRMNIM $HM LWQXIM ADMWT 
( MAXRIM ) . BAWQ@WBR HAXRWN C&DH HHC&H LHQIM MWLDT LMI&W@ HGRMNI BBRIT - 
HMW&CWT C&D NWSP LQRAT MIMW$H , KA$R KTB H&T " LI@R@WRH GZA@I " &RK 
M$AL BNW$A BQRB QWRAIW HGRMNIM . IWTR M%08 AMRW KI I&DIPW L&BWR LMZRX - 
PRWSIH HCPWNIT MA$R LHGR LM&RB - GRMNIH . KMH $BW&WT LAXR MKN HWDI&H 
MWSQWWH &L TWKNIWT LM$WK GRMNIM MRPWBLIQWT SWBII@IWT $WNWT LHTII$B BQLININGRD 
AWBLS@ , WHCI&H L$NWT AT $M HBIRH LQAN@GRD , &L - $M &MNWAL QAN@ . C&D 
NWSP N&$H B11 BAWGWS@ , KA$R HWGW WRMBKR , XBR BKIR BWWIDRGBWR@ , AMR 
BRAIWN L"SWBII@SQAIH RWSIH " , $AZWR QNIGSBRG XIIB LHPWK LAZWR AW@WNWMI 
LGRMNIM BBRIT - HMW&CWT . HWA GM CIIN $I$ LWWTR &L TWKNIWT LII$B AT HGRMNIM 
$WB BAZWR HWWLGH . BINTIIM M&WDD HMM$L HNWKXI BQLNINIGRD TIIRWT GRMNIT 
WGM RWCH KI IKRIZW $HAWBLS@ HWA " AZWR KLKLI MIWXD " . BHC&H ZW DN K&T 
HQRMLIN . LMRWT $HMDINH HBL@IT HRBI&IT MTKNNT LHIWT RQ LRPWBLIQH AW@WNWMIT , 
DRI$H LRIBWNWT IKWLH L&LWT &L HPRQ AM TCLIX LI@A LHTNTQ MBRIT - HMW&CWT . 
AM LI@A THIH &CMAIT , LA IHIH LRPWBLIQH HAW@WNWMIT HGRMNIT QNIGSBRG , 
$WM G$R IB$TI &M $AR XLQI BRIT - HMW&CWT . B&IIT LI@A &WRRH IRW$H NWSPT 
MIMI S@LIN , HDWR$T @IPWL . B5491 NISH S@LIN LPIIS AT HLI@AIM , $Z&MW 
BCDQ &L $ILWBH MAWNS $L HRPWBLIQH $LHM BBRIT - HMW&CWT . HWA NITQ AT 
HPISH HCPWNIT $L MZRX - PRWSIH HIDW&H B$M MMLND , HM$TR&T &L K0081 QILWM@RIM 
RBW&IM , WAIXD AWTH &M HRPWBLIQH HSWCIALIS@IT HSWBII@IT HLI@AIT . MMLND , 
$AWTH HQIMW BMAH H31 MTII$BIM GRMNIM MXBL HRIIN , TXT H$M NWI DWR@MWND , 
HITH XLQ MMZRX - PRWSIH &D 5491 ( MLBD B$NIM 3293 ) . B3291 PL$H LI@A 
H&CMAIT LMMLND , $HITH AZ NTWNH LXSWT XBR HLAWMIM , BMXAH &L XWSR IKWLTW 
$L XBR HLAWMIM LHNI& AT PWLIN LSGT MWWILNIWS , $ALIH PL$H B0291 . RPWBLIQH 
RIBWNIT $L QNIGSBRG &LWLH , BDWMH L$KNTH HLI@AIT , LHIQL& LB&IWT &M 
PWLIN . &L AP $AIPTH $L WAR$H LHKRIZ &L KL HGBWLWT $LAXR MLXMT H&WLM 
H$NIIH K$RIRIM WQIIMIM LLA KL AP$RWT $L $INWI , HIA MTMQXT ZH $NIM &M 
HQRMLIN &L SIPWXH $L QLININGRD AWBLS@ ALIH . BQIC 9891 PIRSMW KMH HIS@WRIWNIM , 
BKNS $HTQIIM BXSWT HMM$LH BWWAR$H , T&WDWT HMCDIQWT C&D KZH . HHIS@WRIWNIM 
GM QRAW T&WDWT $HGNW &L SIPWX MZRX - LI@A LPWLIN B0291 . AM AKN TWQM 
RPWBLIQH AW@WNWMIT GRMNIT $THPWK MAWXR IWTR LRIBWNIT , IHIH H&WLM &D 
LDWGMH M&NIINT $L HIS@WRIH HXWZRT &L &CMH . 

* 

LPNI &$R $NIM HGI$H HWW&DH , $MINH $R HM$P@IM LBDIQT HMBNH WHSMKWIWT 
$L BTI - HM$P@ , AT MSQNWTIH . HWW&DH , $BRA$H &MD N$IA BIT - HM$P@ 
H&LIWN M$H LNDWI , HWQMH KDI LMCWA PTRWN DXWP LMH $KWNH BPIH " MCB XMWR 
$L &WMS ITR " BBTI - HM$P@ , WBIIXWD BBIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN WBBIT - HM$P@ 
HMXWZI BTL - ABIB . " AM LA TIMCA BQRWB TRWPH LTIQWN HMCB , KI AZ I$ 
LX$W$ $BTI - M$P@ ALH IKR&W TXT HN@L , W$WP@IHM LA IWKLW &WD LTT LCIBWR 
AT H$IRWT $HWA ZKAI LQBLW " , KTBH W&DT LNDWI BDIN WX$BWN $LH . B&$WR 
$XLP MAZ LA MWM$W HMLCWT HWW&DH , WHMCB BBTI - HM$P@ HXMIR . B$NH $&BRH 
HIW BBIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN K009 , 3 TIQIM TLWIIM W&WMDIM ( L&WMT K001 , 
3 B97 ) , BBTI - HM$P@ HMXWZIIM K06 ALP ( K24 ALP B97 ) WBBTI - M$P@ 
H$LWM K013 ALP ( K39 ALP B97 ) . H&WMS HRB &L BTI - HM$P@ PWG& , KMWBN , 
B&RKI CDQ BSISIIM . MKIWWN $ZMN HBIRWRIM HM$P@IIM MTARK WHWLK , NALCIM 
AZRXIM LHSKIM LP$RWT BLTI CWDQWT , MTRXBT HTWP&H $L &SQWT @I&WN , WI$ 
GM KALH HMNCLIM AT HTM$KWT HDIWN KDI LLXWC &L HCD H$NI LWWTR . BIWNI 88 
HGI$ $R HM$P@IM , ABRHM $RIR , LKNST HC&H M@&M HMM$LH LRPWRMH BMBNH 
BTI - HM$P@ , ABL HHC&H NK$LH BQRIAH HRA$WNH . KL HMTNGDIM HKIRW BCWRK 
BRPWRMH , AK NKN&W LMABQM HPWMBI $L H$WP@IM HMXWZIIM NGD HHC&H . H$WP@IM 
RAW BHC&H NISIWN LPGW& BM&MDM . $R HM$P@IM DN MRIDWR BXR BDRK AXRT LPTWR 
AT HB&IH : HRXBT SMKWIWT BTI - M$P@ H$LWM BAMC&WT H&LAT HSKWMIM $HM MWSMKIM 
LDWN BHM L003 ALP $"X , WHGDLT SMKWIWT HTBI&H LPTWX BHLIKIM PLILIIM 
BBTI - M$P@ H$LWM B&BIRWT MSWG P$& . BMQBIL HWGDLW HM$ABIM $L BTI - M$P@ 
H$LWM WHWRXBW HTQNIM $LHM , MTWK KWWNH LHQ@IN AT M$QLM HSGWLI $L BTI - 
HM$P@ HMXWZIIM BM&RKT HM$P@IT . ABL C&DIM ALH LA HSPIQW , WI$ M$P@NIM 
H@W&NIM , KI HTWCAH HIXIDH HITH H&BRT H&WMS MBTI - HM$P@ HMXWZIIM LBTI - 
M$P@ H$LWM . QPTMWNH1 , 71P&L AP TWSPT HM$ABIM LA HIW BTI - M$P@ H$LWM 
&RWKIM MBXINH MNHLIT LHTMWDD &M HGIDWL HRB BTIQIM , WHIWM CRIK LHMTIN 
XWD$IM &D $MTXIL HDIWN BTBI&H HMWG$T LHM . X"K PRWP $M&WN $@RIT , $HIH 
MXBRI W&DT LNDWI , HGI$ K&T LKNST HC&T - XWQ LRPWRMH BM&RKT BTI - HM$P@ , 
$NW&DH LII&L AT HM&RKT BLI LPGW& BM&MD H$WP@IM HMXWZIIM , KPI $HIH CPWI 
MHC&T HMM$LH . HMW&D HMWC& LRPWRMH HWA SP@MBR 29 , WHIA TI&$H B$LB AXD . 
&L PI HHC&H , TWRKB M&RKT BTI - HM$P@ M$LW$ &RKAWT : BIT - M$P@ $L 
H&RKAH HRA$WNH , BIT - M$P@ L&R&WRIM WBIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN . H&RKAH HRA$WNH 
TWQM BAMC&WT AIXWD MNHLI $L BTI - M$P@ H$LWM WBTI - HM$P@ HMXWZIIM . 
BTWK H&RKAH HXD$H TI$MR HHBXNH BIN HDRGWT H$IPW@IWT $L $WP@ MXWZI W$WP@ 
$LWM , ABL MIWN H$WP@IM II&$H &L PI RMTM . L&WMT ZAT , TBW@L XCICT 
HSMKWT HNHWGH K&T BIN $NI SWGI BTI - HM$P@ , WHDBR IB@IX ZRIMT TIQIM 
XWP$IT MMXLQH LMXLQH WM$WP@ L$WP@ WM&BR $WP@IM MMXLQH LMXLQH LPI H&WMS 
WHCRKIM . AIXWD HMNHL $L $NI SWGI BTI - HM$P@ ITRWM LII&WL H&BWDH . 
BKL BIT - M$P@ $L H&RKAH HRA$WNH IHIW N$IA WSGN N$IA , RA$I MXLQWT W$WP@IM , 
WHWA IXWLQ LMXLQWT KGWN : PLILIT , AZRXIT , MSXRIT , DINI M$PXH . 
KMW KN THIH BKL BIT - M$P@ KZH MXLQT &R&WRIM , $TDWN B&R&WRIM &L HXL@WT 
$L BIT - HM$P@ LTBI&WT Q@NWT , $L BIT - HM$P@ L&NIINIM MQWMIIM , $L 
$WP@I T&BWRH W$L RA$ HHWCAH LPW&L . &R&WR &L HXL@WTIH LBIT - HM$P@ L&R&WRIM 
IHIH BR$WT BLBD . BIT - HM$P@ L&R&WRIM IDWN BKL H&R&WRIM &L HXL@WT H&RKAH 
HRA$WNH . BKK IQBL &LIW XLQ MHM$IMWT HMW@LWT K&T &L H$WP@IM HMXWZIIM 
W&L $WP@I BIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN . BIT - M$P@ ZH IHIH MWRKB MMXLQH AZRXIT 
WMMXLQH PLILIT , WBRA$W I&MWD N$IA . BIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN II$AR BMBNH HQIIM , 
WI$M$ &RKAT &R&WR &L HXL@WT BIT - HM$P@ L&R&WRIM . H&R&WR ALIW IHIH 
BR$WT BLBD . BDRK ZW IWB@X , $BIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN IM$IK LQBW& HLKWT 
X$WBWT WIDWN B&NIINIM KBDI M$QL . SMKWIWT BG"C II$ARW BIDI BIT - HM$P@ 
H&LIWN , XWC MHSMKWT B&NIIN M$MWRT Q@INIM , $TW&BR L&RKAH HRA$WNH . 
&L PI HC&TW $L X"K $@RIT , TWGDL SMKWT H$WP@IM BARGWN HMNHLI $L HR$WT 
H$WP@T WTCWMCM SMKWT $R HM$P@IM . HIWM $R HM$P@IM MWSMK LMNWT N$IAIM 
WSGNI N$IAIM LBTI - HM$P@ , BHTII&CWT &M N$IA BIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN . MWC& 
LH&BIR SMKWT ZATW LWW&DH LBXIRT $WP@IM , KDI L$MWR &L &CMAWT HR$WT H$WP@T . 
KMW KN MWC& L$NWT AT HXWQ , HMSMIK AT $R HM$P@IM LZMN AT HWW&DH 
LMINWI $WP@IM RQ " M$RAH " $I$ LMNWT $WP@ . BMQWM ZH IIQB& , KI KA$R 
TTPNH M$RT $WP@ , IHIH H$R XIIB LZMN AT HWW&DH . KDI LHGDIL AT H$P&T 
H$WP@IM &L TPQWD HM&RKT MWC& LHQIM MW&CT $WP@IM , HMWRKBT MN$IAI BTI - 
HM$P@ WNCIGIM $L BTI - HM$P@ LMINIHM , WBKLL ZH BIT - HDIN L&BWDH . 
SMKWIWT GWP ZH I&WGNW BXWQ , WHWA ITWQCB MQWPT HMDINH . BMQBIL , TWQM 
MW&CT N$IAIM GWP MCWMCM , $IHIH AXRAI LNIHWL M&RKT BTI - HM$P@ . MW&CT 
HN$IAIM TMIIN AT H$WP@IM B&RKAH HRA$WNH LDRGIM H$WNIM , LPI RMTM . 
HIA GM TMNH AT RA$I HMXLQWT B&RKAH ZAT WBBIT - HM$P@ L&R&WRIM ( AT HN$IAIM 
TMNH HWW&DH LBXIRT $WP@IM ) . 

* 

IMIM ALH MTQIIMT BMILANW T&RWKH IWCAT DWPN $L BICIM MXRSINH , $IWCRW 
BXCR HCAR MHMAH H71 W&D TXILT HMAH H02 . HAWSP NMCA BMWZIAWN HHIS@WRI 
BMWSQWWH , WNTGLH B&T HKNT T&RWKH AXRT , $HWBAH LAI@LIH LPNI K$NH WKLLH 
ICIRWT MWPLAWT BLTI MWKRWT MAWSP HMWZIAWN . BICI HPSXA HN XLQ MMSWRT 
HKNSIIH HAWRTWDWQSIT BBRIT HMW&CWT . MNHG &TIQ HWA L$LWX BICIM CBW&WT 
BADWM WHWA MIWXS LAGDH &L MRIH MGDLNH , $HBIAH AL HQISR BRWMA BICH CBW&H 
BADWM KCB& DMW $L I$W . MNHG M$LWX HBICIM BPSXA HPK LXLQ MGINWNI HXCR 
MAZ IMIW $L HCAR ALKSII MIKALWBIC , ABIW $L P@R HGDWL . BZMNW NHGW BNI 
M$PXT HCAR LXLQ BICI XRSINH MCWIRWT LBNI M$PXTM WLBNI HACWLH . HIW BICIM 
Q@NWT BGWDL $L BICT IWNH WHIW GM BICIM BGWDL $L BICT BT - I&NH . BTXILH 
NCB&W HBICIM H@B&IWT BCB&IM CMXIIM WBQLIPWT BCL . BM$K HZMN IWCRW BICIM 
MXWMRIM MGWWNIM : ZKWKIT , &CM W&C . BMAH H81 NWSPW BICIM MNIIR , BD 
WQ@IPH . HXIDW$ HGDWL HIH BMXCIT HMAH H91 , K$HTXILW LIICR BICIM MXRSINH 
LBNH WLCIIR &LIHN MW@IWWIM DTIIM WH&TQIM MCIWRIM $L CIIRIM MPWRSMIM . 
AT HBICIM HIW TWLIM BTWK HBIT KMRKIB DQWR@IWWI . BKL BICH NIQBW $NI 
NQBIM LAWRK HCIR HANKI , WLTWKM H$XILW SR@ , $NQ$R BXLQW H&LIWN LQ$R 
PRPR . AT HBICH TLW KAIQWNIN . HSR@ HIH $ZWR BZHB WCB&IW TAMW AT CB&I 
HCIWR . BT&RWKH MWCGWT 28 BICIM MTWK HAWSP $L HCAR , $&LIHN MCWIRIM H&TQIM 
MCIWRIM MPWRSMIM $L LIAWNRDW DH - WINCI WRPAL . AT HT&RWKH HBIAH LMILANW 
HAWCRT MRILINH MRD@ DRIH DH - CWLIANW , WHIA XWNKT AWLM TCWGWT BRXWB 
HMPWRSM BIWTR BMILANW , WIH MWN@H NPWLIAWNH . 

* 

&ISWQ BMTM@IQH M$M&WTW TWBNH , ICIRTIWT , RCWN LHTNSWT WHTMDH " . KK 
KTWB B$&R GILIWN MSPR 201 $L KTB H&T LMTM@IQH . ZHW KTB &T CNW& MAWD , 
KM&@ AZW@RI . BPTIXT HXWBRT MWPI& HMDWR " B&IWT LMX$BH " . MSGRT Q@NH 
BMRKZ H&MWD MKRIZH &L PRS BSK &$RH $"X LTLMID $PTRWNW HMLA L$LW$ HB&IWT 
HMWPI&WT BMDWR IGI& RA$WN LM&RKT . &WRKI KTB - H&T , HPRWPSWR AMRI@WS 
$MWAL ABI@L ( $HXL LHWCIA LAWR AT KTB H&T LPNI 52 $NH ) , WALKS QWPRMN , 
KIWWNW AT HMWCR $LHM LTLMIDI X@IBWT HBINIIM WBTI - HSPR HTIKWNIIM , 
ABL LA AXT MTBRR $GM HMWRIM QWRAIM BW WNW@LIM MMNW B&IWT $WNWT KDI L$LBN 
BMBXNIM $HM MXBRIM . MI $PWTR B&IH AXT , MWZMN L&BWR MID LB&IH HBAH . 
$X - M@ , MKWNWT HIMWRIM , M$P@IM GIAWM@RIIM WKW MMLAIM &T &MWDI KTB 
H&T BDPWS CPWP W&NIINI . BHM$K I$NH ANCIQLWPDIH Z&IRH HMPR@T AT TWLDWT 
XIIHM WHI$GIHM $L MTM@IQAIM GDWLIM MKL HZMNIM : ARKIMDS , PIBWNCI , 
&WMR KIAM PRMH , GAWS W&WD . AXRI HHPWGH HZAT , MGI& M@X NWSP $L B&IWT 
W$ALWT ( W&WD &$RH $"X LPWTR HRA$WN ) . LDWGMH , HB&IH HQCRH WHP$W@H 
BIWTR BQBWCH ZW : HMSPR 71 HWA MSPR RA$WNI IXID $HWA SKWM $L ARB&H MSPRIM 
RA$WNIIM &WQBIM : 71 7 5 3 2 . MDW& LA IITKN $QIIM MSPR RA$WNI GDWL 
IWTR B&L AWTH TKWNH ? WKK ZH NM$K WNM$K , &L - PNI 61 &MWDIW $L KTB H&T . 
APILW HKRIKH HAXWRIT MKWSH @BLAWT , $R@W@IM WSIMNI SPRWT . $M GM MWDI&IM 
H&WRKIM $HAXRIWT &L $GIAWT KL$HN $IIMCAW ( AM IIMCAW ) MW@LT &LIHM . 
KTB - H&T MTQIIM LLA TMIKH KL$HI . DMI HMNWI $L HQWRAIM ( &$RH $"X 
LARB&H GILIWNWT HRWAIM AWR B$NH ) , HM MQWR HMIMWN HIXID . HKTIBH , 
H&RIKH WHNIHWL N&$IM BHTNDBWT . LPR@IM NWSPIM : PRWP $MWAL ABI@L , 
HMXLQH LHWRAT H@KNWLWGIH WHMD&IM , QRIT H@KNIWN , XIPH . 

* 

MZK"L L$KT &WRKI HDIN , &W " D $M&WN BN - I&QB , QRA L$R HM$P@IM , 
DN MRIDWR , LIZWM HC&WT XWQ $IQB&W , KI NCIGI HL$KH BWW&DWT LBXIRT $WP@IM 
WDIINIM WKN RA$ HL$KH WRA$I HWW&DIM HMXWZIIM LA IWKLW LHIBXR LTPQIDM LIWTR 
M$TI KHWNWT RCWPWT . BMKTB AL H$R MRIDWR KTB &W"D BN - I&QB , KI XBRIM 
H&WMDIM BRA$ MWSDWT L$KT &WRKI - HDIN BAW LIDI HSKMIM CRI AWPQ , HMT&LMIM 
MHAIN@RS HCIBWRI HKLLI WXID$W AT BXIRTM $L XBRIM LKHWNH $LI$IT BWW&DH 
LBXIRT $WP@IM WBWW&DH LBXIRT DIINIM . " HTBWNH WHAXRIWT HCIBWRIT LA 
NMCAW ACL ALH $BIDIHM KWX HHCB&H " , KTB , " WHM DAGW LXIDW$ BXIRT &CMM , 
BMQWM LXTWR LBXIRT &WRKI - DIN AXRIM B&LI $I&WR QWMH " . " HSKMIM WBXIRWT 
ALH RQ M&MIQIM AT LIQWI HMAWRWT $BW NMCAT KIWM L$KT &WRKI - HDIN , KA$R 
XBRIM MKWBDIM RBIM B&LI IKWLT WKI$WRIM @WBIM MDIRIM RGLIHM MP&ILWT BMWSDWTIH , 
M$WM AWWIRT HMXNQ $ICRW XLQ M&SQNIH HMRKZIIM " , KWTB &W"D BN - I&QB . 


* 

BIN BNIINI HQWBIWT WHTRISWLIM $BCPWN RXWB ABN GBIRWL , MBHIQH BLWBNH 
WBZRWTH K&IN QWNKIH GDWLH ICWR IM QDMWNI MQWMR GB , HMTN$A KM&@ LGWBH 
HBTIM $MWLW . ZHW BIT HKNST " HIKL IHWDH " $L IWCAI SLWNIQI , HNW$A 
AT $MW $L IHWDH RQN@I , N$IA HQHILH L$&BR . HWA NBNH B$NWT H07 BCDW 
HM&RBI $L RXWB BN - SRWQ . BTI HQBLNIM H$GRTIIM $BCDW HMZRXI $L RXWB 
QCR ZH PWNIM M&RBH AL $RIDIW $L HKPR H&RBI L$&BR , SWMIIL , BLIL $L 
M$KNWT &WNI Q@NIM WMGWBBIM , $LXLQM GGWT R&PIM ADWMIM HNAXZIM &DIIN B&Q$NWT 
B$IPWLI HGB&H , XRP NISIWNWT XWZRIM WN$NIM LPNWTM . BINIHM , B$@X $PNH , 
HQIM HADRIKL ICXQ @WLIDNW MBNH MGW$M WXRIG . HWA NISH L$WWT LW MRAH 
IIXWDI WSIMBWLI WBXR BCWRWT AWRGNIWT , HMZKIRWT AT TNW&T GLI HIM , AWLI 
KRMZ LIMH $L SLWNIQI . B&IQRW ZHW MBNH B&L XLL AXD GDWL , HBNWI KXC 
TLT - RA$I . BQCHW HQDMI MMWQM ARWN HQWD$ , BAPSIS BN $LW$ GWMXWT . 
HTRXBWTW HHDRGTIT MAP$RT PTIXT XLWNWT CRIM WGBWHIM , HM@ILIM AWR LKIWWN 
HBMH WARWN HQWD$ . HQWNKIIH MTRWMMT BHDRGH WMGI&H L$IA GWBHH BXZIT HKNISH 
HCPWNIT , HKWLLT AT ICI& &ZRT HN$IM . HLWBN H&Z $L HM&@PT MTXLP BCPWN 
B$LW$ Q$TWT GBWHWT , HN$&NWT &L QIR ICWQ B@WN DXWS BTBLI@IM WBKTWBWT . 
AL HKNISH LBNIIN MWBILH RXBH Q@NT - MMDIM BCDW HCPWNI . MAXR WHBNIIN 
AINW NICB LRXWB , ALA MQBIL LW , NGR& MRW$MH HIICWGI HMCWPH $L HXZIT . 
M&WRRT TMIHWT H&WBDH $BNIIN KH IWCA DWPN , $MSRIW @KSIIM - DTIIM WXZWTW 
SIMBWLIT WRG$NIT , NBNH LAWRK HRXWB KBIT MGWRIM MH$WRH . XWSR HMIQWD 
HRWWX BTL - ABIB , WHSTMIWT $BH NQB& MIQWMM $L MBNI CIBWR , BMQWM $NMCA 
BW MGR$ ZMIN , GWRMIM L&IR LHIWT RDWDH WXSRT HDG$IM AWRBNIIM . MN HRAWI 
HIH KI BNIIN KZH IWCB BAWPN $NITN IHIH LRAWTW , BQCH CIR TNW&H AW &L 
CL& RXBH PTWXH . AWLM , BNIGWD LRWB H&RIM HAIRWPIWT , $HTPTXW MCWMT 
LCWMT WMMBNH $L@WNI AW KNSIITI $LPNIW KIKR LMBNH WLKIKR AXRT , NBNTH 
TL - ABIB KAWSP RCIP $L BNIINI MGWRIM , $BINIHM M$WBCIM KID HSPQWLCIH 
AW HMQWRIWT MBNI CBWR . KA$R NBNH BIT HKNST @RM NWLD HMW$G PWS@ - MWDRNIZM , 
AK HTPISH HSIMBWLIT HITH MQWBLT AZ . BIN MXWLLIH HIH LH - QWRWWAZIH , 
$BNH AT HKNSIIH BRWN$AN B$NWT H05 . ZAT HWWTH MWDL XIQWI LMBNI DT RBIM . 
ZHW , AM KN , MBNH NR@IWWI MWBHQ , HMSPR AT SIPWRW B$P& MWPRZ $L DIMWIIM 
PLS@IIM W$WAP LH$PI& &L QHLW B$LL APQ@IM MDHIMIM , DWGMT HWWI@RZIM H&NQIIM 
$L IWSP $ALTIAL , TBLI@I HB@WN MRWBI HMNWRWT , MGINI HDWD , GLI HIM 
WHMWBAWT HMW@B&WT BB@WN $L QMXI , HTAWRH H&$IRH , HXLL HMTQMR , HSWRGIM 
DMWII HMNWRWT W&WD . AIN BW AP $MC $L TXKWM , &IDWN WAIPWQ . HRAWWTNWT 
H$WCPT HZAT MGBIRH L&WCMH WIZWALIT AWWIRH $L AMIRWT BNALIWT BIWTR . IITKN 
$BKK M$TQPT HPRWBLM@IQH $L BNIIT BTI KNST . LQSIQWN HDIMWIIM HXZWTIIM 
HIHWDIIM DL &D &LBWN . BTI KNST NBNW BRWBM TWK SIGWL HSGNWNWT HMQWMIIM 
HMQWBLIM BZMNM , WIIXWDM HC@N& LARGWN HPNIMI , $NB& MHCRKIM H@KSIIM , 
LLA HTPTXWTH $L SKIMH ARKI@Q@WNIT KBKNSIIH HNWCRIT LDWRWTIH . LQXW BKK 
XLQ GZRWT H$L@WN WHQIWM HIHWDI KMI&W@ . H$IBH LARC I$RAL WGIBW$H $L I$WT 
MDINIT IHWDIT , HBIAW LAIMWC KMH DIMWIIM ARKI@Q@WNIIM MAPIINIM . HKIPH 
$MQWRH , AWLI , BKIPT HSL& $HPKH L"MZRX " HMSML AT BIT HMQD$ BBIT 
HIHWDI BGLWT WHQ$TWT , N&$W MAZ LMSMNIM HMQWBLIM $L BTI HKNST A$R NBNW 
KAN . @WLDNW LA PNH LPTRWN HMQWBL HZH WHWA RAWI LHKRH &L &CM HMAMC $&$H 
LXRWG MH$GRTIWT WMHSTMIWT WLGB$ BI@WI HNDSI WCWRNI AQSPRSIWWI LMHWTW $L 
HBNIIN HPWLXNI , AK XBL $HDBR N&$H TWK GLI$H LPTRWNWT &ICWBIIM MPWQPQIM . 


* 

GBIIT QNSWT HIA MLAKH Q$H . BIIXWD K$MDWBR BQNSWT &L &BIRWT MSWG BRIRT 
M$P@ $AIN N$QPT SKNT MASR &L AI - T$LWM $LHM . KMW - KN Q$H LGBWT QNSWT 
BSKWMIM Q@NIM $GBIITM AINH KDAIT MBXINH KLKLIT M$WM $HIA KRWKH BHP&LT 
MNGNWN IQR . MKIWWN $MMDI HH$TM@WT MT$LWM QNSWT PWG&IM BAKIPT HXWQ , 
MKINIM BM$RD HM$P@IM HC&T - XWQ LII&WL HGBIIH , WBMRKZH HAP$RWT L&QL 
X$BWNWT BNQ . HXWQ HMWC& , $IIQRA " XWQ GBIIT QNSWT HT$NA0991 " , AINW 
NW&D L$NWT AT HHWRAWT HQIIMWT BKL XWQ L&NIIN T$LWM HQNSWT , ALA LHWSIP 
&LIHN WLTT KLIM LGBIIH BDRK $AINH MXIIBT XDIRH LTXWM HPR@ LCWRK BICW& 
&IQWLIM . &L - PI HHC&H , IMNH $R HAWCR PQID - GBIIH BKL AXD MHGWPIM 
HMWSMKIM LH@IL QNSWT . PQIDI HGBIIH , $IHIW MMWNIM &L GBIIT QNSWT $H@IL 
BIT M$P@ , IHIW &WBDI BTI HM$P@ . WAILW HPQIDIM $I&SQW BGBIIT QNSWT 
MNHLIIM WQNSWT &L &BIRWT $L BRIRT M$P@ , IHIW &WBDI HGWPIM HMMWNIM &L 
BICW& HTQNH , $MKWXH HW@L HQNS , AW &WBDI HGWPIM HMMWNIM &L AKIPT AWTH 
TQNH . LM$L , HM$@RH B&BIRWT T&BWRH . LPQIDI HGBIIH IHIW SMKWIWT $L 
GWBI MS , B&IQR LCWRK &IQWL X$BWNWT - BNQ , AK GM LH@LT &IQWLIM AXRIM . 
LCWRK HP&LT HXWQ , IRKZ M$RD HAWCR AT HNTWNIM LBICW& HGBIIH ( KMW MID& 
&L X$BWN BNQ ) . HNTWNIM $BMAGR ITIIXSW AK WRQ LXIIBI - MS , $LA $ILMW 
AT MLWA XWBM BMW&D , WI$M$W LGBIIT HQNSWT BLBD . KLLI HSWDIWT HXLIM 
&L GILWI MID& HNASP LCWRK GBIIT MSIM IXWLW GM &L MI $PW&L , MKWX HXWQ 
HMWC& , LGBIIT QNSWT . $R HAWCR IMNH &WBD MM$RDW $IHIH AXRAI &L MAGR 
ZH . LPQID ZH IHIW SMKWIWT LDRW$ MID& LCWRK GBIIT HQNSWT , MM$RDI MM$LH 
( XWC MR$WIWT MS ) , MR$WIWT MQWMIWT , MTAGIDIM CIBWRIIM WMBNQIM . 
XLQ MHQNSWT $IIGBW , &L - PI HXWQ HMWC& , IW&BRW LGWPIM $&SQW BGBIIH , 
KDI L&WDDM LHQIM AT MNGNWN HGBIIH HDRW$ WL&SWQ BGBIIT HQNSWT . HP&LT 
HXWQ THIH KRWKH BMIMWN MTQCIB HMDINH , BIN H$AR M$WM $HM$RDIM HMWPQDIM 
&L HGBIIH IC@RKW LHC@IID BMK$WR KDI L&MWD BQ$R MMWX$B &M HAWCR . WAWLM 
MKINI HHC&H MCIINIM KI MDWBR BQNSWT BMILIWNI $QLIM $AINM NGBIM KLL . 
LDBRIHM , LA IHIH CWRK B$LB HRA$WN BTWSPT KWX ADM LHP&LT HXWQ , $KN 
I&SQW BKK MXLQWT HGBIIH HQIIMWT BGWPIM H$WNIM . 

* 

B$RIT AXT . HNIWQI $CWPH BXMAH MWTKT WHWG$ BRW@B $MNT @WB &M BIIQWN WPRWSWT 
$L P@RIWT HIH MCWIN . HSQALWPINI AL - LIMWNH , PRWSWT &GL DQWT BRW@B 
HMBWSS &L CIR XWM , IIN MRSLH , LIMWN W&$BI MAKL HIH MAKZB M$WM $H&GL 
BW$L ITR &L HMIDH WHRW@B HWSMK , LLA SIBH , BQMX . BHTBSS &L HMNWT 
HLLW , $AXDWT AIKZBW BHXL@ , IGI& HX$BWN L$NIIM L07 $"X KWLL BIRH WASPRSW . 
KDI LQBL TMWRH MLAH LKSPKM HIKNSW RQ KDI L@&WM MNH AXT $L NIWQI WSL@ 
NDIB $L XSILWNIM , $QDIM , P@RIWT W&$BIM @RIIM , HKL &L MC& NAH $L 
XSH . $TI HMNWT , HMSPIQWT LARWXH QLH L$NIIM , I&LW RQ 03 $"X . HIA 
MS&DH AI@LQIT MSWG AXR . HIA NPTXH $NIM AXDWT LPNI HMS&DWT HAI@LQIWT 
MN HGL HXD$ , WMGI$IM BH AWKL P$W@ WXSR IWMRWT , NAMN BMIDH RBH LZH 
$AP$R LMCWA BHRBH AWS@RIWT CNW&WT BKL RXBI AI@LIH . HMINS@RWNH WHPS@H 
AI - PGIWLI ( MRQ $&W&IT &M PS@H ) $L PIWRLH HM DWGMAWT MR$IMWT LM@BX 
HAI@LQI HKPRI . AIN $WM DBR MTWXKM AW MWRKB BMRQIM HLLW , ABL M$WM $HM 
&$IRIM , MLAIM BIRQWT WMTWBLIM BCWRH MW$LMT , HM TMID MHNIM . HNIWQI 
MWMLC MAWD WRW@B HPS@W H@WB HMCWRP LMNH &$WI BSGNWN GNWAH , &M HRBH $MNT 
MTWQH . HPSILI PW@NSQH , HMWMLCT AP HIA , NRAIT KMW &RIMH $L XWLCI 
PQQIM $&LIH ICQW RW@B @&IM $L &GBNIWT , ZITIM $XWRIM WIRWQIM , P@RIWT , 
CLPIM , $WM W$MN ZIT . KMNH &IQRIT GM HSQLWPINI ALH - MRSLH WGM HSPZ@INW 
HIW BXIRWT MCWINWT . BMNH HRA$WNH @WBLIM KTITWT &GL BQMX MTWBL B&$BI 
TIBWL WAXR M$XIMIM AWTN BXMAH WBIIN MRSLH . HMNH H$NIIH , RAGW &GL MLIGWRIH , 
&$IRH B&GBNIWT , $MN , XMAH W&$BI MAKL @RIIM . KL MNWT HQINWX $L PIWRLH 
@WBWT . H@IRMISW $LH HWA T&RWBT &RBH $L GBINT MRSQAPWLI RKH , QPH W$WQWLD 
WHBISQWWI@H DH PIWRLH , HMBWSST &L BISQWWI@IM MRWSQIM , MWS $WQWLD W$RI 
BRNDI &$IRH BAWTH HMIDH . ARWXH HMBWSST &L MNWT ALH TGI& L011 $"X LZWG . 
XCI QNQN $L IIN HBIT IWSIP $MWNH $QLIM LX$BWN . BHTX$B BAWWIRH HAIN@IMIT 
HN&IMH WBAIKWT HGBWHH HQBW&H $L HAWKL , ZH MQWM $KDAI LNSWTW IWTR MP&M 
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@WBWT BM@BX HPR@I , AK AIN BKK DI KDI LPTWX MS&DH AI@LQIT . HMRQ $HWPI& 
BTPRI@ TXT HKWTRT MINS@RWNH HIH AMNM MRQ IRQWT KBD BSGNWN KPRI , ABL 
HWA LA HIH MINS@RWNH . MLWMBRDIH LL@IWM WM$M LLIGWRIH , KL MINS@RWNH 
$BW NTQLTI AI P&M KLL CIRWP ZH AW AXR $L KRWB , &GBNIWT , APWNH IRWQH , 
WBMQRIM RBIM SWG KL$HW $L PS@H . $WM DBR MALH LA NMCA BGRSH $L LH QWCINH , 
$LRW& HMZL $L@W BH TPWXI ADMH , BCLIM W$MN ZIT $BW &$W $IMW$ BID KBDH 
MDI . MNH $L RW@WLW DH LZNIH N&$TH BAMC&WT QIPWL AI@RIWT LZNIH RXBWT WIRWQWT 
&L MILWI $L P@RIWT MW$XMWT WGBINH LBNH . HPS@H HITH MBW$LT HI@B WHMILWI 
HIH @&IM , ABL HMNH NHRSH &L IDI RW@B &GBNIWT MIMI WTPL MDI . HZMNW GM 
MNH $L @LIIRINI ALH - MARINRH . BMQWM @LIIRINI QIBLNW SPG@INI , $HIH 
IKWL LHIWT MTQBL &L HD&T ALMLA BW$LH HPS@H ITR &L HMIDH &D $N&$TH RKRWKIT . 
ABL MH $&$H AT HMNH BLTI AKILH LXLW@IN HIH HRW@B . RW@B MRINARH CRIK 
LHIWT PIQN@I BMIDH N&IMH , ABL BRW@B $QIBLNW LA HIH $MC $L $WM , AP 
LA SIMN LAN$WBI , APILW LA HRMZ HQLW$ BIWTR L@BSQW AW LAWRGNW . IDW& 
$LKL @BX I$ IWM R& , W&L KN XZRTI LMS&DH BHZDMNWT AXRT . HTWCAH HITH 
HRT - ASWN GM BP&M H$NIIH . HMXIRIM KAN NMWKIM ( AP$R LQBL ARWXT &RB 
MLAH LZWG TMWRT PXWT M08 $"X ) , ABL HAWKL MAKZB . MAZ NPTXH BINWAR , 
HPKH LMS&DH MDWBRT MAWD . HARWXH NPTXH BPWNGI ALH - QRMH , P@RIWT HMWG$WT 
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WBLTI MGRH . MNT HPS@H HRA$WNH $@&MNW HITH NIWQI ALH GWRGWNZWLH . HNIWQI 
( KWPTAWT TPWXI ADMH Q@NWT ) HIW @&IMWT , ABL HN HW$ARW BMIM HRWTXIM 
ZMN RB MDI W&L KN HIW RKRWKIWT . AP KI RW@B HGBINH HIH @&IM , N&DR MMNW 
H@&M HXRIP WHBRWR $L HGWRGWNZWLH , HNX$BT B&INI RBIM LGBINH H@WBH BIWTR 
BAI@LIH . HLZNIH HITH Q@S@RWPH . B&WD $HLZNIH HAIDIALIT CRIKH LHIWT LPXWT 
BGWBH $L $MWNH SN@IM@RIM , HMNH $&$TH AT DRKH AL $WLXNNW HITH $@WXH KLBIBH . 
XSRWT LXLW@IN HIW H$KBWT HAWPIINIWT $L RW@B B$R WGBINH H&W$WT MNH ZAT 
MPTH KL KK . WKAILW KDI LHWSIP X@A &L P$& , XWMMH HLZNIH IWTR MDI P&MIM 
BTNWR , WBKK HPKW AT QRWM HGBINH H&LIWN LM$HW $DWMH LGWMI . HMNH H&IQRIT , 
&WP B@ARAGWN , $IPRH AT HMCB . H&WP , $HW$XM BT&RWBT $L XMAH W$MN 
WAXR KK NCLH &M IRQWT , @ARAGWN W&$BI MAKL AXRIM , HIH RK BMIDH W@&IM 
&D KDI KK $HIITI MWKN LHT&LM MHKMWT HRBH MDI $L $MNI BI$WL $NWTRH &L HCLXT . 
H@IRMISW $QIBLNW LQINWX HIH @WB LMDI . IXD &M BQBWQ $L QBRNH SWBINIWN , 
ARWXH L$NIIM HMBWSST &L HMNWT HLLW T&LH K051 $"X KWLL $IRWT . BMXIR 
ZH AP$R LCPWT LM$HW @WB IWTR . M&WCBT KBIS@RW $TPRI@W KWLL , BIN 
HITR , MNWT AI@LQIWT P$W@WT W@WBWT . AXD HDBRIM HRA$WNIM $H&IN QWL@T 
HWA $WLXN AN@IPS@W $&LIW MGWWN $L NQNIQIM @WBIM , KMH SWGI HRING , MTABNIM 
QRIM AXRIM WTCWGH NAH $L GBINWT . AP$R BQLWT LHRKIB ARWXH MN HDBRIM HLLW 
LBDM , ABL HXL@NW LLKT &L ARWXH QLH $KWLH PS@H . HRBIWLI HIRWQ , MMWLA 
BBLW@WT TIMWS $&LIHN HIZW IIN $RI , HGI& &M RW@B $L $MNT WGBINT $MNT , 
$LMRWT $HIH BW IWTR MDI QMX HIH @&IM LMDI . GM HQNLWNI , $HWG$W &M 
RW@B DWMH WGBINT PRMZN , HIW @&IMIM . MKAN HM$KNW LLZNIH , MNH RBT $KBWT 
&M A@RIWT MBW$LWT HI@B , RW@B BWLWNZ , RW@B B$ML WGBINT PRMZN . NISINW 
GM P@WCINI ALPRDW , AWTH MNH RWMAIT QLASIT $BH HPS@H MKWSH BRW@B $L XMAH , 
$MNT XMWCH WGBINH . $TI HMNWT &MDW BHCLXH BCIPIWT HR&BTNIWT $LNW . BSK 
HKL HIH $M MZWN MSPIQ LARB&H AN$IM WHX$BWN , KWLL QNQN GDWL $L IIN HBIT 
ADWM , HIH K02 $"X LAI$ . GM MXIRN $L HMNWT H&IQRIWT BTPRI@ ZH , HMWGBL 
BKWWNH ( NQNIQIM &M TPWXI ADMH , QI$ LWRIIN AW AWMCT PILH BGRGRI PLPLIM 
IRWQIM ) , SBIR WN& M21 &D 32 $"X . BHXL@ $WWH LNSWT . &M HRBH &C , 
MKWNT ASPRSW &TIQH KM&@ W$@X GN MQSIM , HWA MSWG HMQWMWT HP$W@IM WHMZMINIM 
$HIITM MCPIM LMCWA BIN GB&WT @WSQANH . SRGIW , $RK$ L&CMW MWNI@IN BMS&DT 
HXCR BIPW , MMWNH KAN &L HM@BX WAI$ AINW IKWL LHTLWNN $HAWKL AINW AI@LQI 
AWTN@I . HNIWQI $BW PTXNW HIH MCWIN , MBW$L BCWRH MW$LMT WMWG$ BRW@B 
PS@W &$IR B@&MIM $L BZILIQWM , CNWBR , $MN ZIT WPLPL . MRQ HMINS@RWNH 
HIH MSPQ LA PXWT . HCIR H&$IR HTMZG HI@B BIRQWT MBW$LIM WHMTWBLIM . &WP 
RWZMRIN HIH MAKL TAWWH , K$H&WR $L H&WP MBW$L BDIWQ &D LNQWDH HNKWNH 
$L PRIKWT WHPNIM RK BCWRH MW$LMT . HAWSW - BWQW , &CMWT RGL $L &GL 
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BRW@B $BW BW$LH WHCDIQH AT HMWNI@IN $LH KAXT HMNWT HPWPWLRIWT BIWTR BLWMBRDIH . 
HARWXH , KWLL PAI HLIMWN LQINWX , HITH M$BI&T RCWN , AK H$IRWT HIH 
RXWQ M$LMWT . KA$R HG&NW , BAXT AXR HCHRIIM , &DIIN LA N&RKW H$WLXNWT 
KRAWI WHMLCR HIXID $NRAH B$@X LA ID& L&NWT &L AP AXT M$ALWTINW . ARWXH 
L$NIIM , HMBWSST &L MNWT DWMWT W&M QNQN $L IIN HBIT , TGI& LK001 $"X , 
BHXL@ $WWH AT HH$Q&H . 

* 

MS&DNIM , HXW$BIM $HM IWD&IM DI WHWTR &L HM@BX HAI@LQI WMSWGLIM LH$KIL 
AT LQWXWTIHM . &WBDT BWAW $L HAWKL HAI@LQI LTL - ABIB IKWLH RQ L$PR AT 
HMCB KAN , M$WM $LPXWT MAZ $L@H M$PXT MDICI BPIRNCH WBAZWR @WSQANH , 
HC@IINW HAI@LQIM BAXD HM@BXIM HMTWXKMIM BIWTR B&WLM . HB&IH HIA $LKMH 
MN HAN$IM $PTXW AT BTI HAWKL HALH I$ ID& MINIMLI WKBWD MW&@ BIWTR LM@BX 
$HM MXQIM . HBIQWRWT HMWPI&WT LHLN &$WIWT L$M$ MDRIK LAWKL AI@LQI BGLGWLW 
HI$RALI . $ZH &TH XGGH AT IWM HHWLDT H$NI LPTIXTH , RWAH &CMH 
KXLWCT HGL HXD$ $L HBI$WL HAI@LQI . AMNM HIA MC@IINT BAWWIRH MQSIMH , 
AK I$ KALH HSBWRIM $ZW AXT HMS&DWT HMW&RKWT ITR &L HMIDH . QRPACIW 
HWA MAKL WNCIANI $BW $WRIM PRWSWT DQIQWT $L B$R BQR NA BMRINDH WMGI$IM 
AWTW &M GBINT PRMZN MGWRRT . BBIQWR AXD BPRGW HITH HMNH MW$LMT WMLAT 
@&M . BBIQWR AXR HW@B& MM$ HB$R BMRINDH , MH $GZL MN HB$R AT @&MW WMRQMW . 
BAN@IPS@W AXR , HAINSALA@H PRGW , NWSPH LXSILWNIM MWRTXIM T&RWBT $L 
XSH ADWMH WIRWQH WIRQWT AXRIM , HKL BRW@B WINGR@ . HSL@ &CMW HIH @&IM 
MAWD , ABL M$WM $HXSILWNIM BW$LW ITR &L HMIDH HM HIW GB$W$IIM WXSRI @&M . 
HMINS@RWNH , MCD $NI , HIH T&NWG . HWA HWG$ BSGNWN PLWRN@INI , LLA 
PS@H , WTWBL QLWT B&$BI TIBWL . BXRNW B$TI MNWT PS@H : P@WCINI BRW@B 
&GBNIWT WAXRT &M PS@W . $TI HMNWT HIW @WBWT ABL LA MS&IRWT . HMNH H&IQRIT , 
SL@IMBWQH , HIA DWGMH NWSPT LKK $BPRGW LA $WMRIM &L RMH AXIDH $L BI$WL 
WHIA M$TNH MBIQWR LBIQWR . BHZDMNWT AXT HITH HMNH HZAT NPLAH . &L KTITWT 
DQWT $L &GL BZQW MRWWH , PLPL WMLX WAXR GILGLW MSBIBN PRWSWT DQWT $L 
QWTLI XZIR PRW$W@W . KL ZH HW$XM BMHIRWT BXMAH WHIH RK W@&IM . BBIQWR 
AXR BW$L H&GL ITR &L HMIDH WHRW@B $BW HWG$H HMNH HIH MLWX HRBH IWTR MDI . 
LQINWX QIBLNW PINIA@H , T&RWBT HMBWSST &L XMAH , XLBWNI BICIM , $MNT 
MTWQH , CNWBRIM , $WQWLD MTWQ - MRIR WQPH , $HITH XLQH W&$IRH . LRW& 
HMZL HQCPT $HWG$H &M HQINWX HWTZH MBQBWQ SPRII . BMXIRIM $L PRGW AIN 
ZH BLTI HGIWNI LCPWT LQCPT M$MNT AMITIT . BHTBSS &L HMNWT HLLW , KWLL 
BQBWQ IIN ADWM MRLW DL PIABH M$NT 7891 , TSTKM ARWXT &RB L$NIIM BK012 
$"X . HAWKL @WB LMDI , AK IQR . HIA MS&DH AXRT &M M&MD MKWBD BNWP HQWLINRI 
WHXBRTI , LMRWT $GILH AINW &WLH &L 81 XWD$IM . HB&LIM , RPI ADR , 
HTGWRR ZMN MH BAI@LIH WHWA MKNH AT HMQWM $LW , HM&WCB BP$@WT AK BRXBWT , 
" @R@WRIH " , WBKK MPGIN XWSR IWMRWT M&WRR H&RKH . P@RIWT MMWLAWT GDWLWT , 
MCWPWT IPH BPIRWRI LXM MTWBLIM WM@WGNWT B@IGWN &MWQ , HIW MBW$LWT BCWRH 
MW$LMT KWLL HPS@W $BW MWLAW . HPGM HIXID BMNH ZW HIH $RW@B H$MNT $ICQW 
&L HP@RIWT HIH BCB& APWR XWM MDAIG WMRQMW HIH GR&INI MDI . SL@ $L GBINT 
MWCRLH W&GBNIWT BRW@B WINGR@ W&M HRBH PLPL HIH MNH RA$WNH @WBH IWTR . 
P@WCINI BSLMWN WQWWIAR WP@WCINI BAPWNH WP@RIWT HWKIXW $H@BX IWD& KICD 
L@PL BPS@H . $TI HMNWT LWW BRW@B LBN $HIH N&IM AMNM AK SBL M$IMW$ QMCNI 
BPLPL . KMNH &IQRIT HSQALWPINI ALH - MRSALH HIW @WBIM AM LA MCWINIM , 
WAP KI HRW@B HIH MTWQ MN HRGIL , HWA HLM , BAWPN MPTI& , AT @&M HB$R . 
H@IRMIS $QIBLNW LQINWX HIH HNAH GDWLH , AWLI HMNH H@WBH BIWTR $@&MTI 
MXWC LAI@LIH . KWLL QNQN $L XCI LI@R $L IIN HBIT ( A$QLWN ADWM ) WQPH 
LSIWM ARWXT &RB HMBWSST &L HMNWT HLLW HMXIR IHIH K631 $"X , KWLL DMI 
$IRWT BSK 5 $"X , S&IP M&LIB BHTX$B BMXIR . BW&Z QWIN@NR , HB&LIM WH@BX 
$L HTGWRR BRWMA M$K $LW$ $NIM WHWA AXD MB&LI HMS&DWT HAI@LQIWT HMQWMIIM 
$&BR XNIKH QWLINARIT BAI@LIH . IHIW A$R IHIW HM&LWT WHXSRWNWT $L HAWKL 
BMS&DH $LW , HIA AI@LQIT L&ILA . PRWSWT HPRW$W@W $HWG$W BMNT HAN@IPS@W 
HM&WRB HIW BSDR , ABL HXCIL , $NCLH BGRIL WAXR KK @WGN , HIH SPWG B$MN 
ZIT $PGM B@&MW . P$@IDT QWTLI HXZIR WHIRQWT HITH XSRT @&M W$IMW$ NW&Z 
IWTR BTBLINIM WB&$BI TIBWL HIH M$PR AT @&MH . HAN@IPS@W $L MAKLI IM HIH 
MWRKB B&IQR MZRW&WT TMNWN WMXSILWNIM MBW$LIM BIIN ADWM , XWMC , &$BI 
TIBWL WTBLINIM . AP $HMNH HITH @&IMH , XSRH BH HXRIPWT $L PLPLI CILI 
WHMTIQWT $L QWRNIT HAWPIINIIM BDRK KLL LMNH ZW . 

* 

KMW $I&WLIM , $L$WL WXWM . HWRIHM HAMINW BRPWAH HMWDRNIT WHRWPAIM HMLICW 
&L PARAC@MWL , TRWPH DMWIT ASPIRIN . H&CH HITH @WBH AK LA HTRWPH . 
BKMH BTI - XWLIM HWKN HPARAC@MWL &M MMIS T&$IITI . ARB&H XWLIM HCLIXW 
LHBRIA , AK LPXWT 901 ILDIM , MGIL $$H XWD$IM &D $$ $NIM , MTW MAI - 
SPIQT KLIWT . MQRH ZH $HTGLH BSP@MBR HIH AWLI SIPWR HZWW&H HXMWR BIWTR 
$L ZIWP TRWPWT &D KH BNIGRIH . ABL MQRI HMWWT AINM MPTI&IM BMDINH $BH 
M&RIKIM RWQXIM $IWTR MRB& MKLL HTRWPWT HN MZWIPWT AW MTXT LTQN . KMH 
MHZIWPIM AINM MZIQIM . ICRN $L TRWPH AXT NGD MLRIH IKWL LMKWR AWTH BARIZH 
$L MTXRH PWPWLRI IWTR . TRWPWT AXRWT KWLLWT XLQ MHMRKIB HP&IL AK LA BMINWN 
MSPIQ . ILDIM NIGRIM XWLI MLRIH MTW , &L PI H$MW&H , LAXR $H$TM$W B"TRWPH " 
$LA KLLH $WM MRKIB NGD MLRIH . BPR$T HR&LT HPARAC@MWL QNH SWXR TRWPWT 
NIGRI MH $AMWR HIH LHIWT PRWPILN GLIQWL , XWMR HM$M$ LHMST PARAC@MWL 
LSIRWP , MSWKN NIGRI AXR . ABL BMQWM GLIQWL KLLW HCNCNWT AT BN - DWDW 
HQ@LNI , DIA@ILN GLIQWL . HSWXR W$NI &WBDIM N&CRW , AK HIH ZH MAWXR 
MDI LILDIM . XLQ MHTRWPWT $AINN &WNWT &L HTQN MIWBAWT LNIGRIH . &L GBWLH 
HARWK $WMRIM AN$I M$@RH WPQIDI MKS HIKWLIM BQLWT LHKPIL AT $KRM ( 051052 
DWLR LXWD$ ) B$WXD XD - P&MI . BNIGRIH I$ RQ 0006 RWQXIM &L 011 MILIWN 
TW$BIM , KK $XNWIWT LLA R$IWN WRWKLI RXWB MMLAIM AT HXSR . QL LMKWR 
TRWPWT MZWIPWT , HNMKRWT LA AXT BMXIRIM NMWKIM BHRBH MHTRWPH HAMITIT , 
BMDINH $HKNSTH LGWLGWLT B9891 HSTKMH B072 DWLR . RWQXIM MWKRIM TRWPWT 
LLA MR$M WRWKLIM ANALPABITIM NWTNIM LP&MIM &CWT WAPILW ZRIQWT LXWLIM . 
I$ HMTIIXSIM LGLWLWT KCWRH AXRT $L KI$WP . " MH $H&WLM HM&RBI H$IG 
BMATIM $NH , ANXNW CRIKIM LHSPIQ B&$WR " , AWMR D"R TWMAS ADIAWIH LAMBW , 
NIGRI $$IM$ B&BR KSGN - MNK"L ARGWN HBRIAWT H&WLMI . ZW M$IMH Q$H LM$RD 
BRIAWT $TQCIBW H$NTI MSTKM B66 MILIWN DWLR , K06 SN@ LGWLGWLT . AK HMINIS@RIWN 
MNSH LHILXM BTRWPWT HMZWIPWT . MGWWN MBLBL $L IWTR M0001 TRWPWT ZMIN 
K&T BNIGRIH , ABL PQIDIM XIBRW R$IMH $L 014 TRWPWT XIWNIWT $NITN IHIH 
LMWKRN BAWRX XWQI HXL MH31 BPBRWAR . HM$RD GM HWCIA $NI MILIWN DWLR &L 
QNIIT CIWD XD$ LBDIQT TRWPWT WHQIM KWXWT M$IMH MIWXDIM B12 MDINWT NIGRIH 
LM&CR ICRNIM WSWXRIM $L TRWPWT MZWIPWT . ALA $LKWX HM$IMH HXWQI BLAGWS 
AIN KLI RKB M$LW WLRBIM MM$RDIW BMDINH AIN @LPWNIM . LLA TMIKH RBH IWTR 
QRWB LWWDAI $NISIWN ZH NIDWN LKI$LWN . 

* 

BNIGRIH MTW 901 ILDIM MAI SPIQT KLIWT LAXR $BL&W XWMR MMIS T&$IITI . 
BTI - XWLIM &IRBBW AWTW LTWK SIRWP M$KK KABIM MTWK AMWNH $ZH XWMR KIMI 
RPWAI TWCRT HWLND . BMQSIQW HXRIMW H$L@WNWT 000 , 51 TRWPWT MZWIPWT NGD 
KWWIWT . RBWT MHN KLLW NSWRT , QPH AW XWL , WGRMW ZIHWMI &WR Q$IM . 
BBWRMH MTW &$RWT TW$BI KPRIM LAXR $H$TM$W BTRWPWT MZWIPWT $DMW LTRWPH 
HMIW&DT NGD MLRIH . BAIRWPH XILQW BTI - XWLIM WBTI - MRXQT MILIWNI MINWNIM 
PIR@IIM $L TRWPWT LMXLWT LB $LXLQN HIH RQ MXCIT HRIKWZ HDRW$ . . B&$WR 
HAXRWN HCMIXW HRWWXIM $AP$R LHPIQ M$WQ HTRWPWT BN 051 MILIARD HDWLRIM 
SWG XD$ $L ZIWPIM : . H$MWT MWKRIM . BINIHM ZN@Q , HTRWPH HNMKRT 
BIWTR B&WLM NGD AWLQWS , SALWQIN , TRWPH LMXLWT LB TWCRT $WWDIH , ADRIAMICIN , 
TRWPH LLAWQMIH WPRNSIDR NGD MLRIH . HZIWPIM NRAIM KMW HDBR HAMITI , 
KWLL HTWWIWT WH&LWNIM HMGWLGLIM BTWK HQWPSH . BAPRIQH HGI&W ZIWPIM ALW 
LMMDI MGIPH : RWQXIM BNIGRIH M&RIKIM $IWTR MRB& HTRWPWT B$WQ HN MZWIPWT 
WAINN &WNWT &L HTQN . TRWPH AXT $NMKRH KAN@IBIW@IQH LA HITH ALA " ABQT 
@ALQ , &M HBW$M WHKL " , AMR $R HBRIAWT $L NIGRIH , AWLIQWIH RANSWM - 
QW@I . " MAWT AM LA ALPI APRIQAIM MTW " , AMRW SWZN PWS@R , KLKLNIT 
BRIAWTIT BBIT - HSPR LHIGIINH WLMXLWT @RWPIWT BLWNDWN . " ZH BAMT &SQ 
MLWKLK " , AWMR GWN DN , MNHL MINHL HTRWPWT BARGWN BRIAWT H&WLMI BZNWWH . 
" ZH HWA RCX HMWNI " . MI HM HMZIIPIM ? HXL MKIMAIM H&WBDIM 
BXDR HAMB@IH $LHM BDRWM - MZRX ASIH WKLH BICRNIM B&LI @KNWLWGIH MTQDMT 
BMDINWT KARGN@INH WIWWN . L&TIM QRWBWT NQWDT HMWCA HIA MDINH $AINH MKIRH 
BP@N@IM HBIN - LAWMIIM LTRWPWT HWDW AW TAILND , LM$L . M$M IKWLH TRWPH 
MWGMRT AW MRKIBIH HKIMIIM HBSISIIM LHI$GR LKL MQWM DRK $WRH $L MTWWKIM 
HMWKRIM AWTH BMXIRIM MWZLIM . ZIIPNIM TAILNDIM $&BDW BBIT XRW$T NIID 
LPNI XM$ $NIM , HCIPW AT KL H$WQ BBWRMH B&WTQIM XSRI &RK $L PRNSIDR HMIWCRT 
BIDI XBRT HWPMN - LARW$ W$L HTRWPH HAN@IBIW@IT SP@RIN $L XBRT WWLQAM . 
MSLWLH $L TRWPH HNMCAT BBRI@NIH IKWL L&BWR DRK BRAZIL , CILH , ARGN@INH , 
SPRD , AI@LIH " , AMR PWL QRA@W , H$WTP IXD &M ABIW , WINSN@ , BM$RD 
XQIRWT LWNDWNI HM@PL KRG& B06 MQRI ZIWPIM . . XBRWT TRWPWT RB - LAWMIWT 
NRT&WT MLHWDWT BB&IH . ZH " KMW L$AWL AT MI$HW AIK AI$TW BMI@H " , KPI 
$NISX ZAT PRQLI@ $L XBRT TRWPWT AMRIQAIT GDWLH . HXBRWT MWCIAWT MILIWNIM 
KDI LHILXM BZIIPNIM , ABL HN MKXI$WT $QIIMT BKLL B&IH . " LA HIINW 
XWLMIM LWMR $I$ LNW B&IIT ZIWP , AP AXD LA HIH AZ QWNH AT HMWCR $LNW " , 
AMR GPRI PW@ , &WRK - DIN $PR$ LA MKBR MXBRT HTRWPWT HBRI@IT WWLQAM . 
ABL BMCB $BW MGI&IM HZIWPIM GM L$WQI HBIT WLA RQ L&WLM H$LI$I , KMH 
XBRWT , B&IQR GLQSW HBRI@IM WHWPMN - LARW$ H$WWIICIT , PTXW B$ITWP P&WLH 
HDWQ &M ARGWN HBRIAWT H&WLMI . BMDINWT H&NIWT BIWTR PIR@IT HTRWPWT HIA 
BBXINT MGIPH . " LWA HIW HZIIPNIM MC@MCMIM RQ BGLWLWT MZWIPWT NGD $L$WL 
AW BSIRWP L$I&WL ZH HIH DBR AXD " , AMRH PWS@R . " ABL HM MIICRIM AN@IBIW@IQWT 
MZWIPWT , TRWPWT AN@I - WIRALIWT MZWIPWT , AINSWLIN MZWIP , WALH HN 
TRWPWT $HI&DRN &LWL LGRWM MWWT , B&IQR ACL ILDIM Q@NIM " , ( RAH TIBH ) 
. RWB HMDINWT HMTPTXWT AINN &RWKWT LH$IB MLXMH $&RH . &WNI , PR@I 
WLAWMI , &WMD B$WR$ HB&IH . ARB& $NIM LAXR $HTPWCCWT GZ @B&I B4891 HWLIDH 
SIPWRIM &L " TRWPT PLA " XD$H LKWWIWT , HXRIMW $L@WNWT MQSIQW 000 , 
51 MWCRIM $AMWRIM HIW LKLWL TRWPH ZW . TRWPWT AN@IBIW@IQH MZWIPWT NPWCWT 
BMDINH ZW LA PXWT . $L@WNWT MQSIQW GILW M&BDH BMDINT HIDALGW $MHLH TRWPH 
LA XWQIT BMIM MZWHMIM , ARZH AT HTWCR WMKRH AWTW TXT H$M LINQWCIN , 
TRWPH AN@IBIW@IT HM$WWQT &L IDI APGWN $L MQSIQW . H&WN$IM &L &BIRWT ALH 
HM BDRK KLL QLIM " . XLQ MHB&IH HWA ZMINWTN $L TRWPWT ZWLWT DMWIWT HTRWPWT 
HMQWRIWT BIWTR M04 MDINWT HMR$WT AT IICWRN . 3500 HDRGS@WRIM BTAILND 
MCWIDIM HI@B B&WTQI TRWPWT HMIWCRIM BAWRX XWQI BIDI 081 ICRNIM MQWMIIM 
WNMKRIM TXT TWWIWT MSXRIWT TAILNDIWT . . I$ MM$LWT HMTIIXSWT BSLXNWT 
L&WTQIM KALH , BNIMWQ $HTRWPH HMIWCRT BAWRX MQWMI NMKRT BRB& &D $LI$ 
MMXIR HTRWPH HMWKRT . ABL XBRWT RB - LAWMIWT AWMRWT $$KRM $L HICRNIM 
IWCA BHPSDM . AWNIBRSI@T R@GRS HI$WWTH LA MKBR AT PLDAN , M$KK KABIM 
LDLQT PRQIM $L M&BDWT PPICR , &M &WTQ TAILNDI HNQRA PLQAM . HKMWSWT 
HADWMWT WHKXWLWT HIW ZHWT , ABL RQ % 54 MHGRSH HTAILNDIT NSPG BGWP HXWLH 
L&WMT % 79 MKMWST PLDAN . BMXQR AXR NBDQW 41 XIQWIIM $L HTRWPH @GM@ NGD 
AWLQWS $L SMITQLIIN BICAM . 31 HIW XL$WT MDI WKLLW % 5 &D % 08 MHRIKWZ 
HDRW$ . H41 HITH XZQH PI $NIIM MHGLWLH HMQWRIT . XWLH LB BTAILND MT 
LAXRWNH KIWWN $HGLWLH $LQX HITH SMIKH KL - KK &D KI &BRH BGWPW BLI LHISPG . 
B&QBWT LXC BIN - LAWMI HB@IXH MM$LT TAILND LHGI$ HC&T XWQ P@N@IM XD$ LPRLMN@ 
B2991 . " MW@B $IHIW LAN$IM QCT TRWPWT MA$R BKLL LA " , AMR RA$ MINHL 
TQNWT HBRIAWT BTAILND LMBQR AMRIQAI . PQIDI BRIAWT TAILNDIM SIRBW LHGIB . 
MDINWT KTAILND MSPQWT LPIR@IWT NQWDT MWCA XWQIT . ABL AIRWPH WARCWT - 
HBRIT MCI&WT LZIIPNIM AT HRWWXIM HPW@NCIALIIM HGBWHIM BIWTR . XWQI HGNH 
&L P@N@IM BMDINWT HT&$IITIWT MTIRIM LICRNI TRWPWT LQBW& MXIRIM M$LHM 
&L PI HWCAWT HPITWX . HXBRWT HGDWLWT IKWLWT LHWCIA 521 MILIWN DWLR LPNI 
$HN MKNISWT MWCR XD$ L$WQ , WLKK I$ LHWSIP HWCAWT $IWWQ WAT HRWWXIM $BRCWNN 
LHRWWIX . HTWCAH IKWLH LHIWT P&R $L KM&@ % 0002 BIN HWCAWT IICWR GLWLH 
$L ZIIPN WBIN HMXIR HQM&WNAI $L TRWPH LGI@IMIT . ZIWP TRWPWT HWLK WNPWC 
BRXBI AIRWPH AW LPXWT ZWKH LPRSWM RB IWTR . BHWLND GILW PQIDIM LAXRWNH 
ZIWPI SALWQIN , ADRIAMICIN WZN@AQ . BPR$T ZN@AQ BHWLND QNTH XBRT H$IWWQ 
BAMS@RDM , PRMASIS , AT HGLWLWT HMZWIPWT DRK XBRT TIWWK TRWPWT $WWIICIT , 
RWDIWN , $AMRH KI RK$H AT ZN@AQ MQM&WNAI IWWNI MHIMN . ABL HGLWLWT , 
KPI $HTBRR , IWCRW BIDI ZIIPN IWWNI $QNH AT XWMRI HGLM M@WRQIH WMSINGPWR . 
MBXINH KIMIT HIW HZIWPIM KM&@ MW$LMIM . ZIWP SALWQIN &$H DRK DWMH , 
LDBRI HICRN H$WWDI , AS@RH . GM HP&M QNTH PRMASIS AT HGLWLWT MRWDIWN 
$QNTH AWTM MBIT - XRW$T LID MILANW . HZIWP HQIP MILIWNI GLWLWT $BWWDAI 
NMKRW GM BMDINWT AXRWT . " NGRRNW LMCBIM GRW&IM M&BR L$LI@TNW " , AMR 
MNHL RWDIWN , MIQAIL SAGI , $HKXI$ KL &BIRH . BCRPT XWQR K&T $WP@ @&NWT 
$XBRH CRPTIT ZIIPH AT HTRWPH NGD SR@N HDM , ADRIAMICIN , W$IWWQH AWTH 
BCRPT , BBLGIH WBHWLND . M$LWX $L WN@WLIN , MK$IR $AIPH NGD QCRT , 
NTPS B$DH HT&WPH HITRW BLWNDWN B$NH $&BRH . GLAQSW HBRI@IT , AXT MICRNIWT 
HTRWPWT HGDWLWT BIWTR B&WLM , GILTH ARB&H MWCRIM MZWIPIM $LH B81 HXWD$IM 
HAXRWNIM , KWLL ZN@AQ WWWN@WLIN . AI@LIH HIA AWLI HM@H H&WLMI $L PIR@IWT 
HGLWLWT . &D 8791 HIA LA HKIRH BP@N@IM HBIN - LAWMIIM . XWQRIM AWMRIM 
$KMH XBRWT BCWMT HKIMI - T&$IITI $L MILNW HM$IKW LH&TIQ TRWPWT B&LWT P@N@ 
LM@RWT ICWA . " I$ KAN M&WRBWT BRWRH $L HP$& HMAWRGN " , AMR PWL QARA@W . 
" ZW H$Q&H CNW&H HNW$AT RWWX &NQ " . TBI&WT M$P@IWT HTGLW KB&IITIWT . 
XBWRT TRWPWT RBWT MGI&WT LHSDR MXWC LKWTLI BIT HM$P@ WAZ M$IGWT CW AISWR 
KNGD PRSWM R$WMWT BIT - HDIN KDI LMNW& PRSWMT $TBHIL CRKNIM . QRA@W AWMR 
$%08 MHTRWPWT HMZWIPWT $XQRH HXBRH $LW BAW MAI@LIH . RWB HTRWPWT HMZWIPWT 
BARCWT - HBRIT $WWQW BIDI XBRWT HMWKRWT BHNXWT . BIN 1891 W4891 HGI&W 
IWTR MMILIWN GLWLWT NGD HIRIWN , AWBWLAN 12 , $IWCRW BBRCLWNH WBGWA@MLH , 
LMIAMI DRK PNMH . KMH MHGLWLWT HIW XL$WT MDI , AXRWT HIW XSRWT KL &RK . 
HQWGNRS HAMRIQAI QIBL B8891 XWQ XD$ NWQ$H , $BIN H$AR , SGR " $WQ 
APWR " B$WWI 500 MILIWN DWLR BTRWPWT &L PI MR$M . HXWQ AWSR &L IBWA 
MXD$ $L TRWPWT HNMKRWT M&BR LIM ( AWBWLNN 12 NKNS LMDINH KMWCR XWZR ) 
. HWA GM AWSR &L MKIRH MXD$ $L DGMIWT WTRWPWT HNTRMWT LCDQH AW NMKRWT 
LBTI - XWLIM , WHWA DWR$ MMTWWKIM LT&D BHQPDH WBHRXBH AT &SQWTIHM . 
AK B&IIT HZIWP &DIIN QIIMT BMIDH RBH BGLL &LIITW $L $WQ $XWR B$WWI 001 
MILIWN DWLR BS@IRWAIDIM ANABWLIIM MZWIPIM . BMRKZ PR$T HZIWP HDRM@IT BIWTR 
BARCWT - HBRIT , &MDH TRWPH MQWBLT NGD DLQT PRQIM , WRWQX C&IR B&L KW$R 
$IKNW& , GWWID NAGDI , $NIDWN BMAI L41 $NWT MASR . 

* 

SBWRIM KI AWZL WHWLK MLAI HAMC&IM $M@RTM L$KN& AT MM$LT I$RAL BCWRK LHP$IR 
&MDWT QPWAWT WLNW& BMSLWL HTHLIK HMDINI . MTGB$T ACLM HHKRH KI XLP &IDN 
DRKI HNW&M , WAIN &WD MNWS MHP&LT MQL XWBLIM . HM MWCAIM TIMWKIN LH$QPH 
ZW BN@IWT HRWWXWT LD&TM BWA$ING@WN . " MNHIG IHWDI AMRIQAI X$WB $BIQ$ 
L$MWR &L &ILWM $MW " ( LMH ? HAM HX$IPH TSKN AT M$RTW ? ) AMR LSWPR 
" HARC " KI BMM$L MBINIM , $MLIM AINN M$PI&WT &L $MIR . MH KN ? SNQCIWT , 
AMR , NXWCWT SNQCIWT . WSQR D&T QHL MGLH KI HXL@H &L SNQCIWT THNH MTMIKH 
NRXBT BD&T HQHL HAMRIQAIT ( &QIBA ALDR , 09 . 11 . 9 ) . HAWMNM " MBINIM " 
BMM$L $KLW KL HQICIN WHGI&H &T HSQNCIWT ? HMM$L HRAH BAXRWNH LA M&@ SIMNI 
BLBWL . AMNM ARH"B HCBI&H BAXRWNH B&D HXL@WT AN@I - I$RALIWT BMW&CT HBI@XWN 
( WBKK MILAH M$ALWT LA - KMWSWT $L HPRWPSWR IHW$P@ HRKBI WAXRIM ) ; 
ABL MCD $NI HM$IKH L$DR LI$RAL AWTWT TMIKH MWBHQIM . AIN HMDWBR BQWNGRS 
BLBD ( HHXL@WT HPRW - I$RALIWT HSWXPWT BSNA@ ) WBMLIM BLBD ( HCIWN 
L$BX B$BW& $&BR MPI HN$IA ) ; MDWBR BM&$IM , BRA$ WBRA$WNH AM KBR 
MDBRIM &L SNQCIWT BHGDLH MSIWWIT $L HSIW& HBI@XWNI LI$RAL BMSGRT HTQCIB 
HPDRLI HMQWCC L - 1991 . HDBRIM &LWLIM KMWBN LH$TNWT , BMHIRWT , LAXR 
$IIW$B M$BR HMPRC , BMIWXD AM TIWWCR AXRI KN HZDMNWT @WBH L@PL BTHLIK 
H$LWM HTQW& . ABL GM AZ SPQ RB AM SQNCIWT IHIW KLI I&IL L@IPWL BMM$LT 
I$RALIT SRBNIT . ZH $LW$H XWD$IM WXCI MP&IL H&WLM ( PXWT AW IWTR KWLW ) 
SNQCIWT NRXBWT NGD &IRAQ , HTLWIH BIBWA XLQ MHMZWN , RWB XWMRI HGLM , 
HCIWD WHXLPIM LT&$IIH WKN BICWA HNP@ . PQDWNWTIH BRXBI H&WLM HWQPAW . 
BAWPN TIAWR@I HIW SNQCIWT KALH CRIKWT LHWRID AT &IRAQ ZH MKBR &L HBRKIIM . 
BPW&L , HTWCAH HXIWBIT H&IQRIT AM LA HIXIDH HIA $ARH"B ZKTH BTIRWC WBAWRKH 
LARGWN KWXWTIH LQRAT P&WLH CBAIT , HNRAIT IWTR WIWTR BLTI NMN&T . I$ 
AWMRIM KI DRWM APRIQH AWLCH LSGT MMDINIWT HAPR@HIID BLXC SNQCIWT BIN - 
LAWMIWT . HSNQCIWT H$PI&W LR&H &L KLKLT DRWM APRIQH WHKBIDW &L XII AZRXIH 
( B&IQR H$XWRIM ) . AK H$INWI $XL BMDINIWT MM$LTH LA NB& RQ WGM LA 
B&IQR MN HSNQCIWT . HNSIGH HHDRGTIT MHAPR@HIID HXLH BAMC& $NWT H$B&IM , 
&WD LPNI $HWP&LW SNQCIWT BHIQP MM$I ; HHACH $XLH BTHLIK ZH &M &LIIT 
MNHIGH HNWKXI $L DRWM APRIQH NWB&T B&IQR M$KNW& PNIMI &MWQ , $MDINIWT 
HAPR@HIID HGI&H LSWP HDRK . I$RAL X$WPH IWTR M&IRQ WDRWM APRIQH LLXC XICWNI 
WHMMLICIM LARH"B LHKBID ID &LIH MBIAIM ZAT BX$BWN . AK HM AINM M&RIKIM 
KRAWI AT &WMQ MNI&IHM $L H&WMDIM BRA$H . MBQRI HMM$LH NHWGIM LTAR AT 
ICXQ $MIR WMM$LTW BMWNXIM $BIN MWKI SNWWRIM LMRW$&IM . AP$R LQBL AT H$QPWT 
$MIR WXBRIW AW LDXWTN ABL AIN @&M LPQPQ BKNWTM : HM MAMINIM BAMWNH $LMH 
$WWITWR &L $@XI ARC I$RAL IHIH MXDL HIS@WRI , WNSIGH LGBWLWT 7691 AW 
LQRBTM HPQRH GWRLIT $L I$RAL LSIKWNIM $IAIIMW &L &CM QIWMH . $ALWT $I$ 
L$AWL BNIDWN ZH : HAM HSNQCIWT LA IX$LW &WD IWTR AT NXI$WT MNHIGWT M$WKN&T 
L&MWD NGD LXCIM WI&ZRW LH LGIIS AT HCIBWR NGD MH $ITWAR KNSIWN AWNS BIN - 
LAWMI ? HAM NWKX HSIKWI $IWP&LW SNQCIWT LA IQ$IX HCD H$NI AT &MDWTIW ? 
MH H&MIDWT $L HSDRIM $IIKPW BNIGWD LRCWN HMM$LH HXWQIT $L MDINH BAMC&WT 
KWX XICWNI HAIN @WMNIM KAN ZR& LXIDW$ HSKSWK B&TID ? HPTRWN LSKSWK XIIB 
LBWA BTHLIK H$LMH PNIMIT $L $NI HCDDIM &M HCWRK BP$RH . RQ AZ IHIH LP$RH 
QIWM LAWRK ZMN . HNISIWN LKPWT P$RH BKWX &LWL LHBIA LTWCAWT HPWKWT MHMQWWT . 
&D KH P&LW HMM$LIM HAMRIQAIIM LPI &QRWNWT ALH . MN HRAWI $IT&LMW MKL 
" MZMINI " HSQNCIWT WITMIDW BKK . 

* 

HKWMR LBW$ GLIMH WATW QBWCT CLIINIM IRDW MHAW@WBWS BAXD MATRI HTIIRWT 
BCPWN HARC . MID NIG$ AL HKWMR PQX BIQWRT $L M$RD HTIIRWT , W$AL AWTW 
AM LQBWCH MTLWWH MWRH DRK MWSMK I$RALI . LA , &NH HKWMR , BATR QDW$ 
ZH LNCRWT AIN LHM CWRK BMDRIK MI$RAL . AK HPQX GRS AXRT . HXWQ MXIIB 
KL QBWCH MAWRGNT HMBQRT BATR TIIRWT LHI&ZR BHDRKTW HCMWDH $L MWRH DRK 
I$RALI . KIWWN $HKWMR &BR LKAWRH &L HXWQ , R$M HPQX AT PR@IW , KDI 
LNQW@ NGDW C&DIM M&$IIM . TMWNH M&IN ZW &LWLH LXZWR &L &CMH , WBIIXWD 
BDCMBR . KDI LMNW& AT HI$NWTH HWXL@ B32 BAWQ@WBR , BI$IBH SGWRH $L AN$I 
M$RDI HDTWT WHTIIRWT W$L AGWDT MWRI HDRK , $NCIG M$RD HDTWT , AWRI MWR , 
IIPG$ &M NCIG HWW&DH LCLIINWT NWCRIT , RICRD MTIAS . H$NIIM , KK MQWWIM , 
INSW LHGI& &D SWP HXWD$ LHSKMH LGBI ATRI HTIIRWT HMWBHQIM $BHM THIH XWBH 
&L QBWCWT CLIINIM LHC@IID BMWRI DRK I$RALIM . NCIG M$RD HTIIRWT , AWRI 
IW$& , CW@@ KMI $AMR BAWTH I$IBH $AM LA TW$G HSKMH LA IHIH MNWS ALA L$LWX 
PQXI BIQWRT LATRIM H$WNIM . NCIGI AGWDT MWRI HDRK , BRA$WT HMZKIR HARCI 
PNXS &MRNI WHIW"R $MWAL BR - AL HBHIRW $BAIN HSKMH HM I$WBW WI&TRW LBIT 
HM$P@ H&LIWN , $IWCIA CW NGD $R HTIIRWT . MABQH $L AGWDT MWRI HDRK LXIIB 
LIWWI $L MWRI DRK MWSMKIM LQBWCWT CLIINIM HWA MMW$K , WB$NH $&BRH AP 
HGI& LBIT HDIN HGBWH LCDQ . H$WP@ DB LWIN HCI& AZ LPTWR AT HB&IH MXWC 
LKWTLI BIT HM$P@ , WLHRKIB R$IMH $L ATRI TIIRWT LA QDW$IM LNCRWT , $&L 
D&T $NI HCDDIM HBIQWR BHM IXIIB LIWWI $L MWRH DRK I$RALI . KL ATR $LA 
IHIH BR$IMH , HBIQWR BW IHIH MMILA P@WR MXWBH ZW . DWMH HIH $HCDDIM 
MTQRBIM LHSKMH , AK H&IMWT SBIB HHTNXLWT BAKSNIH S@ . GWN BRWB& HNWCRI 
BMZRX IRW$LIM KNRAH HBIA LHQ$XT &MDTH $L HWW&DH LCLIINWT . H$IXWT LA 
HNIBW TWCAWT M&$IWT , WHMXLWQT &WMDT LPRWC $NIT . BSWP AWGWS@ NPG$ BR - 
AL BRWMA &M NCIG HWWTIQN HAXRAI LNW$A HCLIINWT , HARKIBI$WP GWBANI QLI . 
LDBRIW HSKIMW H$NIIM $I$ LHM$IK B$IXWT LGIBW$ R$IMT HATRIM HTIIRWTIIM , 
WKI HARKIBI$WP IKTWB MKTB BRWX ZW LAGWDH BI$RAL . AK HMKTB $HGI& ALIH 
HIH MMZK"L HWW&DH LCLIINWT NWCRIT BARC , HAB PIIR MDBIAL , $HBI& Z&MW 
&L PNIITH $L HAGWDH LRWMA BLA IDI&TW . BMKTB AXR , MH31 BSP@MBR , $HGI& 
LM$RDI HTIIRWT WHDTWT , MBHIR HAB MDBIAL AT &MDT HWW&DH LCLIINWT NWCRIT . 
HWA MSTMK &L HSKM IWLI 1891 , $NXTM BIN M$RD HTIIRWT LWW&DH LCLIINWT , 
W$P@R LM&$H AT QBWCWT HCLIINIM MHXWBH LHTLWWT BMWRI DRK MWSMKIM . " HWW&DH 
MBINH BHXL@ AT HDAGH LT&SWQH MLAH BMQCW& HTIIRWT " , PWTX HMKTB , " AK 
ASWR $IIPG& XWP$ HDT $L HCLIINIM HNWCRIM " . LDBRI MDBIAL AI$R BIT HM$P@ 
H&LIWN BNWBMBR 7891 AT HSKM 1891 , $PIR@ " KI HCLIINWT HIA P&ILWT DTIT 
WI$ LNHLH BXWP$IWT BIDI MDRIKIM AW MNHIGIM RWXNIIM " . HWW&DH , MM$IK 
HKWTB , AINH MQBLT AT HHBXNH $"MTIIMRIM L&$WT MWRI HDRK BI$RAL " BIN 
MQWMWT QDW$IM WATRIM TIIRWTIIM LXLW@IN . " ANW DBQIM B&MDH HTN"KIT 
$QWB& HNBIA ZKRIH , KI KL HARC HIA ARC QDW$H . ANW M&WNIINIM LHB@IX 
AT HTPTXWT HCLIINWT HAIKWTIT WAT TDMITH H@WBH $L I$RAL , HMGNH &L XWP$ 
HDT " . AGWDT MWRI HDRK MCAH $&MDH ZW SWTRT AT HHBNH $NWCRH BRWMA . BMSR 
LARKIBI$WP GWBANI QLI BIQ$ BR - AL AT HT&RBWTW HMIIDIT , BRWX HHBNH $H$IGW . 
AK T$WBTW $L QLI , $HGI&H BSWP SP@MBR , XPPH AT &MDT NCIGW BARC , 
WXZRH WHSTMKH &L HHSKM M1891 , $NWTN XWP$ P&WLH LCLIINWT $MARGNT HKNSIIH 
" BLI LHZNIX AT HAIN@RSIM HLGI@IMIIM $L MWRI HDRK BI$RAL " . KMDBIAL GM 
QLI M@IL SPQ AM ZKWTW $L BIT M$P@ LQBW& AT HCRKIM HRWXNIIM WHDTIIM $L 
CLIINWT DTIT WL&$WT HBXNH BIN MQWMWT QDW$IM WATRIM TIIRWTIIM MWBHQIM . 
HT&RBWT M&IN ZW , MZHIR QLI , &LWLH L&WRR MBWKH &MWQH . HKWTB , $M@&IM 
$H$IXH BRWMA NRATH KAWT $L RCWN @WB LMCWA PTRWN $L PIWS , MBI& AT BI@XWNW 
BIKWLT HPIQWX &L HTNHGWTM $L MWRI HDRK , WMTRI& $ " ALIMWT LA TWKL ALA 
LHXTIM AT DMWT I$RAL BRXBI H&WLM " . M$RDI HXWC , HDTWT WHTIIRWT MWD&IM 
LRGI$WT HRBH , WBPR@ BTQWPH ZW , $I$ LM&RKT HIXSIM &M HKNSIIH HNWCRIT . 
BRWR LHM KI KL HTNG$WT XZITIT &M HWWTIQN &LWLH LPGW& BTIIRWT HCLIINIT 
LI$RAL , $DWWQA NPG&H PXWT MKL TNW&T TIIRWT AXRT MAZ PRC M$BR HMPRC . 
NCIGI HWWTIQN &RIM HI@B LRGI$WT $MGLH HMMSD HI$RALI BKL SWGIH , H&LWLH 
LHTPR$ BD&T HQHL H&WLMIT KNISIWN I$RALI LPGW& AW LHGBIL AT XWP$ HPWLXN 
AW HDT . WAILW AGWDT MWRI HDRK , B$L H$PL BTNW&T HTIIRWT , MGBIRH AT 
LXCIH &L M$RDI HMM$LH BDRI$H $IAKPW AT HXWQ . BPNIWTIH MTIIXST HAGWDH 
LA RQ L$ALT T&SWQTM $L MWRI HDRK , ALA GM LH$TTPWTM $L M$RDI MM$LH BAI - 
AKIPT HXWQ . BL$KT DWBR M$RD HXWC NMN&W LHGIB I$IRWT L&NIIN , BNIMWQ 
$HWA NDWN BBIT HM$P@ H&LIWN WNMCA BTXWM @IPWLW $L M$RD HTIIRWT . NCIG 
M$RD HDTWT AMR $&MDT M$RDW HIA " LHGI& LHSKMH A$R THIH MQWBLT &L D&T 
$NI HCDDIM " . WDWBR M$RD HTIIRWT , IWSP $WBL , XZR WHZKIR KI BHSKMT 
MWRI HDRK HW@L &L M$RD HDTWT LNSWT WLHGI& LHSKMH &M HNCIGWT HNWCRIT LGBI 
HGDRTM $L ATRI TIIRWT MWBHQIM , $&LIHM TXWL XWBT H&SQTM $L MWRI DRK MWSKMIM . 
GWRMIM BKIRIM BM$RD HTIIRWT HBI&W PSIMIWT &MWQH " LGBI MIDT HGMI$WT $IGLW 
GWRMI HKNSIIH " . AM KK IHIW PNI HDBRIM , LA THIH BRIRH ALA LH$IB AT 
HWWIKWX LHKR&T BG"C . NCIG BKIR $L AGWDT MWRI HDRK , IWSP GRAW , MB@IX 
$BMQRH KZH INQ@W HMWRIM " C&DI MXAH M&$IIM $I&WRRW AT D&T HQHL BARC " , 
AK AT @B&M HWA SIRB LPR@ . 

* 

BIIRWT ( &"R ) . XBRI HMILICIH HXZQH BIWTR BLBNWN , HKWXWT HLBNWNIIM 
HNWCRIIM BHNHGT SMIR G&G& , HXLW LCAT MBIIRWT MSRW ATMWL &DI - RAIIH . 
LDBRIHM , XBRI HMILICIH PINW ARB& &MDWT MAZWR A$RAPIIH BMZRX - BIIRWT 
HNWCRIT ; &$RWT MXIILI HMILICIH HRSW MTRSIM &NQIIM WH&MISW N$Q WTXMW$T 
&L M$AIWT , LPNI $&ZBW AT HAZWR . AWLM , LDBRI &DI HRAIIH , LA PWNW 
KL &MDWT HMILICIH , HMWNH 000 , 01 LWXMIM , BA$RAPIIH . MQWRWT BI@XWNIIM 
AMRW KI HICIAH TW$LM BIMIM HQRWBIM . $L$WM &ZBW 000 , 5 LWXMI HMILICIH 
H$I&IT AML AT BIIRWT , BIWMH HRA$WN $L TWKNIT B$LBIM $NW&DH LHRXIB AT 
$LI@T HMM$LH &L HBIRH KWLH . N$IA LBNWN , ALIAS HRAWWI , HNTMK &L - 
IDI SWRIH , AMR BAMC& H$BW& $&BR KI HCBA IQBL LIDIW AT H$LI@H &L BIIRWT 
WH$KWNWT HNWCRIWT WHMWSLMIWT SBIBH , WI$IM QC L$L@WN HXRB $L HMILICIWT . 
HTWKNIT , $TW$LM B91 BNWBMBR , MHWWH C&D X$WB BDRK LSIWM MLXMT HAZRXIM , 
&L - PI HSKM @AIP $L HLIGH H&RBIT , $AW$R B$NH $&BRH BPRLMN@ . 

* 

WMTRXQIM MN HILDIM . HTXTNTI ATK , LA &M ILDIIK , HM AWMRIM LN$WTIHM , 
WM$AIRIM LHN AT KL HB&IWT " , AWMRT D"R HTRING@WN . HIA MMLICH LHIWT 
" HHWRH HSMKWTI " , ADM B&L XWM , $IPQX &L P&ILWIWT HILDIM BLI LDRW$ 
CIWT &IWWR . AT B&IWTIW $L HAB HXWRG MXMIRIM HMSRIM HM&WRBIM $HWA MQBL 
MN HM&RKT HM$P@IT WMN HXBRH BKLL . HRBH ABWT XWRGIM MSPQIM TMIKH KSPIT 
MLAH LILDIH $L HAI$H HXD$H , ABL I$ LHM RQ ZKWIWT XWQIWT M&@WT , ALA 
AM HM MAMCIM AT HILDIM . ABL BRWB HMDINWT HAIMWC AINW AP$RI LLA HSKMT 
HAB H@B&I . LM&$H M$AIR BIDIW AB @B&I ZKWIWT XWQIWT RBWT IWTR LGBI Q@INIM , 
APILW AM HWA N&LM WM$AIR AT GIDWLM LAB HXWRG . DIIWWID CIIMBRS , PRWPSWR 
LM$P@IM BAWNIBRSI@T MI$IGN , MC@@ AT HMQRH $L GBR $AI$TW MTH LAXR $LW$ 
$NWT NI$WAIM . HALMN BIQ$ MBTI HM$P@ XZQH &L $LW$T ILDIW HXWRGIM , $HIW 
AZ BNI ARB& , $$ WAXT &$RH ; BIT HM$P@ H&NIQ AT HXZQH LAB HBIWLWGI , 
$LA $ILM MZWNWT WHIH LW RQ MG& MW&@ &M HILDIM BM$K RWB $NWT XIIHM . " BMWXW 
$L HAB HXWRG MC@IIRT DMWTW KABIR &L HSWS HLBN H&WMD LHCIL AT KLTW HXD$H 
MN HXIIM HQ$IM $L HWRWT IXIDH WLXNK AT ILDIH XSRI HM$M&T $AINM &WZRIM 
BBIT WNWHGIM LRIB ATH " , AWMR D"R QAL@R . " B&T WB&WNH AXT , HIA &$WIH 
LXW$ $HWA MBQR AWTM IWTR MDI , WLKN HIA &LWLH LHT&RB BQWNPLIQ@ WLWMR 
LW LHTRXQ . &K$IW HWA X$ AT &CMW NBGD &L IDH , WHMTXIM $BINIHM HM $L 
NI$WAIM KMW GM MTXIM $BIN HWRIM " . GBRIM RBIM AINM MQBLIM BAHDH AT H&CH 
L$XQ TPQID M$NI BH@LT HM$M&T . LGBI HQ@WR LINW , MWRH HMTGWRR BBRWQLIN , 
H&CH GM MNWGDT LMCIAWT HXBRTIT $LW . " AINI IKWL LHIWT M$NI , BLI 
Q$R LRMT HTSKWL WXWSR HIKWLT $LI " , AWMR LINW , $BNW HXWRG HWA BN 02 
&K$IW . " HDBR Q$WR LAWPN $BW XWNKTI WHMCIAWT $L ILDIM $XWRIM " . IHIH 
HTPQID $MMLA HAB HXWRG A$R IHIH , XIIBIM LPTWR B&IWT &M HILDIM , AXRT 
ITMW@@W HNI$WAIM AWMRT HPSIKWLWGIT QWNS@NS AHRWNS , PRWPSWR BAWNIBRSI@H 
$L DRWM QLIPWRNIH , PSIKWLWGIT M$PXTIT WMXBRT HSPR " M$PXWT BGIRW$IN " 
( W . W . NWR@WN , 9891 ) . " AM HIXSIM &M HILDIM AINM @WBIM " , 
HIA AWMRT , " HNI$WAIM LA ICLIXW " . ZWG AXR , $HTXIL LXIWT IXD &M 
XM$T ILDIHM HMTBGRIM MNI$WAIHM HQWDMIM , NPRD AXRI $NH , BLI GIRW$IN . 
" HM MTKNNIM LXIWT IXD AXRI $AXRWN ILDIHM I&ZWB AT HBIT " , MSPRT AHRWNS . 
AM HAB HXWRG GIDL ILDIM M$LW , HHLM $L &ISWQ BILDIW $L MI$HW AXR AINW 
XZQ KL KK . " ANI RWAH IWTR WIWTR ABWT XWRGIM B$NWT H03 LXIIHM $M&WLM 
LA HTXTNW QWDM LKN WMQBLIM AT HAXRIWT &L M$PXH MWKNH " , AWMR D"R SIIB@ . 
" HM AINM IWD&IM MH HM CRIKIM L&$WT " . 

* 

MAZ WMTMID NIWW@W RIBIWT AT HTNHGWTM $L $WQI M@B&WT WMNIWT ( WBMIDH LA 
M&@H , GM AT HTNHGWTM $L MRBIT $WQI HSXWRWT ) . T$WAH RIALIT GBWHH , 
KZW HNHWGH BAXRWNH &L PIQDWNWT W&L AIGRWT XWB HNQWBWT BLI$ " @IM , BMARQIM 
WBPRNQIM CRPTIIM W$WWIICIIM , MGBIRH AT KWX M$IKTM $L APIQI H$Q&H BM@B&WT 
ALH APILW NT&LM M$IQWLIM AXRIM HMDRBNIM NHIRT KSP XM L&BRM . MAXR $ZH 
$BW&WT AXDIM CWPIM H$WWQIM HPXTH $L $&RI HRIBIT HDWLRIIM , NM$KH GM B$BW& 
$&BR MGMT HIRIDH $L HDWLR , $$WB KRH TXTIWT HIS@WRIWT L&WMT HIN ( PXWT 
M521 ) , HMARQ ( PXWT M05 . 1 ) , HPRNQ HCRPTI ( PXWT M - 00 . 5 ) 
WHPRNQ H$WWIICI ( PXWT M52 . 1 ) . K&T MIIXLIM H$WWQIM LMWCA PIH $L 
MW&CT GDWLI HPDRL RIZRB , HMTKNST LI$IBTH HXWD$IT MXR . AM LA TSTMN 
IRIDH PWRMLIT BRIBIWT BTWM HI$IBH , &$WI HDWLR LHTXZQ BMQCT , LPXWT 
L@WWX QCR . QPIDBIN$XIQTW HMTM$KT $L HDWLR BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM GWRMT LPR$NIM 
WLB&LI &NIIN LMINIHM LTHWT AM AIN H$WWQIM ( HNWD&IM BXIBTM LHQCNH , 
BIRIDH KB&LIIH ) MGZIMIM $WB . LD&TM , I$ BRMTW HNWKXIT $L HDWLR M$WM 
TMRIC MM$LTI SMWI LICWA HAMRIQAI , WAIN BH KDI L$QP AT KWX HQNIIH $LW , 
HM$TWWH LDBRIHM L - 09 . 1 MARQ , L&WMT K94 . 1 MARQ $&RW KIWM . LDI&H 
ZW AIN $WTPIM , L&T &TH : LA HBNQIM HMRKZIIM B$WWIIC , BGRMNIH WBIPAN , 
WLA H$WWQIM &CMM , H$WMRIM BQNAWT &L RIBWNWTM BQBI&T $&RIM . BMSXR HCWLB 
( M@B& LA DWLRI KNGD M@B& LA DWLRI ) BL@H B$BW& $&BR &LIITW $L HPRNQ 
H$WWIICI L&WMT M@B&WT MWBILIM AXRIM . KKL $RIBIT GBWHH MRWMMT AT &RKM 
$L M@B&WT , AIN HIA IPH LMNIWT , $KN , BIN H$AR , HIA MXIIBT XBRWT 
$MNIWTIHN R$WMWT BBWRSH LHTXRWT BT$WAWT HIWTR GBWHWT WHIWTR B@WXWT $MNIBIM 
APIQI XISKWN , KGWN PQDWNWT BBNQIM WAIGRWT XWB MM$LTIWT . KK , LM&@ 
MDD DAW GWNS BNIW IWRQ , $NN&L BIWM W B9842 NQWDWT , BLA $INWI BH$WWAH 
L2 BNWBMBR , HWSIPH MGMT HIRIDH LNGWS B$&RIHN $L MNIWT BMRBIT HBWRSWT 
HMWBILWT B&WLM , K$@WQIW , MILANW W$@WQHWLM RW$MWT IRIDWT $L K%5 , 
PARIS WHWNG QWNG % 4 , WSIDNI WPRNQPWR@ % 3 . HIRIDH BMDD DAQS BPRNQPWR@ 
NB&H BXLQH MH&LAT RIBIT HLWMBARD B1 BNWBMBR , WBXLQH MN HDIN WX$BWN HMPWKX 
$HXLW HGRMNIM LMSWR L&CMM &L HMAMC WHQWRBNWT $ITB& MHM HAIXWD HKLKLI $L 
ARCM . MNTWNIM $RAW AWR B$BW& $&BR , &WLH KI BAWQ@WBR GAH MSPR HMWB@LIM 
BMZRX GRMNIH M004 L500 ALP K%6 MKWX H&BWDH . MSPR ZH AINW KWLL 000 , 
007 , 1 NTMKIM ( MWB@LIM XLQIT ) . MSPR HMWB@LIM BM&RB GRMNIH &WMD 
&L 000 , 008 , 1 . QPIDBIN&L AP HIRIDH HXDH BH$TTPWTM $L QWNIM ZRIM , 
B&IQR IPANIM , BMKRZIM HRB&WNIIM LMKIRT $@RI AWCR WAIGRWT XWB LTQWPWT 
QCRWT , BINWNIWT WARWKWT , HCLIX HAWCR HAMRIQAI LGIIS BMRWCT H$BW& K56 
MILIARD DWLR BLA QW$I , K$XTIMWT - HITR N&WT BIN PI $NIIM LBIN PI 07 . 
3 MNPXN $L HHNPQWT HXD$WT . $@RWT L161 IWM NMKRW BT$WAH $NTIT $L % 14 . 
7 ; L$LW$ $NIM B%87 . 7 B%23 . 0 PXWT MA$R BAWGWS@ H$NH ; L&$R $NIM 
B%25 . 8 K%4 . 0 PXWT MN HT$WAH BAWQ@WBR ; WAIGRWT XWB L03 $NH BT$WAH 
$NTIT $L % 17 . 8 B%61 . 0 PXWT MBAWGWS@ . LQRAT SWP H$BW& PXTH HT$WAH 
&L AG"X ALH L%36 . 8 . $&RI HNP@ HGWLMI HWSIPW LNW& B@WWXIM CRIM IXSIT , 
BHMTNH LHTPTXWIWT BM$BR HMPRC . NP@ MSWG BRN@ NSGR BLWNDWN BIWM W B03 . 
43 DWLR LXBIT , B&WD XBIT NP@ MSWG @QSS NSGRH BNIW IWRQ B98 . 33 DWLR 
LXBIT . $LA KMDINWT &$IRWT B&TWDWT NP@ , KAIRAN WBRIH"M ( $TPWQT HNP@ 
$LH NSWGH LRMH $L 0891 ) , HGDILH S&WDIH AT TPWQT HNP@ $LH BK5 . 2 MILIWN 
XBIWT BIWM , M7 . 5 MILIWN XBIWT B@RM PRC M$BR HMPRC , LTPWQT $IA $L 
2 . 8 MILIWN XBIWT &K$IW ( K$HIA XWTRT LHGI& BQRWB LTPWQH IWMIT $L 5 . 
8 MILIWN XBIWT ) . QPIDBINH$PL HPWQD AT $&RI HDGNIM , $NSGRW BIWM W 
B66 . 2 DWLR LBW$L XI@H , B13 . 2 DWLR LBW$L TIRS WB76 . 5 DWLR LBW$L 
PWLI SWIH , M$QP B&QIPIN AT TLAWTIH $L BRIH"M WAT HNZQIM HKBDIM $MNXILH 
LH $I@T HKLKLH HRIKWZIT HMAPIINT AWTH . AWMNM BAXRWNH HKRIZH BRIH"M &L 
IBWL - $IA $L 042 MILIWN @WNWT XI@H , $I$ BW KDI LH$BI& AT CRKIH , AK 
K%03 MIBWL ZH N$XTIM B$DWT WAWBDIM BDRK , BGLL MXSWR BASMIM WBAMC&I TWBLH . 
ITR &L KN , AT % 07 HNWTRIM AIN HMGDLIM $$IM LMKWR L$L@WNWT . HM M&DIPIM 
LAGWR AWTM , KDI LMKRM L&T MCWA L$WQ HPR@I AW LARCWT HBAL@IWT , BMXIRIM 
H&WLIM PI 5 &L ALH $MCI&H LHM HMM$LH . WMKAN HMXSWR . B&BR H$LIMH BRIH"M 
AT HXSR BIBWL HXI@H $LH BRKI$WT B$WQI H&WLM . SPQ AM T$IG IDH L&$WT ZAT 
H$NH , APILW BTNAIM MW&DPIM , BGLL HGIR&WN BDWLRIM , HMKBID &LIH W&L 
$WTPWTIH BQWMQW"N H$WQ HMZRX - AIRWPI HM$WTP . KBRIT WAR$H HCBAIT , 
SPWRIM GM IMIW $L HQWMQW"N . I$ LHNIX $BTXILT 1991 AZ AMWRIM LSLQ MI 
$HIW XBRIW AT HX$BWNWT BINIHM BM@B& Q$H IMWT HARGWN MITH @B&IT . 

* 

HWA PR$ AT $IQWLI HMDINIWT $L M$RD HBI@XWN BKL HQ$WR L&RBIM TW$BI IHWDH 
$WMRWN WXBL &ZH , WB&IQR BA$R LB&IWT H&WLWT &QB KNISTM W$HIITM BI$RAL . 
MAXR $$MWAL GWRN HIH AXD MM&CBI HMDINIWT HMWBILIM BTXWM ZH , AM LA H&IQRI 
$BHM , BMHLK H$NIM HAXRWNWT , RAWIWT H&RWTIW W&MDWTIW LHTIIXSWT MIWXDT . 
QRIAT HDBRIM M&LH , $AIN HWA M$QP NKWNH AT MDINIT M$RD HBI@XWN BNW$A 
ZH , KPI $HITH BAMT B$NIM HAXRWNWT , WMH $IWTR XMWR HWA GM $WGH BNITWX 
HAIRW&IM WHMNI&IM $&MDW MAXWRIHM . GWRN AWMR : " ANI B@WX $CRIK LHKWT 
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AT MSPR H&WBDIM BI$RAL WLA LAP$R KNISH LB&LI SIKWN BI@XWNI " . BT$WBH 
L$ALH , MDW& HPW&LIM HPKW LHIWT SKNH BI@XWNIWT BTXWMI I$RAL , HWA M$IB 
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ALH HM&WNIINIM BKK &QBIIM BGI$TM . HM GM RWCIM BHQMT MDINH PL$TINIT 
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LA XWQI WBNIGWD LCW $L M$RD HBI@XWN , WBHSKMH LKK $ILWNW BI$RAL BLILWT 
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BI$RAL , $MSPRM MGI& HIWM LK000 , 05 , WHXMWR MKL BHT&Q$WT $L M$RD 
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MHP$I&H HPLILIT " HRGILH " $L &RBIM TW$BI I$"& . XLQH $L AWKLWSIIH 
ZW BKLL HP$I&H HWA PI KMH MHRMH HMMWC&T , WLA TMID NITN L&$WT ABXNH BIN 
P$I&H &L RQ& LAWMNI LP$I&H RGILH . M$RD HBI@XWN NW$A BAXRIWT HMRKZIT LAI 
AKIPT HXWQ BKL HTXWMIM $NZKRW L&IL . BRWR HIH KI AI AP$R LMNW& AT HLINH 
HBLTI XWQIT , HMGWRIM HBLTI XWQIIM WH&BWDH HBLTI XWQIT BLI $ITWP P&WLH 
MLA $L M$RD HBI@XWN W$AR M$RDI HMM$LH . LAMITW $L DBR , H&DIP M$RD HBI@XWN 
KI HAWKLWSIIH BI$RAL TI$A BMXIR HHIPG&WT MHP$I&H WBMXIR SIKWN HXIIM , 
&L MNT LHB@IX $Q@ IXSI BIHWDH $WMRWN W&ZH . BMQWM LHCIB BSDR HQDIMWT 
HRA$WN AT H$MIRH &L HXIIM WH$MIRH &L BI@XWN HPNIM , H&DIPW LQNWT $Q@ 
MSWIM BI$"& . HTWCAH HIA , $HC&DIM $HIWM XIIBIM L&$WTM KDI LHXZIR AT 
HBI@XWN LI$RAL XIIBIM KMWBN LHIWT QICWNIIM IWTR . 

* 

PRQLI@WT HMDINH NWQ@T BAXRWNH MDINIWT &QBIT $L AI - H$LMH &M HQLWT B&WN$IHM 
$L &BRIINI MIN . MTWK $B&IM &R&WRIM , $HGI$H HMDINH MINWAR &D AMC& AWQ@WBR , 
HIW T$&H &L PSQI - DIN B&BIRWT MIN . $MWNH MHM HIW &R&WRIM &L QWLT H&WN$ , 
WAXD &L ZIKWI HNA$M . $NIIM MH&R&WRIM HLLW HTQBLW , WHDIWNIM BAXRIM 
&DIIN LA HSTIIMW . BAXRWNH HTQBL &R&WR HMDINH LBIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN &L QWLT 
&WN$W ADM $HWR$& , &L PI HWDATW , BGILWI &RIWT . HAI$ , XBR MW$B BN 
35 , NICWL $WAH , N$A LAI$H GRW$H , AM LBN WBT MNI$WAIM QWDMIM . KPI 
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LBSWP HTLWNNH HBT &L M&$IM ALH . BKTB HAI$WM $HWG$ NGD HAB LBIT - HM$P@ 
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" HRCWN $L $IRWT HMBXN WGM $L BIT - HM$P@ LSII& BQIDWM HTHLIK HAMWR 
BRWR WMWBN . AWLM XLILH LNW , MTWK RCWN ZH , L$KWX AP LRG& AT QWRBN 
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BIWTR BMQRH DNN $ILMH WM$LMT HBT HAWMLLH , $LA RATH BRIRH MLPNIH MA$R 
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LHBIA AT QWRBN H&BIRH LKLL TSKWL , WMBXINH NWRM@IWWIT KLLIT &$WI LHRTI& 
AXRWT KMWTH MLHTLWNN WLX$WP AT MCBN H&GWM " . H$WP@ CIIN , KI AMNM HNSIBWT 
HMIWXDWT $L HNA$M MCDIQWT HTX$BWT MSWIMT , ABL " HAIZWN $BIN XWMRT HM&$IM 
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AT &WN$ HMASR BPW&L &L $NTIIM , MTWK NIKWI HTQWPH $BH N$A HNA$M B&BWDT 
H$IRWT . $AR XLQI H&WN$ HW$ARW B&INM . 

* 

( & ) . XBR MW&CT &IRIIT IRW$LIIM &TR ATMWL LBG"C B$M " AWKLWSIIT 
B&LI HZQNIM BMDINT I$RAL " , BBQ$H LHWRWT L$R HBI@XWN WLRM@K"L LXLQ MSKWT 
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ALA GM AT QICWRW " . KA$R NWD& LW , LDBRIW , $MSKWT HAB"K $XWLQW LCIBWR 
AINN MTAIMWT LB&LI ZQNIM , HWA PNH LGWRMIM HMTAIMIM LTT M&NH LCWRKI AWKLWSIIH 
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L&TIRH MCWRPT XWWT D&T HLKTIT $L HRB NXWM RW@$@IIN , RA$ KWLL " BIT 
MDR$ LTLMWD WHWRAH " BIRW$LIM . XWWT D&TW MPR@T &L PNI ARB&H &MWDIM 
AT HAISWRIM &L GILWX ZQN WAT HCWRK LHTAIM MSIKWT GZ " LMHDRI PNIHM BZQN " . 


* 

PWRSMH BMWSP $L &ITWN IWMI KTBH $&SQH B&WRK - DIN PLILI WLWWTH BTMWNWT 
$CWLMW BM$RDW . BIN HITR CW@@ MPIW BKTBH KI " &D HM$P@ $L . . . , 
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ZW &$IIT PRSWMT ASWRH , BNIGWD LS&IP 55 LXWQ L$KT &WRKI HDIN T$K"A1691 , 
WHXLI@H LHGI$ QWBLNH LBIT HDIN HM$M&TI HMXWZI ( BD"M 9849 ) . &LWN 
HWW&DH , " &@ WATIQH " , MWSR KI BIT HDIN BXN $TI $ALWT . HAM I$ BKTBH 
" H$TBXWT &CMIT " , $HIA BGDR PRSWMT ASWRH , WHAM IKWL &W"D LH&BIR AT 
N@L BDIQT K$RWT HKTBH AL MPRSM HKTBH . LGBI H$ALH HRA$WNH , QB& BIT 
HDIN KI I$ BH LPXWT Q@& AXD $HWA H$TBXWT &CMIT HASWRH LPI XWQ HL$KH , 
WHWA HQ@& $CW@@ L&IL . " AIN SPQ $HNA$M AKN AMR DBRIM ALH , MAXR $HRAIWN 
HWQL@ ; LDBRIW HWA HSBIR LKTBT KI . . . HWA M&WNIIN $HCLXTW TPWRSM " . 
A$R L$ALH H$NIIH , DXH BIT HDIN AT @I&WN HHGNH HMRKZI $L HNA$M , KI 
&L H&ITWN LHWCIA MHKTBH MH $AINW MWTR WLPRSM RQ AT HMWTR . BIT HDIN QB& : 
" &WRK - DIN AINW IKWL LH&BIR XWBWTIW L&ITWN , ALA &LIW LHIMN& MRA$ 
MMSIRT MID& HMHWWH H$TBXWT &CMIT " . BGZR HDIN NAMR : " BAXRWNH I$ 
H$TWLLWT RBH B$@X HPRSWMT . HGIDWL HRB BMSPR H&ITWNIM , B&IQR MQWMWNIM , 
HRICH $L &ITWNAIM AXR KTBWT M&NIINWT WHRICH HNGDIT $L PRQLI@IM AXRI &ITWNAIM , 
HBIAW AT HMCB LKLL M$L W$NINH , BW$H WKLIMH " . BIT HDIN SBWR KI HGI& 
HZMN $BTI HDIN $L HL$KH IXMIRW B&WN$IM &L &BIRWT KALH &D KDI $LILT R$IWN 
LTQWPH M$M&WTIT . " AM HXL@NW $LA L&$WT KN . . . HRI ZH RQ BGLL 
HTR$MWTNW HXIWBIT MHNA$M WM&DWTW HKNH . . . &M ZAT . . . HXL@NW 
. . . LH@IL &LIW &WN$ $L NZIPH " . KMW KN XWIB HNA$M BHWCAWT HQWBL , 
WBIT HDIN HWRH &L PRSWM PSQ HDIN , BCIRWP $MW . HNA$M &IR&R LBIT 
HDIN HM$M&TI HARCI . 

* 

XIILIM SWBII@IM HMWCBIM BMZRX GRMNIH L$&BR , &RQW B$BW& HAXRWN DIWWX 
B$BT H$BW&WN " DR $PIGL " . H&ITWN DIWWX GM , KI QCINIM WXIILIM SWBII@IM 
MWKRIM AT KLI N$QM LGRMNIM WLSWXRI N$Q BIN - LAWMIIM , LQRAT PINWIIM . 
&L PI H$BW&WN , 35 SWBII@IM $&RQW , BIQ$W MQL@ BGRMNIH B$BW& HAXRWN 
W051 &RIQIM NWSPIM BRXW LMQWMWT MSTWR , WHM R$WMIM KN&DRIM MIXIDWTIHM . 
RWBI QL$NIQWB NMKRW B$WQ H$XWR &L IDI HXIILIM HSWBII@IM BMXIR $L 002 MARQ 
( 031 DWLR ) , AQDXIM BMXIR $L 001 MARQ ( 56 DWLR ) WRIMWNI ID WMWQ$IM 
BMXIR 52 MARQ ( 61 DWLR ) HIXIDH . HXIILIM HP$W@IM BCBA HSWBII@I BGRMNIH 
MRWWIXIM K52 MARQ BXWD$ , B&WD $HQCINIM MQBLIM K008 MRQ ( 052 DWLR ) 
, MWSIP H$BW&WN . MWSQWWH HCI&H LHQIM W&DH M$WTPT L@IPWL BNW$A , KLWMR 
LTPIST HN$Q B$WQ H$XWR WLH$BT H&RIQIM LBSISIHM . 

* 

GM AM HAMNWT HWLKT WN&$IT MWRKBT IWTR , XKMH IWTR , WHAMNIM N&$IM MTWXKMIM 
WRBI ID& IWTR , MWTR LNW LHBI@ BXIBH BIWCRIM HMRGI$IM $BLI CIWR , XIIHM 
AINM XIIM . HM XIIM LM&N ICIRTM BLBD , WMRGI$IM XWBH LHCIG LMRWT $LA 
LMDW M&WLM ; BM&RK HAMNWT HIWM AIN LHM PINH M$LHM WBHGDRT HISWD , MIHW 
XWBB WMIHW MQCW&N , AIN HM MT&NIINIM . T&RWKT IWSP PR@ BBIT ID LBNIM 
BTL ABIB HIA DWGMH LALH . ZHW CIWR NAIWWI HM$QP AT AHBTW $L HCIIR LCIWR 
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AXRT , WMSWKNT LMI $XW$BIM KI KL DBR HMWCG BGLRIH HWA AMNWT @WBH . BIT 
ID LBNIM BTL ABIB HWA MQWM RB P&ILWT . AN$IM RBIM &WBRIM BW MDI IWM , 
W&L KN , X$WB $THIH BW GM GLRIH LAMNWT $TCIG ICIRWT @WBWT WIIXWDIWT , 
AWLI DWWQA $L AMNIM C&IRIM $AINM IKWLIM LXDWR LKL GLRIH MSXRIT . XBL 
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HWA MTWAR KMI $MCIIR KAILW AXZ BW DIBWQ WSBIR $BHZMNH KTWB $HWA NKLL BMHDWRH 
HBIN - LAWMIT $L Q@LWG I$AR@ 1891 ( KL MI $RCH NKLL BQ@LWG ZH , TMWRT 
T$LWM ) . AZ MH LA BSDR ? HCIWRIM . HM P$W@ LA MKAN WLA M&K$IW . 


* 

HIH ZH IWM STIW $@WP $M$ BSHR HPWRH , WTW$BI HKPR &MDW GAIM LCD IBWL 
HTBWAH $LHM . ILDIM IXPIM $IXQW BMTNWT $HBIAW 02 HPCIPIS@IM HAMRIQAIM . 
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&L $LWM &M &IRAQIM MH$WRH . HAIKRIM ICAW B$IRIM WRIQWDIM , WHAMRIQAIM 
HXLW LMXWA KP &L - PI HQCB . ABL HMLIM HMTWRGMWT LA HIW BDIWQ MH $RCW 
L$MW& . " SDAM , ATH MNHIGNW WANXNW XIILIK HNKWNIM LKL " $IR CBA 
MIMI MLXMTH HMMW$KT $L &IRAQ BAIRAN . MQMIIQL , MWRH LLIMWDI $LWM BQLIPWRNIH , 
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B$M RANH . " ANXNW MPGINIM MWL $GRIRWT ARCWT HBRIT KL HZMN " . " WMH 
B&NIIN HPGNWT NGD HMM$LH $LKM ? " HT&Q$ HBI$WP . RANH H$PILH AT &INIH . 
HHMWN $MSBIBH N&LM KHRP &IN . BIQWRT KL$HI &L SDAM AW &L HM$@R NX$BT 
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LPISIQH B$M AXMD , KA$R CPH B02 HAMRIQAIM $@IILW BXWP$IWT BRXBI HQMPWS . 
$IRLI LNS HIA MWRH BGIMLAWT WP&ILT $LWM , HMARGNT KL $NH S&WDT SDR PSX 
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LA MBINH , AMRH , " HIKN HAWPWZICIH ? " HIA GM HITH HMWMH LNWKX PWLXN 
HAI$IWT $L SDAM XWSIIN . KA$R HTBWNNH B26 TMWNWT HN$IA HM&@RWT AT M$RD 
HWW&DH LIDIDWT , $LWM WSWLIDRIWT , THTH : " AIK I$ LW ZMN LHIWT N$IA 
AM HWA IW$B KL HZMN BPNI CIIRIM ? BIQWR BBIT HXWLIM LILDIM &L $M SDAM 
HIH MWCLX IWTR . HAWRXIM XILQW BLWNIM LTINWQWT W$M&W AIMHWT WRWPAIM MSPRIM 
&L HTIIB$WT W&L MXLWT AXRWT $GRM HAMBRGW . AK KA$R NISTH HQBWCH LMSWR 
22 TIBWT TRWPWT LARGWN HSHR H&RBI DR$W PQIDIM &IRAQIM $HMTNH TIMSR LIDI 
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HCI&W HMARXIM M$QH IWGWR@ B&WD AXD HAIKRIM MKRIZ $"HAMBRGW HMRW$& " GWRM 
LILDIM LSBWL " BGLL XWSR XLB " . LQRAT SWP HBIQWR BN H$BW& PR$W HPCIPIS@IM 
LDIRT MLWN , L$IXWT ARWKWT &L AS@R@GIH WBIQWRT &CMIT . " ANI X$ MIDH 
$L DW - &RKIWT MBXINH MWSRIT " , AMR DIIWWID MQRIINWLDS , MW&MD HMPLGH 
HSWCIALIS@IT LN$IAWT B0891 . AT HCBT HKWXWT HAMRIQAIIM HWA RWAH KAQ@ 
CINI LHB@XT NP@ WBSISIM CBAIIM . ABL K$H$WWH AT BIQWRW BBGDD LMS&WT $LWM 
QWDMIM BHANWI , BMWSQWWH , B@RIPWLI WBMZRX BRLIN , AMR : " ZH HMQWM 
HQPWA BIWTR BW HIITI MIMI " . AXRIM XZRW BTXW$WT MRWKKWT IWTR . AWWLIN 
M@RN , HNZIRH MCPWN QRWLIINH HAWMRT $HIA " TIAWLWGIT PMINIS@IT " , HTR$MH 
MMQD$ N$IM &TIQ BBBL WMKK $N$IM &IRAQIWT R$AIWT LLBW$ BGDIM M&RBIIM WL&BWD 
MXWC LBIT . HKWMR LWAIS AMR KI NTQL BXWM AMITI ACL &IRAQIM . " KN , 
I$ KAN DIKWI , ABL I$ GM DIKWI MBIT " , AMR . " AIK IKWLH AWMH $H@ILH 
PCCT A@WM LH@IP MWSR L&IRAQIM &L GZ MR&IL ? " &M &WD $NIIM MXBRI HQBWCH 
HXLI@ LWAIS KI HWA MWKN " LHIKBL LATR AS@R@GI KL$HW " BMQWM BNI H&RWBH . 
" HKL KDI L$IM QC LMC&D HAMRIQAI HM@WRP BC&DI BRWWZ LQRAT MLXMH " , 
AMR HKWMR , $KTB CWWAH LPNI BWAW . H&IRAQIM LA GILW HI&NWT , ABL HM 
LA $ILXW AT AWRXIHM BIDIIM RIQWT . ARB&H BNI &RWBH AMRIQAIM ICAW AT &IRAQ 
&M $NI XBRI HQBWCH HAXRWNIM $N$ARW $M . " ZH NHDR , ABL HM@RH H&IQRIT 
$LNW HIA &DIIN LMNW& MLXMH " , AMR HWS@@R . K$N$AL &L TWKNIWT L&TID , 
HWSIP , " XG MWLD BBGDD " . 

* 

X"K $BX WWIIS ( M&RK ) WMRDKI WIR$WBSQI ( RC ) HNIXW &L $WLXN HKNST 
HC&H LTIQWN XWQ ISWD : HMM$LH , $NW&DH LHGBIL AT AWRK HTQWPH H&WMDT 
LR$WT HMW&MD LHRKBT MM$LH XD$H . WWIIS WWIR$WBSQI MCI&IM KI BMQRIM $BHM 
N$IA HMDINH M@IL AT MLAKT HRKBT HMM$LH HXD$H &L X"K , LAXR $HMM$LH HQWDMT 
AIBDH AT AMWN HKNST , IW&MDW LR$WT HMW&MD LHRKBT MM$LH 01 IMIM BLBD ( 
BMQWM 12 IMIM KIWM ) WKI AM LA HCLIX HMW&MD BMLAKTW , IHIH HN$IA R$AI 
LHARIK TQWPH ZW BTQWPWT NWSPWT WBLBD $LA I&LW BIXD &L 7 IMIM ( BMQWM 
12 IWM KIWM ) . KN MWC& $BMIDH WHMW&MD LHRKBT HMM$LH LA ICLIX BMLAKTW , 
LA IHIH HN$IA R$AI LH@IL &L XKI"M AXRIM AT TPQID HRKBT HMM$LH LLA HGBLT 
ZMN , ALA HTQWPH $BH IWKL HN$IA LXZWR WLH@IL &L XKI"M LHQIM MM$LH , 
LA T&LH KWLH &L 15 IMIM . &P"I HC&T HXWQ , AXRI $HN$IA IWDI& LIW"R HKNST 
$AINW RWAH AP$RWT LHGI& LHRKBT MM$LH , TXLI@ HKNST TWK $B&H IMIM &L HTPZRWTH , 
ALA AM QB&H BHXL@H $L RWB HXKI"M KI I$ BIKWLTW $L AXD HXKI"M LHRKIB MM$LH 
LALTR . HXKI"M WWIIS WWIR$WBSQI CIINW KI HTIQWN HMWC& NW&D LQCR AT M$K 
HZMN HNITN LMW&MD LHRKBT HMM$LH , KDI LMNW& TWP&WT MKW&RWT $L SX@NWT 
BMHLK HMW"M LHQMT HMM$LH . LDBRIHM BMQRH $L NPILT MM$LH BP&M H$NIIH BMHLK 
KHWNT KNST AXT , TPWZR HKNST WI&RKW BXIRWT XD$WT WBKK IIMN& MCB $L QIPAWN 
MDINI WAI - TPQWD H$L@WN . 

* 

L"M$WRRIM LA IKTBW $IRIM " $L RWLI RWZN WAILNH HMRMN I$ MIRB HPW@NCIAL 
LZKWT BHDIM , WAKN , HSPR ZKH LHTIIXSWT BIQWRTIT W&ITWNAIT NRXBT B$BW&WT 
$LAXR ICIATW . &L GL HHHCLXH HZH NISTH HWCAT " &M &WBD " LRKWB KA$R 
$LXH LKL M&RKWT H&ITWNIM PQSIM AWDWT &RB " SPRWT WPWLI@IQH KAN W&K$IW " 
BIWM XMI$I BXNWT HSPRIM " TWL&T SPRIM " BTL - ABIB . HPQSIM LWW B$IXWT 
@LPWN $HB@IXW " AQ$N " , WH&ITWNAIM , NAMNIM LII&WDM HMQCW&I , HGI&W 
LMQWM B$&H HI&WDH . AT H&RB PTXH AILNH HMRMN BKMH H&RWTT$WBWT LBIQWRT 
&L HSPR . B&IQR HTIIXSH LALH $PSLW AT HQWNCPCIH $L HSPR B@&NH $"MMTI 
IKWLH SPRWT L$NWT MCIAWT " . HMRMN AMRH KI HSPRWT IKWLH LH$PI& , LA PXWT 
MHPGNH AW MP&ILWT PWLI@IT KL$HI . BMWBN ZH , GM HRB - $IX $LW HMTINW 
HNWKXIM NW&D LH$PI& , WH&DR HMXICWT BIN HMCIAWT LSPRWT TPI$H $HNXTH 
GM AT HSPR WGM AT HMRMN HIH AMWR LBWA BKK LIDI BI@WI . BTWM DBRIH HQCRIM 
QRAH HMRMN LNWKXIM L$AWL $ALWT WLHBI& AT D&WTIHM . ABL HNWKXIM , &ITWNAIM 
RBIM , AN$I RC WKMH XWBBI SPRWT , HXRI$W . AWLI KM&NH L@&NH AXRT $L 
HMBQRIM : $HSPR IIQRA MMILA &L IDI AN$I H$MAL , WLALH MMILA AIN CWRK 
B&DWIWT MHAINTIPADH &L MNT LH$TKN& B&WWLWT HKIBW$ . $ALH AXT , $N$ALH 
LBSWP , HITH IWTR BGDR MS L$M H&RB , WLA HIH BH KDI LPTWX DIWN $L MM$ . 
$WTQIM WM$WKN&IM &MDW HNWKXIM WKWSWT MIC TPWZIM BIDIHM . AXR KK XBRW 
$WB LXBWRWT Q@NWT , WHTPZRW . MI $HIH CRIK L&WRR AT HWWIKWX , AT HAQ$N 
$KWLM XIKW LW , LA BA . M$WRRIM LA IKTBW $IRIM , WHLA M$WKN&IM GM KNRAH 
LA IQRAW AWTM . 

* 

B&RIM RBWT BARC , BINIHN BAR $B& , AZWR HQRIWT WNCRT &LIT , AIN IWTR 
DIRWT LH$KRH WMAGR HDIRWT LH$KRH BRXBI HARC , HWLK WNGMR . KK MSR $R 
HQLI@H ICXQ PRC , BI$IBT HMM$LH ATMWL . LAWR MCB ZH , N&RK &TH M$RD 
HQLI@H LQLI@TM $L &WLIM BBTI MLWN , BMTQNI CH"L WBQIBWCIM . LR$WT HM$RD 
&WMDIM &TH 42 BTI MLWN BNTNIH , IRW$LIM , @BRIH QRIT $MWNH WBT IM . 
BMLWNWT ALH I$ 004 , 2 XDRIM HMIW&DIM L&WLIM . B$LB ZH NMCA M$RD HQLI@H 
B&ICWMW $L M$A WMTN &M &WD KMH &$RWT BTI MLWN BNHRIH , TL ABIB , &KW , 
A$QLWN , &RD , A$DWD WBAR $B& L$KIRT 000 , 3 XDRIM NWSPIM L&WLIM . 
QPIDBINLDBRI PRC , HQIBWCIM HWDI&W KBR &L H&MDTN $L 000 , 1 IXIDWT DIWR 
L&WLIM . $R HQLI@H HSTIIG B&BR MLHPNWT &WLIM LQIBWCIM , AK LAWR XWMRT 
HMCB $INH &TH AT &MDTW . B&QBWT DIWN $QIIM BNW$A ZH &M $R H$IKWN ARIAL 
$RWN , HWXL@ &L $ITWP MLA $L HQIBWCIM BQLI@H , WMICWI KL PW@NCIAL HDIWR 
H&WMD LR$WT HTNW&H HQIBWCIT . BPTX HSQIRH B&NIINI QLI@H BI$IBT HMM$LH , 
MSR PRC KI MAZ TXILT H$NH HGI&W LI$RAL 006 , 241 &WLIM , MHM 000 , 031 
MBRIH"M . PRC HDGI$ , KI ALH HM MSPRI H&WLIM HMDWIQIM " BNIGWD LGWRMIM 
$WNIM , HMPRSMIM MSPRIM $WNIM &L MSPR H&WLIM " . BKK KIWWN H$R LNTWNIM 
$MWSRT HSWKNWT &L MIMDI H&LIIH HGBWHIM DRK QB& MN HMSPRIM HNMSRIM &L 
IDI M$RD HQLI@H . &WD DIWWX H$R KI 04 ALP &WLIM , LWMDIM &TH B009 , 1 
KITWT HAWLPN $PTX M$RD HQLI@H MAZ TXILT H$NH . QPIDBINHBWQR ICA H$R PRC 
LBIQWR RA$WN BBRIH"M . HBIQWR IARK 01 IMIM , WHWA MTQIIM &L PI HZMNT 
HQHILWT HIHWDIWT BRXBI BRIH"M . BMHLK MS&W IIPG$ PRC &M AI$I MM$L SWBII@IM , 
BINIHM $R HDTWT HSWBII@I WRA$ &IRIIT MWSQWWH . RA$ NCIGWT I$RAL BMWSQWWH , 
ARIH LWIN , &W$H &DIIN MAMCIM LTAM PGI$H GM &M $R HTRBWT HSWBII@I . 
BKWWNTW $L PRC LH&LWT B$IXWT ALH GM AT NW$A HAN@I$MIWT BBRIH"M , WITKN 
KI I&LH $WB AT HTBI&H LHTXIL B@ISWT I$IRWT . PRC IIPG$ GM &M KL RA$I 
M$RD HHGIRH HSWBII@I , WI&MWD MQRWB &L DRK QBLT A$RWT HHGIRH $L IHWDI 
BRIH"M . 

* 

HMD&N , $MTGRH B@B& WBALWHIM WN&N$ &L KK , HWA AXT HDMWIWT H$KIXWT BIWTR 
BSPRWT WBQWLNW& HAIMIM . AL SDRT DMWIWT ZW , $HNWD&T $BHN HIA ZW $L 
HD"R PRNQN$@IIN , MC@RPT BSR@ ZH DMWTW $L D"R WS@LIIQ , $MNSH B&ZRT 
H@KNWLWGIH HMTQDMT $L HMX$B LBRWA ADM BCLMW . HIWT $HWA M$TM$ BMSK HMX$B , 
HMZKIR LNW AT MSK HQWLNW& , HWA MMLA BSR@ AT HPWNQCIH HKPWLH $L MD&N 
WBMAI , $BWRA DMWIWT QIIMWT WMWMCAWT MXD$ . HQ$R QWLNW&I ZH HWA $M&NIQ 
LSR@ AIMIM ZH AT NPXW , WQWB& AT M&RKT DIMWIIW BMI$WRIM $WNIM . HHBDL 
H&IQRI BIN SR@ ZH LBIN RBIM MQWDMIW HWA B&WBDH $HP&M HMD&N AINW BWRA MPLCT , 
ALA HWPK B&CMW LMPLCT . KRGIL BSR@IM MSWG ZH , Q$WRH HAIMH $BSR@ GM 
LQ$R $BIN HMD&N WHA$H $BXIIW : BMQRH $LNW , PRQLI@H B$M GWLI , $BIDH 
MSMK $&LWL LHPLIL AI$ &SQIM AMID WMCLIX . KDI LH$IG AT HMSMK XWDRT XBWRT 
R$&IM LM&BDTW $L WS@LIIQ , MXSLT AT &WZRW , M&NH AWTW WMB&IRH WMPWCCT 
AT HMQWM . HA$MH HIA AM KN BH , WAWLI GM B&WBDH $BBWQRW $L AWTW IWM HCI& 
LH WS@LIIQ NI$WAIN , WHIA HISSH . HIA &DIIN MHSST KA$R BAWTW &RB HIA 
MGI&H LAZWR $BW NMCAT M&BDTW $L AHWBH , WZW MTPWCCT MWL &INIH . KPI $B"RWX 
RPAIM " HAIMH NWB&T MHISWSW $L P@RIQ SWWIIZI LHI&NWT LHC&T HNI$WAIN $L 
DBI MWR , KK KAN HIA NWB&T MHISWSH $L HA$H . B$NI HMQRIM , WLMRWT H$WNI 
BIN $NI HSR@IM , $NI HZWGWT IHIW XIIBIM , BMHLK H&LILH , LNSX AT HIXSIM 
BINIHM MXD$ . HX$$ MNI$WAIN MWCG B$NI HSR@IM KAIWM , $TWCAWTIW Q@LNIWT , 
WB$NI HMQRIM IHPWK HGBR , KTWCAH MKK , LMT - HXI . IITKN WZH MSMN 
RIAQCIWNRIWT MSWIMT BXBRH HAMRIQAIT HIWM , AK HDBR GM MCBI& &L THLIK 
HLMIDH $GBR WA$H XIIBIM L&BWR ( ZHW NW$A AMRIQAI QLASI ) KDI LHIN$A 
BAMT . B$NI HSR@IM , LMRWT AWPIIM WRWXM H$WNIM , HLMIDH MBIAH LPRIDH . 
AWLM B&WD $B"RWX RPAIM " HIA MLWWH BAMWNH , KAN HIA QWDRT LMDI . H$WNI 
NWB& GM MH&WBDH $HSR@ MTAR AT SIPWR HAHBH HNMCA BMRKZW BCWRH LA - ZWHRT 
WMHBXIRH B$NI $XQNIM , LIAM NISWN WPRNSS MQDWRMND , $TDMITM AINH RWMN@IT 
AW RG$NIT BMIWXD . WS@LIIQ HHWPK LMT HXI M$TM$ B@KNWLWGIH $HWA &CMW $IKLL 
KDI LBRWA L&CMW ZHWIWT XD$WT WB&ZRTN LNQWM BALH $PG&W BW , KWLL , BAWPN 
KM&@ TT - MWD& , HA$H $HWA AWHB . ZHWIWT ALH MSPQWT LW AT HMSKH , $HIA 
HKRX BSIPWRI AIMH $KALH . SBIB LSI@WACIH ZW BWNH HSR@ &LILH P$W@H WCPWIH . 
ZHWT HAI$ HR& BSR@ N$MRT BSWD &D LSWPW , AK HIA BQW$I BAH KHPT&H LMI 
$MTMCA BSWG SR@IM ZH . AT $LIXW MGLM LARI DRIIQ , HMWKR LNW B&IQR KBNI 
HMPGR BSDRH H@LWWIZIWNIT " PRQLI@I AL - AII " . LPNI $HWA HPK LKWKB BSDRH 
ZW , GILM DRIIQ DMWIWT $L NBLIM , WKAN HWA XWZR L@RI@WRIH MWKRT . SM 
RIIMI $BIIM NX$B LAXD HIWCRIM HBWL@IM HIWM BTXWM SR@I HAIMIM , WHWA MCLIX 
LKLWL BSR@ KMH DIMWIIM LILIIM MR$IMIM . I$ BSR@ MIDH $L AIRWNIH $MSII&T 
LW LH$TXRR MH$BLWNIWT HMSWIMT $LW . AIRWNIH ZW BWL@T BMIWXD BAWPN $BW 
MTIIXS HSR@ LDMWTH $L GWLI AXWZT RG$WT A$MH . AWLM RMT HTXKWM $L HSR@ 
MWGBLT , WHWA NWTR LPIKK BGDR BIDWR SBIR W@&WN LMDI , AK LA IWTR MZH . 


* 

PQIN ( &"R ) . HMNHIG HSINI HBKIR , DNG QSIAW - PING , LA AW$PZ BBIT 
XWLIM . KK HWDI& BNW ATMWL , WHWSIP KI HIDI&WT $NPWCW B&NIN ZH AINN 
ALA " TKSIS $L SPSRIM BBWRSH " . KWWNT HBN HIA KKL HNRAH LBWRSH $L HWNG 
QWNG , HPW&LT BDRK KLL BRMT NIWD GBWHH WMC@IINT BIRIDWT W&LIWT MHIRWT 
&L SMK $MW&WT . " HIW MSPR $MW&WT KALH B$NIM HAXRWNWT AWLM AP P&M LA 
GILITI &NIIN BHM " , AMR HBN , DNG PWPANG . " ITKN WKMH AN$IM MAMINIM 
$$MW&WT ALH &$WIWT LHBIA L$INWIIM BMXIRI HMNIWT BBWRSWT . ANI MMLIC $LA 
L$IM LB L$MW&WT HALH . ATM TIPLW BPX " . &WBDT HI&DRW $L HMNHIG HSINI 
BN H68 MHWP&H BCIBWR MZH KMH XWD$IM &WRRH H$&RWT BQ$R LBRIAWTW . MQWR 
SINI MHIMN AMR B$BW& $&BR KI DNG AW$PZ BBIT XWLIM KTWCAH MHC@NNWT Q$H . 
DIWWX ZH QIBL AI$WR MKMH DIPLWM@IM MMDINWT HM&RB . AWLM BNW , $NKX BSMINR 
&WLMI L@IPWL BNKIM , HKXI$ AT H$MW&WT HALH BMSIBT &ITWNAIM . LA NMSRW 
PR@IM &L BRIAWT HMNHIG HQ$I$ W&L MQWM HIMCAWTW . 

* 

AXD M$NI H@QSIM HMRKZIIM HMTQIIMIM HIWM B@WQIW , BMSGRT HKTRTW HR$MIT 
$L IWR$ H&CR AQIHI@W , BNW $L HQISR HIRWHI@W , HWA HDAI - GWSAI . B " @QS 
HGDWL $L H&NQT HMZWN " ( BTRGWM XWP$I ) M&LH HQISR HXD$ MNXT AWRZ MN 
HIBWL HAXRWN LABWTIW HQDMWNIM WLALIM , HMB@IXIM $LWM WIBWL DGN LHBA , 
WMTPLL L$LWM H&M WHMDINH HIPANIIM . H@QS HDTI M&WRR BIPAN MXLWQT CIBWRIT , 
$SXPH BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM PRWPSWRIM , PWLI@IQAIM , AN$I DT WAN$IM MN H$WRH . 
BP&M HRA$WNH &WRKT IPAN $LAXR MLXMT H&WLM H$NIIH @QS HKTRH TXT HXWQH HXD$H , 
$AXD MISWDWTIH HX$WBIM HWA HHPRDH HBRWRH BIN DT WMDINH . S&IP AXD BXWQH 
HIPANIT QWB& KI " HQISR IHIH SMLM $L HMDINH W$L AIXWD H&M , WI$AB AT 
KWXW WM&MDW MRCWNW $L H&M , LW $MWR HKWX HRIBWNI " . HMTNGDIM LMTKWNT 
H@QSIM GWRSIM KI HM M$TLBIM BMS& NRXB $MNHLT HMM$LH HIPANIT LXIDWD HMD&T 
WHZHWT HLAWMIT BQRB HAWKLWSIIH . H&MQT HTWD&H N&$IT BRA$ WBRA$WNH BAMC&WT 
HADRTM $L SMLIM LAWMIIM $WNIM , WHQISR BRA$M . AWLM , M&MDW $L HQISR 
AINNW HNW$A HIXID HM&WRR BIQWRT $L MI $MTRI&IM &L " HMGMH HLAWMNIT " . 
HWRAH $ICAH BXWD$ APRIL MM$RD HXINWK MXIIBT AT KL BTI - HSPR HCIBWRIIM 
LHNIP AT DGL H"HINWGRW " WL$IR AT HHMNWN HBLTI - MWKRZ ( HQIMIGAIN ) 
B@QSIM MRKZIIM BXIIHM $L HTLMIDIM , DWGMT @QS HKNISH LBIT - HSPR W@QS 
SIWM HLIMWDIM . PQIDIM BKIRIM BM$RD HXINWK HSBIRW KI HNPT DGL HLAWM W$IRT 
HHMNWN " I&MIQW AT HMWD&WT ACL HTLMIDIM LZHWT LAWMIT BKLL , WLA IPANIT 
BLBD " , AK GWRMIM BKIRIM BAIGWD HMWRIM HARCI AMRW KI " AIN LHTKX$ L&WBDH 
$MDWBR B$IR HLL L$L@WN HQISR , WKI BTWR $KZH HWA MNWGD L&IQRWN HMQWD$ 
BXWQH , $&L - PIW HKWX HRIBWNI MWPQD BIDI H&M , BAMC&WT HPRLMN@ " . AWTM 
MBQRIM GM HBI&W TR&WMT &L HTNCLWTW $L HQISR AQIHI@W BPNI RA$ MM$LT QWRIAH , 
RW , BXWD$ MAI , &L HSBL $HSB HKIBW$ HIPANI L&M HQWRIANI . AIN KL 
R& BHTNCLWT LK$&CMH , AMRW , AK AIN LHTIR DRIST RGL QISRIT BNW$AIM HMCWIIM 
BRWMW $L SDR HIWM HPWLI@I . I$ MI $M$IIKIM LM&RKH HKWLLT &L MIMW$ &QRWNWT 
HXWQH HXD$H GM AT HMXLWQT HN@W$H BIPAN SBIB $IGWRM $L KWXWT CBA HHGNH 
HLAWMI LMPRC HPRSI . $WB , @W&NIM PRWPSWRIM WAIN@LQ@WALIM MN HMXNH HDMWQR@I , 
I$ KAN NISIWN LMTN , L&QWP WL$NWT AT H&QRWNWT HBSISIIM $L HXWQH HDMWQR@IT ; 
BRG& $TWKL HMPLGH HLIBRL - DMWQR@IT H$L@T LHK$IR , BAMC&WT XQIQH KZAT 
AW AXRT , S@IIH MN H&IQRWN $L S&IP 9 LXWQH , $&L - PIW MIW&D HCBA HIPANI 
LHGNH , BTXWMI IPAN BLBD , TISLL HDRK L$INWIIM WLPR$NWIWT AXRIM , A$R 
IQLW &L " HMKRSMIM B&QRWNWT HDMWQR@IIM " . IPAN H$LWWH IXSIT NDHMH BRA$IT 
HXWD$ MGILWII ALIMWT XRIGIM , KKL HNRAH MCDM $L ARGWNI $MAL QICWNIIM 
HMTNGDIM L@QS HHKTRH : BTWK PXWT M21 $&WT HTPWCCW $LW$ PCCWT BM&WNWT 
$W@RIM BMRKZ @WQIW , HRGW $W@R WPC&W ARB&H AXRIM . HTR&WMT &L HKLLTW 
$L @QS HDAI - GWSAI BAIRW&I HHKTRH NWB&T LA BM&@ MKK $RZI H@QS $MWRIM 
&M HM$PXH HQISRIT . MTN CBIWN DTI L@QS , AW LM&MDW $L HQISR BKLL , 
NQ$R ACL RBIM LM&MDW " HALWHI " $L HQISR B&BR , &D LTBWSTH $L IPAN 
BMLXMT H&WLM H$NIIH WLKPIIT HXWQH HXD$H BIDI CBA HKIBW$ HAMRIQAI . M&MD 
ZH MSBIR BMIDH RBH AT H$P&TM H&CWMH $L HQISRIM &L H&M HIPANI . &D 
HIWM LA NPTX BIPAN WIKWX CIBWRI &L TPQIDW $L HQISR HIRWHI@W BKNISTH $L 
IPAN LMLXMT H&WLM H$NIIH . " @ABW HKRIZN@MWT " HMPWRSM , $NWLD B$NWT 
H06 TXT LXCM HALIM $L QICWNIM LAWMNIIM , H$TIQ BMIDH MKR&T KL HTB@AWT 
CIBWRIT BNW$A . BXWD$ INWAR HIH NISIWN HTNQ$WT BXIIW $L RA$ &IRIIT NGSAQI , 
$HSTIIM BPCI&TW HANW$H . HSIBH LHTNQ$WT HITH HTB@AWTW HPWMBIT , $&L - 
PIH NW$A HQISR HIRWHI@W BAXRIWT MSWIMT LXLQH $L IPAN BMLXMT H&WLM H$NIIH . 
BH&DR KL HWRAH B"XWQ BIT HQISRWT " BA$R LTWKNM $L @QSI HHKTRH , H&DIPH 
HMM$LH LAMC AT MTKWNTM $L @QSIM DWMIM , $N&RKW LPNI MLXMT H&WLM H$NIIH . 
HDAI - GWSAI LA RQ NKLL BMSGRT HAIRW&IM , ALA AP MMWMN I$IRWT MQWPT 
HMM$LH WLA MN HTQCIB HQISRI . M$P@NIM SBWRIM KI GM BKK MPIRH HMM$LH AT 
&IQRWN HPRDT HDT MN HMDINH . I$ , KMWBN , GM MI $MTB@AIM BZKWT HDPWSIM 
HMSWRTIIM H&TIQIM . N$IA HTAXDWT MQD$I H$IN@W BIPAN AMR BAXRWNH KI " H$IN@W 
MHWWH XLQ MN HTRBWT HIPANIT WAIN LRAWT BW MRKIB DTI HNPRD MN HMHWT HLAWMIT 
HIPANIT . LXWQH AIN $WR$IM BHIS@WRIH WBMSWRT HIPANIIM , W&L KN AIN LKPWTH 
&L HMSWRWT HMQWBLWT BMWSD HQISRWT " . LD&H ZAT $WTPIM RBIM BQRB $DRWT H&M 
HIPANI , $HAHDH WHH&RCH HMSWRTIIM LMWSD HQISRWT GWBRWT BHN &L PNI DAGWT 
QWNS@I@WCIWNIWT . MWSD HQISRWT &DIIN PWPWLRI BQRB HAWKLWSIIH , WXLQ 
RXB BCIBWR AINW MWCA HCDQH L"HT&SQWT HBLTI MMLKTIT " BM&MDW $L HQISR 
WB@QS HKTRTW . 

* 

BWQR$@ ( &"R ) . MRTP HIINWT HPR@I $L HRWDN HRWMNI , NIQWLAI CAW$SQW , 
&MD LMKIRH PWMBIT $L$WM BBWQR$@ . 000 , 2 BQBWQI IIN M$WBX HWCAW LMKIRH 
AWTW &RB . K08 QWNIM , RWBM B&LI MSBAWT PR@IWT XD$WT WMS&DWT , $ILMW 
K006 , 1 LII ( 54 DWLR ) LBQBWQ , $N$A AT HTWWIT " IIN LM$PXT CAW$SQW " . 
XLQM HW&NQW LRWDN BMTNH &L IDI MM$LWT ZRWT . KMH BQBWQIM HGI&W LMXIR 
$L 000 , 3 LII ( 58 DWLR ) . MXIRW $L BQBWQ IIN M$WBX BMS&DT IWQRH 
RWMNIT &WLH K004 LII ( 11 DWLR ) . " I$ LNW KAN 221 IINWT , B&IQR 
MTNWT MXBRWT $IKR , AWLM GM KMH BQBWQIM $IR$ CAW$SQW MQWDMW , GAWRGIW 
DZ M$NT 8591 " , AMRH MNHLT HMKIRH HPWMBIT , NIQWLINH PLAMB . " HAWSP 
KWLL GM MTNWT $HWA QIBL M@WRQIH , CRPT , ANGLIH WBRIH"M " . BQBWQI HIIN , 
XTWMIM BSR@ BCB&I HDGL HRWMNI , NMCAW BARMWNW $L CAW$SQW BBWQR$@ LAXR 
HDXTW WHWCATW LHWRG BHTQWMMWT BDCMBR $&BR . 

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" RNDWM HAWS " HGI&H LKWTRWT H&MWD HRA$WN $L H"NIW - IWRQ @IIMS " 
BGLL $INWIIM NWSPIM B&MDWT BKIRWT BH . GWNI AWWNS , HMW"L B$LW$ H$NIM 
HAXRWNWT , HWXLPH BHRWLD AWWNS . $NI HAWWNSIM AINM QRWBI M$PXH . H$MW&WT 
@W&NWT $AWWNS HWXLPH BTPQIDH KIWWN $H$QI&H BAXRWNH SKWMIM GDWLIM BPRWIQ@IM 
$LA HWKIXW AT &CMM : HIA $ILMH MQDMH $L $NI MILIWN DWLR LDWNLD @RAMP 
TMWRTSPRW H$NI , WHSPR LA ICLIX LHKNIS SKWMIM HMTQRBIM LMQDMH . MQWRBIH 
$L AWWNS WAN$I HCMRT BRNDWM HAWS " @W&NIM , L&WMT ZAT , KI AIN LKK 
Q$R L$INWIIM . AWWNS , MKL MQWM , TI$AR B"RNDWM HAWS " , WIHIH LH " AIMPRIN@ " 
M$LH , $$MW @RM NQB& . AWWNS HGI&H LTPQID HCMRT B"RNDWM HAWS " KM&@ 
BMQRH . HIA HITH &WRKT B"SIIMWN W$WS@R " , AXRI $HIH LH AIMPRIN@ M$LH 
B$M " LINDN BWQS " . HIA NI$AH LN$IA SIIMWN W$WS@R , RICRD SNIIDR , 
HTGR$H MMNW BR&$ GDWL W&BRH L"RNDWM HAWS " . $M MWNTH BMPTI& LTPQID HMW"L 
&L - IDI RWBR@ BRNS@IIN , $HWXLP ZMN QCR LAXR MKN BALBR@W WI@LH . WI@LH 
NWD& BKWWNTW LII&L AT HXBRH WLCMCM AT HWCAWTIH , W&L RQ& ZH XLW $INWIIM 
GM BRA$WT HWCAT " PNTIAWN " , K$H&WRK , ANDRH $IPRIN , HTP@R BMXAH 
&L KK $MCRIM AT C&DIW M$IQWLI RWWXIWT GRIDA . AT MQWMH $L GWNI AWWNS 
BRA$WT " RNDWM HAWS " ITPWS HRWLD AWWNS , $HIH &WRK $L " QWNDH NS@ 
@RWWLR " , KTB - &T L&NIINI TIIRWT $LA XSK AT $B@W MXBRWT HTIIRWT . AWWNS , 
$HWA BRI@I BMWCAW , HGI& LARH"B B2891 , AXRI $HTP@R M&RIKT H"@IIMS " 
$L LWNDWN B&QBWT SKSWKIM BINW LBIN AIL H&ITWNWT RWPR@ MRDWQ , $RK$ AT 
H&ITWN . QWDM LKN HIH AWWNS &WRK H"SNDI @IIMS " BM$K 41 $NIM WNX$B 
L&WRK MBRIQ WRB HI$GIM . R&IITW $L AWWNS , @INH BRAWN , HIA &WRKT KTB 
H&T " WNI@I PIIR " . H$NIIM NX$BIM ZWG ZWHR WMCLIX , KWLL TINWQWT . 
I$ MMD AIRWNI BKK $AXD HSPRIM HRA$WNIM $IC@RK AWWNS L&RWK HWA HAW@WBIWGRPIH 
$L MRDWQ , $NRK$H &L IDI " RNDWM HAWS " . AWWNS KTB LMRDWQ , &M MINWIW 
HXD$ , " GLGL HMZL GWRM &TH $ANI AHIH HMW"L $LK , K$M $ATH HIIT HMW"L 
$LI . ANI XW$B $LK ZAT THIH XWWIH N&IMH IWTR MKPI $HIA HITH LI " . AWWNS 
AWMR $SIPWRW $L MRDWQ M&NIIN MAWD . " ANI BSK HKL M$XQ TPQID M$NI BM&RKH 
H$LI$IT " , HWA AWMR BSPR . 

* 

LWNDWN ( &"R ) . QCIN CBA BRI@I $NLKD BKWWIIT HKBW$H HTXZH LMHNDS &L 
MNT LHCIL AT &CMW WAT M$PXTW DIWWX ATMWL H&ITWN SANDII AQSPRS . QWLWNL 
BRWS DANQAN , IW&C CBAI BKIR $L HKWWIITIM , HIH IKWL LHIWT B&L &RK RB 
L&IRAQIM , B$L MWMXIWTW BN$Q BRI@I WB@Q@IQWT HMTWRGLWT &TH BS&WDIH . 
HWA AMR L&IRAQIM KI HWA MHNDS AZRXI . A$TW $L DANQAN W$TI BNWTIW &ZBW 
AT KWWIIT BSP@MBR , $&H $HWA W$NI BNIW N$LXW L&IRAQ . BTIWWKW $L ADWARD 
HIT , RA$ MM$LT BRI@NIH L$&BR , HSKIMW H&IRAQIM L$XRR AT $NI HBNIM , 
AWLM BDRK L$DH HT&WPH BBGDAD HM NPG&W BTAWNT DRKIM . HBN HBKWR ALQS 
NHRG , WHBN HC&IR NPC& . DANQAN N$AR &M HBN HPCW& B&IRAQ , &D $LXC MCD 
DIPLWM@IM ZRIM $IKN& AT H&IRAQIM L$XRRM B$BW& $&BR . 

* 

PGI$WTIW HLILIWT $L $M&WN PRS &M MNHIGI AGWDT I$RAL W$"S M&LIM GIXWK RXMNI 
&L $PTI IRIBIW BCMRT HMPLGH . GM AM ICLIX LSKL AT KNIST AGWDT I$RAL 
LQWALICIH WLH$PI& &L $"S LHPIL AT MM$LT HLIKWD , IWD&IM KAN HI@B , $&RIKT 
BXIRWT XD$WT KIWM MMILA LA TW$I& AT H&BWDH . HMPLGH AINH MWKNH LBXIRWT , 
WLA THIH MWKNH LHN ALA LAXR W&IDT HMPLGH , $NW&DH LIWLI B$NH HBAH . 
LQRAT HWW&IDH , MTGBRIM MABQI HKWX BMPLGH &L TPIST &MDWT . HMLXMH 
MTNHLT &L AIW$ HWW&DWT H$WNWT , KMW IW"R MPQD HXBRIM , IW"R W&DT HBXIRWT , 
AW H&WMD BRA$ W&DT HTQNWN , TPQIDIM HMRKZIM KWX PWLI@I RB WH$P&H MPLGTIT 
PNIMIT . KK , LM$L , DXH PRS MKL WKL AP$RWT $X"K BNIMIN BN - ALI&ZR 
( PWAD ) , HIDW& BKW$RW HARGWNI HM&WLH , I&MWD BRA$ MPQD HXBRIM HTNW&TI . 
I$ AWMRIM , KI PRS LA I$KX LPWAD AT TMIKTW BRBIN B&T HMABQ BINIHM BMRKZ 
HMPLGH , WHWA M&DIP LMNWT LTPQID AT $LWM PDIDH , RA$ &IRIIT BIT - 
$M$ , HSR LMRWTW . MAZ HHTMWDDWT BIN PRS LRBIN , AM GM Q@NH H$P&TM $L 
HGWRMIM HKWXNIIM BMPLGH , AIN LTAR AT IXSI HKWXWT HPNIMIIM BLA HXWGIM 
WHXCRWT $L HAI$IM $HKRIZW BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM &L MW&MDWTM LRA$WT HMPLGH . 
BNIGWD LMQWBL BMPLGWT AXRWT BARC WB&WLM , LA NITN LAPIIN AT HKWXWT HMTGWDDIM 
BMPLGT H&BWDH KB&LI AIDIAWLWGIWT $WNWT , AIN XLWQH BRWRH BIN IMIN W$MAL 
WAP LA BIN $MRNIM LXD$NIM . GM HXLWQH BIN AN$I PRS WRBIN AINH TMID &L 
RQ& AIDIAWLWGI . X"K $BX WIIS @W&N , KI ALMLA H&RBWBIH HZW HITH MPLGT 
H&BWDH MTPWCCT KBLWN KBR MZMN . LDBRIW , RQ M$WM $BMXNH ICXQ RBIN , 
HMSWMN KNC , RBIM HM AN$I H$MAL , WAILW BMXNH PRS , HMZWHH &M H$MAL , 
RBIM HNCIM BD&WTIHM , MM$IKH HMPLGH LHTQIIM KM&RKT AXT . RIBWI HXWGIM 
HPW&LIM BMPLGT H&BWDH HXL KBR B$NWT H06 . XLQM HWQMW LP&WLWT WLMABQIM 
AD - HWQ WAXR KK N&LMW , WXLQM MM$IKIM LP&WL RQ M$WM $L&WMDIM BRA$M 
AIN KL BIMH PWLI@IT AXRT . HMMSD HMPLGTI HTNGD MAZ WMTMID LP&ILWTM 
$L XWGIM ALH , $ICAW LA AXT NGD RA$I HMPLGH WHMNGNWN . PRS AP MKNH 
AWTM BBWZ " XWGIM - $MWGIM " . AXD HXWGIM HWWTIQIM , AP $HWA XSR KIWM 
H$P&H $L MM$ BMPLGH , HWA " HXWG L$ILWB " , $HIH B&BR PAR HMPLGH . 
HXWG HWQM B$NWT H06 BIDI MIKH XRI$ , LAXR SIWM TPQIDW KRA$ HM$MRT 
HC&IRH BMPLGT H&BWDH . XRI$ CIRP ALIW KMH C&IRIM B&LI $AIPWT PWLI@IWT , 
$M@RTM H&IQRIT HITH LSLQ AT HWWTIQIM MMNGNWN HMPLGH WLTPWS BMHIRWT &MDWT 
MPTX . LCDW $L XRI$ P&LW AZ NAWH ARD W$MWAL BH@ . BIMIW H@WBIM , 
BRA$IT $NWT H08 , HIW BXWG XMI$H AW $$H XBRI - KNST , WBHM MNXM HKHN , 
I&QB GIL W&DI AMWRAI . AP $MRBIT XBRI HXWG H$TLBW ZH MKBR BMNGNWN HMPLGH 
WHGWRM LHTARGNWTM $WB AINW QIIM , HXWG MM$IK LHTKNS MDI P&M . M$NBXR 
XRI$ LMZK"L HMPLGH , H&BIR AT HMW$KWT LBH@ , WKIWM MRKZ AT HXWG IWBL 
PRNQL , &WZRW HNAMN $L XRI$ . &IQR P&ILWT HXWG HWA B&RBI BXIRWT . BM&RKT 
HBXIRWT HPNIMIWT HAXRWNH LKNST SPGW XBRIW MPLH Q$H : &WBDH HIA $XRI$ , 
WBMIWXD ARD , LA NKNSW ALA BQW$I RB LR$IMT HM&RK LKNST . B1891 
H$TLBW BMPLGT H&BWDH XWG " M$WB " , BRA$WTW $L X"K IWSI BIILIN , WXWG 
" DWR HHM$K " , BRA$WTW $L M$H KHN . $NI HXWGIM HLLW CMXW MTWK MXLWQT 
BQRB XBRI HM$MRT HC&IRH BMPLGT H&BWDH BSWP $NWT H07 . BIILIN WXBRIW HA$IMW 
AT RA$I HM$MRT HC&IRH DAZ , BINIHM M$H KHN WXIIM CASLR , BZIWPIM BBXIRWT 
HPNIMIWT . HXQIRH HW&BRH LM$@RH WHTIQ NSGR , AK BQRB HC&IRIM XL PILWG . 
BIILIN PR$ MP&ILWTW BM$MRT , ASP KMH MIDIDIW HAQDMAIM CIRP ALIHM XBRIM 
MBWGRI HM$MRT HC&IRH , WHBIA LP&ILWTW $L XWG PWLI@I H&WSQ BH&LAT R&IWNWT 
XD$IM B&NIINIM MPLGTIIM WPWLI@IIM . &D HIWM SWBB XWG ZH &L CIRW $L BIILIN , 
W&IQR P&ILWTW MTRKZ BHTQPH &L HIMIN BMPLGH WBNISIWN LM$WK AT HMPLGH $MALH . 
ZH LA KBR &WRRW BIILIN WXBRIW , BINIHM X"K ABRHM BWRG , S&RH MPLGTIT , 
K$HZMINW AT PIISL XWSIINI LHRCWT BPNI BXWG . " DWR HHM$K " HWA HIPWKW 
$L " M$WB " . KIWM &WMDIM BRA$W , MLBD M$H KHN , GM ICXQ ALII$IB , 
IQI LB , NISN QRWPSQI WX"K MIKH GWLDMN , DMWIWT APWRWT , HM$QPWT 
AT MCB HXWG . BNIGWD L"M$WB " HIWNI , RWBM NCIM BD&WTIHM . BINIHM 
LBIN MZK"L HMPLGH I$ KIWM QRBH MIWXDT . BMABQ HAXRWN BIN RBIN LPRS , 
HTGIISW XBRI HXWG LSII& LRBIN . KHN &CMW HIH BCWWT HMCWMCM $L RBIN . 
RWB HXBRIM B"DWR HHM$K " HM KIWM BNI ARB&IM WM&LH . XLQ GDWL MHM XBRI 
HMNGNWN HMPLGTI , RA$I &RIM , AW MZKIRI MW&CWT PW&LIM . HXWG LA HCLIX 
LHCMIX MTWKW MNHIG , WBKNSIM GDWLIM $HWA MQIIM , DWGMT ZH $&RKW LPNI 
K$BW&IIM , NALCW LHZMIN KMH AI$IM PWPWLRIIM L$AT DBRIM KDI LM$WK QHL . 
XBRI " DWR HHM$K " MAMINIM , KI LQRAT HBXIRWT HBAWT LKNST ICLIXW L$LB 
BH MSPR RB $L MW&MDIM WKK LHGDIL AT KWXW HPWLI@I $L HXWG . BAMC& 
$NWT H07 HQIM IXIAL LQ@ AT XWG " &RKIM " . HHTARGNWT HTBSSH &L TMIKH 
BRBIN , B&T MABQIW BPRS WBMXNH TWMKIW . BAWTM HIMIM HIW KM&@ KL XBRI 
HXWG B&LI D&WT PWLI@IWT MTWNWT WNX$BW HIWNIM $L MPLGT H&BWDH . HM 
GM HWBILW AT HMABQ BMPLGWT HDTIWT . BRA$IT $NWT H08 IZMW XIIM RMWN , 
$AK SIIM AT TPQIDW KIW"R HM$MRT HC&IRH BMPLGT H&BWDH , WNSIM ZWWILI 
HQMT MSGRT PWLI@IT KLLIT $TAGD BTWKH AT " &RKIM " WAT " M$WB " W$TP&L 
IXD L$INWI PNI HMPLGH . HKINWS HR&IWNI HRA$WN $L $NI HXWGIM N&RK BKPR 
HIRWQ , B4891 . BIILIN HWA $HCI& LQBW& AT HKPR HIRWQ KMQWM HKINWS , 
SML LHTKNSWT DWMH $HITH B8591 : AZ HTARGNW KMH MP&ILI MPA"I KDI LHILXM 
BHNHGH HWWTIQH . &L $R$RT AIRW&IM ZW BISS BIILIN AT &BWDT HDWQ@WR $LW . 
HHTKNSWT HR&IWNIT BKPR HIRWQ HPKH &D MHRH LXWG PWLI@I DWMINN@I BMPLGH . 
RWB XBRI " HKPR HIRWQ " HM P&ILIM $CMXW IXDIW BMPLGH , RWBM IWCAI 
HM$MRT HC&IRH WKM&@ KWLM MZWHIM &M H$MAL BMPLGH . L&WMT XWGIM AXRIM , 
MAPIIN AT " HKPR HIRWQ " HPW@NCIAL HMNHIGWTI $L XBRIW . RMWN , 
ZWWILI , XGI MRWM , &MIR PRC WAXRIM , NX$BIM AI$IM H&$WIIM BBWA HIWM 
L$LW@ BMPLGH . BIMIW $L X"K &WZI BR&M KMZK"L MPLGT H&BWDH , QIBL HXWG 
TNWPH RBH , WPRS &CMW SII& LXBRIM RBIM BW LHIBXR LKNST . LQRAT HHTMWDDWT 
B2991 , IITKN $HXWG ICIB MW&MD M$LW . ZWWILI KBR HCHIR KI ITMWDD 
BWWDAI , AK M&$IT IWTR HTMWDDWTW $L RMWN , HMBQ$ LHBIA LMHPKT C&IRIM 
BMPLGT H&BWDH . BAXRWNH QIIM RMWN $ITWP P&WLH HDWQ &M " M$WB " , WRMWN 
WBIILIN AP &MDW BMWQD S&RH , K$XIBRW MSMK &QRWNWT WBW DR$W LHPRID BIN 
XBRWT BMPLGT H&BWDH LXBRWT BHSTDRWT WLB@L KMH MSMLI HMPLGH , KGWN HDGL 
HADWM , HIMNWN " HAIN@RCIWNL " WXGIGWT HAXD BMAI . XWGIM AXRIM BMPLGT 
H&BWDH XSRIM KL X$IBWT PWLI@IT WKWXNIT . KZH HWA HXWG $L M$PXT $W$NH 
WNTN ALMWZLINW , " LMRXB " , $HWQM B0891 , AK LM&$H XDL LP&WL . WKALH 
HM XWGIM AXRIM $HWQMW BIDI XBRI KNST BWDDIM KDI LQDM AT &CMM MBXINH PWLI@IT 
WLARGN SBIBM MWQDI KWX LQRAT HBXIRWT LKNST , KGWN " KIWWN XD$ " , 
$HWQM &L BSIS &NIINIM NW$AIM XBRTIIM , $BRA$W &WMD X"K $M&WN $@RIT ; 
" XWG R&WT " , BRA$WTW $L X"K R&NN KHN , W&WD . XWG AXR HWA " P&ILWT 
HM$MRT HC&IRH " , $BNIGWD LKL HXWGIM HAXRIM , HWA MWSD MPLGTI R$MI . 
BZMNW HIH L"M$MRT " KWX PWLI@I RB . KIWM &WMD BRA$ XWG ZH ABI IXZQAL , 
HMKHN BTPQID BKIR BHSTDRWT . IXZQAL WQWDMW BTPQID , APRIM ZINGR , 
LA HCLIXW LHPWK AT " HM$MRT " LMWQD $L KWX WLRTWM AWTH LHTNHGWT PWLI@IT 
AXIDH . QIIMIM XWGIM AXRIM BLA HKRH MPLGTIT R$MIT , WHX$WB $BHM HWA 
" HPWRWM HHSTDRWTI " , MWQD KWX X$WB BIWTR BMPLGH , HMAGD AT KL HXBRIM 
HMRKZIIM BHSTDRWT . XWG ZH &TID LH$PI& H$P&H RBH BMPLGH AM IBQ$ I$RAL 
QISR LHTMWDD &L HNHGT HTNW&H . MWL P&ILWTM $L HXWGIM HR$MIIM WHR$MIIM 
LMXCH , QIIMT HHTARGNWT $L IWNIM WNCIM BMPLGH . HIWNIM MWRKBIM KM&@ 
MKL NCIGI HXWGIM BMPLGH . AIN ZH XWG R$MI - MMWSD WXBRIW P&ILIM B&T 
HTKNSWIWT &NIINIWT AW B&T $MTQIIM DIWN BNW$A AIDIAWLWGI BMPLGH . &WZI 
BR&M , AWRH NMIR WAXRIM MBQ$IM L$M$ KMWBILI HIWNIM , AK HX"K L$&BR 
ABA ABN &DIIN NX$B KMNHIG HIWNIM . XWG HNCIM , AW B$MW HR$MI " HZRM 
HMRKZI " , MNSH BAXRWNH LHTARGN WLHQIM LW MWSDWT M$LW . IW"R HKNST L$&BR , 
X"K $LMH HLL , &WMD BRA$ HNCIM WLCDW PW&LIM XBRI HKNST MIKAL BR - ZWHR , 
&MNWAL ZISMN , GDLIH GL , &DNH SWLWDR , $MXH DINIC WAXRIM . HB&IH 
HMRKZIT $L P&ILIM ALH HIA $XSRH LHM DMWT MNHIGWTIT - SMKWTIT $TWBIL 
AT HGWP . &L AP $XBRI HZRM HMRKZI MIICGIM AT D&WTIHM $L RBIM MXBRI HMPLGH , 
LA HPKW ALH LKWX M$M&WTI . WAM LA DI BBLBWL HZH , AP$R LHWSIP GM AT 
QBWCWT HKWX HMTARGNWT SBIB HMW&MDIM LHTMWDDWT &L HNHGT HMPLGH PRS , 
RBIN , GD I&QWBI , M$H $XL , MW@H GWR , AWRH NMIR WAXRIM . HTARGNWIWT 
ALH KWLLWT NCIGI IMIN W$MAL , $HMNI& $LHM KWXNI BLBD . AM &D LPNI $NIM 
AXDWT HTAPIINH BMPLGT H&BWDH XLWQH BIN MXNWT PRS WRBIN , KIWM HIA AINH 
QIIMT KLL . SBIB RBIN QIIM GR&IN Q@N $L TWMKIM , AK HWA NHNH B$NIM 
HAXRWNWT MQWALICIH $L XWGIM WQBWCWT HHWLKIM AXRIW , BLA KL DBQ M$M&WTI 
BINIHM , B&IQR XBRI " HZRM HMRKZI " WDWR " HHM$K " . TWMKIW HI$IRIM 
$L PRS PXWTIM MALH $L RBIN , AK HWA NHNH BMWCHR MTMIKT XBRI " M$WB " 
WMXLQ MAN$I " HKPR HIRWQ " . 

* 

BRXBI BRIH"M NPTXIM BAXRWNH BTI SPR IHWDIIM , BHM MLMDIM &BRIT , TN"K 
WMQCW&WT IHDWT AXRIM . KK DIWWX ATMWL $R HXINWK ZBWLWN HMR BI$IBT HMM$LH . 
HMR CIIN KI &D KH IDW& &L PTIXT BTI SPR KALH BMWSQWWH , BLNINGRD WBRIGH . 
$R HXINWK MSR L$RIM KI M$IXWTIW &M AXDIM MMNHLI BTI HSPR HIHWDIIM , &WLH 
KI BKWWNTM LHKIN AT HILDIM L&LIITM LARC WL$ILWBM BM&RKT HXINWK HI$RALIT . 
HMR HWDI& KI M$RD HXINWK I$LX LBTI HSPR HIHWDIIM BBRIH"M , TWKNIWT LIMWD 
WSPRI &ZR . $R HXINWK HWSIP KI MDI IWM MC@RPIM 002 ILDIM WBNI NW&R &WLIM 
( B&IQR MBRIH"M ) , LGNIM WLBTI HSPR BARC . $I&WR HLWMDIM BMWSDWT 
ALH &D KH , MGI& L03 ALP ILD . BNWSP LHM LWMDIM 05 ALP MBWGRIM BAWLPNIM 
$L M$RD HXINWK , BAWNIBRSI@AWT WBAWLPNIM . " ZHW HMSPR HGDWL BIWTR $L 
&WLIM XD$IM $NQL@W B$NH AXT , BMWSDWT HXINWK MAZ QWM HMDINH " , AMR HMR 
WCIIN KI HTLMIDIM MBRIH"M MC@IINIM AMNM BMQCW&WT HMD&IM WB&IQR BMTIM@IQH , 
AK AIN LHM KL ID& BIHDWT , BCIWNWT WBTWLDWT H&M WHMDINH . M$RD HXINWK 
PW&L LHRXBT TXWMI LIMWD ALH L&WLIM , HDGI$ H$R . HWA MSR KI M$RD HXINWK 
IAP$R LTLMIDIM &WLIM , HNQL@IM BKITWT I"A I"B , LG$T LBXINWT HBGRWT 
B$PH HRWSIT . &WD CIIN $R HXINWK KI LMRWT $HAWCR TWB& HXLT M$MRT $NIIH 
BBTIH"S , BGIN H&LIIH WLMRWT $BM$RD HXINWK I$ TWKNIT MGIRH B&NIIN ZH , 
I&$H M$RDW KL MAMC LMNW& M$MRT $NIIH . 

* 

MRAWT HHTPR&WT BIRW$LIM , B&T HLWWIITW $L MAIR KHNA , HXZIRW AWTI AL 
HLILH $BW NRCX AMIL GRINCWIIG , BPBRWAR 3891 . BMHWMH $QMH BXZIT M$RD 
RA$ HMM$LH HSTMNW AZ LPXWT $NI MAPIINIM $L ASPSWP : HTLH@WT - MWXIN HMNTQT 
AT HASPSWP MN HMCIAWT , WXISWL H$LI@H $L ALIL HH&RCH ( AZ MNXM BGIN ) 
&L M&RICIW HM@WRPIM . GM LAXR $KBR HIH BRWR LKL $ADM NRCX WAXRIM NPC&W , 
WKTMI DM GDWLIM HADIMW &L MRCPWT HABN , HM$IK HASPSWP L$IR WL$AWG " BGIN 
MLK I$RAL " W"ARIQ MLK I$RAL " . DQWT AXDWT LPNI $ICA RA$ HMM$LH LWMR 
LAMC&I HTQ$WRT AT DBRI HGINWI WHHSTIIGWT $LW MN HRCX , BIQ$W &WZRIW LHSWT 
AT HHMWN HM$WLHB WQRAW LW LHPSIQ L$IR . LPXWT ZAT . MWL HMIQRWPWNIM WHMCLMWT 
$L AMC&I HTQ$WRT MN HARC WMN H&WLM HC@IIR MXZH ZWW&H SWRIALIS@I : MKAN 
DM $PWK WMKAN HMWN RWQD , MNIP ZRW&WTIW WCWWX BMLWA GRWNW $IRI THILH 
L$NI HMLKIM . ABL , KAN QRH MH $QWRH L$LI@IM HMNIXIM LASPSWP XSIDIM LHTPR& : 
HHMWN LA N&NH LHM WL$LIXIHM , WHM$IK LCWWX , LRQWD , LNTR WLHNIP $L@IM . 
HDM $N$PK LA HPRI& LHMWN , WAWLI AP LIBH AT ICRIW . ZAT HTMWNH $$WDRH 
AZ BTXNWT H@LWWIZIH M$NI &BRI HAWQIANWS . B$BW& $&BR $WDRW TMWNWT HASPSWP 
BP&WLH SBIB MS& HHLWWIH $L MAIR KHNA . ZH $NIM MTQ$H HLIKWD LSPQ AT 
HCRKIM HIICRIIM $L HASPSWP , KI &K$IW HLIKWD B$L@WN . K$HIW MPA"I , 
MPLGT H&BWDH AW HM&RK B$L@WN &MD MNXM BGIN &L MRPSWT W$ISH BHM AT HHMWN 
. " HIWM ATN AT HPQWDH DM ! " , Z&Q MN HMRPST BKIKR CIWN BIRW$LIM , 
W$ISH AT HHMWN HMPGIN NGD H$ILWMIM BKNST I$RAL . B$NIM MAWXRWT IWTR 
NISH HHMWN AT GAWLH KHN WAT XBRIH . BHLWWIITW $L KHNA LA RCW AWTH . QRAW 
LH LHSTLQ M$M , KI LA SIPQH AT HSXWRH $QIWW LH . RQ MAIR KHNA HBIN WID& 
$&LIW LQBW& AT M@HW B$WQ MXNH IHWDH , WNTN LHM H$KM WH&RB AT MH $BIQ$W 
AT HHSTH WH$ILHWB , XWMRI HDLQ LHTLH@WT HICRIM . HM BIQ$W L$MW& HTB@AWIWT 
BRMH HNMWKH BIWTR , WHM HWSIPW AT HTWSPWT HMINIWT . HWA Z&Q KAXWZ - 
TZZIT , K$PNIW MT&WWTIM WPIW MT&QM " &RBIM HXWCH ! " . WAM LA HIW 
$W@RIM BSBIBH , HWSIP " MWWT L&RBIM ! " . WXSIDIW HWSIPW TIAWRIM MINIIM 
M$PILIM LIRIBIM MN H$MAL HI$RALI . HASPSWP BARC AWHB LHTQ$@ BADRT WBNWCWT 
LA LW , LHTXP$ LAXR , LP@RIW@ MLIDH . BIN ALH HZW&QIM LB&LWT &L HP@RIW@IZM 
BARC I$ HMWKRIM LKTBIM L&NIINI PLILIM M&BWDTM , AW KALH $M&WLM LA $IRTW 
BCH"L , XILWNIM AW ABRKIM . I$ BINIHM GM AN$IM $HTGWRRW TQWPWT $WNWT 
BBTI - MXSH MM$LTIIM . WGM RWKLIM $AINM NMNIM &M M$LMI HMSIM HMWPLGIM . 
Q$H LWMR &LIHM $HM XSIDI HSDR HCIBWRI , WMQWM $TGRH BW HM $M . RA$M 
MTLH@ MHR WAGRWPIHM MGRDIM L$XRWR LXCIM . BQICWR , MILWI XWBWT $M@ILH 
HMDINH &L AZRXIH AINW MAPIIN $L RBIM BHMWN HZH . ABL , BHTGWDDM IXDIW , 
WBMIWXD BQBWCWT GDWLWT , HM RWAIM &CMM &WSQIM - MWR$IM B&NP HP@RIW@IZM 
HCRWP . KL MI $D&TW AINH MQWBLT &LIHM , BMIWXD AM HWA M$KIL , IIQRA 
BWGD , HRAWI LKL &WN$ . W$WB , KM&@ KL H&WN$IM $HM MAXLIM LIRIBIHM 
LQWXIM MN HGINQWLWGIH H$IMW$IT . WAIN GBWRH GDWLH BH@XT " BWGD ! " 
BMI $HWA XIIL AW QCIN BMILWAIM . LPT& , BHBL PH , IKWL BRIWN XMWM - 
MWX , $LA $IRT BCBA , LXW$ &CMW MTN$A &L MI $M$RT . LRAWT &CMW P@RIW@ 
GDWL IWTR MAWBIIQ@ HTQIPH , HMILWLIT AW HPISIT . ZH IKWL HIH 
L&WRR XIWKIM , AILMLA HTWCAWT WHHIB@IM H@RGIIM . WZH IKWL LHIWT MXLIA 
WMG&IL , KA$R HBRIWNIM HLLW LWB$IM AT ADRT HLWXMIM HNW&ZIM &L KBWD HAWMH . 
KMW $AIR& , LM$L , BBIT - $AN BNWBMBR 4791 , LAXR $LWXMI CH"L XISLW 
BQRB XWLIIT MXBLIM , $XDRH L&IIRH . KA$R HIH HQRB B&ICWMW , HSTTRW 
ALH W@WB $HSTTRW WLA HPRI&W LLWXMIM AK KA$R NTXWWR LHM , M&L KL SPQ , 
$AIN N$QPT LHM SKNH , AW AZ HXLI@W LLMD AT HMXBLIM ( HMTIM ! ) LQX . 
HM PRCW BRICT AMWQ AL HBIT $HWTQP , TPSW AT GWWIWT HMXBLIM ( WBRICTM 
TPSW GM AT GWPTW $L QWRBN IHWDI ) , H$LIKW AT HGWWIWT MB&D LXLWN AL 
HASPSWP HM$WLHB , HMMTIN LGWWIWT BIDIIM MW$@WT WBQWL CHLH . AXR KK HCITW 
AWTN . HIH GM MI $RC LHBIA SKIN QCBIM , LBTR AT HGWWIWT . ALA $BRG& 
ZH HT&RBW KWXWT HBI@XWN , HRXIQW AT HM$WLHBIM , N@LW AT GWPWT H&RBIM 
WAT GWPWT HIHWDIM , WHASPSWP NALC LHSTPQ BQRIAWT QCWBWT . HTMWNWT PWRSMW 
BRXBI H&WLM . HTNHGWT DWMH HITH , RQ QCT QWDM LKN , BQRIT $MWNH , LAXR 
XDIRT HMXBLIM . ALA $$M HIW KWXWT HBI@XWN &RIM IWTR WMN&W AT HTLH@WT 
HHMWN B&WDH BAIBH . MAXR $KK , ICAW MPGINIM AL M$KN HKNST BIRW$LIM , 
LHTPR& WLHTLH@ $M . HIH MI $&WDDM LKK , WGM $KR AT HAW@WBWSIM . ABL , 
KA$R BIQR LMXRT N$IA HMDINH DAZ , HPRWPSWR APRIM QCIR , BQRIT $MWNH , 
AMR LW M$H GWA@H , $BNW WKLTW NRCXW BIDI HMXBLIM : " HMPGINIM $HTPR&W 
LID HKNST BIRW$LIM AINM MIICGIM AWTNW . HM MNSIM LNCL AT SBL HM$PXWT 
H$KWLWT KDI LHCIG DRI$WT WLQBL H@BWT " . IWSP $@RIT , $AI$TW W$LW$T ILDIW 
NRCXW , AMR LN$IA : " AINNI RWCH $ALH $HPGINW BIRW$LIM IICGW AWTNW . 
ANI MTBII$ BHPGNH HZAT " . AT HHPGNH AIRGNW AN$I HLIKWD BQRIT - $MWNH . 
H$L@WN , BIMIM HHM , HIH BIDI HM&RK . TNW&TW $L KHNA &WD LA QMH . 
ALIAS QAN@I , $QIBL AT PRS NWBL LSPRWT &L SPRW " HHMWN WHKWX , KTB 
BW $HAIRW& HX$WB BIWTR BMSGRT HHMWN HWA HHTPRQWT , $BL&DIH AIN HHMWN 
QIIM LM&$H . HTPRQWT HICRIM HIA $IWCRT WMGB$T AWTW . ZH HRG& , $BW 
KL HM$TIIKIM LHMWN PWRQIM WM$ILIM M&LIHM AT IIXWDM WAT HHBDLIM $BINIHM , 
WMRGI$IM $WWIM ZH LZH . MM$IK QAN@I : " BDWXQ HZH , BCPIPWT HZAT , 
K$AIN MRXQ WRWWX BIN AI$ LAI$ WGWP NCMD AL GWP QRWB KL ADM LZWLTW MM$ 
K$M $HWA QRWB L&CMW WAZ AWPPT HRG$H NPLAH , MRWMMT , $L HQLH , $L H$TXRRWT . 
WB$BIL HRG& HMBWRK HZH , $BW AIN AI$ MRWMM AW N&LH MR&HW , B$BIL HRG& 
HZH N&$IM BNI - ADM LHMWN . " AWLM RG& HHTPRQWT , KH NXPC WKH MAW$R , 
@WMN BXWBW AT ZR& KLIWNW . HWA MW$TT &L A$LIH . HAN$IM HMRGI$IM LPT& 
$HM $WWIM LA HPKW LHIWT $WWIM BAMT . WL&WLM LA IRGI$W AT &CMM $WWIM " . 
BMI$WR HM&$I , NAMNWTW $L HASPSWP AINH MWNXT BKISW $L AP MNHIG . HHMWN 
NAMN RQ L&CMW . HWA QPIC HALIMWT HM$TXRR BMHLWMH . L&TIM QRWBWT BTGRH 
&L $@X MXIH B$WQ , AW BSKSWK BIN M$PXWT $KNWT . PWLI@IQAI XKM LA I$LH 
AT &CMW $NAMNWTM $L ALH MWNXT BQWPSTW . MI $HIH NAMN LBGIN &BR LGAWLH 
KHN , WMGAWLH KHN AL MAIR KHNA . WMI IIR$ AT MAIR KHNA ? GNDI ? 

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HPRQLI@ HCBAI TT - ALWP AMNWN S@R$NWB IGI$ BIMIM HQRWBIM KTBI AI$WM NGD 
$$H QCINIM $NIIM BDRGT SA"L , $NIIM BDRGT RS"N W$NIIM BDRGT SRN &L 
M&WRBWT BASWN CALIM BIWLI . HQCINIM BDRGT SA"L II$P@W BBIT DIN CBAI MIWXD . 
BASWN NHRGW XMI$H XIILIM W&$RH NPC&W , B$L @&WT BPQWDH $NITNH BTRGIL 
AR@ILRIH . KZKWR HWDXW LAXR HTAWNH XMI$H QCINIM , WHRM@K"L DN $WMRWN 
NZP BMPQD H&WCBH , QCIN BDRGT TA"L . HTBI&H HCBAIT TA$IM AT HQCINIM BAI - 
NQI@T AMC&I HB@IXWT HNDR$IM WBAXRIWT LLIQWIIM HRBIM $HWBILW LIRI MW@&H 
$L PGZ HAR@ILRIH , L&BR HI&D $NKB$ BTRGIL KMH DQWT QWDM LKN . AXD MH$$H 
HWA QCIN MILWAIM BDRGT SRN , $HIH MWPQD &L HZMNT HSIW& HAR@ILRI , W$NTN , 
LPI HX$D , AT HPQWDH HMW@&IT LIRWT &L HGB&H $&LIH HIW XIILI HXI"R . 
BIN &DI HTBI&H IHIW MPQD XILWT H$DH HALWP AWRI $GIA WQCIN TWTXNIM RA$I 
TT ALWP DWRWN QDMIAL . LAXR HTAWNH AMR HRM@K"L KI SIBTH HITH @&WT ANW$ 
WKI$LWNH $L M&RKT HBQRH WHB@IXWT , $HITH AMWRH LMNW& @&WT MSWG ZH . LSWPR 
" HARC " NWD& KI HQCINIM HTII&CW KBR &M &WRKI DIN . M$PXWTIHM HBI&W 
Z&M &L $HPRQLI@WT LA HWDI&H LHM &L HKWWNH LHGI$ KTBI AI$WM NGD BNI M$PXWTIHM . 
DWBR CH"L AI$R KI AKN IWG$W KTBI AI$WM NGD $$H QCINIM . MID LAXR HASWN 
HWQMH W&DH BRA$WT HALWP BMILWAIM &MWS IRWN , A$R HMLICH &L HHDXWT WHNZIPWT , 
WHWSIPH KMH HMLCWT B&NIINI B@IXWT . BXQIRH $HTQIIMH LAXR HASWN HSTBR 
KI QCIN HSIW& NTN B@&WT AT PQWDT HA$ " ZMBIH " BMQWM " XB$ " . LDBRI 
IRWN HTGLW PRCWT B$LW$ NQWDWT BM&RK HBQRH WHB@IXWT BTRGIL , B&CM AI 
QIWM HWRAWT HB@IXWT . BMQRH $L QCIN AXD HTGLTH RMH MQCW&IT $AINH MSPQT . 
ACL MPQD HGDWD $L HKWX $HIH &L HI&D HTGLTH HTRWPPWT BAXRIWT . KMW KN 
HTGLW LIQWIIM BMPQDT HSIW& HX@IBTIT WBRMT HKWX HMSTII& BAZWR HI&D $BW 
NPL HPGZ . 

* 

HAXRIWT LGZR - HDIN HSWPI BM$P@ GB&TI B RWBCT &L KTPIH $L HTBI&H HCBAIT , 
KI HIA NK$LH BM$P@ . AM K$L BIT - HDIN HCBAI BII$WM H&WN$I $L PSQ - 
DINW , XIIB HTWB& HCBAI HRA$I L&$WT LTIQWN HM&WWT . AM IIMN& MHG$T 
&R&WR LBIT - HDIN HCBAI L&R&WRIM ITRWM HTWB& HCBAI HRA$I LHNCXT H&IWWT . 
H&WN$ $NGZR &L HNA$MIM , LAXR $HWR$&W BPSQ - DIN MLWMD WMNWMQ HI@B , 
HWA KI$LWN HN MBXINH M$P@IT - MQCW&IT WHN MBXINH MWSRIT - ANW$IT . HNA$MIM 
HWR$&W B&BIRH $L XBLH BKWWNH MXMIRH $H&WN$ &LIH , KPI $NQB& BXWQ , HWA 
02 $NWT MASR . KL TWB& HIH M&R&R L&RKAH GBWHH IWTR AM BIT - HM$P@ HIH 
MR$I& AT HNA$MIM AK PWSQ LHM &WN$ QL KL - KK . KICD TWKL HTBI&H HCBAIT 
LDRW$ M&TH WHLAH MBTI - HDIN $IPSQW &WN$I MASR M$M&WTIIM LXIIL $HXZIQ 
M&@ X$I$ , AW LXIIL $&RQ MIXIDTW , AW LXIIL $TQP AT R&HW , B&WD H&WN$IM 
HMGWXKIM $L M$P@ GB&TI B MWNCXIM KTQDIMIM BSPRI HPSIQH $L HCBA ? HTBI&H 
HCBAIT MIICGT LA RQ AT HCBA . HIA MIICGT AT HMDINH , AT RMTH HANW$IT 
WHMWSRIT , AT M&RKT HCDQ WHM$P@ $BTWKH . GZR - DIN KZH PWG& BAMINWT 
M&RKT H$IPW@ HCBAIT WHAZRXIT KAXD , $KN ALH $TI ZRW&WT $L AWTW GWP . 
AM HTBI&H HCBAIT AINH MQBLT AT HAI$WRIM HDRW$IM LHG$T H&R&WR AIN HAXRAIM 
&LIH HPRQLI@ HCBAI HRA$I WHTWB& HCBAI HRA$I IKWLIM LHM$IK BTPQIDM W&LIHM 
LPRW$ , KI AM LA I&R&RW AW LA IPR$W , MQWMM LA IKIRM BXBRT AN$I XWQ 
WMWSR HNAMNIM LTPQIDM WPW&LIM BIW$R WBTWQP BMILWI XWBTM . B&BR @&N N$IA 
BIT - HM$P@ H&LIWN , H$WP@ MAIR $MGR , KI N$IA BIT - HDIN HCBAI L&R&WRIM 
CRIK LHIWT M$P@N . HDBR BA &L TIQWNW WHTWCAWT AKN MWRG$WT . IITKN $B&TID 
IHIH MQWM L$QWL $INWIIM BM&RK H$IPW@ BBTI - HDIN HCBAIIM HMXWZIIM , HMWRKBIM 
MM$P@N $LCDW $NI QCINIM HMTXLPIM MDI IWM . AK ALW HRHWRIM WH$GWT L&TID . 
HIWM &L HTBI&H HCBAIT L&R&R &L GZR - HDIN BM$P@ GB&TI B . TL - ABIB : &M 
KL HC&R &L HIRCXW $L MAIR KHNA , AINI IKWL LHIMN& MLCIIN $KL HPGNWT HABL 
$L MXNWT H$MAL WHIMIN KAXD BCBI&WT ISWDN . KL HMXNWT HLLW $LLW AT DRKW , 
AT R&IWNWTIW WAP AWTW &CMW AT AI$IWTW , @WN DIBWRW WHTNHGWTW HMXPIRH . 
HM , WKWTB $WRWT ALH BTWKM , TB&W LA RQ AT SILWQW MHKNST ALA AP AT 
SILWQW MHARC . AK MAIR KHNA HWA $KRH L&CMW AT QBRW , BKL HPRWBWQCIWT 
$&$H AM BMC& HMDINI WHIHWDI $LW WAM B&CRWT - H&M $BHN TB& LGR$ AT H&RBIM 
MHARC . HWA " HGDIL " L&$WT KA$R HCDIQ AT RCIXTM $L $B&T HPW&LIM H&RBIM 
LID RA$WN - LCIWN , B&T $XIKW LHS&TM L&BWDH BI$RAL . WHIW &WD M&$IM 
WHPGNWT $TQCR HIRI&H MLPR@M . H$NAH HTHWMIT WH&IDWD LM&$I RCX , $ISWI 
WPGI&H LA RQ B&RBIM KI AM GM BIHWDIM MH$MAL , AW IHWDIM $XLQW &LIW 
W&L D&WTIW HZMINW TGWBH KLPIW . AINK IKWL LHSIT LRCX &RBIM WLGIRW$M 
BLI LCPWT $AP HM INHGW KLPIK KPI $ATH NWHG BHM . WHDBR H&IQRI : AINK 
IKWL LHSIT LRCX &RBIM BLI $HDBR IGRWR RCX IHWDIM . HHIS@WRIH HANW$IT 
MRAH $@RWR AINW IKWL LHIWT BRRNI . @RWRIKWL LHTXIL B&RBIM , AK AINW 
N&CR BHM . QRIT $MWAL : B$NIM HAXRWNWT N&$IM , MKIWWNIM $WNIM , 
MAMCIM LHBRIA AT XIINW HXBRTIIM WHPWLI@IIM . BDRK KLL MWC& LAMC AT HDGM 
HAMRIQAI HMWCG &L - IDI RBIM MIHWDI ARH"B KMWPT $L $L@WN TQIN WDMWQR@I , 
B&IQR BGLL HHPRDH HQPDNIT BIN DT WMDINH . AIN LMM$L R$WT LHT&RB B&NIINI 
HDT $L HAZRX , WMIMWN BTI HTPILH W$I&WRI HDT HWA MKSPM HPR@I $L HAZRXIM . 
MDW& $WKXIM MTQNI HMDINH $LNW PR@ M$M&WTI ZH K$HM DWR$IM " $INWI B$I@T 
HMM$L " ? HPRDT HDT MN HMDINH LA RQ TXSWK SKWMIM NKBDIM LM$LM HMSIM WTXZIR 
ALPIM HNTMKIM HIWM BKSPI CIBWR LMSLWL $L $IRWT CBAI W&BWDH , HIA GM T@HR 
AT HAWWIRH BTWK HCIBWR HDTI . QBLT KSP XINM HWLIKH L$XITWT , BKL MQWM 
WBKL XBRH . HTMIKH HMASIWWIT $L HMDINH BMMSD HDTI M$PI&H BHKRX &L RMTW 
HMWSRIT . MTQNI HMDINH ACLNW BWXRIM XLQIM BWDDIM , NWXIM LCWRKIHM , 
MTWK H$I@H HAMRIQAIT WM$TDLIM LH$LWT AT HCIBWR $AWTM XLQIM IQDMW AWTNW 
LQRAT KINWN MM$L TQIN . HBXIRH HI$IRH HKNISH LBIT HLBN $XQN QWLNW& $L 
SR@IM SWG B , MPNI $HWA ID& L$XQ B@LWWIZIH AT TPQID HN$IA @WB IWTR MKL 
MTXRIW . RIIGN NBXR LMRWT $HMTMWDDIM NGDW &LW &LIW LAIN $I&WR BH$KLH 
WBHBNH HMDINIT $LHM . $I@T HBXIRH HI$IRH HBIAH L$L@WN BARH"B AT NIQSWN , 
$HWRD BGLL $XITWT ( AXRI $SILQW AT SGNW $HIH AP GRW& MMNW ) . AIPH 
QIIM ACLNW GWP DWMH LSNA@ , $MBQR AT HN$IA W$LLA AI$WRW AIN HN$IA IKWL 
LMNWT AT $RIW ? ARH"B IKWLH LXIWT GM &M N$IA LA - IWCLX , HWDWT LM&RKT 
$LMH $L BLMIM WAIZWNIM WMSWRT $L AKIPT XWQ LLA RXMIM WLLA HTX$BWT BTPQIDM 
WBM&MDM $L X$WDIM , GM BDRGWT H&LIWNWT $L HXBRH . MDW& MTQNI HMDINH 
$LNW LA DWR$IM LQIIM ACLNW QWDM KL XLQ ZH $L H$I@H HAMRIQAIT ? XIPH : LAXR 
$HWSKM &L T$LWM TWSPWT H$KR B$I&WR % 9 L&WBDI HMGZR HCIBWRI HWDI& M$H 
QRT , MNK"L HT&$IIH HAWWIRIT , KI HWA MBQ$ LA LHXIL AT HHSKM &L &WBDI 
HXBRH . QRT HXLI@ LNHWG KK LMRWT RWWXI T&"A B9891 WHRWWXIM HCPWIIM LXBRH 
B0991 . K&BWR KMH IMIM HTB$RNW , KI BKIRI T&"A ZKW BTWSPT $KR $L % 2 . 
21 . M&NIIN AM HT&"A TCLIX L&MWD BM&MST T$LWM HTWSPT LBKIRIH QRT WITR 
XBRI HHNHLH . AGB , BXBRWT KW$LWT NHWG PR@ L$XIQT $KR H&WBDIM LHXLIP 
AT HHNHLH . 

* 

RA$ SI&T HLIKWD BHSTDRWT , X"K I&QB $MAI , ICI& HIWM LRA$ HMM$LH ICXQ 
$MIR LHNHIG MLWWH XWBH LXCI $NH LMIMWN QLI@T H&LIIH , BMQWM LNQW@ BC&DIM 
KLKLIIM $IXMIRW , LH&RKTW , AT MCBN $L HQBWCWT HXL$WT BAWKLWSIIH . MZK"L 
HHSTDRWT , I$RAL QISR , HCI& KBR LPNI XWD$IM AXDIM LH@IL MLWWH QLI@H , 
KDI LHIMN& MC&DIM $I$ BHM PGI&H B$KR WBHKNSH HPNWIH , AWLM BAWCR LA 
RAW BHC&H T$WBH LCWRK LGIIS M$ABIM LQLI@T H&LIIH . $MAI GWRS $HC&DIM HN$QLIM 
&TH BAWCR , LRBWT BI@WL KM&@ MWXL@ $L SWBSIDIWT L&WP WLXLB WPGI&H BQCBAI 
HBI@WX HLAWMI , IPG&W B$KBWT HXL$WT BXBRH WIGRMW LGIDWL BAWKLWSIIT NZQQI 
HS&D . HWA MCI& $HMLWWH IHIH MWTAM LRMT HHKNSH . X"K RN KHN MTNW&T RC 
PNH ATMWL LQISR BBQ$H LKNS BDXIPWT AT HWW&D HPW&L $L HHSTDRWT , KDI LDWN 
BC&DIM HMTWKNNIM &L - IDI HAWCR . KHN MZHIR MPNI PGI&H BBI@WX HSI&WD 
WH@LT MS ISP &L $KIRIM . HWA QRA LKL SI&WT HWW&D HPW&L LCAT NGD HTWKNIWT 
HNRQMWT BAWCR , BAWMRW $MWD&I HWA $R AWCR $L H&$IRWN H&LIWN BAWKLWSIIH . 


* 

LPI D&TW $L ICXQ $MIR , I$RAL HIA B&LT HBRIT HICIBH $L ARH"B BAZWR . 
MN HRAWI $IHRHR $NIT BM$M&WT DBRIW WBMSQNH HNWB&T MHM . AILW AMR , 
B&LT HBRIT HNZQQT $L ARH"B , LA HIW &LIW &WRRIN AP KI MCRIM MTXRH &M 
I$RAL &L HTWAR HZH . AK LS&WDIH I$ WTQ ARWK IWTR M$I$ LI$RAL KB&LT BRIT , 
WGM &L ICIBWTH $L H$W$LT &D KH AIN XWLQIM . ITR &L KN , BIN ARH"B LS&WDIH 
QIIMIM IXSI HZDQQWT HDDIT . WHRAIH : SPQ AM I$ &WD MDINH B&WLM $LM&NH 
HITH ARH"B NXLCT LMAMC BHIQP HDWMH LMH $H$QI&H BHGNTH $L &RB HS&WDIT . 
I$RAL WDAI AINH $IIKT LMDINWT HBAWT BX$BWN BHQ$R ZH . M$@R DMWQR@I HWA 
AKN HMIIXD AT I$RAL BAZWR . WAWLM , HZMNIM $BHM HIH LSGWLH ZAT M$QL 
MIWXD , $LA LWMR MKRI& , XLPW , KMDWMH LLA $WB . WAILW HXLWPH HAWPNTIT , 
KIBWD ZKWIWT HADM BA$R HWA , AINH SMLH HMSXRI $L I$RAL DWWQA . AIN 
ZAT $ARCWT AXRWT BAZWR ZWHRWT IWTR , AK , LMH NKXI$ , XDLNW LBLW@ BINIHN 
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KK . &L RQ& HIRIDH HMTQDMT B&RKM $L NKSINW , MQBLWT TLWNWTIH $L I$RAL 
&L H&DR TIAWM AMRIQAI AWPI $L BKIINWT . AM AKN ARH"B AINH MTAMT &M I$RAL , 
SIMN $AINH X$H CWRK BTIAWM . I$RAL AINH &W$H @WBH LAMRIQAIM BHNMIKH 
AM AMNM HIA MNMIKH PRWPIL BM$BR HMPRC , $HRI MZWWIT HRAIIH HMWL@I - 
L@RALIT AIN HIA M&WRBT BW , W@WB $AINH M&WRBT ( NDMH L&CMNW WNTXLXL , 
MH HIH QWRH LNW , AILW HTKBDNW BNWKXWTM $L 002 ALP XIILIM AMRIQAIM ) 
; BA$R LDW - $IX LITR DIWQ , DW - AIWM BIN I$RAL LBIN &IRAQ , HWA 
AINW IKWL LHIWT B&L PRWPIL GBWH IWTR . $MIR NWHG B&NIIN ZH KMW 
$NWHG QBCN @RDN : K$HAMRIQAIM IXW$W CWRK BKK , HM IRWCW HNH WIBQ$W AT 
HTIAWM ; BMQRH $L PTIXH BA$ , HM IZDQQW LW LA PXWT MA$R I$RAL . ARH"B 
TWCIA , AM LA TIBHL &D AZ , AT H&RMWNIM HS&WDIIM MN HA$ , KIWWN $BW$ 
WBIIQR RWAIM BHM &RMWNIM AMRIQAIIM . AM I$ , L&WMT ZAT , &RMWNIM I$RALIIM 
HNCLIM BA$ HM$BR BMPRC , LA ZW BLBD $ARH"B LA TWCIAM BMQWMNW ; HIA &LWLH 
AP LCPWT LKK $MAMCINW LA IPRI&W LMAMCIH $LH . WAM I$ $MC , WAWLI AP IWTR 
M$MC , $L R$&WT WHT&LMWT ZDWNIT BMM$L HAMRIQAI , HMTB@AT BHTNKRWTW MCRKINW , 
APILW M&BR LMH $MXIIBIM $IQWLI HRIAL - PWLI@IQ , $MIR W$WTPIW &$W AT 
$LHM LM&N HR&LT HIXSIM BIN ARH"B LI$RAL . M$QIPIM MN HCD &$WIIM LHBXIN 
BTXRWT HNMRCT &L HBKWRH , HMTNHLT BIMIM ALH BMPRC HPRSI BIN ARH"B LAIRWPH 
HM&RBIT . ZWHI B&IQRH TXRWT &L XSDI H&RBIM BSBIBH RWWIIT NP@ , WHIA 
MWCAT AT BI@WIH HMWBHQ BHZDRZWTH $L CRPT , LA RQ LHRIM QWL N$IAWTI BZKWT 
PTRWN " &RBI " LSKSWK , ALA L$GR BMQBIL LS&WDIH &WCBH RBT IWQRH MLGIWN 
HZRIM . ( WBMAMR MWSGR : KL &WD T&MWD MRGR@ TACR BRA$ MM$LT BRI@NIH , 
CRIKH ARCH LHIX$B AMRIQAIT IWTR MARH"B $L BW$ WBIIQR ) . CRPT 
&DIIN RWAH B&CMH AT NW$AT HDGL $L AIRWPH HM&RBIT , HGM $KBR LPNI AIXWD 
GRMNIH MIMNH ZAT AT HDGL , BH$Q&H WBTXZWQH . KKL $HDBR NWG& LMDINAIM 
AIRWPAIM MSWGM $L GN$R WANDRIAW@I , HHTIICBWT HCRPTIT HAITNH M$NI &BRI 
HSKSWK HIA HHWLMT BIWTR AT DRKI AIRWPH BAZWR . WAMNM , AM ARH"B LA T$KIL 
LSLQ AT &IRAQ MQRB HMW&MDIM LHNHGT AZWR HNP@ MH $AWMR GIBW$ HGMWNIH AZWRIT 
S&WDIT HN$&NT &L MCRIM &$WIH &MIDTH $L CRPT BTWWK LZKWT AWTH , WB&QBWTIH 
AT AIRWPH ASIRT HTWDH , BM&MD BKWRH . BRAIWN $NDPS LPNI IMIM AXDIM B"WWL 
S@RI@ GWRNL " , BI@L $MIR AT HHZDQQWT HAMRIQAIT L&RBIM : HM XIIBIM TWDH 
LARCWT HBRIT &L XILWCN MCIPWRNI HGBRTN H&IRAQI . HCDQ HIH &MW AILW HITH 
HMXWIBWT LGMWL &L SIW& B&T MCWQH B&BR M@B& &WBR LSWXR BIN MDINWT . AWLM , 
MI K$MIR CRIK LD&T KI ZWHI AGDT ILDIM : ARCWT HBRIT ZQWQH L&RBIM BKLL 
WLS&WDIH BPR@ KDI $ZAT TWSIP L$MWR LH AMWNIM WLA TWQSM MZMIRWT HPITWI 
HARWPIWT . $HRI ZH HKLL : KL &WD MWSIPH ARCWT HBRIT L$AWP LMLA TPQID 
$L M&CMT &L , HIA XIIBT LHIWT B&LT HMLH HQWB&T BMH $NWG& LHB@XT ASPQT 
NP@ BMXIR $HM$QIM HM&RBIIM IKWLIM L&MWD BW . &M HMCIAWT HNGZRT MKAN $L 
TXRWT AMRIQAIT - AIRWPIT &L XSDIHM $L MLKI HMDBR , NDR$T I$RAL LHTMWDD : 
&M HNHGH KMW HNWKXIT , MLAKTH LA THIH QLH . 

* 

( & ) . TXNT H@LWWIZIH " QWL HTQWWH " HM$DRT MDRWM LBNWN , HXLH 
L$DR TWKNIWT LKWXWT HAMRIQAIM BMPRC HPRSI . HQ$B DWD BN - BS@ MSR ATMWL 
KI M$DRIM RBI &WCMH HWQMW BDRWM LBNWN WHM PW&LIM BKL IWM HXL MN H$&H 00 : 
71 LPI $&WN I$RAL . BTWKNIWT LXIILIM HAMRIQAIM M$WLBWT DRI$WT $LWM MQRWBI 
M$PXH BARH"B . 

* 

LHIWT AB XWRG , B&IQR AM I$ BNI &$RH BBIT , ZWHI QRWB LWWDAI AXT HM$IMWT 
HM$PILWT WHQ$WT BIWTR $ADM IKWL LQXT &L &CMW " , AWMR TWMS SIIB@ , PSIKWLWG 
L&NIINI M$PXH WNI$WAIM , $HWA GM AXD M31 MILIWN ABWT XWRGIM BARCWT HBRIT . 
AK ZW IKWLH LHIWT GM AXT HM$IMWT HMSPQWT BIWTR . HMIWMNWIWT HHKRXIWT 
HDRW$WT HN XWKMTW $L $LMH WSBLNWTW $L AIWB . XWQRIM MGI&IM LMSQNH $"HIXSIM 
BIN HILD LAB HXWRG HM AWLI HGWRM H@WB BIWTR LXIZWI TWXLT XIIH $L M$PXH 
XWRGT , WHM IKWLIM LGRWM HCLXH AW KI$LWN BNI$WAIM $NIIM " . HWAIL WN$IM 
ZWKWT BDRK KLL BXZQH &L HILDIM BMQRI GIRW$IN , XIIBIM HB&LIM HXD$IM LHTRGL 
LXIWT &M ILDIW $L MI$HW AXR . AM HILDIM BGIL HHTBGRWT TQWPH HMSWGLT 
LRPWT GM AT IDIHM $L HWRIM @B&IIM HATGR &LWL LHRWS AT HNI$WAIM HXD$IM . 
AB XWRG LILD BN 21 WILDH BT 51 X$B $NI$WAIW HXD$IM IHIW MW$LMIM ; &K$IW 
HWA " MSPIQ PIQX " , KK HRGI$ , KDI LHIMN& MH$GIAWT $L NI$WAIW HRA$WNIM . 
" BWAW NCA BSWP H$BW& LQMPING , BWAW NLK LSR@ , BWAW N$XQ BRIKWZ , 
ANI AWMR LHM " , SIPR . " ABL KL $ANI MQBL BTMWRH HM AWTM MB@IM $L 
LK L&ZAZL , WHM RCIM AL BIT ABIHM WMSPRIM LW $ANI MX@@ B$NI AXRI ARWXT 
H&RB AW $HILDIM $LI , HMBQRIM ACLNW BSWPI H$BW& , HM M@WM@MIM " . QWNPLIQ@IM 
&L @RI@WRIH WM$M&T , B&IQR &M BNI GIL H&$RH , HM AXT HSIBWT $NI$WAIM 
$NIIM NK$LIM B$I&WR GBWH IWTR MNI$WAIM RA$WNIM ; $ILDIM LHWRH XWRG NW$RIM 
MBIT HSPR IWTR MA$R ILDIM MM$PXWT XD - HWRIWT ; W$MWMXIM RBIM MWDAGIM 
MHHWRH $ICMX MAWTW ILD K&WS WPGW& . HWRIM XWRGIM HMTGBRIM &L K&S , 
TSKWL WAIBWD IWQRH B&IMWTIM ALH HM L&TIM QRWBWT ALH $NI$WAIHM HXD$IM MCLIXIM . 
D"R BNGMIN SPWQ HTNSH BH$PLH $BAH &M NISIWN HABHWT HXWRGT , LAXR $HTXTN 
&M AI$H $LH ILDH BT &$R . LDBRIW , B&QBWT HTNSWT ZAT HWA KTB MXD$ PRQ 
&L ABHWT XWRGT BSPRW " H@IPWL BTINWQ WBILD " . KMH ABWT XWRGIM MRGI$IM 
KMW QRWBIM MRWXQIM WLA RCWIIM , HMARIKIM MDI BBIQWRM . D"R NIL QAL@R , 
MNHL HMRKZ LILD WLM$PXH BAWNIBRSI@T MI$IGN WMXBR HSPR " LGDWL &M G@ " 
MSPR AT HSIPWR HBA : " ANI LA IKWLH LSBWL AT ZH " , IIBBH ILDH BT 51 
BPNI AMH . " ANI MWKRXH LLBW$ AT XLWQ HRXCH $LI B&$R BLILH BBIT $LI 
KDI LQXT TPWX MN HMQRR , M$WM $HWA IW$B $M BSLWN $LNW " . XWQRIM WAN$I 
QLINIQH MSKIMIM BDRK KLL $ILDIM Q@NIM &$WIIM LQBL BMHIRWT AT &ZRTW WSMKWTW 
$L AB XWRG . BNI GIL H&$RH @RWDIM BMINIWTM HM$TNH , W&W$IM MAMCIM LH$TXRR 
MSMKWTM $L MBWGRIM . " AINI IWD& AIK HCLXTI L&BWR AT H$NH HRA$WNH HHIA 
BLI LHRWG AT HILD HZH " , AMR AI$ &SQIM MNIW GRSI , AB XWRG . &WINWT 
HILDIM HDAIGH AWTW &D $QIBL AT H&WBDH $ILDIM BGIL H&$RH AINM AWHBIM LBLWT 
AT ZMNM HXWP$I BXBRT HWRIHM H@B&IIM , LA KL $KN BXBRTW $L ZR . " BTXILTM 
$L NI$WAIM MXD$ CRIKIM ABWT XWRGIM LHIWT KMW ZRIM MNWMSIM BBTIHN $L N$WTIHM 
HXD$WT WL$WXX &M HILDIM BGIL H&$RH , ABL LA LHT&RB AW LHP&IL $LI@H GDWLH 
MDI &L XIIHM " , AWMRT HPSIKWLWGIT MIIBIS HTRING@WN . 

* 

BBT - AXT AIBDH MDINT I$RAL AT HITRWN HIXSI $HIH LH , BTXWM AIKWT HXIIM , 
L&WMT MDINWT HM&RB . HXWD$ HAXRWN , KWLL AIRW&I H$BT HAXRWNH , MWKIXIM 
$HPSD ZH AINW MQRI AW XD - P&MI , ALA HIH LTWP&H MTM$KT WKNRAH QBW&H . 
I$RAL HC@RPH LMDINWT HM&RB $MTQ$WT LH$LI@ XWQ WSDR BXWCWTIHN WLHGN &L 
TW$BIHN MPNI PGI&WT WHTNKLWIWT ALIMWT . BMXLQT HMDINH BWWA$ING@WN AMRH 
LI , LPNI $B& $NIM , PQIDH ( LA IHWDIIH ) $SIIMH $IRWT DIPLWM@I MMW$K 
BI$RAL , KI M&WLM BXIIH LA X$H B@WXH WMWGNH KMW B$NWT $IRWTH BTL - ABIB . 
ZW LA HITH AMIRH CIWNIT ; ZW HITH QBI&H &NIINIT . HAI$H , AMRIQAIT 
AWPIINIT , $HTWWD&H AL AWRX HXIIM HI$RALI , XZRH HBITH WHIA NW$AT &MH 
XWWIH XZQH : HRXWB HI$RALI LA AIIM &LIH . HIA HTRGLH LHLK BLILH LLA 
MWRA . HIA LA X$$H KL HZMN LXIIH . KA$R $BH LWW$ING@WN , NALCH L$NWT 
BBT - AXT AT DPWSI HTNHGWTH . $WB NTQPH BMTX WBDRIKWT , KMW LPNI CATH 
LI$RAL , W$WB X$H KI XIIH NTWNIM BSKNH &L KL C&D W$&L . I$RAL LA HITH 
$WBK IWNIM BAWTH TQWPH . ALH HIW IMI HXRDH WHDIKAWN $L MLXMT LBNWN , 
WBKL ZAT DIPLWM@IT AMRIQAIT X$H KAN MWGNT WB@WXH LAIN &RWK MA$R BARC MWLDTH . 
WHIA AINH ZN NDIR : KK X$BW AMRIQAIM RBIM $HTWWD&W , BMRWCT $NWT QIWM 
HMDINH , LXWIIT HXIIM HI$RALIT . HRBH LA H$TNH L@WBH BARCWT - HBRIT 
MAZ , WT&ID HC&TW HAXRWNH $L RA$ &IRIIT WW$ING@WN LH@IL &WCR &L H&IR 
MDI LILH KDI LNSWT WLBLWM AT &QWMT M&$I HRCX . HAMRIQAIM MWSIPIM LIIXL 
LM$@R $L XWQ WSDR , $ISIR M&LIHM AT HAIWM HIWM - IWMI &L XIIHM . SISMH 
ZW , $L XWQ WSDR , HITH LMRKIB MRKZI GM BSDR IWMM $L &MIM AXRIM BM&RB . 
HTRXBWT HP$& WHALIMWT , WNIKWRH $L AWKLWSIIT H$WLIIM ( BTWKH MHGRIM 
RBIM ) MHZRM HMRKZI WM&RKIW , ICRW AWWIRH $L AIWM &L XII HPR@ . &D 
LAXRWNH HITH I$RAL P@WRH M&WN$ ZH . ALIMWT WP$& HTP$@W GM KAN , ABL 
BKL ZAT N$MR AIZH TIXWM BIN HSKNWT $MQWRN BP&WLWT H&WLM HTXTWN LHWWI 
HXIIM $L HAZRX HQ@N . AMNM , PGI&T HPR@ GDLH KKL $HTPTXW GM ACLNW DPWSI 
HXIIM $BMDINWT HM&RB , ABL HXBRH HI$RALIT HCLIXH L$MWR AIK$HW &L ITRWN 
IXSI BTXWM ZH . AN$IM HWSIPW LHRGI$ KI AP$R LLKT BLILH BRXWBWT H&RIM 
MBLI LXW$ MAWIMIM , WMKL MQWM , HWSIPW LHAMIN $BITM HWA MBCRM . KL ZH 
N&LM BTQWPH HAXRWNH . HAIWM HQIWMI GDL LMMDIM XMWRIM WTXW$T HSKNH L&CM 
HXIIM HXRIPH &$RT MWNIM . ADM $WLX AT BTW BBWQR WAINW IWD& AM LA AWRB 
LH SKIN . AI$ IWCA L&BWDTW WAINW IWD& AM LA IITQL BABN , BBQBWQ TB&RH , 
WAWLI BA$ XIH . A$H PWTXT AT DLT BITH WAINH B@WXH $H&WMD MWLH LA INIP 
&LIH GRZN . HSKNH AINH RQ MCD &RBIM WAINH LWB$T RQ CWRH $L HIX$PT LHTMWDDWT 
PNIM AL PNIM MWL SKIN $LWPH ; HAIWM N$QP GM MCD IHWDIM SW&RIM HMMLAIM 
AT HXWCWT BHPGNWT PRW&WT , HMCIPWT AT HPR@ BBHLH . ZH AINW PXD $WWA ; 
ALIMWT HASPSWP ( XRDIM B$MWAL HNBIA , TW$BIM BDRK XBRWN , AN$I KHNA 
BGB&T $AWL ) MITRGMT LDQIRWT , RGIMWT W$RIPWT . HQWRBNWT HM &RBIM , 
$MALNIM , &ITWNAIM WGM AN$I IMIN , $BRG& $L HTLHMWT AINM NW$AIM XN 
B&INI HMTPR&IM . HXIIM KAN HWPKIM LQ$IM MAWD . LAIWM HQIWMI HMTMID , 
HAWPP AT HMDINH MAZ NWSDH ( W$QIBL HMX$H NWIRW@IT &M XLWQT MSIKWT HGZ ) 
, LXWL$WTIH HKLKLIWT WHAXRWT , NWSPH B$BW&WT HAXRWNIM MW&QH XD$H . 
HSIKWI LHIQL& LM&RBWLT $L HPGNH ALIMH , LHIWT AXD MQWRBNWTIH , AW LHIMCA 
XSR AWNIM MWL SKINAI &RBI , $WB AINW HZIH PRNWAIDIT ALA HSTBRWT MM$IT . 
MCWQH ZW HIA B&IQR NXLTM $L HIRW$LMIM BRG& ZH , WLKN &DIIN NIDXT 
B$IMT LBM $L KLI HTQ$WRT , ABL HIA TGI& GM LTL - ABIB . L@RWR WLHTLHMWT 
I$ @B& MIDBQ . T$WBTW $L $MIR &L HSKINAWT HPL$TINIT HIA LXC &L HM$@RH 
LBLWM AWTH , WDBRI &IDWD ( KK HM NRAIM B&INIW ) LCIBWR BNWSX : AL 
NIPWL BRWXNW . T$WBTW LHTPR&WIWT HASPSWP HIHWDI HIA DBRI KIBW$IN ( KK 
HM NRAIM B&INIW ) BNWSX : ZH LA IPH ZH &WZR LAWIB WMQLQL AT HTDMIT . 
RA$ HMM$LH AINW IWD& , AW $HWA M&MID PNIM $AINW IWD& , $HM$@RH NWPLT 
MHRGLIIM , $$WM M$@RH AIN BKWXH LMNW& M&$I HRG W@BX MCD RBBWT RWCXIM 
PW@NCIALIIM $I$ LHM X$BWN ( LRBIM MHM , X$BWN AI$I MM$ , KWLL GAWLT 
DM ) &M HCIBWR HI$RALI W$LIXIW B$@XIM . RA$ HMM$LH AINW IWD& , AW $HWA 
M&MID PNIM $AINW IWD& , $HWA XSR AT HSMKWT HAI$IT WAT IWQRT HMNHIGWT 
LH$PI& BNAWMIM &L HCIBWR HRXB , BWWDAI &L MGZRIW HSHRWRIIM . HWA MT&LM 
MKK $AXDIM MXBRIW LMM$LH WLKNST , WBAXD HMQRIM HWA &CMW , BTGWBWTIHM 
&L M&$I RCX $L PL$TINAIM , DIRBNW AT H$BAB HIHWDI L&$WT $P@IM B&RBIM 
BA$R HM , HIINW : LMLA AT HRXWBWT BALIMWT . NQWDT ARKIMDS LII$WB HSTIRWT 
WLSILWQ HAIWM HIA PTRWN HSKSWK HI$RALI - HPL$TINI . TWCAH RCWIH ZW AP$RIT 
RQ TMWRT MXIR $ICXQ $MIR AINW MWKN L$LM . HWAIL WKK , I&KIRW XIINW WIIHPKW 
LM&IQIM . HITRWNWT HIXSIIM $L AWRX XIINW N&LMIM WHWLKIM W&MM NMWG KWX 
HM$IKH $L HMDINH . 

* 

AI$ H&SQIM &ZRA BLILIWS , B&LIH $L SWKNWT MRCDS BIRW$LIM , I$QI& BIXD 
&M XBRT HH$Q&WT QMWR K6 MILIWN DWLR BHQMT MBNH M$RDIM XD$ BRXWB HMSGR 
BTL - ABIB . HBNIIN HMTWKNN IHIH B$@X $L 11 ALP M"R . HMXIR AINW KWLL 
AT &LWTW $L HMGR$ , HM$TR& &L $@X $L 52 . 2 DWNM . &LWT HQMTM $L BNIINI 
M$RDIM MGI&H KIWM LK056 DWLR LM"R LPXWT BRMT HGIMWR HBSISIT BIWTR , 
KA$R RMT HGIMWR HGBWHH BIWTR &$WIH LHGI& LK009 DWLR LM"R . XLQW $L BLILIWS 
BPRWIQ@ MGI& L%06 , WXLQH $L XBRT QMWR , HMTKNNT LPRSM BIMIM HQRWBIM 
T$QIP LGIWS HWN , IHIH % 04 . XBRT QMWR , B$LI@T AHRN AXI&Z WDN BRNR , 
HGDILH AT H$Q&WTIH B&NP HNDL"N B$NT 0991 BK83 . 1 MILIWN DWLR . HXBRH 
RK$H $@XIM NWSPIM BBNIIN HXBRH BRXWB HMSGR 21 BTL - ABIB , WKN % 04 MHMGR$ 
&LIW IIBNH HBNIIN HXD$ . HHKNSH H$NTIT M$KR DIRH &BWR H$@XIM $NRK$W MGI&H 
L09 ALP DWLR . 

* 

I&IL B&IQR LDLTWT KBDWT MAWD $NSGRWT WLA NPTXWT . " BWLM DLT KNISH " 
&$WI M$NI XLQIM $NKNSIM HAXD BTWK H$NI . KA$R HBWLM MQBL MKH XZQH , 
KLWMR K$HDLT N@RQT , IWCA PIN Q@N $AINW MAP$R LXLQIM LHIKNS ZH LTWK 
ZH . KK HWA MXZIQ AT HDLT $LA TISGR BPTAWMIWT . MXIR : 09 . 61 $"X . 
. SWGR MPLS@IQ $"MTLB$ " &L $NI XLQI HMQRR , KMW MN&WL BI@XWN $L DLT 
KNISH . MXIR : 08 . 4 $"X . . ALH HM ARB&H XLQIM MPLS@IQ $CWRTM M&WGLT , 
BCB&I LBN AW XWM , $"MTLB$IM " &L HPINWT HXDWT ( AP$R &M DBQ ) WIWCRIM 
PINWT M&WGLWT . MXIR : 09 . 9 $"X LARB&H XLQIM . I&IL B&IQR LMGIRH 
AW LARWN $MAWKSNIM BW XWMRI NIQWI AW TRWPWT . TPS $MXZIQ AT HMGIRH WMAP$R 
PTIXH &D $NI S"M BLBD . KDI LPTWX AT HMGIRH I$ LHKNIS AT HID WL$XRR 
AT HXLQ HTWPS . MXIR : 08 . 7 $"X LARIZH $L $LW$ IXIDWT . LTWK $NI 
HXWRIM B$Q& $BHM I$ ZRIMT X$ML , NKNS PLS@IQ HAW@M AWTM . K$RWCIM LH$TM$ 
B$Q& MWCIAIM AT HMGN . MXIR : 09 . 3 $"X LARIZH $L XM$ IXIDWT . &WBD 
&L SWLLH . BRG& $I$ &$N BBIT MTXIL HGLAI LCPCP KMW AZ&QH , WMPSIQ 
RQ AXRI $LWXCIM &L MPSQ . 74 $"X . ARB& @B&WT PTWXWT BCD AXD WTWPSN 
BCD H$NI MTLB$IM &L $LBI HMI@H WTWPSIM AT H$MIKH , KDI LHB@IX $HILD IHIH 
MKWSH KL HLILH . HXISRWN HIXID HWA ACL ILDIM P&ILIM $MSTWBBIM BM$K H$INH . 
AZ QIIMT SKNH $HILD IIKNS AL MTXT L$MIKH HQBW&H WLA IWKL LN$WM . MXIR 
5 . 4 $"X . R$T KWTNH HMTXBRT &L GB $NI HMW$BIM HQDMIIM WAINH MAP$RT 
LILD L&BWR MHSPSL HAXWRI LXLQ HQDMI $L HMKWNIT . AM HILD &WMD , XWSMT 
B&DW HR$T MLIPWL &L IDIT HHILWKIM . MXIR : 94 $"X . SR@ RXB $NCMD 
B&ZRT SR@I HDBQH LIDW $L HHWRH BCD AXD WLIDW $L HILD BCD H$NI . BINIHM 
MXWBR SLIL DMWI XW@ @LPWN , WKK AP$R LLKT &M HILD BLI LDAWG $HWA IRWC 
LKBI$ . LA KL - KK AST@I ABL I&IL . MXIR : 09 . 42 $"X . MZRN NWSP 
( MTXBR LKISA HB@IXWT ) B&L $WLIIM MRWPDIM HTWMK BRA$W $L HTINWQ BZMN 
NSI&H . MXIR : 32 $"X . LBTIM $I$ BHM MDRGWT AW MQWMWT $M&DIPIM LSGWR 
AWTM BPNI HILDIM . ALH GDRWT MTQPLWT , &$WIWT PLS@IQ AW &C , HMTXBRWT 
BWWAQWM AW B&ZRT BRGIM LQIR AW LM$QWP . ILD AINW IKWL LPTWX AWTN . HN 
I&ILWT RQ BMQWMWT $AINM B$IMW$ , KI PTIXT HR$T WSGIRTH AINN NWXWT . 
411021 $"X . AWR Q@N $DWLQ KL HLILH , WMAP$R @IPWL BTINWQ . ZWHI 
TAWRT XIRWM BMQRH $L HPSQT X$ML , HPW&LT &L SWLLH N@&NT . I$ GM PNS 
Q@N &M TAWRT HLWGN . 56 $"X . 

* 

$WQ HNDL"N M$WTQ MAZ NWD&H HXL@T MINHL MQRQ&I I$RAL LHCIP AT H$WQ BQRQ&WT , 
BM@RH LHBIA LHPXTH $L HMXIRIM BK%05 . &SQWT RBWT $&MDW LHTBC& MT&KBWT , 
WHDIWNIM &L &SQWT XD$WT MTQIIMIM B&CLTIIM . HKL MNSIM LH&RIK AT HH$LKWT 
$IHIW LC&DI HMINHL &L MXIRI HQRQ& WHNDL"N . B&LI QRQ&WT WMBNIM B$LBI BNIIH 
$WNIM @W&NIM KI LHXL@T HMINHL LA THIH H$P&H BMQWMWT KMW TL - ABIB WSBIBTH 
$M AIN LMINHL MLAI GDWL $L QRQ& . &M ZAT , GWRMIM AXRIM M&RIKIM $HMXIRIM 
IW$P&W MC&D ZH GM BAZWRIM KMW TL - ABIB . C&DI HMINHL IKWLIM LGRWM LKK 
$B&LI DIRWT BTL - ABIB I&DIPW LMKWR AT DIRWTIHM B&IR WLBNWT B&CMM &L QRQ& 
MWZLT $IRK$W MHMINHL , WHDBR IBIA LHPXTT MXIRIM GM BAZWRIM $BHM AIN LMINHL 
QRQ&WT . GM HN@IIH L$XRR LBNIIH QRQ&WT XQLAIWT BAZWRIM $WNIM BARC T$PI& 
KNRAH &L HMXIRIM . GWRMIM $WNIM $RK$W QRQ&WT MMINHL MQRQ&I I$RAL BTQWPH 
HAXRWNH BMXIRIM MLAIM HXLW LDRW$ K&T LPCWTM &QB HHXL@H LHPXIT AT MXIRI 
HQRQ& . DWR$I HPICWI HM IZMIM WXBRWT BNIIH , WKN GWRMIM PR@IIM $XKRW 
QRQ&WT BMSGRT TWKNIWT BNH BITK . BMINHL MQRQ&I I$RAL HWQM CWWT $HXL LBDWQ 
AT HNW$A . MNHL HMINHL , GD&WN WITQWN , AMR KI HHXL@WT B&NIIN ITQBLW 
TWK ZMN QCR . HWA HWSIP : " HHXL@H LHWZIL AT HQRQ& HITH QLH L&WMT HHXL@H 
HCPWIH K&T BQ$R L@IPWL BPNIWT B&LI HQRQ& LPCWTM " . QPIDBINIZMIM MCIINIM 
KI HMCB $NWCR LA I$PI& BAWPN MHWTI , MAXR $MXIRI HQRQ& KBR &LW BXWD$IM 
HAXRWNIM B&$RWT AXWZIM BMQWMWT $WNIM BARC , KK $HHXL@H $L HMINHL T$PI& 
RQ BAWPN MWGBL &L MXIRI H$WQ . MI $IIPG&W B&IQR MHHXL@H HM ALH $BIC&W 
&SQWT LAXRWNH KA$R MXIRI HQRQ& HIW B$IA . HIZMIM GM MTQ$IM LH&RIK AT H$LKWT 
HXL@T HMINHL LA LPRSM IWTR MKRZIM &M MXIRI MINIMWM &L MXIRI HQRQ& . LAXR 
I$IBT MW&CT MINHL MQRQ&I I$RAL , MSR WITQWN , KI HMKRZIM H&TIDIIM IHIW 
KWLM BLA LNQWB MXIR MINIMWM . WITQWN HSBIR $HITH ZW HXL@T MW&CT HMINHL 
LHCIP BQRQ&WT AT $WQ HNDL"N BMSGRT HMDINIWT LHBIA LHPXTT MXIRIM . &M ZAT 
AMR MNHL MINHL MQRQ&I I$RAL KI HWA LA IKWL LH&RIK AIZH H$P&H THIH LHCPH 
BQRQ&WT &L $WQ HNDL"N . 

* 

A$R RWPAIM WMWMXI - TZWNH I&CW LNW LPNI &$WR LHM&I@ BAKILT B$R ADWM , 
LA &LH BD&TM $NMIR MZWN ZH B&WP CLWI , BPILH DGIM , BRW@B @R@R WBSL@IM 
NW@PI RW@BIM HRWWIIM B$WMN . AZ , BMQWM AWMCH &SISIT HZMNW SL@ , BLI 
L$IM LB $HR@BIM H&$IRIM MB@LIM AT &RKW HDIA@@I $L HSL@ . MNTWNI CRIKT 
HMZWN $NASPW BM$RD HXQLAWT BARH"B , &WLH KI HAMRIQAIM HGDILW AT CRIKT 
H$MNIM LSL@ WLBI$WL M$B&H Q"G LNP$ B7691 L41 Q"G B8891 . LHLN MB@ X@WP 
&L H&RMWMIIM $BMZWNWT HBRIAWT W&L HGWRMIM HPSIKWLWGIIM $&LWLIM L&RPL AT 
KW$R H$IPW@ $LNW . XBLNI - DIA@H HM BDRK - KLL MZWNWT HNMCAIM BMQWM GBWH 
BR$IMT HMZWNWT HMZINIM WHBRIAIM , $MKINIM AWTM B$I@WT &TIRWT - $WMN AW 
MCMIDIM ALIHM RKIBIM &$IRI - $WMN . I$ AN$IM HSBWRIM $QRWASWN &M B$R 
HWDW AW KRIK @WNH ZW ARWXT - CHRIIM QLH WBRIAH . NQNIQIWT - &WP HN HTG$MWT 
HXLWM $L XWBB GRIL HSWBL M&WDP - $WMN . AWLM HQRWASWN HM$WX B$KBH &BH 
$L XMAH MB@L LGMRI AT M&MDW HDL - $WMN $L B$R HHWDW ; WHNQNIQIWT , $HRKIB 
H&IQRI $LHN HWA B$R &WP , MKILWT % 07 $WMN . MZWN MHIR M@&H BMIWXD : 
KRIKI DGIM , $BMQRIM RBIM M@WGNIM &M PIRWRI LXM WMTWBLIM BRW@B @R@R , 
MKILIM K500 QLWRIWT $MXCITN $WMN ; MNH BT $$H NTXI - &WP MKILH 092 QLWRIWT 
W%15 $WMN . BWRGR &M XSH , &GBNIH WQ@$WP MKIL % 33 $WMN WRQ 062 QLWRIWT . 
HMZWNWT HLLW MKILIM KMWT NKBDH $L $WMN BLTI - RWWI , HMGDIL AT KMWT HKWLS@RWL 
BDM . SWBIN $L $IBWLT - $W&L , HMQ@IN AT TKWLT HKWLS@RWL BDM , NMKR 
AP HWA BCWRWT MPWQPQWT , LM$L K$MKNISIM AWTW LBIRH WLSWPGNIWT . I$ &WGIWT 
SWBIN HMKILWT ARB& KPIWT $WMN . XNWIWT HMWKRWT MZWN BRIAWT M$M$WT BIT - 
MMKR AIDIALI LXBLNI - DIA@H . MZWNWT &RMWMIIM BIWTR HM @WGNI - @WR@IH 
( @WGNIM &$WIIM MQMX TIRS BNWSX MQSIQAI ) , $I$ BHM PXWT SWDH L$TIIH 
MA$R B@WGNIM AXRIM , AK HM &DIIN MKILIM % 25 $WMN . GM TKWLT H$WMN WHQLWRIWT 
$L XMAT BW@NIM " @B&IT " AINH NWPLT M$L ZW $NMKRT BMRKWL . SQRIM 
MLMDIM KI HAMRIQAIM N&$IM IWTR WIWTR MWD&IM LTZWNH NKWNH . MDW& APWA , 
QL KL - KK LH@&WT AT HCRKN K$HDBRIM AMWRIM BMZWN ? BMQRIM RBIM ANW 
HWLKIM $WLL AXR MH $MWDPS &L TWWIT HMZWN , AWMRT AWDWNH MATIWS , SGNIT 
N$IA L&NIINI CRKNWT BR$T HMRKWLIM " GAIIN@ PWDS " , $MRKZH BWWA$ING@WN . 
LMRWT HD&WT HQDWMWT , HMWNX " QL " AWLI Q$WR LCB&W $L HMZWN , AW L@&MW 
WLA LTKWLT H$WMN $LW . " LLA KWLS@RWL " MWDPS &L MZWNWT RBIM $AIN 
BHM KWLS@RWL M@B&M , AK I$ BHM HRBH $WMN , KMW XMAT BW@NIM WMRGRINH . 
&M ZAT , MWMXIM SBWRIM $HLHI@WT AXR HMZWNWT HLLW HIA HMAP$RT HWLKT 
$WLL . " AN$IM RBIM AINM MSWGLIM $LA LCRWK $WMN " , AWMR D"R ADM DRIWWNWBSQI , 
MNHL TWKNIT HTZWNH LBNI - ADM BBIT - HSPR LRPWAH CIBWRIT $L AWNIBRSI@T 
MI$IGN . " IITKN $HXIBH LMZWNWT ALH NRK$T BILDWTNW , KA$R HMBWGRIM 
M$TM$IM BMMTQIM &TIRI - $WMN KPRS . ACL AXWZ Q@N MN HAWKLWSIIH NWB&T 
HLHI@WT L$WMN WLSWKR MSIBWT PISIWT " . LDBRI HPSIKWLWG D"R GWN PWRII@ , 
MNHL HMRPAH LXQR HTZWNH BBIT - HSPR LRPWAH $L AWNIBRSI@T BIILWR , ANW 
PWNIM BMQRIM RBIM LMNGNWNI - HGNH PSIKWLWGIIM KDI LHCDIQ AKILT MZWNWT 
&TIRI $WMN . ANW MCDIQIM AKILT BNNH SPLI@ BAMIRH : " MGI& LI KI HSTPQTI 
BDG MAWDH &M BRWQWLI LCHRIIM " . HTWWIT HTZWNTIT HIA HRMZ H@WB BIWTR LMZWN 
&RMWMI . KDAI LHIZHR MMWCRIM $IWTR M%03 MN HQLWRIWT $LHM MQWRM B$WMN , 
AW KALH HMKILIM IWTR M$LW$H GRM $WMN &L KL 001 QLWRIWT . BDQW AT R$IMT 
HRKIBIM : AM $MN , MRGRINH AW XMAH NMCAIM BMQWM HRA$WN AW H$NI , ZH 
SIMN MWBHQ $HMZWN &$IR B$WMN . K$NTQLIM BMZWN BRIA BAMT , KMW 04 HDGNIM 
A$R BDIQWT H&LW $TKWLT HKWLS@RWL $BHM NMWKH , ASWR LX$WB $AKILTM TTIR 
L@RWP AXR - KK KL MZWN AXR . NXZWR LSWBIN $L $IBWLT - $W&L . LD&T D"R 
AWLIBR ALBS@R , MNHL HMKWN LMNI&T MXLWT BBIT - HXWLIM BAWNIBRSI@T GWRG 
BWWA$ING@WN , I$NM HMAMINIM $KA$R MZWN ZH KLWL BDIA@H , HM ZKAIM LAKWL 
BXWP$IWT MZWN &M $WMN RWWI , $HWA AXRAI , IWTR MKWLS@RWL DIA@@I , LH&LAT 
TKWLT HKWLS@RWL BDM WLGRIMT MXLWT - LB . HM MAMINIM $HSWBIN M$IBWLT - 
$W&L IGN &LIHM MN H$WMN . MI $XW@A MDI P&M BP&M BAKILT KMWT Q@NH $L MZWN 
MHIR &TIR - $WMN , LA I&R&R AT MAZN HQLWRIWT $LW . LDWGMH , KPIT AXT 
$L XMAT BW@NIM . IWGWR@ - PIRWT , GM ZH HMWGDR KDL - $WMN , HWA PXWT 
BRIA MIWGWR@ $AINW MKIL $WMN WA$R IKWL LXSWK K051 QLWRIWT &D $$H GRM $WMN . 
ABL GBI& AXD , MDI P&M BP&M , AIN BW KDI LHZIQ . 

* 

XBRT DWR ANRGIH PNTH BSWP H$BW& LBIT - M$P@ H$LWM , BTBI&H $IWRH LXBRT 
PZ LPNWT AT HCIWD $LH MTXNT HDLQ HMWP&LT &L - IDI DWR . HDIWN BTBI&H 
ITQIIM H$BW& . HTXNH BH MDWBR HIA TXNT " BNI DN " , HNMCAT BQRBT CWMT 
GHH . TXNH ZW HWP&LH B&BR &L - IDI XBRT PZ . DWR ANRGIH DWR$T LPNWT AT 
KL HCIWD $L PZ $NWTR BTXNH . L@&NTH , AM PZ LA TPNH AT HCIWD , IHIW 
B&LI HTXNH R$AIM LPNWTW B&CMM , &L X$BWN XBRT PZ . BKTB HTBI&H @&NH DWR 
ANRGIH KI " HMNI& HIXID H&WMD MAXWRI SIRWBH $L PZ LSLQ MHQRQ& AT HCIWD 
HMW$AL HINW NISIWNH LH&RIM Q$IIM &L DWR ANRGIH , WLSKL AT HP&LT TXNT 
HDLQ HCIBWRIT HIXIDH $L DWR " . MXBRT PZ NMSR BTGWBH , KI TBI&T DWR ANRGIH 
HIA QN@RNIT , WAINH RAWIH LHTIIXSWT . AN$I PZ @W&NIM KI BIT HM$P@ PSQ 
KI HMCB BTXNT BNI DN II$AR &L KNW , WLKN ASWR LDWR ANRGIH L$NWT AT HS@A@WS - 
QWW WLSLQ AT HM$ABWT . BPZ MMTINIM LPSIQH HSWPIT $L BIT HM$P@ BSWGIIH 
HAM B&LI HTXNH R$AIM LHTQ$R &M DWR ANRGIH . 

* 

MH HIH SWD KWXW $L MAIR KHNA HMNWX ? KICD HPK AI$ ZH , C&QN $L XWCWT , 
LRA$ HXC $L HIMIN HI$RALI . AMT , TWRH KTLMID XKM HWA ID& . WAMT , 
HWA HCIG &MDH XSRT KL P$RH , LLA PINH &GWLH , A$R M$KH LB RBIM HMXP$IM 
" ZBNG WGMRNW $L MWSMK LRBNWT . ABL BKL ALH AIN KDI LHSBIR AT &WCMTW . 
IITKN KI LAXR MWTW TMWT TNW&T " KK " MWWT @B&I , BAIN LH DMWT KDMWTW . 
MNHIG IXID BMINW BNWP HMNHIGIM $L I$RAL . M@IP KIKRWT WMWRH HLKH , 
AIDIAWLWG $$LX IDW BARGWN . SPQ AM PLGI XSIDIW IMCAW DBQ AXR $IHIH MSWGL 
LXBR IXD AT KL H@IRWPIM LKLL MSGRT AXT , WBAIN LHM GIIS KSPIM WM$LHB 
HMWNIM KMWHW , TTQ$H HHNHGH $BAH LIWR$W LMLA AT HXLL $HWTIR . ABL BKL 
ALH AIN NXMH . GWPW MT , QBRW QWD$ , ABL RWXW LA MTH ; NHPWK HWA . 
KHNA QRA TIGR &L HAIDIAWLWGIH $L KL HTNW&WT HPWLI@IWT BARC HXRDIM , 
HXILWNIM , HCIWNIM WHCIWNIM HDTIIM . HWA MCA AT NQWDWT HXWL$H WTQP LLA 
RXM ; AT HXRDIM HWA TQP BN$Q HCIWNWT . LIGLG &LIHM &L TPIST HGAWLH HPASIWWIT 
$LHM , &L HXIKIWN HXSR TWXLT LM$IX $IBWA , &L $LILTM AT MDINT I$RAL . 
AT HM$IX HWA RCH BKL MAWDW , WL$M KK &$H HKL KDI LHXI$ AT BWAW BDRK 
HM$IXIWT HAQ@IWWIT . AT HXILWNIM LGWNIHM TQP B$L NITWQM WNIKWRM MMSWRT 
I$RAL . B&IDN &LIIT HPWNDMN@LIZM HMSWRTI BI$RAL , &T MNHIGI HCIWNWT 
HXILWNIT LA IWD&IM CWRT AWT IHWDIT WMTQ$IM LHBXIN BIN QDI$ LQIDW$ , BA 
KHNA WAMR ZW &T HMNHIGWT HDTIT , TLMID WMNHIG PWLI@I AINM &WD TRTI DSTRI . 
GM NGD HCIWNWT HDTIT HWA ICA XWCC . HWA PIRQ LGWRMIH AT HSINTIZH HQLASIT 
$L TWRH &M DRK ARC , TWRH W&BWDH , WAMR : TWRH KN , DRK ARC LA WLA . 
HWA BZ LSINTIZT HP$RNWT WSGD LTIZH HQICWNIT AW LAN@I - TIZH HQICWNIT 
MMNH . LA PLA $NWCRH QWALICIH , $P&LH LHWCIAW AL MXWC LXWQ ; KBIKWL 
BHIWTW BXWC , AIN HWA QIIM KLL . QL HIH LNCIGI AIDIAWLWGIWT ALH LA 
LHTMWDD &M ATGRI HAMT $HCIB BPNIHM . MB@ &L HNWP HANW$I $BA LLWWTW BDRKW 
HAXRWNH M$QP NAMNH AT XTK TWMKIW HP&ILIM AW AWHDIW HSBILIM . ALPI MGB&WT 
$XWRWT $L ABRKIM , XRDI IRW$LIM , IM $L KIPWT SRWGWT WHMWNI &M , HXILWNIM 
BXIIHM WMSWRTIIM BTWD&TM . KL ALH $X$W $I$ BKHNA AWTW M$HW $XSR LHM BPWRW$ , 
BPRS , B$MIR AW BHMR ; H&WBDH $AINW &@WP BKLWM , B$WM M&RKT RISWN 
AW HGNH . HWA B&BWRM GM HICR H@WB WGM HICR HR& . II$WM HKTWB WHMDR$ 
" WAHBT AT H$M ALHIK BKL LBBK B$NI ICRIK " . AL TA$IMW AT KHNA B$@XIWT 
ZAT MLAKH QLH MDI . HKHNAWT ( BI@WI $@B& PRWP RBICQI ) HIA TWRH $L 
MM$ , H$WAPT AL HGAWLH HM$IXIT . . HNWKXWT H&RBIT &L ADMT HQWD$ AINH 
B&IH BI@XWNIT GRIDA . &CM QIWMH HWA PGI&H BIKWLT $L &M I$RAL LHGI& AL 
H$LMWT HDTIT . KI " &RBII I$RAL MHWWIM XILWL H$M BM&RWMIW . AI H$LMTM 
&M RIBWNWT HIHWDIM &L ARC I$RAL MHWWH DXIIT RIBWNWT ALWHI I$RAL WMLKWTW . 
. . HRXQTM MN HARC . . . HIA &NIIN DTI , XWBH DTIT , MCWWH LMXWT 
XILWL H$M " . . &WLM HZRIM $L KHNA LA HTMCH M&WLM BZR H&RBI . DWMH KI 
KL XIIW $AP KHNA LHGI& L&IMWT HKRXI WSWPI BIN &M I$RAL LBIN $AR H&WLM . 
BMW IDIW NISH LMM$ AT MLXMT H&WLMWT $L AXRIT HIMIM , DXP AT GWG LQRAT 
MGWG , NISH LGRWR AT ALHIM LTWK HQLXT , AWLI KDI LHKRIX AWTW LCAT MMXBWAIW 
WLHWPI& BPW&L &L BMT HHIS@WRIH ; BAWMRW : " H&WLM ? HAWMWT MAWXDWT 
AW MPWLGWT ? MH X$IBWTN LNWKX HKL IKWL ? . . . MDINT I$RAL . . . 
HIA ID H$M RMH WNI$AT . . . HIA AINH ICIRH PWLI@IT . . . HIA ICIRH 
DTIT . . . HRIHI TXILT K&SW $L H$M , NQMTW BGWIIM $HT&LMW MQIWMW , 
BZW LW WXIRPW AWTW . . . ABL ZAT RQ RA$IT HTHLIK " . L$M ALH HTQW@@ 
KHNA KL IMIW &M HAWIB HGWI , $XWRIM , RWSIM , &RBIM WAMRIQAIM . . 
M&@IM MXSIDIW H$W@IM $L KHNA ID&W KI HM &CMM , HM$M$IM LW MNWP LHG$MT 
MDINIWT HGAWLH HBRW@LIT , IHPKW B$LB HBA I&D LZ&MW WM@RH LPGI&TW HR&H . 
KMI $RCH L@HR AT KL SBIBWTIW M@WMAH WPG& , HWA HIH ANWS BSWPW $L DBR 
LHKRIZ MLXMT XWRMH &L HIHWDIM HMTIIWWNIM . AT HXILWNIM HGDIR LA AXT K"GWIM 
DWBRI &BRIT " W"IHWDIM GWIIM " . B&BWRW HM HIW AIWM $L MM$ &L $LMWT 
IHDWTW . " HXILWNIM HLIBRLIM , HDWXIM AT A$R AINW MTQBL &L D&TM HMTBWLLT 
HGWIIT " HCIBW MWLW " AWRX XIIM " $&LIW HKRIZ " MLXMH $L MM$ . HWA 
RAH BMTIIWWNIM AWIBIM , WHIH MWKN LCAT LMLXMT AXIM B$M AHBT H&M , AHBT 
HARC WAHBT H$M . RBIM MATNW NW@IM LZLZL BKHNA ; QL LWMR &LIW $HWA MXWC 
LGDR , HWA AINW IHWDI , WAIN LK @&WT GDWL MZW . HWA XI WICR KIHWDI 
HIWCR MQRB &WMQH $L HIHDWT . BMHLKN $L ALPI $NWT CIWWILIZCIH IHWDIT NWCRW 
BH GM PINWT APLWT W$LILIWT . BTRBWT $I$ LH " $B&IM PNIM " QIIM TMID 
MABQ BLTI PWSQ BIN HHGIWNI LM@WRP , BIN HQICWNI LMTWN , BIN H$LILI LXIWBI . 
KHNA HIH QICWNI W$LILI , $NBNH MXWL$TH HMDHIMH $L HIHDWT HHGIWNIT , 
HMTWNH WHXIWBIT . MQWBLT &LI &DWTW : " ANI AWHB AT H&M HIHWDI WAT MDINT 
HIHWDIM . &L KN DBRI ALH . ANI MSWR LIHDWT WL&RKIM IHWDIIM AMITIIM , 
WKL MLH . . . &M KL XWSR HN&IMWT $HDBR &LWL LGRWM LRBIM . . . HIA 
IHDWT " . HAM I$ BNW HKWXWT LHXZIR AT RWXW AL HBQBWQ , LHRXIQ AWTH MN 
HBMH AL $WLI HTWD&H HLAWMIT ? AW $MA KBR MWDPSWT MWD&WT HABL LLWWIWT 
QWRBNWT RWXW WTWRTW , $I&LW QWRBN &L MZBX NQMTW ? 

* 

XBRT AL - &L ZKTH BMKRZ LH@ST IIN HBWZWLH ( IIN HHILWLIM ) HCRPTI MAIRWPH 
LCPWN AMRIQH . DWBR HXBRH MSR ATMWL , KI AL - &L T@IS B@ISH MIWXDT 001 
ALP BQBWQI IIN MBRISL BIRT BLGIH L@WRWN@W BQNDH , WB@ISH NWSPT T@IS KMWT 
ZHH $L BQBWQI IIN MAMS@RDM BHWLND L$IQGW . LDBRIW , ZW H$NH HXMI$IT 
$BH ZWKH AL - &L BMKRZ LH@ST HIIN . 

* 

L IWXSH B&ITWNWT LRWNI MILWA HKWWNH LH@IL XWBT GIWS LM$MR HAZRXI &L KLL 
HCIBWR . &DIIN LA GWB$W KL PR@I HHC&H , NAMR , ABL $R HM$@RH AMWR LHCIG 
AWTH " BAXT MI$IBWTIH HQRWBWT $L HMM$LH " ( " IDI&WT AXRWNWT " ) . 
IDI&H ZAT LA HWKX$H BMHLK HIWM , WBMHDWRT HM$DR " &RB XD$ " HWKRZ $R 
HXINWK , ZBWLWN HMR , KB&L HIWZMH . H$R HMR AP HCIG AT &QRWNWT HTWKNIT 
BPWMBI WHBI& TQWWH , KI TAWMC BHQDM . HMR MSR &L R&IWN HMWGBL BINTIIM 
LPRQ ZMN $L $NH AXT , $BH IGWISW &L PI CW XIILIM M$WXRRIM WAN$I MILWAIM 
$LA MICW AT MKST HT&SWQH BIXIDWTIHM L$RT B$MIRH &L HBI@XWN BXWCWT WBNQWDWT 
TWRPH , BIN H$AR BMWSDWT XINWK . NXWC LHTRI& BLA DIXWI NGD HG$MT HR&IWN 
HZH . I&ILWTW $L HM$MR HAZRXI MW@LT MMILA BSPQ ; NIPWXW BH@LT GIWS 
XWBH &L KLL HCIBWR WDAI LA I$PR AT RMT HBICW& $LW . AM TWG$ LMM$LH AP 
GRSTW HMCWMCMT $L HR&IWN , PIRW$ HDBR KI &WL $IRWT HMILWAIM , HM&IQ 
&L MAWT ALPI AI$ , MWCIA AWTM TKWPWT M&BWDTM WMQPX BMQRIM RBIM AT PRNSTM , 
IHIH KBD &WD IWTR . @W&H H$R HMR BSWBRW , KI AN$I HMILWAIM IQBLW HKBDH 
ZAT $L H&WMS BLA MXAH . GM HM&SIQIM CPWIIM $LA LH$LIM &M HTWSPT HZAT 
LNZQIM , A$R $IRWT HMILWAIM $L RWB H&WBDIM M&MIS &L MQWMWT H&BWDH . HM$MR 
HAZRXI BMTKWNTW HQIIMT ZKH LBIQWRT BMRWCT H$NIM , BIN H$AR BGLL &LWT 
HMNGNWN $LW WM$WM $$IM$ L&TIM KSWT LM&$I $I@WR XWBBNIIM WMSWKNIM . BRWR , 
$KDI LHG$IM AT R&IWNW $L $R HXINWK I$ LHQIM MNGNWN &NQI $L KWXWT MIWN , 
HK$RH , PIQWD WTP&WL A$R IXLW$ &L HBICW& . I$ GM MQWM LPQPQ , AM 
M$@RT I$RAL A$R HM$MR HAZRXI NTWN LMRWTH THIH MSWGLT LQLW@ MSPR RB $L 
AN$IM NWSPIM , LHDRIK AWTM LMILWI TPQIDIM M$@RTIIM - IIXWDIIM WLPQX &LIHM 
KIAWT . CH"L MTQ$H LLMD AT AN$IW $LA LMHR LLXWC &L HHDQ , WLA P&M NK$L 
BM$IMH $L $INWN HHWRAWT HMGBILWT AT HPTIXH BA$ . MN HM$@RH AIN LCPWT 
LHCLXH RBH IWTR . WAM XIILI SDIR L$&BR IQBLW N$Q LIDIHM , CRIK LX$W$ 
PN IIXPZW LH$TM$ BW . BAWWIRT HX$DNWT $H$TRRH BCIBWR HIHWDI &RBIM &LWLIM 
LIHRG BLI SIBH , WIHWDIM &LWLIM LIHRG B$WGG . TXW$T XWSR BI@XWN HTXILH 
LH$TL@ &L HCIBWR HIHWDI . HIA MWRG$T BMIWXD BIRW$LIM , ABL $WM MQWM 
AINW XSIN &TH ML$M$ ZIRH LM&$I HTNQ$WT $L PL$TINAIM BIHWDIM . &L RQ& 
ZH HWLKIM WMTRBIM QWLWT , HQWRAIM LHGBRT HBI@XWN H$W@P BTWK HQW HIRWQ . 
ABL GM TKIPWT RBH IWTR $L SIWRIM AINH TRWPT PLA . HNH &RBI C&IR TW$B 
$KM H&Z LTQWP AT H$W@R &WPR XGBI , A$R SIIR BXWCWT IRW$LIM &M $LW$H $W@RIM 
AXRIM ; XBWRH $L ARB&H $W@RIM LA HRTI&H AT HMTNQ$ MHG$MT MZIMTW . RIBWI 
HHTNPLWIWT M&MID AT HMM$LH BPNI B&IH Q$H . HIA XIIBT LHB@IX AT BI@XWN 
KL HAZRXIM , WAIN BIDIH MK$IR MTAIM LQIWM HTPQID ZWLT HM$@RH . @B&I , 
KBIKWL , LXP$ KLI $BKWXW LSII& LM$@RH , WH&IN PWNH AL HM$MR HAZRXI . 
ABL BNSIBWT HNTWNWT AIN TGBWRW IKWL LHW&IL . I$ HMTXILIM LHBIN &TH , 
KI RIBWI HHTNQ$WIWT HRCXNIWT $L &RBIM BIHWDIM HWA TWCAH $L MDINIWT MM$LTIT 
MW@&IT . ABL B&WD HM MWDIM BCWRK LXTWR LPTRWN MDINI , HM DBQIM BDRI$H , 
KI " &D AZ " HMM$LH MWKRXH LMNW& RCIXWT . DRI$H ZAT RQ MWKIXH , KI 
@RM HGI&W &D $WR$ HB&IH . HHTQWMMWT B$@XIM , $LA D&KH BM$K $LW$ $NIM 
KM&@ , MXLXLT LTWK I$RAL . WMH $CH"L LA HCLIX L&$WT LA HM$@RH WLA HM$MR 
HAZRXI LA IWKLW LXWLL . MM$LH $AINH MWKNH LHIPRD MHSISMH $L ARC - I$RAL 
H$LMH , MIIBAT LTWK HMDINH AT HMTNQ$IM M&ZH , M$KM , M&BDIH WMGNIN . 


* 

, KI AINW MTKWWN LLKT LHLWWIH . " AINNI MKIR AT HAI$ , HWA LA MHXWG 
HXBRTI $LI . AIN LNW RQ& M$WTP WH$QPWT M$WTPWT . ANI HWLK LHLWWIWT $L 
AN$IM $HKRTI , $L XBRIM $LI , AW $L AN$IM $ANI X$ $MQWMI ATM . MQWMI 
HWA LA BHLWWIH HZAT " , AMR . LA &BRW $LW$ $&WT W&$RIM DQWT , WZABI HPWLI@IQAI 
X$ LPT& $MQWMW H@B&I HWA RQ BHR HMNWXWT . @RMPIS@ , C&QW LW $M , WHWA 
SWLQ BBW$T PNIM , GWRR M$M GM AT X"K MHLIKWD . BIWM $$I HAXRWN HWPI& 
ZABI BBIT - HSPR HTIKWN &IRWNI D BCPWN TL - ABIB . LMNHL HTGNB X$$ , 
$AWTW PR$ BPNI , $HWZMN L$M IWM QWDM LKN . ANI IWD& $BZMN HAXRWN , 
AMR LW , $TLMIDIM NW@IM LLKT AXRI ZABI WLHTR$M MHSIPWRIM $LW . BWRG 
SIPR LW , $LKL BIT - SPR $HWA MGI& AWMRIM LW , $ZABI HIH $M AW $ZABI 
IHIH $M . D&WTIW $L DGNI IDW&WT . LPNI KMH XWD$IM HGI$ ZABI $AILTH BKNST 
L$R HXINWK , WBH HTLWNN $MNHL TIKWN &IRWNI D AWMR BPNI TLMIDIW KI HTNGD 
LMLXMT LBNWN WLMRWT ZAT N$AR BTPQIDW . ZABI QIBL LKN B$MXH AT HHZMNH 
LBWA LBIT - SPRW $L HMNHL H$MALN . RHW@ WQWLX HWA HCIG AT HTWKNIT HP$W@H , 
BT XM$ HNQWDWT , $L @RNSPR " MRCWN WB$$WN " , KPI $TIARH AXT HMWRWT . 
HHQ$BH BAWLM HITH MLAH WDGNI X$$ , $HNH TLMIDIW HWLKIM LIPWL BPX $ZABI 
M@MIN LHM . HWA NISH , KDRKW , LHQSIM AWTM WLSPR LHM SIPWRI HWWI &L 
H&RBIM , MNISIWNW HAI$I . AXR KK , K$HGI& $LB H$ALWT , HIH DGNI IKWL 
LN$WM LRWWXH : ZABI HWA $HIH CRIK LHTGWNN MPNI H$ALWT $LHM . " HWA 
KM&@ LA HQ$IB AMNM , W&NH &L MH $HWA RCH , ABL HM KT$W AWTW WANI HIITI 
GAH " , SIPR DGNI LAXD MXBRIW BIWM $$I . BBIT - HSPR HZH , HNX$B ALI@IS@I 
WAKSNIIH LMCWINWT , NW@IM HTLMIDIM L$MAL M&@ IWTR MMH $MQWBL BDRK KLL 
BQRB BNI HNW&R . NWTNI H@WN BNW$AIM HPWLI@IIM $M , LPI HTR$MWT WLA &L 
PI BDIQH , HM BDRK KLL HMTWNIM IWTR . ABL MHTLMIDIM DWWQA HGI&H DRI$H 
AL HRKZ HXBRTI $L BIT - HSPR LHZMIN AT ZABI . BXBRH $N&$IT PXWT WPXWT 
DMWQR@IT N$AR BIT - HSPR AXD HM&WZIM HAXRWNIM $L HDMWQR@IH , HSBIR DGNI 
MDW& HXLI@ $LA LHTNGD LBWAW $L ZABI . LALH $ATM HTII&C AMR , KI BDMWQR@IH 
LWXMT BNIGWD LDMWQR@IH MTGWNNT CRIK LTT LKWLM LDBR ; GM LM@WRPIM . 
&K$IW AWMRIM BAIRWNIH BBIT - HSPR $LW , $HTLMIDIM RWCIM AT KHNA XI AW 
MT . ZABI HGI& BIWM $$I L&IRWNI D LMS& BXIRWT , LAXD MQHLI HI&D HMW&DPIM 
&L PWLI@IQAIM TLMIDI $MINIWT . BNIGWD LAXRIM $BIQRW $M BAXRWNH , KMW 
WHIH ZABI MWQP BQBWCT HAN$IM $&W$H ATW BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM SIWRIM BRXBI HARC : 
AI$TW , KMH &WZRIM ( AXD LPXWT HWA AI$ BI@XWN , HCMWD ALIW MAZ RCX 
KHNA AP &L PI $HX"K AMR BGLI CH"L , $AIN HWA ZQWQ L$MIRH ) WP&ILI " MWLDT " , 
$HTQINW BZRIZWT RMQWLIM , H&MIDW DWKNIM KDI LXLQ XWMR HSBRH ( KWLL 
AT H&ITWN $BW HTPRSM XWMR HSTH NGD IWSI $RID ) , WHCIBW AT H$L@ " MWLDT 
I$ RQ AXT " . KL ZH N&$H MHR KL KK WBMIWMNWT , $AI$ LA HSPIQ L&CWR AT 
HQBWCH HP&LTNIT . " WAM LA IHIH @RNSPR MRCWN , HAM NCMID LHM AQDX LRQH " , 
$ALW HTLMIDIM BSIWM HHRCAH . AIN DBR KZH $HM LA IRCW , H$IB ZABI . 
ANXNW KBR NDAG BKL MINI $I@WT LHBIA AWTM LKK $IRCW . HIW GM MAZINIM M&@IM 
$MXAW KPIIM . DGNI HSBIR LALH $TMHW KICD HNIX LZABI LH$MI& DBRIM GZ&NIIM 
BIN KWTLI BIT - HSPR , $LA RCH LHK$IL AT HAIRW& . " MMILA KBR I$ 
&LI S@IGMH " , AMR , " WHKI X$WB $HTLMIDIM $LI IWD&IM BDIWQ MH ANI XW$B 
&LIW " . 

* 

" B&INI HAZRX HMZRX GRMNI , XIIM HI$RALIM BARMWNWT $L ZHB , MWQPIM 
GDRWT TIIL DWQRNI W&MDWT $L MKWNWT IRIH " , AMR ATMWL PRIC $NABL , XBR 
BQBWCH RA$WNH $L SWKNI NSI&WT MMZRX GRMNIH HMBQRT BARC . HQBWCH HIA AWRXT 
$L &NP HHARXH BQIBWCIM , WT$HH BI$RAL $BW& IMIM . BMCB HNWKXI $L HM$BR 
BMPRC WHAINTIPADH BARC , LA RWAIM HSWKNIM HAWRXIM SIKWIIM RBIM LGL TIIRWT 
MZRX GRMNIT . BMHLK SIWRM IBQRW HSWKNIM MMZRX GRMNIH BMWQDI TIIRWT MRKZIIM 
KMW : HGLIL , HKINRT , XIPH , $PLT HXWP , IRW$LIM , IM HMLX , HRI 
IHWDH WTL - ABIB . HM ITAKSNW BBTI HARXH $L HQIBWCIM BMQWMWT H$WNIM . 
BHTIIXSM LAP$RWT BIQWRI TIIRIM MMZRX GRMNIH BI$RAL , AMRW HSWKNIM KI 
BARCM QIIM PW@NCIAL $L K$MWNH MILIWN MAMINIM NWCRIM , " $IHIW M&WNIINIM 
LBQR BMQWMWT HQDW$IM KAN , LAXR $ITIICB HMCB BAZWR " . BRA$ HM$LXT &WMD 
MNHL XBRT HTIIRWT HMM$LTIT " SQWBH " , MIKAL RIDL , HMTMXH BTNW&T TIIRWT 
LI$RAL . B$IXH &M &ITWNAIM , LPNI CATM , AMR $NABL : " K$HMCB ITBHR 
IBWAW AZRXI MZRX GRMNIH LKAN . MILIWNI NWCRIM ACLNW IHIW M&WNIINIM LBQR 
BI$RAL , LMRWT NITWQM HMMW$K MHDT BZMN H$L@WN HQWMWNIS@I " . 

* 

BWDP$@ ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . MNHIGI MPLGWT HAWPWZICIH BBWLGRIH , XZRW 
WTB&W ATMWL $HMM$LH HSWCIALIS@IT TTP@R WTPQID RA$ HMM$LH IIMSR LAWPWZICIH . 
HM HZHIRW KI AM TBI&TM LA TTQBL , HM IPSIQW AT HM$A WMTN HBIN - MPLGTI , 
HMTNHL &TH BSWPIH . HS@WDN@IM BAWNIBRSI@AWT BRXBI BWLGRIH , HTWB&IM 
AP HM AT HTP@RWT HMM$LH , HM$IKW ATMWL B$BITWT - H$BT BAWNIBRSI@AWT , 
KDI LTT TWQP LTBI&WTIHM . AWLM RA$I HMPLGH HSWCIALIS@IT ( HQWMWNIS@IT 
L$&BR ) MGLIM &TH NXI$WT $LA APIINH AWTM BIMIM &BRW . HM HCHIRW , KI 
HGI&W LQCH GBWL HWWITWRIM HAP$RIIM , LA IISWGW &WD M&MDWTIHM HNWKXIWT 
WDXW AT HTBI&H LHTP@RWT RA$ HMM$LH ANDRI LWQANWB . HSWCIALIS@IM GIISW 
RBBWT MTWMKIHM , $HTKNSW BMRKZ SWPIH WHBI&W TMIKH BMM$LH . GM AN$I HAWPWZICIH 
HGI&W LMQWM WHQ@@WT BIN HMXNWT NMN&W &"I HM$@RH . 

* 

@WQIW ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . N$IA HMDINH XIIM HRCWG , IICG HIWM AT MDINT 
I$RAL , B@QS HHKTRH $L IWR$ H&CR AQIHI@W , LQISR IPN . N$IA HMDINH 
NPG$ ATMWL L$IXH MMW$KT &M N$IA RWMNIH AILIISQW , BH NDWNW HQ$IIM H&WBRIM 
&L RWMNIH , BTQWPH ZW $L M&BR HDRGTI LM$@R DMWQR@I . LAXR HPGI$H CIIN 
HN$IA HRCWG AT HAWWIRH HIDIDWTIT $$RRH BIN H$NIIM WAT H&NWTW $L HN$IA 
HRWMNI , LHZMNTW LBQR BI$RAL . AT ARWXT H&RB S&DW HN$IA WA$TW &M N$IA 
GRMNIH PWN WIICZQR WA$TW , BH NDWNW NW$AIM AQ@WALIIM , B&LI X$IBWT HDDIT 
L$TI HMDINWT . BMWCAI $BT HIH HN$IA AWRXH $L XBRT DI - AS - PI HI$RALIT , 
MSPWRI HHCLXH H&K$WWIIM $L XDIRT H@KNWLWGIH HI$RALIT L$WQ HIPNI . B$&WT 
HBWQR IIPG$ HN$IA &M SGN N$IA ARH"B DN QWWIIL , WLAXR H@QS IISWB L$IXH 
&M MZKIR HAW"M PRZ DH - QWWIAR . @RM CATW MIPN CPWIH LN$IA GM PGI$H &M 
RA$ MM$LT IPN @W$IQI QAIPW . 

* 

MAWT $W@RIM HMWMIM MDQIRT XBRM P$@W ATMWL &L MZRX - IRW$LIM , &L ATRI 
HBNIIH , TXNWT HAW@WBWSIM WHGNIM HCIBWRIIM , WH&MIDW KL MI $NQRH BDRKM 
AL HQIR LXIPW$ MDWQDQ . KL PW&L - BNIIN HWA BXZQT X$WD , KL RWXC MKWNIWT 
HWA DWQR PW@NCIALI , KL TLMID &LWL LHIWT SKINAI . KL MI $IKWL MNSH L&QWP 
WLHTXMQ MH$W@RIM . KBR B$&WT LPNI HCHRIM HGI&W DIWWXIM &L MKWT WH$PLT 
&CWRIM WNBDQIM . HPW&LIM H&RBIM &W$IM AT DRKM XZRH HBITH BXBWRWT $L XMI$H - 
$$H . LA BRWR MI MPXD IWTR , HIHWDIM MH&RBIM AW LHPK . BDRK $KM MLWWH 
&LI AL - XLILI , MZKIR M&RKT " AL - PAGR " W&WRK SPRWTI , AT A$TW 
WILDIW LTXNT HAW@WBWS HSMWKH . MAWXR IWTR , B$BTNW BM&RKT HWA AWMR : 
" AP$R LXTWK AT HMTX BSKIN . HTGWBH $L H$W@RIM MB@AT HLM WPXD . MI 
$BWDQ BKLIW $L &WBR - AWRX WNWTN LW S@IRH , $LA I$KX , &W$H $IRWT R& 
MAWD . MI $LA &$H M$HW HIWM I&$H MXR " . " PXD " , AWMRIM H$W@RIM HMWCBIM 
LA HRXQ M$M . KWLM LBW$IM BAPWD - MGN $KP"C $KDWGMTW LWB$IM XIILIM HIWCAIM 
L$DH HQRB . MZLM $HTXIL HXWRP WNMN& MHM MRXC - ZI&H , $&LWL HIH LHWRID 
&WD IWTR AT SP HRGI$WT . " APILW BLBNWN LA HLBI$W AWTNW KKH . ABL GM 
ZH LA I&ZWR . MXR ITXILW LIRWT &LINW BN$Q XM " , AWMR AXD H$W@RIM . 
H$W@R $NDQR $L$WM LA LB$ AT APWD HMGN , BNIGWD LHWRAH $L MPK"L HM$@RH 
H$BW& . L&WMT ZAT , HSWHR KMAL PARS MKLA GNIN LB$ APWD , AK HSKIN $ISPH 
AT GRWNW HBLTI - MWGN . QPIDBINATMWL LA HITH $BITH B$@XIM , ABL IRW$LIM 
HMZRXIT HITH KM&@ $WMMH . HXNWIWT B$&R - $KM NSGRW MWQDM MHRGIL , MAWT 
HPW&LIM HIWMIIM B"$WQ H&BDIM " , &L GBWL MWSRARH , PWZRW BIDI HM$@RH , 
WGM HSBLIM $L $&R - $KM NML@W K$HBXINW B$W@RIM , HQ$WXIM MTMID , MTQRBIM . 
BSWP RXWB HNBIAIM , LA RXWQ MHMQWM $BW HTNPL $L$WM HN&R H&RBI &L H$W@R 
&WPR XGBI WN&C SKIN BGBW , QM HTPR BIN MZRX IRW$LIM WM&RBH LTXIIH . 
LID BIT HMSXR LMCBWT - $I$ HWCB ATMWL MXSWM M$@RH BLTI - MAWI$ , $TXM 
AT HGBWL BIN KAN WHARC HAXRT . B$&R $KM BKNISH L&IR H&TIQH , NRAW ATMWL 
RQ M&@ RWKLI SDQIT . MRKWLTW $L AXD MHM , HPRW$H &L RCPT HABN , MCI&H 
SKINIM , MBRGIM WMSPRIIM &@WPIM BARIZWT NIILWN , WMW$KT AT T$WMT LBM 
$L $W@RI M$MR HGBWL . HRWKL &IWWR , AK HSKIN WHMBRG HM KLI - N$Q AKZRIIM 
BIMIM M@WRPIM ALH , WLK TD& . " LP&MIM H$W@RIM AWSRIM &LI LMKWR WLP&MIM 
MTIRIM . LPI HMCB - RWX " , AWMR HRWKL . BKNISH LRXWB HGIA B&IR H&TIQH 
CW&DIM $W@RI M$MR HGBWL BMBNH QRBI K$N$QM ZQWP . LID BIT $RWN HRIQ IW$BT 
BAWPN QBW& XWLIH $L $W@RI MGB . AXD H$W@RIM HM$W&MMIM MPLI@ GIHWQ I$R 
LPNIW $L &WBR - AWRX &RBI , WCWXQ . H&RBI MM$IK B$TIQH KNW&H . QPIDBINBICIAH 
MI$IBT &@RT - KWHNIM MMTIN AXD HTLMIDIM LMI$HW $IIRD LM@H . MAZ HDQIRH 
HAXRWNH HM N&IM RQ BZWGWT W$L$WT . &@RT - KWHNIM , SNIP $L I$IBT MRKZ - 
HRB , MMWQMT BBNIIN $BW MTGWRRWT $LW$ M$PXWT &RBIWT . " ABL IXSI H$KNWT 
@WBIM " , AWMR WXID AL - BKRI , BN 06 , HMTGWRR PH MRA$IT $NWT H04 . 
" HB&IWT HN LM@H . BRXWB " . BTWK HI$IBH TLWI $L@ GDWL HMZHIR MPNI 
KNIST IHWDIM LHR - HBIT . &L HAISWR HMPWR$ XTWMIM HRBNIM AWN@RMN , NSIM , 
AWIRBK WALI$IB . HRB ABRHM ICXQ HKHN QWQ , MWRM WRBM $L TLMIDI HI$IBH , 
$HRBH L&SWQ BHXZRT MLKWT I$RAL WHLKWT II$WB HARC , ASR AP HWA &L H&LIIH 
AL HHR . &WD RBWT IDWBR BNZQIH $L XBWRT HTMHWNIM HMSWPXT LGR$WN SLWMWN , 
$MT&Q$T $WB W$WB L&BWR &L HAISWR HTWRNI HMPWR$ WMNSH L&LWT LMQWM HMQD$ . 
BDWKN H&ITWNIM $LID BIT HMRQXT $L XNA SNIWRH , LA RXWQ MHI$IBH , NWTNIM 
H&ITWNIM B&RBIT BI@WI WIZWALI MCMRR LDM $N$PK &L HR - HBIT . HTMWNWT 
HCB&WNIWT $L HGWLGLWT HMNWPCWT , HMWXWT H$PWKIM WH&INIIM HQRW&WT $L HQRBNWT , 
PRW$WT L&INI H&WBRIM . AWLI AXT MTMWNWT HZWW&H HALH HNI&H AT &IMAD ABW - 
RBW , BN H71 , LZNQ &L H$W@R XGBI BSKIN $LWPH . BAWTW IWM PRSM " AL - 
PAGR " BMHDWRTW HANGLIT TMWNH $L $L@ B&BRIT MHLWWIIT KHNA : " RQ KK . 
LHRWG &WD " . H&ITWNIM BRXWB MB@AIM AT HNWP WHAWWIRH $L H&IR HZAT , 
ZAT H&IR $MQBL HMPQD HXD$ $L MXWZ IRW$LIM $HTMNH ATMWL . 

* 

BACB& HGLIL NXNK ATMWL MP&L XD$ LBNIIH MTW&$T , $BW IW&SQW TWK KMH XWD$IM 
MAWT &WBDIM MRBITM MQRIT - $MWNH . MDWBR BMP&L DNIWR , $KBR QIBL HZMNWT 
LBNIIT 2500 IXIDWT DIWR . MNK"L DNIWR , RWNN &MIRN , AWMR KI HMBNIM 
HXD$IM ISWPQW MID L&WLIM HXD$IM WGM LTW$BI ACB& HGLIL , B&IQR LZWGWT 
C&IRIM $IBQ$W LH$TM$ BMBNIM . &MIRN AWMR KI &D SWP XWD$ MARS IW&SQW BMP&L 
008 &WBDIM . IW"R MW&CT HMNHLIM $L MBWAWT XRMWN , R&NN N&IM , AWMR KI 
MP&L ZH IGRWM LTNWPH RBH MAWD BACB& HGLIL , WIPTWR MCWQH RBH $L MAWT 
MTW$BI HAZWR HMBQ$IM LHI$AR BACB& HGLIL . 

* 

" HTXRWT HXRIPH BIN HBNQIM LM$KNTAWT , $HBIAH LHWRDT HRIBIT &L HM$KNTAWT , 
HIA , KKL HNRAH , HGWRM L$INWI MGMH B$WQ HM$RDIM WB&IQR BGW$ DN : 
RKI$H BMQWM $KIRH " , AWMR M$H XR$ , MNK"L XBRT GLWMB NDL"N . &L - PI 
NTWNIM $HC@BRW BXBRT GLWMB , IRDW BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM DMI H$KIRWT M$RDIM 
BGW$ DN BK%5 , WTNAI H$KIRWT $&LIHM HWSKM LAXRWNH NWXIM L$WKRIM IWTR 
MB&BR : HM$KIRIM MWWTRIM &L HCMDH MLAH $L DMI H$KIRWT LMDD , WMSTPQIM 
BMQRIM RBIM BHCMDT MXCIT DMI H$KIRWT LMDD , WHCMDT HMXCIT H$NIIH LDWLR . 
" MKIWWN $B$NIM HAXRWNWT &LH HMDD B$I&WR NIKR &L PNI HDWLR , WHHNXH 
HIA KI MGMH ZW TIM$K B&TID , HRI $MDWBR BIRIDH &TIDIT NWSPT $L DMI H$KIRWT , 
BIXS LDMI $KIRWT HCMWDIM BMLWAM LMDD IWQR HMXIH " , MSBIR XR$ . LPI NTWNI 
HXBRH , &MD BRA$IT H$NH MXIRW $L M"R M$RDIM BRMH $N&H BIN 000 , 1 L1500  
DWLR . HMXIRIM HLLW M$KW M$QI&IM $RK$W M$RDIM , WKTWCAH MKK &LW MXIRI 
HM$RDIM HLLW . LH&RKT AN$I GLWMB NDL"N , AIN AP$RWT LMCWA BIMIM ALH 
M$RDIM BRMH MTQBLT &L HD&T BMXIRIM NMWKIM M004 , 1 &D 008 , 1 DWLR LM"R . 


* 

BIIRWT ( &"R ) . MNHIGI XIZBALLH N$B&W ATMWL LHPNWT AT TWTXIHM L&BR 
LI$RAL , LAXR $H$LIMW &M ARGWN AML . " ASWR L&$WT $LWM &M I$RAL . . 
. AM NWWTR &L HTNGDWTNW LI$RAL NABD AT HKL . DRK HMLXMH BI$RAL , HAWMH 
$LNW TTQIIM , WAM NIKN& WNGI& L$LWM &MH , N&LM WNIMWG B&RPL " , AMR 
H$IIX SWBXI TWPIILI , AI$ XIZBALLH BKIR , LHPGNH $N&RKH BBIIRWT . BHPGNH 
H$TTPW 000 , 2 MAN$I HARGWN WHIA N&RKH KDI LCIIN AT MWTM $L AN$I HXIZBALLH 
BP&WLWT H$WNWT . TWPIILI GM QRA LCBA LBNWN L$XRR AT DRWM HMDINH . " HCBA 
$L MDINH ZAT XIIB LHIWT AWIB I$RAL . M$IMTW HIA LHILXM BI$RAL WLSII& 
LHTNGDWT " , AMR TWPIILI . HWA HWRH LAN$IW LHPSIQ LH$TM$ BALIMWT NGD 
ARGWN AMAL . " KL P&WLH ALIMH ASWRH BHXL@ " , AMR . " SSMTNW LTQWPH 
HQRWBH CRIKH LHIWT $LWM . . . XTIMT HHSKM HINH HHTXLH , WLA HSWP " . 
&L PI HHSKM $NXTM B$BW& $&BR BIN HXIZBALLH LAML , AMWRIM $NI HARGWNIM 
L$XRR AT HASIRIM WLHSIR AT HMCWR $HW@L &L HKPRIM H$WNIM M$NI HCDDIM . 


* 

GWA@MALH - SI@I ( &"R ) . AZRXI GWA@MALH HLKW ATMWL LQLPIWT KDI LBXWR 
N$IA XD$ , BTIQWWH KI ZH I$IM QC LALIMWT HNM$KT LM&LH M03 $NH . K004 
M$QIPIM BIN - LAWMIIM PIQXW &L HHCB&H . HMW&MD H&IQRI H$LI@ HCBAI L$&BR 
HGNRL APRN RIWS MWN@ MNW& MLH$TTP BMRWC , MAXR $HXWQH AWSRT &L ADM $HNHIG 
HPIKH LAII$ MI$RH CIBWRIT . HGNRL QRA LTWMKIW LR$WM AT $MW &L PTQI HHCB&H 
AW LHMN& MHCB&H KAWT MXAH . SQRI D&T QHL H&NIQW LW % 03 MN HQWLWT . GM 
ARGWNI HGRILH $L HM$AL HMHPKNI QRAW LAZRXIM $LA LH$TTP BBXIRWT . MQWRWT 
R$MIIM MSRW KI 000 , 61 $W@RIM WXIILIM AIB@XW AT HHCB&H . THIH ZW H&BRH 
RA$WNH $L H$L@WN MAZ XZR H$L@WN HAZRXI LGWA@MALH B5891 , &M BXIRTW $L 
HN$IA HNWCRI - DMWQR@I , WINICIW SRZW . HKNSIH WARGWNI ZKWIWT HADM M&RIKIM 
KI HALIMWT HQICWNIT W03 $NWT HMRDNWT H$MALNIT HWTIRW AXRIHM LM&LH M001 
ALP HRWGIM , 04 ALP N&DRIM W05 ALP GWLIM . H$L@WN HAZRXI LA HCLIX L$IM 
QC L$PIKWT HDMIM . 41 PWLI@IQAIM , KWLL KMH MW&MDIM MQWMIIM , &ITWNAI 
WA$T &ITWNAI NWRW B$BW&WT HAXRWNIM $L MS& HBXIRWT . $I&WR HHCB&H HIH K%56 . 
21 MW&MDIM MTXRIM BMRWC LN$IAWT , LKHWNH BT XM$ $NIM , HXL MH41 BINWAR 
1991 . HMCBI&IM BXRW GM SGN N$IA , 611 XBRI QWNGRS , 003 RA$I &RIM W02 
MXWQQIM LPRLMN@ HXD$ $L AMRIQH HMRKZIT . KM&@ B@WX KI II&RK SIBWB NWSP 
$L BXIRWT B6 BINWAR , MAXR $HXWQHH QWB&T $&L HNBXR LN$IAWT LZKWT B%15 
LPXWT . XWRXH QARPIW MAIXWD HMRKZ HLAWMI , MWBIL &L PI HSQRIM , &M 21 
&D 32 AXWZIM . XWRXH SRANW MHTNW&H LSWLIDRIWT P&ILH , WALWWARW ARZW 
MMPLGT HHTQDMWT HLAWMIT CPWIIM LZKWT BK51 &D 71 AXWZIM . 

* 

( & ) . H$W@R &WPR XGBI $NDQR B$BT BMZRX IRW$LIM , NWTX P&M NWSPT 
BBIH"X HDSH &IN KRM . HNITWX NW&D LIICB AT MCBW WBSIWMW NMSR KI HWA MWSIP 
LHIWT Q$H . M&CRW $L AIMAN &BD RBW , HX$WD BDQIRT H$W@R &WPR XGBI , 
HWARK ATMWL B01 IMIM . &BD RBW AMR BBIHM"$ : " ICATI MIRIXW LIRW$LIM 
BAW@WBWS , XIP$TI XNWT LQNWT SKIN , QNITI SKIN B7 $"X , RAITI $W@R 
WDQRTI AWTW " . H$WP@ IWAL CWR HWRH L&CRW L01 IMIM . HM$@RH MTKWWNT LHGI$ 
KTB AI$WM NGDW KBR BIMIM HQRWBIM . H$W@R $AW$PZ BBIH"X RMB"M LAXR $NPC& 
BHLWWIIT HRB KHNA , AINW M$RT BMG"B ALA BM$@RT IRW$LIM . HWA NPC& B&T 
$NPL MAMBWLNS , LAXR $NISH LXLC AWTW MTWK HMWN $NISH LMNW& H&BRT PCW& 
&RBI LBIH"X . 

* 

XDRI HNITWX BBTI HXWLIM $L QWPT XWLIM HKLLIT IW$BTW HIWM , WIBWC&W RQ 
NITWXIM DXWPIM LHCLT XII ADM . X@IBT RWPAI BTI HXWLIM $L QWP"X HKLLIT 
HXLI@H ATMWL &L HH$BTH , BMXAH &L HXL@T HQWPH LHPNWT MBW@XIM LNITWXIM 
BBTI XWLIM PR@IIM . B$L H$BITH IIDXH BICW&M $L 004 NITWXIM ALQ@IWWIIM . 
GM ATMWL BWC&W NITWXIM RQ BAI$WR W&DT HXRIGIM BBTI HXWLIM . HPGI$H $N&RKH 
ATMWL BIN IW"R X@IBT RWPAI BTI HXWLIM $L HQWPH , D"R ALIAS WILIQWBSQI , 
LMNK"L , NXWM PSH , LA HNIBH HSKM . D"R WILIQWBSQI HWDI& KI AM HIWM 
LA TXWL HTQDMWT , TWRXB MXR H$BITH GM LMRPAWT HXWC BBTI HXWLIM . HHXL@H 
$L HNHLT QWPT XWLIM LH&BIR NITWXIM LBTI XWLIM PR@IIM BAH KIWWN $AIN HIA 
IKWLH LHGDIL B$LB ZH AT MKST HNITWXIM , KDI LQCR TWRIM LMBW@XIM HZQWQIM 
LNITWX , B$L MGBLWT $H@IL &LIH HAWCR BGIN TWSPT HKNSH LRWPAIM . RA$ HAGP 
HRPWAI $L QWPT XWLIM , D"R RMI DICIAN , HCI& LRWPAIM LHQIM W&DH LTIAWM 
NITWXIM . D"R WILIQWBSQI HWDI& KI HNW$A II$QL , BHTX$B BSMKWIWT WBHRKB 
HWW&DH . QPIDBINHWW&D HMRKZI $L HHSTDRWT HRPWAIT MTKNS HIWM KDI LHXLI@ 
&L C&DI MABQ $IB@IXW HM$K H$TKRWT SBIRH LCIBWR HRWPAIM BMDINH . BSWP 
H$BW& HXLI@H HHSTDRWT HRPWAIT LHPSIQ AT HMW"M &M HAWCR &L HSKM $KR XD$ 
L1909 , &L BSIS HMLCWT W&DT ZWSMN . ZAT , LAXR $HWBRR KI BM$K ARB&T 
HXWD$IM $BHM NM$K HM$A WMTN , LA ZZ HAWCR M&MDTW LGRWM LPGI&H BH$TKRWT 
HRWPAIM BMDINH . IW"R HHSTDRWT HRPWAIT , D"R MRIM CNGN , WIW"R HWW&DH 
HMQCW&IT , D"R IWRM BL$R , PNW B$BW& $&BR L$R HBRIAWT AHWD AWLMR@ , 
BBQ$H $IT&RB BSKSWK BINM LBIN HMMWNH &L H$KR , KDI LMNW& $IBW$IM WH$BTWT 
BM&RKT HBRIAWT . AM &D LMW&D KINWS HWW&D HPW&L LA IQBLW T$WBH MSPQT M$R 
HBRIAWT , IXLI@W &L PTIXH B&ICWMIM . 

* 

MDINWT LPXWT , HGI&W ATMWL L@WQIW , $&H $KWXWT HBI@XWN N&RKW LMBC& 
&NQ $L AB@XT @QS HKTRTW $L HQISR AQIHI@W , $II&RK HIWM . NWKX AIWMIM 
MCD QICWNIM $MALNIM , HCIBH HM$@RH MXSWMI DRKIM BKL HRXWBWT HMWBILIM 
LMRKZ HBIRH HIPNIT . H$L@WNWT SGRW AZWR $L DRK MHIRH , HHWMH BDRK KLL 
WHTNW&H BW MRWBH , KDI LHB@IX NSI&H XWP$IT $L KL HAI$IM HX$WBIM MNML 
HT&WPH AL &IR . @ISWT PNIM RBWT BW@LW . B$&WT AXR HCHRIIM $L ATMWL HGI&W 
KBR MRBIT HMWZMNIM HZRIM . &LIHM NMNIM N$IAIM M05 MDINWT , MLK BLGIH 
BWDWAN WHMLKH PABIWLH , HNSIK CARLS WHNSIKH DIANH MBRI@NIH , SGN N$IA 
ARH"B DN QWWIIL HGI& BM@WS MS 2 $L XIL HAWWIR BLWWIIT MZK"L HAW"M PRZ 
DH QWWIAR . RBIM MHMNHIGIM NICLW AT $HWTM LPGI$WT &M RA$ MM$LT IPN , 
@W$IQI QAIPW W&M $R HXWC , @ARW NAQAIAMH . PQIDIM BM$RD HXWC HIPNI AMRW , 
KI $LW$T HMNHIGIM HRA$WNIM $BIQRW AT QAIPW , IWN AILIISQW MRWMNIH , 
ARPAD GWNQ MHWNGRIH WMNHIG BNGLD$ , BIQ$W MIPN SIW& KLKLI . @QS AZKRH 
LHRWGI XBR H&MIM BMLXMT H&WLM H2 HTQIIM BIWQWHAMH . AN$I DT PRW@S@N@IM , 
QTWLIM , HINDIM , MWSLMIM , BWDHIS@IM WIHWDIM , N$AW TPILH LZKR HQWRBNWT 
$MRBITM MTW KA$R HIW $BWII MLXMH . HNSIK CARLS , HNSIK WWILM ALKSNDR 
MHWLND WNCIGIM MQNDH WNIW ZILND HNIXW ZRIM &L HMCBH . QPIDBINAQIHI@W , 
65 , IWKTR LQISRWT B&QBWT MWT ABIW , HIRWHI@W , BINWAR 9891 . &L 
PI HMSWRT , HWA HQISR H521 B$W$LT RCWPH $L 056 , 2 $NH . LMRWT $HHIS@WRIWNIM 
HMWDRNIM @W&NIM KI 41 HQISRIM HRA$WNIM HIW AGDH WKL H$W$LT NQ@&H BMAH 
H6 LSPIRH . HXGIGWT SBIB HKTRTW $L AQIHI@W IIM$KW &D H32 BNWBMBR W&LWTN 
NAMDT B59 MILIWN DWLR . IWM HKTRTW $L AQIHI@W IIPTX BMQD$IM $BARMWN , 
$M HWA IBQ$ AT BRKWT ALILT H$M$ , AMA@RAZW W$L 8 MLIWN HALILIM HAXRIM 
BPNTIAWN H$IN@W . B$&WT HBWQR HMAWXRWT , TCA LDRKH $IIRT MKWNIWT RWLS 
RWIS , MRCDS W@WIW@H , L$@X HARMWN . B$IIRH 2500 AWRXIM IPNIM , 500 
NCIGIM R$MIIM M851 MDINWT , MHAW"M WHQHILH HAIRWPIT . $&H $HAWRXIM II$BW 
SBIB XCR HARMWN , IWPI& AQIHI@W KDI LQBL AT HKTR . $IA H@QS , IHIH 
KA$R RA$ HMM$LH QAIPW IPTX BQRIAWT " BWNZAI " , $PRW$W , $TZKH LXIWT 
&$RT ALPIM $NH , WAXRIW IQRAW KK HAWRXIM HIPNIM . LAXR MKN IICAW HQISR 
WBT ZWGW , MICIQW LNSI&H BRXWBWT HSMWKIM LARMWN BLIMWZINH PTWXH HZDMNWT 
IXIDH L&M LRAWT AT HQISR BIWM HKTRTW . 000 , 73 $W@RIM IAB@XW AT HBIRH . 


* 

BT&$IWT HCBAIWT B&WLM RWAIM AT HKTWBT &L HQIR . GM HM$BR H&IRAQI AINW 
M$NH AT HMGMH HMSTMNT BAIRWPH : PXWT MTX , PXWT CBA , PXWT TQCIBIM . 
BI$RAL MSIBWT AXRWT LGMRI IHIH H$NH TQCIB HBI@XWN Q@N MTQCIB QLI@T 
H&LIIH WH$IKWN . HNPG&IM HRA$WNIM BTHLIK HZH HM MP&LI HT&$IIH HBI@XWNIT . 
K$AIN LBIA MP@RIM ALPIM BT&$IIH HAWWIRIT . K$AIN CWRK BPGZIM WBTWTXIM 
MTWCRT SWLTM MAIIMT HAB@LH &L IQN&M . WAP - &L - PI - KN , I$ MI $MAMINIM 
KI DWWQA HIDWQ XGWRT HTQCIBIM HCBAIIM BARC WB&WLM &$WI L$XQ L@WBT HT&$IIH 
HI$RALIT . XIIM NISNZWN , MNK"L QBWCT RADA , NMNH &M HAN$IM HALH . 
HQBWCH BRA$H HWA &WMD MIICRT CIWD BDIQH LM@WSIM , MX$BIM CBAIIM , MX$BI 
@ILIM , MX$BIM MW@SIM WMX$BI QRB LSPINWT @ILIM . K$I$ AIN - SWP KSP , 
AWMR NISNZWN , H$KL N&LM WHWLKIM LPTRWNWT MQSIMLIS@IIM . HMCB HZH HIQ$H 
&L HT&$IIH HI$RALIT LHTXRWT BXW"L , WNTN ITRWN LXBRWT &NQ . &K$IW , 
NIKRT MGMH $L ICIAT KMH MH&NQIM HALH MH$WQ HCBAI . MAIR $RIB , L$&BR 
MPQD HN"M BCH"L WKIWM SMNK"L BKIR BRADA , AWMR KI &WDP KSP MWLID TKNWN 
LCWRK BICW&IM , WLA LCWRK MXIR . M&RKWT BI@XWNIWT MWKNWT L$LM KPLIIM 
TMWRT % 5 TWSPT $WLIT LBICW&IM . HLWGIQH $L XIPW$ AXR HGWQR $IKRI& B$DH 
HQRB MAWMCT LGBI KL PRI@I HRK$ , WHTWCAH HIA MXIR KPWL LKL M&RKT CBAIT 
BA$R HIA . H$WQ HCBAI AMNM MC@MQ , ABL HWA ZQWQ LPTRWNWT . B$WQ KZH 
GDL M$QL TXWM HTXZWQH , $KN HDRI$H LI&ILWT MWN&T RKI$T CIWD XD$ WDWXPT 
LNICWL HQIIM . BMQBIL , GDL $WQ HH$BXWT . $NI HTXWMIM HALH M$XQIM LIDI 
HT&$IIH HBI@XWNIT HI$RALIT BKLL , WRADA BPR@ . DWGMH LTHLIK HZH , $L 
DG$ ITR &L HCD HKLKLI $L HRK$ HCBAI , AP$R LMCWA BMKRZ $L HCBA HAMRIQAI , 
$&LIW MTXRH KIWM RADA . MDWBR BQL@T LMSWQIM , HMIW&DT LH&BRH WLAISWP 
$L NTWNI @ISH , BZMN AMITI . HQL@T AWTH MCI&H RADA HIA PITWX $L CIWD 
QIIM MTWCRTH . IXD &M GRWP @KNWLWGI , L$&BR XLQ MQBWCT HNIWWL , HGI&H 
RADA L$LB HAXRWN $L HMKRZ HZH . BSK HKL , MDWBR BK000 , 3 IXIDWT , 
H&$WIWT LHKNIS K05 MILIWN DWLR . " ALMLA HCWRK BQICWC LA HIW MZMINIM 
AT RADA LH$TTP BTXRWT " , AWMRT NISNZWN . " HAMRIQAIM HIW MGDIRIM MPR@ 
DRI$WT LQS@H $MNGNT MWCR@ B@ISH BMHIRWT $L 006 QM"$ , WLWQHID WHPILHRMWNIT 
$L NIW IWRQ HIW MTXRIM . ABL K$AIN KSP , QWNIM QS@H QIIMT WLA MPTXIM . 
MXP$IM M$HW $KBR &WBD " . LRADA I$ KIWM HZMNWT L061 X$BI @ISH WL023 QS@WT , 
HMIW&DIM LM@WSI HAP61 $L XIL HAWWIR . HCIWD HZH , $RA$IT PITWXW N&$H 
B$BIL HLBIA , $AT MX$B HQRB $LW HITH HXBRH AMWRH LIICR , MWZMN K&T &L - 
IDI MQDWNL DAGLS , HICRN HAMRIQAI $L HAP61 , LCWRK $ILWBW BM@WSIM $HWZMNW 
BARC . &M BICW&IM M$WPRIM BAWRX MHWTI BH$WWAH LALH $L HMX$B HAMRIQAI 
HMQWRI , MTXRH RADA &L $WQ $L ALPI M@WSIM BARH"B WBAIRWPH . ALA $HN@IIH 
HAMRIQAIT $LA LRKW$ M&RKWT MRKZIWT $AINN MIWCRWT BARH"B AINH M$PRT AT 
HSIKWIIM . KA$R BW@L PRWIQ@ HLBIA , DIBRW &L RADA K&L NPG&T &IQRIT . 
BPW&L , AWLI HIH BI@WL HLBIA HDBR H@WB BIWTR $QRH LRADA : HXBRH MCIGH 
GIDWL HN& BIN % 02 L%03 BKL AXT MH$NIM MAZ IWR@ HLBIA . AT 98 SIIMH &M 
MKIRWT $L 22 MILIWN DWLR , K$NTX HMKIRWT BXW"L GDL M%53 B78 L%95 A$TQD . 
B08 KA$R QIBL NISNZWN AT NIHWL HXBRH , HSTKMW MKIRWTIH BXCI MILIWN DWLR , 
LLA ICWA . XLQ LA Q@N $L HGIDWL HZH NZQP LMDINIWT HMWCHRT $L NISNZWN , 
$LA L$IM AT KL HBICIM BSL AXD . KK , &WSQT KIWM HXBRH BPITWX CIWD BDIQH , 
TXWM P&ILWTH HMSWRTI , BMX$BIM CBAIIM WBMX$BIM MW@SIM WMP&ILH BMQBIL 
MP&L IICWR BARH"B , @SQW , W$WRT XBRWT HSWXRWT BRKIBIM ALQ@RWNIIM , 
BARC WBXW"L . HHTPTXWT HAXRWNH BTXWM HZH HIA HQMT XBRT $IWWQ RKIBIM BAIRWPH , 
B$WTPWT &M QWNCRN AIRWPI GDWL $AINW $$ LX$WP AT Q$RIW &M HXBRH HI$RALIT . 
KDI LHTGBR &L HMK$LH HZAT , HWQMH XBRT H$IWWQ HAIRWPIT HXD$H KXBRH NKDH 
$L @SQW ARH"B , $HIA XBRH - BT BB&LWT MLAH $L RADA I$RAL . HSXR BRKIBIM 
M$TLB HI@B &M P&WLTH $L RADA KXBRH ICRNIT : HWA MAP$R L$MWR AT HID &L 
DWPQ H$WQ B$NI HTXWMIM WMB@IX LM&RKT HPITWX WHIICWR MID& WASPQH . MNIWT 
RADA NSXRWT BNIW - IWRQ , BN$IWNL MRQ@ , L$M &BRW BAXRWNH LAXR KMH $NWT 
MSXR BR$IMH HCDDIT . BAXRWNH RK$H RADA AT MNIWT QBWCT HMI&W@ HAMRIQAIT 
( % 93 ) B@SQW , TWK $HIA M$LMT TMWRTN BMNIWTIH HIA . BSWPW $L HTHLIK , 
WLAXR HXLPT MNK"L @SQW , TP&L HXBRH HAMRIQAIT GM KZRW& $IWWQIT $L HMP&L 
BARC . K&T $WQLIM BRADA HNPQH NWSPT BARH"B . MBNH HB&LWT KIWM HWA % 45 
BIDI HCIBWR , % 33 BIDI QBWCT M$QI&IM DRWM AMRIQAIT W%31 BIDIW $L NISNZWN . 
RADA LA NICLH AT TQWPT HLIBRLIZCIH LTRGILI RI$WM BXW"L , $B&ZRTM HPKW 
LA M&@ XBRWT BTXWM HT&$IIH HMTWXKMT BARC LXBRWT - BNWT $L XBRWT AMRIQAIWT . 
BCD HMXMAWT LMHIRWT HTGWBH HM$TPRT $L HAWCR , BNQ I$RAL WM$RD HT&$IIH , 
HIH NISNZWN M&DIP &WD XWP$ BTXWM HM@B& . &IQR MAMC HGIDWL $L RADA MWPNH 
L$WQI HICWA . CIWD BDIQH MMWX$B MN HSWG HMIWCR KIWM BMP&L &BWR M@WSIM 
WM&RKWT ALQ@RWNIWT CBAIWT , NDR$ GM B$WQ HT&WPH HAZRXIT . KIWM , MNHLT 
HXBRH MG&IM LPITWX CIWD BDIQH LBWAING 777 . BDIQH IDNIT $L QWPSAWT ALQ@RWNIWT , 
HAWRKT $$ $&WT , DWR$T PXWT MMXCIT H$&H &BWDH BCIWD MMWX$B WKKL $HZMN 
XWLP NMCAWT QWPSAWT KALH BIWTR WIWTR MQWMWT . B&TID , AWLI IHIH $WQ 
LCIWD BDIQH GM BT&$IIT HRKB . 

* 

I$ LHPWK AT R$WT HDWAR LXBRH MM$LTIT KC&D RA$WN , WMTWK MGMH LHPR@TH 
KK MMLIC CWWT BIN - M$RDI , BH$TTTPWT NCIGI M$RD HAWCR , HTQ$WRT WR$WT 
HDWAR , $MWNH LBDWQ AT HAP$RWIWT LHPIKT HR$WT LXBRH MM$LTIT . HDW"X , 
$HWG$ ATMWL LMNK"L HAWCR I&QB LIP$IC , WLMNK"L M$RD HTQ$WRT ABI DWRWN , 
MMLIC : A . XBRT HDWAR T&SWQ BTXWMI HP&ILWT HNWKXIIM $L R$WT HDWAR WNW$AIM 
NWSPIM KPI $IWXL@ B&TID . B . MWNWPWL HXBRH &L M$LWX HPNIM BARC IWSR 
BHDRGH . G . HPIQWX &L HMXIRIM IBW@L &L - PI QCB HSRT HMWNWPWL LTQWPH 
$TIQB& . LPI BXINH $L HIQP H$WQ IIQB& HAM MTQIIM MWNWPWL DH - PQ@W , 
HMCRIK AT H$BT HPIQWX . D . HAXRIWT LBWLI I$RAL TI$AR MMLKTIT , AWLM 
THLIKI HBICW& $L HNPQT HBWLIM IHIW BIDI H$IRWT HBWLAI $L HXBRH HMM$LTIT 
LTQWPH $TIQB& . H . XBRT HDWAR THIH NCIGT I$RAL LHSKMIM BIN - LAWMIIM 
MWL MINHL HDWAR , LPXWT B$NIM HQRWBWT . W . IBW@L MWNWPWL HXBRH &L MTN 
$IRWTIM LBNQ HDWAR . $IRWTI HBNQ IIQNW BHTAM LMDINIWT $TIQB& . Z . I$WNH 
MBNH HHWN WHHTXIIBWIWT , KDI LHTAIMM LMBNH HWN $L XBRH &SQIT . HWW&DH 
MMLICH LHQIM CWWT &BWDH LHKNT H$INWIIM HNDR$IM LHPIKT HR$WT LXBRH , LRBWT 
$INWI XWQ R$WT HDWAR WH&RKH MXWD$T $L HNKSIM $HW&BRW LR$WT WHSDRT RI$WMM 
BMAZN HXBRH HXD$H . 

* 

XBRT HT&WPH HSINIT QIBLH AT M@WS HM@&N RXB - HGWP HRA$WN MDGM BWAING AP002747 . 
HM@WS NMSR BM&MD XGIGI BSIA@L , WA$ING@WN , BH$TTPWT MNK"L XBRT HT&WPH 
HSINIT , IAN $AI AN . $AI AN AMR KI HM@WS IP&L BQWWIM BIN SIN LLWS ANGLS , 
SN PRNSISQW , LWNDWN , PARIS WHWNG QWNG . HWA I@IS LM&RB B&IQR MWCRI 
@QS@IL , WI$A XZRH MWCRI X$ML , ALQ@RWNIQH WMX$BIM . HM@WS IKWL L$AT 
M@&N BM$QL 111500 Q"G , L@WWX @ISH $L 6500 Q"M . 

* 

, H&WSQT BTXWM H$IWWQ HI$IR , N&RKT LQRAT HRXBH M$M&WTIT BP&ILWTH BI$RAL , 
LAXR $QIBLH H$Q&T HWN XD$H $HZRIM AI$ H&SQIM $LMH BCIA , HMIICG QBWCT 
M$QI&IM AMRIQAIIM . KIWM MWNH QBWCT - $LW$ XBRWT : - $IWWQ I$IR , 
XIWG I$IR B&"M H&WSQT B@LMRQ@ING , WT - D - M T&$IWT DWAR M$WLB , H&WSQT 
B&@IPT DBRI DWAR WHKNTM LM$LWX . $LMH BCIA , $IKHN KMNK"L M$WTP B - - 
, LCDW $L &WDD RWZN $HQIM AT HXBRH , HIH B&BR MNHL BBNQ AIGWD . BCIA 
MAMIN $BTWK $NIM MSPR ISTKMW &SQI HDIWWR HI$IR BI$RAL B&$RWT MILIWNI DWLR 
B$NH , WINGSW B%01%02 M$WQ HPRSWM BI$RAL . 

* 

LWNDWN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . P$I@WT RGL AI$IWT BANGLIH WBWWIILS HGI&W 
L$IA BRB&WN H$LI$I $L H$NH , WP$I@WT RGL $L XBRWT &LW LMSPR $MLBD BRA$IT 
5891 LA HIH KMWTW . AT HNTWNIM MSR M$RD HMSXR WHT&$IIH HBRI@I . BXWD$IM 
IWLI - SP@MBR HTMW@@W 810 , 4 XBRWT HMSPR HGDWL BIWTR BRB&WN AXD BXM$ 
H$NIM HAXRWNWT , W%32 IWTR MA$R BRB& HQWDM . 745 , 3 AN$IM HKRIZW &L 
P$I@WT RGL AI$IWT BAWTH TQWPH % 36 IWTR MHRB& HMQBIL A$TQD . ARGWN L$KWT 
HMSXR HBRI@IWT HBI& TQWWH MSWIGT KI HMSPRIM LRB&WN HBA IHIW NMWKIM IWTR , 
B&QBWT NAWMW $L $R HAWCR BPRLMN@ BIWM H $&BR , BW HB@IX TWSPT TQCIBIM 
LM@RWT $WNWT . 

* 

HTNHGWT HDWLR BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM MAZ PRWC M$BR HMPRC DWMH LNDNDH H&WLH WIWRDT 
AK MWCBT BKL P&M BMDRGH NMWKH IWTR . BXWD$IM AWGWS@ WSP@MBR HIW TNWDWT 
HDWLR MWL HMARQ BRMH $BIN 06 . 1 L55 . 1 , BXWD$ AWQ@WBR BIN 55 . 1 LBIN 
05 . 1 WBNWBMBR HXL HDWLR LBDWQ AT ICIBWT HMDRGH $M&WLM LA HIH BH , BRMH 
$MTXT L05 . 1 MWL HMARQ . KMW BXWD$IM HQWDMIM , MGLH HDWLR N@IIH XZQH 
LHM$IK WLGLW$ M@H , IXD &M AWWIRT HMITWN HM$TRRT BARH"B WHNTWNIM HKLKLIIM 
HMXZQIM AWTH . HX$$ MMLXMH BMPRC MAW$$ AT HDWLR BAWPN ZMNI , KZKR LIMIM 
BHM HIWWH HDWLR M@B& MQL@ , WK$XLH RGI&H $B HDWLR LMSLWL HHXL$WT $LW . 
B$BW& $&BR HITH ZW MRGR@ TACR $BLMH AT NPILT HDWLR , BAZHRH HPWMBIT $$IGRH 
LSDAM XWSIIN BIWM D BDBR HP&LT KWXWT B&LWT HBRIT BAM LA IPNH B&CMW AT 
KWWIIT . HWD&T BW$ BIWM H &L HGDLT KWXWT ARH"B BS&WDIH , KHKNH LAWPCIH 
HTQPIT , NTNH LDWLR TMIKH MLXMTIT Q@NH NWSPT , AK GM HIA LA HCLIXH L$WB 
WLH&LWTW M&L L05 . 1 MWL HMARQ . HIN HIPNI RGI$ QCT IWTR MHMARQ LQWLWT 
HMLXMH MN HMPRC , BGLL HTLWT HMWXL@T KM&@ $L IPAN BIBWA HDLQ MAZWR ZH , 
WLKN NXL$ HIN B$BW& $&BR MWL HDWLR , AK GM MWL HMARQ WHM@B&WT HAIRWPIIM 
HAXRIM . GRMNIH MKWNST &TH BTWK &CMH BTHLIK HAIN@NSIWWI $L AIXWD $TI HGRMNIWT . 
HCWRK LGIIS H$Q&WT XWC BHIQP &CWM B$NIM HQRWBWT , WHX$$ MHTLQXWT AINPLCIWNIT 
&QB HGIR&WN BTQCIB , HBIA AT HBWNDSBNQ , HBNQ HMRKZI HGRMNI , L$MIRH 
&L RMT RIBIT GBWHH WAP LH&LATH LPNI K$BW& . HTWCAH HNLWWIT $L HTXZQWT 
HMARQ MWL HDWLR WM@B&WT AXRIM , TWPST &TH MQWM M$NI BX$IBWTW ACL HGRMNIM . 
CRPT , AI@LIH WMDINWT AXRWT BIB$T $NMCAWT IXD &M GRMNIH BHSDR HM@B&WT 
HAIRWPI , HXLW LXW$ MAWIMWT NWKX THLIK HTXZQWT HMARQ , HGWRR B&GLTW 
GM AT M@B&WTIHN . KW$R HTXRWT $LHN B$WQI H&WLM NPG& WXWSNN HKLKLI , 
LMRWT H$IPWR $L H$NIM HAXRWNWT , AINW DWMH LZH $L GRMNIH . &L RQ& ZH 
BAH H$BW& QRIATW $L $R HAWCR HCRPTI BRGWBWI LKINWS DXWP $L $B& HMDINWT 
HT&$IITIWT HXZQWT , LMCIAT RMH MWSKMT L$&R HDWLR . MWLW NICBT ARH"B 
MCD AXD , TWK HTIIXSWT SWBLNIT AW AP &IDWD NPILT HDWLR KDRK L&IDWD KLKLTH 
HMTMTNT , WGRMNIH MCD $NI HM&WNIINT BMARQ XZQ L&IDWD H$Q&WT HWN WLMNI&T 
HTPTXWT AINPLCIWNIT . H$BW& MTKNST BARH"B W&IDT H$WQ HPTWX , HGWP HQWB& 
AT HMDINIWT HMWNI@RIT $L HPDRL RIZRB . HH$&RWT HN $HHNXIH $TTQBL THIH 
HIXL$WT HRISWN HMWNI@RI WHWRDH NWSPT BQRWB $L HRIBIT BARH"B . HXL@H KZW , 
AM AKN TTQBL , TCIB AT NDNDT HDWLR MDRGH AXT NMWK IWTR . 

* 

SAW PAWLW ( &"R ) . PQID BRZILAI BKIR AMR KI HMM$LH AINH IKWLH L&RWB 
LKK $TG$IM AT HM@RWT $HCIBH L&CMH BKL HQ$WR LMIGWR HAINPLCIH BMW&D $QB&H 
RA$IT 1991 DIWWX B$BT H&ITWN " PWLHA " . AN@WNIW QANDIR , MZKIR MIWXD 
LMDINIWT KLKLIT , AMR KI &LIITM $L MXIRI HNP@ B$L HM$BR BMPRC , AINH 
MAP$RT LHB@IX KI HAINPLCIH TNWCX &D XWD$ MARS , KMTWKNN . KA$R HN$IA , 
PRNNDW QWLWR DH MLW , NKNS LTPQIDW BXWD$ MARS $&BR , AMR KI M@RTW H&IQRIT 
HIA LMGR AT HAINPLCIH HTLWLH $L BRZIL TWK $NH . " ANW MQWWIM LIRIDH M$M&WTIT 
BAINPLCIH BRBI& HRA$WN $L 1991 " , AMR QANDIR , " AWLM B$WM AWPN AINNW 
IKWLIM LA$R ZAT , MAXR $AINNI IWD& MH IHIH BMZRX HTIKWN " . BIN AMC& SP@MBR 
LAMC& AWQ@WBR &LW HMXIRIM LCRKN B%2 . 41 , WKLKLNIM AMRW KI HAINPLCIH 
MXMIRH . QWLWR IR$ AINPLCIH XWD$IT $L IWTR M%08 MHGBWHWT B&WLM . HMM$LH 
AMRH KI H&LIIH HXDH BMXIRI HNP@ TALC AT BRZIL LIBA NP@ B4 . 5 MILIARD 
DWLR B0991 , L&WMT 8 . 3 MILIARD DWLR B$NH $&BRH . 

* 

LWNDWN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . BIT HDIN HAIRWPI QB& BIWM $$I , $AI - QBLT 
A$H L&BWDH BGLL HIWTH BHRIWN MHWWH APLIH BLTI - XWQIT . KIDW& , KPWPWT 
KL MDINWT AIRWPH , MRCWNN , LHXL@WTIW $L BIT - DIN ZH . HPSIQH BAH B&QBWT 
DIWN BMQRH $L A$H HWLNDIT , $HITH BXWD$ H$LI$I LHRIWNH KA$R NISTH LH$IG 
&BWDH BTWR MWRH . KL HMW&MDWT LTPQID HIW N$IM , WHM&SIQIM PSLW AT HPWNH 
B@&NH $TKBID &L TQCIB BIT HSPR , MKIWWN $THIH ZKAIT BTWK ZMN QCR LXWP$T 
LIDH . BBRI@NIH ( WBI$RAL ) PSQW &D KH BTI HM$P@ KI AIN LP@R A$H HRH 
ALA BNSIBWT MIWXDWT , AWLM LA HT&RBW B$IQWLIM LGBI H&SQTH AW AI - H&SQTH 
$L A$H BHRIWN . &TH IC@RKW MDINWT AIRWPH LHTAIM AT HNWHL , WBMQRH HCWRK 
GM AT HXQIQH , LPSIQH HXD$H . 

* 

MDI XWD$ NWBMBR , B&T HDIWNIM BAWCR LQRAT HG$T TQCIB HMDINH HXD$ LMM$LH , 
MW&LWT HHC&WT " LH@IL MSIM " , " LGZWR GZIRWT &L HCIBWR " , " LHKBID 
AT HN@L " WKIW"B . BKL P&M $HAWCR MWDI& &L KWWNTW LHP&IL TWKNIT KLKLIT 
XD$H , M$G&IM AT HCIBWR B$WRT AIWMIM , $II$WMN IPG& BKIS $L KL AZRX . 
ATMWL LM$L , PWRSM KI BM$RD HAWCR N$QLT HHC&H LH&LWT AT $I&WRW $L MS 
&RK MWSP M%61 L%71 AW L%81 ; LXILWPIN HWC& LH&LWT AT MSI HQNIIH , LM$L 
&L MKWNIWT , MK$IRI @LWWIZIH , MK$IRI WIDAW , SIGRIWT WM$QAWT XRIPIM , 
AW LH@IL MS ISP . &WD HWSBR , KI HCWRK BH&LAT M&"M AW BH&LAT MSI QNIIH 
NW&D LCMCM AT HGIR&WN HCPWI BTQCIB . BSWP H$BW& HWPI& $R HAWCR , ICXQ 
MWD&I , BSIMPWZIWN BTL - ABIB , WBW HKRIZ KI " TQCIB 19 KRWK BPGI&H 
BKIS HCIBWR " . NRAH $GM HP&M HWLKT HMM$LH LBXWR BDRK HQLH LHQ@IN AT 
GIR&WNH HTQCIBI BAMC&WT H@LT MSIM . HMM$LH CRIKH LQBW& AT M&RKT H&DPWTIH 
HLAWMIIM . BHNXH $QLI@T H&LIIH HIA BSDR &DIPWT MAWD GBWH , &L HMM$LH 
LHQ@IN HWCAWT BS&IPIM AXRIM , KDI LHQCWT KSPIM LQLI@T H&LIIH . KK GM 
NHG DWD BN - GWRIWN , BHP&ILW B$NT 3525 AT TWKNITW HKLKLIT . BN - GWRIWN 
QICC BTQCIB HBI@XWN WBHWCAWT HMM$LH KDI LMMN AT QLI@T H&LIIH . AMNM IMIM 
ALW AINM DWMIM LIMI $NWT H05 , ABL MWTR LNQW@ AWTH $I@H . LGWPW $L &NIIN , 
H&LAT M&"M WMSIM &QIPIM TBIA BHKRX L&LIIT HAINPLCIH , BZMN $HAINPLCIH 
BI$RAL &DIIN RXWQH MHI&D $ALIW ANW RWCIM L$AWP . H&LAT $I&WRI HM&"M &LWLH 
LHBIA LGL &LIWT MXIRIM , $I&LW BIWTR MAXWZ AXD AW $NIIM $I&WR HGDLT 
HM&"M HMWC& . ITR - &L - KN : H&LAT MSIM &LWLH DWWQA LPGW& BCMIXH , 
$HIA AWLI HDBR HX$WB BIWTR LM$Q . H&LAT MSIM &LWLH LGRWM LAW DWWQA LHQ@NT 
HCRIKH HPR@IT , ALA LHQ@NT HXISKWN $L HPR@ , AW LTBI&WT $KR . HAM LZH 
HM$Q ZQWQ K&T ? MH $MWZR BKL H&NIIN HWA , $KBR K&T MBQ$ HAWCR LH&LWT 
MSIM , &WD B@RM HXLW HDIWNIM BMM$LH BNW$A HTQCIB , BMQWM LNSWT WLLXWC 
&L H$RIM LQCC BTQCIB M$RDM . AIZH $R ITN AT IDW LQICWC BM$ABI M$RDW , 
BIWD&W KI LBSWP WBLIT BRIRH , I&DIP HAWCR H&LAT MSIM &L QICWC BTQCIB ? 
LPI GI$H ZW $L H&DPH LH&LWT MSIM &L QICWC BCRIKH HCIBWRIT , AWLI MIWTR 
LBQ$ MH$RIM LQCC BTQCIBM ? 

* 

, 2 AQDXI $IRWT , KDI LXM$ $W@RIM B$IRWT P&IL . HAQDXIM HXSRIM MIW&DIM 
LH$LMT XIMW$M $L K31 ALP H$W@RIM , HM$RTIM BM$@RH BTPQIDIM $WNIM . HMXSWR 
HXMWR BKLI HN$Q NX$P BDIWNIM $HTNHLW BAXRWNH BIN BKIRIM BM$@RH , WHTQBL 
BTDHMH LNWKX HHXMRH BB&IWT BI@XWN HPNIM . H&WBDH $LM$@RT I$RAL AIN DI 
KLI N$Q KDI LXM$ AT $W@RIH WLAP$R LHM LHGN &L &CMM , M&WRRT BIQWRT RBH 
ACL GWRMIM MBC&IIM BKIRIM BM$@RH , $HGDIRW AT HMCB KMXDL XMWR . BAXRWNH 
&W$H HM$@RH MAMCIM LHC@IID BAQDXIM HXSRIM LH , AK GWRMIM HM&WRIM BNW$A 
M&RIKIM KI &L AP ZIRWZ HHLIKIM , I&BWR &WD ZMN RB &D $IWSDRW H&NIINIM 
HTQCIBIIM WHLWGIS@IIM $IAP$RW ASPQT N$Q AI$I LKL $W@R . B$LB ZH HWZRMW 
LIXIDWT HM$@RH KL HAQDXIM WTTI - HMQL& MSWG &WZI HNMCAIM BMXSNI HM$@RH , 
AK HKMWIWT AINN MSPIQWT WKLI HN$Q XWLQW SLQ@IWWIT , &L - PI $IQWL HD&T 
$L HMPQDIM B$@X . QPIDBINB&IT HTXM$WT H$W@RIM HWXMRH MAD B$NH HAXRWNH , 
LAXR $PIQWD HM$@RH HWCIA HWRAH $LPIH NASR &L $W@RIM LBWA L&BWDH XMW$IM 
BAQDXIM PR@IIM HMWXZQIM &L - IDM BR$IWN . LNWKX XWMRT HMCB WNISIWNWT 
HPGI&H HXWZRIM WN$NIM B$W@RIM , NDWNH BPIQWD HM$@RH LPNI KMH $BW&WT HC&H 
LB@L AT HHWRAH HAWSRT &L $W@RIM LH$TM$ BAQDXIHM HPR@IIM , AWLM MSIBWT 
BLTI - BRWRWT HWXL@ LA L$NWT AT HHWRAH HQIIMT , AP $QCINIM BKIRIM TMKW 
BH KPTRWN ZMNI . LNWKX H&WBDH KI H$W@RIM HPKW B$BW&WT HAXRWNIM LI&D TQIPH 
MW&DP &L MXBLIM PL$TINAIM , GBRH HHTNGDWT BM$@RH LLBW$ MDIM , &L - PI 
HNXIH $HWCIA LPNI KMH XWD$IM MPK"L HM$@RH I&QB @RNR . &QB HNXIH ZW HXLW 
MAWT $W@RIM W$W@RWT RWBM M$RTIM BTPQIDI M@H , $IRWTIM WMNHLH LLBW$ 
MDIM . RWB H$W@RIM HLLW AINM XMW$IM WAINM MAWMNIM LP&ILWT MBC&IT WLHGNH 
&CMIT . BM$@RH @W&NIM RBIM , KI H$W@RIM HLLW &LWLIM L$M$ M@RH QLH LPIGW&IM , 
WDWR$IM LAP$R LHM LLKT BBGDIM AZRXIIM . DWBR HM$@RH , SN"C &DI GWNN , 
AMR BTGWBH KI LPI AWMDN HM$@RH , MDWBR BMXSWR $L RQ K000 , 1 AQDXIM , 
WHM$@RH MTKNNT AT RKI$TM . LDBRIW , I$ DI AQDXIM LKL MI $ZQWQ LN$Q 
LM$IMWT $W@PWT WMBC&IWT . HWA HWSIP KI " KL AN$I HM$@RH $HTNGDW B$&TW 
LLBI$T MDIM B@&NWT $WNWT , M&LIM &TH AT H@I&WN $L HB&IH HBI@XWNIT . 
HM$@RH LA TTXBA WKL HNIMWQIM $HIW NKWNIM K$NITNH HHNXIH LLBW$ MDIM NKWNIM 
GM HIWM " . 

* 

" @W&H MI $XW$B KI PINWI AZWRIM $WNIM BBIIRWT &L IDI LWXMI MILICIWT AXDWT 
MB$R AT TXILTW $L THLIK PIRWQN $L HMILICIWT H$WNWT BLBNWN MN$QN . BSWPW 
$L DBR , HMILICIWT H$WL@WT BKL AZWRI HMPTX WHNQWDWT HAS@R@GIWT SBIB HBIRH 
HLBNWNIT LA PINW AWTM " . KK H&RIKW BSWP H$BW& GWRMIM CBAIIM BKIRIM HM&WRIM 
BMTRX$ BLBNWN . LDBRIHM , PINWI HAZWRIM H$WNIM BBIRT LBNWN N&$H RQ B$WLIIM 
LA MMWQDIM , $H$LI@H BHM MAP$RT HP&LT LXC &L HMM$L HMRKZI . KK , LM$L , 
LA PINW AN$I HMILICIH HDRWZIT $L WALID GWNBLA@ AT AZWR &LII WAILW LWXMI 
HMILICIH $L SMIR G&G& LA PINW AT NML BIIRWT . AZWRIM ALH HM B&LI X$IBWT 
AS@R@GIT RBH WLA BRWR KLL $LXC $L HMM$L HMRKZI IWKL LHBIA LPINWIIM WH&BRT 
H$LI@H BHM LIDI CBA LBNWN . BHTIIXSM LHTPTXWIWT HCPWIWT B@WWX HARWK M&RIKIM 
HGWRMIM HCBAIIM KI LA I$TNH MHWTIT HMCB $L PIZWR MWQDI H&WCMH HCBAIT BIN 
HMILICIWT H$WNWT , WNRAH KI ALW IM$IKW LHTQIIM WL$LW@ BMWBL&WT HNMCAWT 
HIWM B$LI@TN . IRIDTM $L LWXMIM MARGWN AML MAZWR BIIRWT LKIWWN DRWM LBNWN 
NW&D B&IQRW LRCWT AT HSWRIM . &M ZAT , KA$R ITNG$W HAIN@RSIM $L AML 
&M ALH $L H$L@WN HSWRI , LA IHSSW RA$I HARGWN H$I&I LNQW@ MDINIWT &CMAIT . 
&L PI H&RKT HGWRMIM HCBAIIM LA CPWIH MTQPH MTWAMT $L PL$TINAIM WAN$I MILICIWT 
$I&IWT AW AXRWT &L AZWR GZIN . KL GWRMI HKWX HMRWKZIM BDRWM LBNWN MBINIM 
HI@B KI MTQPH &L GZIN BMGMH LKWB$H MIDI CD"L TIX$B LPRWBWQCIH $I$RAL LA 
TWKL LH$LIM &MH . LPIKK , SBIR LHNIX KI HM LA I&ZW LIZWM MTQPH RXBT 
HIQP NGD HMWBL&T HNWCRIT HZW . QPIDBINQHIR ( &"R ) . MCRIM MTXH ATMWL 
BIQWRT &L I$RAL , B&QBWT DBRIW $L $R HBI@XWN M$H ARNS , KI I$RAL LA 
TAP$R LMM$LT LBNWN LH$TL@ MXD$ &L GZIN . " TWKN HHCHRH HZAT MB@A KWWNH 
I$RALIT $LA LSGT MDRWM LBNWN BTIRWCIM QLW$IM $L B@XWN " NAMR BHWD&H 
$L M$RD HXWC HMCRI . " M$RD HXWC QIBL DBRIM ALH BDAGH &MWQH " , NAMR 
BHM$K . BHWD&H QRAH MCRIM LI$RAL LKBD AT HXL@T MW&CT HBI@XWN M$NT 7891 , 
HQWRAT LNSIGH I$RALIT MDRWM LBNWN , WLHRXBT $L@WN HMDINH HLBNWNIT . 


* 

&QWRI BIR&M &WMDIM LXD$ AT MABQM L$WB LKPRM . HSIBH HMIIDIT : MWD&H 
$L MINHL MQRQ&I I$RAL &L KWWNTW LMSWR AT $ARIT HADMWT HPNWIWT $L HKPR 
LIDI QIBWC BR&M $L H$WMR HC&IR . TW$BIM MHKPR QRAW MWD&H $PWRSMH B&ITWNIM 
LPIH MTKWWN HMINHL LH&BIR LIDI QIBWC BR&M $@X $L K006 , 4 DWNM BAZWR HCPWNI 
$L KPR BIR&M . HMINHL MTKWWN LH&NIQ LQIBWC AT HZKWT LBC& B$@XIM ALH KKL 
$I&LH &L RWXW , KWLL BI@WL GBWLWT BIN XLQWT , &QIRT &CIM , PRICT DRKIM 
XD$WT WBI@WL DRKIM I$NWT . HMWD&H B&ITWNIM HZMINH GWRMIM B&LI &NIIN LHGI$ 
HTNGDWIWT . NCIGIM $L &QWRI BIR&M HGI$W HTNGDWT BAMC&WT PRQLI@I HAGWDH 
LZKWIWT HAZRX BI$RAL . HM $WQLIM GM PNIH LBIT HM$P@ BNW$A ZH . KMW KN 
HGI$W NCIGI H&QWRIM BQ$H LM$@RH L&RWK HPGNH BIWM H$NH LGIRW$ MKPRM ( 
LPNI 24 $NIM ) HXL B$BW& HBA . 

* 

HHTX$BNWIWT BIN QWPWT HXWLIM LBIN HMWSD LBI@WX LAWMI MHWWT &NIIN LTBI&H 
NWSPT $HGI$H BSWP $BW& $&BR QWPT - XWLIM MAWXDT NGD HMWSD LBI@WX LAWMI 
W$AR QWPWT HXWLIM , LBIT HDIN HAZWRI L&BWDH BTL - ABIB . MKTB HTBI&H , 
$HGI$ &W"D DN GIWRA , &WLH KI MAZ 4891 &T HTQIIM HMPQD HMHWWH BSIS 
LXLWQT HKSPIM $L MS MQBIL , XLH &LIIH BMSPR H$KIRIM XBRI HQWPH , WBM$KWRT 
HKWLLT MMNH M$WLM HMS HMQBIL . KIDW& , HMWSD LBI@WX LAWMI , HGWBH AT 
HMS HMQBIL MHM&BIDIM , MXLQW LQWPWT HXWLIM H$WNWT . MPTX HXLWQH M&WDKN 
KIWM LPI HMPQD M4891 . HTBI&H HZW , KMW GM TBI&H QWDMT $L QWPT - XWLIM 
MKBI , MTIIXST L&DKWN MPTX HXLWQH NKWN LMPQD HAXRWN $N&$H BSP@MBR LPNI 
$NH . HMPQD N&$H BM&NH LDRI$WTIHM $L QWPT - XWLIM MKBI , QWPT - XWLIM 
MAWXDT WQWPT - XWLIM LAWMIT . &IBWD HNTWNIM HSTIIM LPNI XWD$ , WH$BW& 
AMWRIM LHSTIIM HBIRWRIM HAXRWNIM . HTBI&H HWG$H LAXR $LTWB&T NWD& , L@&NTH , 
KI HMWSD $WQL $LA LXLQ AT HMS HMQBIL &L - PI NTWNI HMPQD MMW&D QIWMW , 
ALA RQ MMW&D PRSWM MPTX HXLWQH AW MW&D MAWXR IWTR . H@&NH HMRKZIT HIA 
$QWPT - XWLIM HKLLIT MQBLT MKSPI HMS HMQBIL XLQ IXSI GBWH MHMGI& LH LPI 
HMCB B$@X . 

* 

BRAIWN RA$WN L@LWWIZIH M&RBIT AMR ATMWL SDAM XWSIIN L@LWWIZIH H&CMAIT 
HBRI@IT , $HWA RWCH " LQIIM $IXWT M&MIQWT &L KL B&IWT HMZRX HTIKWN , 
K$BRA$ WBRA$WNH I$ LDBR &L B&IIT PL$TIN " . ZW HITH T$WBTW &L H$ALH , 
AM HWA MWKN LCAT MKWWIIT . HMRAIIN $AL AT SDAM , $NRAH NINWX B$IXH , 
&L DRI$T RA$ HMM$LH TACR KI &IRAQ T$LWM PCWIIM MLAIM &L NZQIM HPLI$H 
LKWWIIT B2 BAWGWS@ . " GB TACR AMRH ZAT ? " , $AL SDAM . " HAM HTII&CH 
&M H&WLM LPNI $AMRH ZAT ? ZAT AINNH HB&IH " . &WD B@RM $WDR HRAIWN KWLW , 
NIDXW HDBRIM &L HSP &L - IDI $R HHGNH HBRI@I @WM QING , BRAIWN AXR BAWTH 
R$T @LWWIZIH . QING AMR , $SDAM M$TM$ BTKSISIM $WNIM KL H&T KDI LHRWWIX 
ZMN , AWLM I$ LQXT BRCINWT GMWRH AT DBRI MRGR@ TACR $AM LA IICA MKWWIIT 
BQRWB , IGWR$ M$M BKWX . " AM HWA LA IISWG MHR IHIH &LIW L&MWD BKL HTWCAWT . 
ZH LA BLWP " , AMR QING . BTWK KK AMR QING KI ITKN WBRI@NIH T$LX CBA 
NWSP LMPRC . QING AMR KI BMQRH $L HTQPH INSW KWXWT HBRIT LHWRID AT HABIDWT 
&D LMINIMWM . LDBRIW &LWLT HABIDWT LHGI& &D 000 , 001 . QING AMR KI &IRAQ 
CPWIH LP&WLWT TGMWL XMWRWT BIWTR AM IWP&L N$Q KIMI NGD XIILI HCBA HBRI@I . 
" IHIH ZH HM&$H H@P$I BIWTR $HWA IWKL L&$WT " , AMR QING . BRAIWN BBGDAD 
HGIB SDAM BBI@WL &L AIWM TACR , $HW$M& B$BW& $&BR BBIT HNBXRIM , BAMRW 
$B&LWT BRITH AINN BDI&H ZW , WIQ$H &LIH L$KN& AWTM . QPIDBINBTWK KK AMR 
CIR HQWNGRS HAMRIQAI GWN MWR@H , DMWQR@ MPNSILWWNIH , HMBQR &TH BS&WDIH , 
KI ITKN WIHIH NISIWN LRCWX AT SDAM XWSIIN . MWR@H AMR BMSIBT &ITWNAIM 
KI HSNQCIWT $HW@LW &L &IRAQ MTXILWT LP&WL W&L PI HMID& HMCWI BR$WTW IHIW 
LHM TWCAWT M$M&WTIWT B&WD KXWD$ . MWR@H AMR &WD KI PI@WRI HRM@K"L H&IRAQI 
HM SIMN LKK $SDAM MWDAG MAP$RWT $L HPIKH BSBIBTW HQRWBH . " ANI SBWR 
$IHIH NISIWN LRCWX AWTW , MI$HW INSH LXSL AWTW " , AMR MWR@H . CIR HQWNGRS 
QRA LPIRWQ N$Q HH$MDH HHMWNI $BIDI &IRAQ , APILW TSKIM ZW LSGT MKWWIIT . 
H&ITWN HLBNWNI " A - $RQ " HMSTMK &L MQWRWT BPN@GWN MSR KI HAMRIQAIM 
&WMDIM LTQWP B&IRAQ WBKWWIIT 007 , 1 M@RWT , BINIHN $DWT T&WPH W&MDWT 
@ILIM . QPIDBINBNAWM MIWXD WBLTI MTWKNN $HWPNH AL " HAWMH H&RBIT " HZHIR 
ATMWL XSN H$NI MLK MRWQW KI HMLXMH BMPRC QRWBH IWTR MAI P&M , WKI " HMLXMH 
BIN H&RBIM LBIN &CMM KBR MTDPQT &L HDLT " . HMLK XSN QRA BNAWMW L&RWK BTWK 
$BW& PSGT XIRWM KDI LH&NIQ LIWZMH HMDINIT " HZDMNWT AXRWNH " LPNI $MTXILH 
HMLXMH BMPRC . NRAH KI QRIATW $L HMLK LA TPWL &L AZNIM Q$WBWT , $KN IWTR 
MDI GWRMIM B&WLM H&RBI , WBRA$M MCRIM , MTNGDIM LPSGH $KZW , A$R THPWK , 
LDBRI HN$IA MWBARQ , L"PSGH $L QLLWT " . QPIDBINIXIDWT NXTIM HMWCBWT 
BS&WDIH , IBC&W &WD H$BW& TMRWN NXITH GDWL LID GBWL KWWIIT ZAT MGLH 
" NIWZWWIQ " . LDBRI H$BW&WN , IBWC& HTMRWN LA HRXQ MM$GRI @ILIM AN@I 
IMIIM $HCIBW H&IRAQIM BNQWDT HGBWL . MQWRWT BMM$L AMRW , KI M@RT HTMRWN 
AINNH LGRWT AT SDAM XWSIIN LPTWX BMLXMH , ALA LHBHIR LW KI LXIL HM$LWX 
H&WCMH HDRW$H LMLXMH WHWA MWKN LMTQPH . HMQWRWT HWSIPW KI AM &IRAQ TTQWP 
AT KWX HNXITH $I$TTP BTMRWN , TGIB ARH"B BKWX KDI LHGN &L IXIDWT HNXTIM . 
" NIW IWRQ @IIMS " DIWWX ATMWL , KI MPQD HNXTIM , GNRL RWBR@ GWNSWN , 
HWRH LXIILIW HMWCBIM BS&WDIH LHTKWNN LMTQPH NGD &IRAQ $TBWC& BXWD$IM 
HBAIM . H&ITWN MDGI$ KI ZW HP&M HRA$WNH $MPQD BKIR BXIL HM$LWX HAMRIQAI 
MBHIR BCWRH XD - M$M&IT KI HI&D $L HKWX AINW MWGBL LHGNH &L S&WDIH , 
ALA M@RTW GM LHTKWNN LMTQPH NGD &IRAQ . HGNRL AMR LIXIDWT KI " HM$XQ 
H$TNH " WHMLXMH &LWLH LHIWT Q$H IWTR MZW $HTXWLLH BWWI@NAM . " HATGR 
$L MLXMH AP$RIT , HWA HGDWL BIWTR $XIL HNXTIM ID& MZH $NIM RBWT " , AMR . 
HNIWZWWIQ KWTB BGLIWNW HMWPI& HIWM , KI XRP HDIBWRIM HTQIPIM KLPI &IRAQ 
MCD HN$IA BW$ , HMM$L HAMRIQAI IHIH MWKN LHSKIM LMH $MKWNH " P$RH MLWKLKT " , 
LPIH LAXR $HAMRIQAIM IKRIZW &L NCXWN HM IAP$RW LSDAM XWSIIN LCAT MHSKSWK 
BDRK $L KBWD . LPI P$RH ZW , IHIH &L SDAM LSGT MKWWIIT LLA TNAIM MWQDMIM , 
AK WA$ING@WN TAP$R LW LHGI& LHSKM KL$HW $IGWB$ BINW LBIN HMDINWT H&RBIWT . 
LDBRI HMQWR , HMM$L LA IT&RB BM$A WMTN $ITNHL BTWK " HM$PXH H&RBIT 
HMAW$RT " . HMM$L LA ITNGD AM BMSGRT HSKM &RBI ZH IQBL SDAM XWSIIN XLQ 
M$DWT HNP@ BKWWIIT . AK H$ALH HIA , HAM ISKIM SDAM LHSKM &RBI KZH . 
&D KH AIN MCDW $WM SIMN KI HWA MITN AT &MDWTIW . BBIT HLBN $WRRT H&RKH 
KI SDAM ISWG MKWWIIT RQ LAXR $IBIN KI MLXMH HIA BLTI NMN&T . HTGBWRT 
$&L $IGWRH HWXL@ B$BW& $&BR TGI& LS&WDIH BTWK XWD$IIM . BPN@GWN MQWWIM 
KI MTQPH AWWIRIT MASIWWIT T&QWR AT HIXIDWT H&IRQIWT MKWWIIT , AK H&RKH 
HIA KI IIDR$W KWXWT RGLIM KDI LH$LIM AT HMTQPH . 

* 

$R HT&$IIH WHMSXR , M$H NSIM , ICA ATMWL LBIQWR BARH"B KDI LHCIG AT 
TWKNITW L&IDWD H$Q&WT BPNI MNHIGI HQHILH HIHWDIT WM$QI&IM PW@NCIALIIM . 
H$R IHIH AWRX HPDRCIWT $L HQHILWT HIHWDIWT BCPWN AMRIQH , WKN AWRX L$KT 
HMSXR AMRIQH - I$RAL . L$R NSIM TWKNNW PGI$WT &M XBRWT WBNQIM LH$Q&WT , 
&M MNHLIM $L XBRWT &SQIWT BIN - LAWMIWT W&M QBWCWT $L AN$I &SQIM I$RALIM 
L$&BR , $HBI&W NKWNWT L$MW& AT HTNAIM HXD$IM $M&NIQH MM$LT I$RAL LM$QI&IM 
ZRIM . BDRKW XZRH ARCH IWPI& H$R BWW&IDT L$KT HMSXR BRI@NIH - I$RAL BLWNDWN . 
$NSIM IIPG$ &M $R HT&$IIH HBRI@I , WIDWN &MW &L HAP$RWIWT LHGDLT HSXR 
BIN HMDINWT . H$R IIPG$ GM &M QBWCT AN$I &SQIM MANGLIH . LNSIM ITLWWH 
MNK"L M$RDW , CBI QWRN . W&DT HKSPIM &DIIN LA AI$RH AT $I&WR HPRMIH &L 
HHLWWAWT B&RBWT MDINH $IINTNW BMSGRT TWKNIT NSIM . NGID BNQ I$RAL MIKAL 
BRWNW , WGWRMIM KLKLIIM AXRIM , HBI&W BAXRWNH HTNGDWT LHC&TM HM$WTPT 
$L M$RDI HTM"S WHAWCR LH@IL PRMIH $L % 5 . 1 &L HHLWWAWT , B@&NH $ZHW 
$I&WR NMWK MDI . HTWKNIT LA TIKNS LTWQP &D $IAW$R $I&WR HPRMIH . 

* 

MWD&H ANWNIMIT $PWRSMH BIMIM ALH B&ITWNWT DIWWXH &L HTARGNWT " QWNSWRCIWM 
$L M$QI&IM LRKI$T $LI@H BXBRH HNSXRT BBWRSH . SK HH$Q&H 5 . 2 MILIWN 
DWLR ; LXBRH NKSIM B02 MILIWN DWLR ; HWNH H&CMI 5 . 5 MILIWN DWLR WHRWWX 
HNQI $LH 6 . 0 MILIWN DWLR " . MBDIQH $L " HARC " HTBRR KI MDWBR BXBRT 
ZNLKL , $MNIWTIH R$WMWT LMSXR BBWRSH . ZNLKL &WSQT BIICWR $IMWRIM , 
WLA MKBR RK$H AT H$LI@H BXBRT PRI ZH . HXBRH N$L@T &L - IDI M$PXT $IINPLD , 
HMXZIQH BK%07 MH$LI@H BXBRH ( LPNI DILWL ) . LPNI $BW&WT MSPR NBXNH 
AP$RWT LMKIRT XLQ MMNIWT ZNLKL , $HWXZQW &L - IDI B&LI H$LI@H . XBRT 
HBRWQRIM AWPQ BIQ$H LRKW$ XBILT MNIWT , AK MNK"L HXBRH , I&QB $IINPLD , 
DXH AT HHC&H BGLL XILWQI D&WT &L HMXIR . LPI HH&RKWT , BIQ$ $IINPLD 
LMKWR AT H$LI@H GM LGWRM AXR , TWK QBLT AWPCIH LRKI$TN HXWZRT $L HMNIWT 
B&TID , AK LLA HCLXH . ZNLKL H$LIMH LPNI XWD$IM MSPR GIWS 5 . 51 MILIWN 
$"X BBWRSH , BXITWM " LAWMI W$WT " . XWBH $L HXBRH LBNQ LAWMI MSTKM 
B7 . 71 MILIWN $"X , WLBNQ HBINLAWMI B4 . 31 MILIWN $"X . 2 MILIWN $"X 
MTMWRT HHNPQH IW&DW LHXZR XWBWT LBNQ LAWMI , 5 . 8 MILIWN LHXZR HLWWAH 
LBNQ HPW&LIM W5 MILIWN LHWN XWZR . I&QB $IINPLD DXH ATMWL AT AXT HH$&RWT 
$H&LW XWGIM B$WQ HHWN KI HWA &WMD MAXWRI PRSWM HMWD&H . &M ZAT , AI$R 
$IINPLD KI LNWKX HMCB BXBRH HTQIIMW BHNHLT ZNLKL DIWNIM &L AP$RWT HKNSTW 
$L M$QI& AS@R@GI BM@RH LXZQ AT MBNH HHWN . " AM IPNH ALI M$QI& B$M QWNSWRCIWM 
$L M$QI&IM , A$QWL AT HPNIIH BAWPN &NIINI " , AMR . " AINI IWD& MI 
&WMD MAXWRI HMWD&H WIHIH M&NIIN LD&T BMI MDWBR " , HDGI$ . $IINPLD HWSIP 
KI HXBRH MNHLT BIMIM ALH M$A - WMTN &M $TI XBRWT $IWWQ , L$M H$GT $ITWP 
P&WLH &SQI . 

* 

BM$RD HAWCR LA MWDAGIM MHGIDWL $XL BAXRWNH BGIR&WN HMSXRI $L I$RAL . 
&L - PI NTWNIM $PIRSMH HL$KH HMRKZIT LS@@IS@IQH B$BW& $&BR , GDL HGIR&WN 
HMSXRI B%31 BXWD$IIM HAXRWNIM , &QB &LIIH $L % 4 BIBWA WQIPAWN BICWA . 
BAWCR MCIINIM $MRBIT H&LIIH BIBWA XLH BNKSI H$Q&H WBT$WMWT LIICWR , DBR 
HMCBI& &L HGBRT HP&ILWT BM$Q . LM$L , IBWA MKWNWT WCIWD &LH MMMWC& XWD$I 
$L 001 MILIWN DWLR B$NT 9891 L541 MILIWN BXWD$ $&BR . IBWA T$WMWT LIICWR , 
LLA DLQ WIHLWMIM , &LH MMMWC& XWD$I $L 500 MILIWN B$NH $&BRH L006 MILIWN 
BXWD$ $&BR . BAWCR MCIINIM KI HICWA HT&$IITI LLA IHLWMIM &LH BAWPN MTMID 
BKL RB&WN MAZ SWP 8891 . BMIWXD MCIINIM AT ICWA HMTKWT , HMKWNWT WHALQ@RWNIQH , 
$&LH MMMWC& XWD$I $L 052 MILIWN DWLR BRB& HRA$WN $L 9891 , LMMWC& XWD$I 
$L 003 MILIWN BXWD$IIM HAXRWNIM . 

* 

M$RD HM$P@IM N&NH LBQ$T $IRWT HT&SWQH LHMLIC BPNI W&DT HXWQH $L HKNST 
LHGDIL AT HQNSWT HMINHLIIM LM&SIQIM H&WBRIM AT HWRAWT XWQ $IRWT HT&SWQH , 
M500 $"X L000 , 1 $"X . LPI NTWNI $IRWT HT&SWQH , MW&SQIM BAMC&WT H$IRWT 
RQ K33 ALP M&WBDI H$@XIM . QRWB L07 ALP MW&SQIM BNIGWD LXWQ . HSIBH 
LKK N&WCH BAP$RWT L$LM $KR NMWK L&WBDIM ALH . LDBRI MNK"L $IRWT HT&SWQH , 
DWD MN& , H@LT QNS MINHLI GBWH BSK 000 , 1 $"X THWWH GWRM MRTI& LH&SQT 
&WBDIM $LA KXWQ . 

* 

BNQ KLLI WD"R BW&Z BRQ HQIMW BIMIM ALH XBRT XD$H LII&WC WH$Q&WT BM@"X . 
BNQ KLLI I$LW@ BXBRH HXD$H , $TTMXH B$IRWTI II&WC LXBRWT MSXRIWT WPR@IWT . 
BRQ HWA MWMXH BNW$AI M@"X W$WQI HWN BIN - LAWMIIM . B&BR NIHL XBRT II&WC 
PR@IT . MNK"L BNQ KLLI , ABRHM BIGR , AMR KI HQMT HXBRH HIA $LB NWSP 
BII$WM HMDINIWT H&SQIT $L HBNQ LHTQ$RWT &M GWRMIM P&ILIM B$WQ HHWN . 
HBNQ MXZIQ B%01 MMNIWT XBRT HBRWQRIM AIL , WBMNIWT XBRT TMWRH . NWD& 
KI BNQ KLLI BIQ$ LA MKBR LQBL AWPCIH LHGDLT AXZQWTIW BMNIWT AIL LKDI $LI$ 
MHMNIWT , AK B&LI H$LI@H BXBRH LA N&NW LKK . 

* 

HMLCH LHQIM XBRT T&WPH B$WTPWT &M GWRM T&WPTI TIIRWTI AW &SQI MAIRWPH 
KLWLH BXWWT D&T M$P@IT $HWKNH BM$RD HTXBWRH LXBRT ARQI& WMINHL HT&WPH 
HAZRXIT . HR&IWN HWA LHI&RK LAP$RWT $MDINWT A$R AINN XBRWT BQHILH HAIRWPIT 
IZKW LTNAIM NXWTIM &M HAIXWD HCPWI B29 . BHTAM LXWWT HD&T HM$P@IT , 
$HKINH ARNH PDHCWR MM$RD &WRKI HDIN MIKAL $XM W$WT , HCHIRH NCIBWT HQHILH 
HAIRWPIT HKLKLIT MPWR$WT &L KWWNTH " LP&WL L$INWI HMCB , $BW MDINWT 
$AINN XBRWT BQHILH NHNWT MGI$H L$WWQIM WM&MDH TXRWTIT BTXWMI ARCWT H$WQ 
BMIDH RBH IWTR MZW MMNH NHNWT XBRWT HQHILH BMDINWT MXWCH LH " . HNCIBWT 
XZRH WHDGI$H , KI " MDINWT $AINN XBRWT B$WQ IHIW ZKAIWT LHNWT MITRWNWT 
H$WQ HAIRWPI RQ &L BSIS $L HDDIWT " . 

* 

$R HAWCR ICXQ MWD&I IICA BIWM H LNIW - IWRQ , BMS& LGIWS HWN MBNQIM AMRIQAIM 
B$BIL QLI@T H&LIIH . H$R MWD&I GM IBQ$ MHBNQIM , $XLQ MHM KBR P&ILIM 
BARC , LH&NIQ LI$RAL QWWI A$RAI W&RBWIWT LQBLT A$RAI . LPI H&RKWT $WNWT , 
I$RAL TC@RK LGIIS B$NIM HQRWBWT 02 &D 03 MILIARD DWLR LMIMWN QLI@TM $L 
MILIWN &WLIM . $R HAWCR , $IIS& LBD HP&M , IHIH AWRX HKBWD $L KNS MIWXD 
$MARGNT HBWRSH HAMRIQAIT ( ) LXBRWT I$RALIWT . HBWRSH HAMRIQAIT MNSH 
ZH $NIM MSPR L&WDD XBRWT I$RALIWT LHIR$M ACLH . H$R I$HH BARH"B $$H IMIM 
BMHLKM IIPG$ GM &M MNHIGIM IHWDIIM . 

* 

BTI HMLWN MBQ$IM LH&LWT AT MXIRI HAKSWN L$NH HQRWBH B%4 BMMWC& , LMRWT 
H$PL HKBD HPWQD AT &NP HTIIRWT . NWD& , KI HTAXDWT HMLWNWT H&BIRH AT 
HMXIRIM HXD$IM LAI$WR M$RD HTIIRWT . MDWBR BMXIRI HAIRWX HMIRBIIM $IHIH 
MWTR LGBWT MTIIR BWDD WMI$RALIM HXL MH1 BAPRIL 19 W&D LSWP MARS 29 . 
MXIRIM ALH NTWNIM LPIQWX M$RD HTIIRWT . I$NM BTI MLWN $H&LW AT HMXIRIM , 
HNQWBIM BDWLRIM , M&L LMMWC& . HMXIRIM HMIRBIIM M$M$IM GM TQRH LMXIRI 
HAKSWN $BTI HMLWN NWQBIM LSWKNI HNSI&WT B&BWR QBWCWT MAWRGNWT , WNMWKIM 
BDRK - KLL &D % 53 MHMXIRIM LBWDDIM . MHTAXDWT HMLWNWT HWSBR BTGWBH , 
KI MDWBR B&LIIH MTWNH $L MXIRIM , A$R NMSRIM $NH WXCI MRA$ . LDBRI MNHL 
H$IWWQ , I&QB KC , AIN &NP NWSP BM$Q $NDR$ WMTXIIB TQWPH ARWKH KL - 
KK MRA$ LGBI MXIRIW . KC HSBIR KI I$ LQXT BX$BWN $HM$BR BMPRC HPRSI ISTIIM 
BM$K TQWPH ZW , WMCB TNW&T HTIIRWT I$WB LQDMWTW . LDBRI MNHL H$IWWQ , 
B&WD $&R HDWLR KM&@ $LA H$TNH , GDLW HWCAWT BTI HMLWN HNQWBIM B$QLIM . 


* 

( & ) . BIHM"$ H&LIWN QRA L$NWT AT MDINIWT H&NI$H KLPI NHGIM R$LNIM 
HMSKNIM XII ADM , WLH@IL &LIHM &N$IM XMWRIM IWTR . BIHM"$ H$MI& QRIAH 
ZW BPSQ - DIN BW DXH &R&WR $L NHG C&IR , $NDWN LT$&H XWD$I MASR BPW&L 
&L NHIGH R$LNIT $GRMH LMWT XBRTW BT H81 . H$WP@IM N$IA BIHM"$ H&LIWN MAIR 
$MGR , HM$NH LN$IA MNXM ALWN W$W$NH NTNIHW , LA QIBLW AT @&NT HSNIGWR 
KI H&WN$ XMWR MDI BH$WWAH LRMT H&WN$IM HMQWBLT . " HMCIAWT KBI@WIH BHTNHGWTM 
$L NHGIM LA M&@IM BKBI$I HARC MXIIBT NQI@T AMWT MIDH &WN$IWT MXMIRWT 
IWTR . AM H&WN$IM HMW@LIM BBTI HM$P@ , BMQRIM DWMIM , QLIM IWTR MH&WN$ 
$NGZR BMQRH ZH , MN HNKWN L$NWT AT HMDINIWT H&WN$IT . ZAT , KDI $M&$I 
HR$LNWT HMSKNIM XII ADM II&N$W KIAWT WKDI $IHIH M$QL MRTI& M$M&WTI IWTR 
LHTNHGWT NLWZH B&T NHIGH " . BLIL $BT , 98 . 7 . 22 , NS& NIR ABI@N , 
BN 32 , MMW$B RMWT NPTLI , BMKWNIT B - M - WW LKPR IHW$& . LCIDW I$BH 
XBRTW &NBL BRZILI , BT 81 , WMAXWRIW XBRW ARZ RWN . @RM CATW , $TH 
ABI@N BQBWQ BIRH , WBTXILT HNSI&H CIWWH &L XBRTW " LA LH&IR LW &L HNHIGH " . 
HXBWRH HGI&H LKPR IHW$& WGM $M LGM HNHG BQBWQ BIRH . AXR KK ICA LKIWWN 
MW$B TL - &D$IM WBMHLK HNSI&H HI@IB ABI@N AT LIBW BBQBWQ NWSP . B$&H 
00 : 1 AXR XCWT , BQ@& HKBI$ NHLL MGDL - H&MQ , HGI&H HMKWNIT L&IQWL 
XD BMHIRWT $L K041 QM"$ . ABI@N AIBD AT H$LI@H &L HMKWNIT $S@TH LNTIB 
HNGDI WHTNG$H XZITIT WB&WCMH RBH BMKWNIT PR@IT $BAH MMWL . &NBL BT H81 
NHRGH WKL $AR HM&WRBIM BTAWNH NPC&W . $NI KLI HRKB NHRSW LXLW@IN . ABI@N , 
$LXWBTW KBR NR$MW &BIRWT TNW&H B&BR , HW&MD LDIN &L $WRH $L &BIRWT T&BWRH 
HXMWRH BHN HITH GRIMT MWWT BR$LNWT . HWA HWDH BA$MH , AWLM @&N KI AINW 
ZWKR DBR MRG& HTAWNH . BIHM"$ HMXWZI BNCRT HR$I& AWTW B&BIRWT $IWXSW LW , 
AWLM LA MICH &MW AT HDIN &D TWM , BIN H$AR B$L HMLCT $IRWT HMBXN . 
HC&IR NDWN LT$&H XWD$I MASR BPW&L , 51 XWD$I MASR &L TNAI , 9 $NWT PSILT 
R$IWN NHIGH WQNS BSK 000 , 5 $"X . ABI@N SBR KI H&WN$ XMWR ITR &L HMIDH 
WBIQ$ LHQL &MW . PRQLI@W , &W"D &MIQM LWWITN , @&N KI H&WN$ XMWR BH$WWAH 
L&WN$IM HMW@LIM BBTI HM$P@ BIMIM ALH &QB &BIRH $L GRIMT MWWT BHTR$LWT . 
H$WP@IM DXW @I&WN ZH WPSQW KI " HTNHGWTW $L ABI@N GILTH AI HTX$BWT XMWRH 
BSIKWNIM A$R AWTM ICR , WB&@IIM QWPXW XII N&RH C&IRH " . 

* 

HWW&DH HMRKZT $L HHSTDRWT AI$RH ATMWL AT SL H$IRWTIM $L QWPT - XWLIM HKLLIT . 
HSL , HMCLM MCB QIIM , KWLL AT KL $IRWTI HRPWAH HBSISIIM , KMW SWGI 
NITWXIM ALQ@IWWIIM LRBWT KISWI HHWCAWT $L KL HTWTBWT LH$TLH PNIMIT KMW 
MPRQIM , QWCBI LB WBDIQWT W@IPWL B$I@WT $L @KNWLWGIH MTQDMT . HSL KWLL 
@IPWL PRIWN LGBR WLAI$H LILD HRA$WN , ABL XSR @IPWL PSIKIA@RI WSI&WDI . 
BNW$A GRIA@RIH KWLL HSL RQ MQRIM $L GRIA@RIH XRIPH W$IQWMIT , LTQWPH 
$L $LW$H XWD$IM &D XCI $NH . MZKIR HHSTDRWT , X"K I$RAL QISR , HBHIR 
LXBRI HWW&DH HMRKZT $TB&W HRXBT HSL B&IQR BTXWM HGRIA@RIH , KI QWPT - 
XWLIM HKLLIT LA MSWGLT KIWM LHRXIB AT $IRWTIH , B$L B&IWT TQCIBIWT Q$WT 
$&LIH LPTWR QWDM LHRXBT H$IRWTIM . IXD &M ZAT , HWSIP QISR , &LIH L$PR 
AT H$IRWTIM HNITNIM &L IDH , WLHB@IX $HNZQQIM L$IRWTIH BKL RXBI HARC 
IQBLW AWTW . QISR HBHIR $KL HRXBH $L SL $IRWTI HQWPH IHIH XIIB AT AI$WRH 
$L HWW&DH HMRKZT . MNK"L HQWPH , NXWM PSH , CIIN KI MXWBT HQWPH LHIWT 
AMINH WLA LCAT BHKRZWT SRQ . PSH HWSIP $HMM$LH MTKWWNT LPGW& BRPWAH HCIBWRIT , 
WL@PX $IRWTI RPWAH PR@IT . 

* 

TA"L RMI DWTN $WXRR ATMWL MTPQIDW KRA$ LHQ CIWD BXIL HAWWIR , LAXR $HRM@K"L 
N&NH LBQ$TW L$XRR AWTW MTPQIDW . AT HBQ$H H&BIR DWTN BMKTB , BAMC&WT 
&WRKI DINW , WBW NIMQ AT HSIBWT LBQ$TW , WAMR KI RQ KK IWKL LHGN &L 
&CMW LNWKX HX$DWT HMIWXSIM LW . HWA HWSIP KI AIN BRCWNW LPGW& BXIL HAWWIR . 
BXIL HAWWIR QIBLW BSIPWQ AT BQ$TW $L TA"L DWTN LH$TXRR MTPQIDW . MZH 
IMIM MSPR M$M$ QCIN BDRGT AL"M KMMLA MQWMW $L DWTN . &QB M&CRW $L DWTN 
N&RKW LAXRWNH BDIQWT LGBI LRKI$T CIWD BXIL , WNITNW HNXIWT XD$WT LGBI 
MG&IM $L QCINIM MXIL HAWWIR &M GWRMIM ZRIM WXBRWT AZRXIWT . ATMWL HWARK 
M&CRW $L TA"L DWTN B01 IMIM NWSPIM , &L - PI BQ$TW $L QCIN M$@RH CBAIT 
RA$I , TA"L $LWM BN - M$H . TA"L BN - M$H GIB$ BIMIM HAXRWNIM HXL@H 
LHARIK AT HM&CR , KIWWN $DWTN AINW M$TP P&WLH &M XWQRIW . HM$@RH HCBAIT 
SBWRH KI I$ LHARIK AT HM&CR &L - MNT $TWKL LASWP RAIWT NWSPWT . HAI$WR 
LHARKT HM&CR HWBA LIDI&T HRM@K"L BAMC&WT PRQLI@T XIL HAWWIR . MQWRWT HMQWRBIM 
LXQIRH MSRW KI AIN SPQ $BQRWB IW&BR KL XWMR HXQIRH LPRQLI@ HCBAI HRA$I , 
KDI $IBXN AM I$ MQWM LHGI$T KTB AI$WM NGD DWTN . HM HWSIPW KI XWQRI 
HM$@RH HCBAIT WHAZRXIT &WBDIM B$ITWP P&WLH BXQIRH , WKI &D KH NASP XWMR 
RB WHXWQRIM &WSQIM &TH BBDIQTW WBAISWP NTWNIM NWSPIM . LPNI KMH IMIM 
$WXRRW MM&CRM &WRK HDIN HRWLD KC WIWRM AINGBIR , HAZRXIM $HIW M&WRBIM 
BPR$T DWTN WNX$DW BQBLT @WBWT HHNAH . 

* 

( & ) . " LA NSKIM L&BWR LHTGWRR BBTI MLWN . ANXNW LA MAMINIM LAP 
AXD . HMDINH MNSH LSDR AWTNW : I&BIRW AWTNW LBIT MLWN , WMID AX"K IBIAW 
BWLDWZRIM WIHRSW AT KL HAWHLIM BM&BRH . I&BRW KMH XWD$IM WAZ IXLI@W LH&IP 
AWTNW , W$WB NI$AR XSRI DIWR . LKN , ANXNW LA ZZIM MKAN , LA LHIL@WN 
WLA LPLAZH " . KK AWMRIM BM&BRT HKNST , $M NMCA RIKWZ XSRI HDIWR HGDWL 
BIRW$LIM , BTGWBH &L HXL@T $R HBINWI WH$IKWN L$KN AT 552 M$PXWT XSRWT 
HDIWR BKL RXBI HARC BBTI MLWN . BM&BRT HKNST MTGWRRWT 22 M$PXWT , QRWB 
L001 NP$WT . &IRIIT IRW$LIM SIPQH LXSRI HDIWR 31 AWHLIM GDWLIM , WHCIBH 
AWTM &L M$@XI B@WN $ICQH . &M ZAT , KMH M$PXWT &DIIN MTGWRRWT BAWHLI 
R$T QRW&IM , WHN SBLW BMIWXD MHG$MIM HRA$WNIM $IRDW BIMIM HAXRWNIM . 
HRWX H&IPH AWHLIM AXDIM , WAXRIM HWCPW MIM . H&IRIIH HTQINH GM MQLXWT , 
AK BM&BRH NRT&IM MH$IMW$ BHN , KI HMIM QRIM . BM&BRT HKNST TMIMI D&IM 
$I$ LSRB LHC&H L&BWR LBTI MLWN . &M ZAT HM MBI&IM NKWNWT LHTP$R , AM 
TINTN LHM HB@XH BKTB $BTI HMLWN HM PTRWN ZMNI W$LAXRIW IQBLW HM$PXWT DIRWT 
QB& . BM&BRH $BGN HWWRDIM HSMWK LM$KN HKNST N$M&H TGWBH AWP@IMIT IWTR 
LHC&T $R HBINWI WH$IKWN . BGN HWWRDIM , $BW XWIBW XSRI HDIWR LXTWM &L 
XWZH $KIRWT LAWHLIM $SIPQH H&IRIIH , $WHIM KXMI$IM AI$ . " ANW XW$BIM 
QWDM KL &L HILDIM $LNW WLA &L &QRWNWT . AM ICI&W BIT MLWN NLK . ZH B@X 
IHIH IWTR @WB LILDIM " , AWMRIM BMQWM , WMB@IXIM $AM IPWNW MBTI HMLWN 
B&WD XWD$IM AXDIM , HM IXZRW LHTGWRR BAWHLIM . 

* 

B%4 ; GIDWL $H&ITWN " WWL S@RI@ GWRNL " MKNH " GIDWL LKAWRH " W"TWCAWT 
PW$RWT " . HRWWXIWT HW$P&H MMSPR RB $L GWRMIM , BIN HITR MH&WBDH KI HBNQIM 
HPRI$W BTQWPH HMQBILH A$TQD 5 MILIARD DWLR LXWBWT ABWDIM , L&WMT SKWM 
IWTR NMWK H$NH &WBDH $SII&H L$IPWR HTWCAWT . H&LIIH BMXIRI HNP@ SII&H 
AP HIA LKMH XBRWT H&WSQWT BTXWM ZH . L&WMT $NI GWRMIM ALH , HRI $HPR$WT 
GDWLWT LKISWI SGIRT MP&LIM &L - IDI GNRL MW@WRS GRMW LHR&T HTWCAWT HKWLLWT . 
HH&RKWT LGBI HRB&WNIM HBAIM HN $KLKLT ARH"B NKNST LMITWN , WHDBR IBWA 
LIDI BI@WI B&TID . HHKNSWT HMCRPIWT $L 336 HXBRWT HNKLLWT BMDGM MRAH KI 
BRB&WN H$LI$I $L H$NH NR$MH &LIIH $L % 4 BRWWXI HXBRWT , L&WMT IRIDH $L 
% 11 BRB&WN H$NI $L H$NH . BMHLK H$NH HW$P&W RWWXI HXBRWT MN H&WBDH KI 
HCMIXH BARCWT - HBRIT AI@IT MAWD , &LWT H&BWDH WHKSP NMCAIM B&LIIH , 
WQIIMT TXRWT Q$H BMXIRIM . H&NPIM HRWWXIIM BARH"B HIW : MTKWT IQRWT 
% 084 , BIW - @KNWLWGIH % 551 , PXM % 631 , RIHW@ BITI % 921 , XBRWT 
NP@ % 701 , T&WPH % 57 , MZWN % 36 . HXBRWT HMPSIDWT BIWTR HIW BTXWMIM 
HBAIM : XLQI XILWP LMKWNIWT % 06 , H$Q&H BNDL"N % 86 , BNQIM LXISKWN 
% 87 , MWLIKIM LMXCH % 97 , XBRWT T&WPH % 88 , MTKT WPLDH % 29 . 

* 

XBRWT HBI@WX KLL BI@WX WARR@ , MQBWCT HBI@WX $L QWNCRN KLL , QIBLW MM$RD 
HMPQX &L HBI@WX BM$RD HAWCR , GD ARBL , HITR L&SWQ BBI@WX NZQI @B& BXQLAWT . 
$TI HXBRWT &WMDWT LHTXIL LP&WL BTXWM ZH , $HIQPW H$NTI MW&RK BK51 MILIWN 
DWLR . KLL BI@WX WARR@ &WMDWT LXTWM BTQWPH HQRWBH &L HSKM RA$WN BTXWM 
ZH , BW IB@XW AT AXT MMW&CWT HIICWR HGDWLWT B&NP . MNHLI HXBRWT MQWWIM 
$B$NH HRA$WNH HN INGSW K%01 MHP&ILWT BTXWM , KLWMR BI@WXIM BHIQP $L K5 . 
1 MILIWN DWLR . HHITR $NITN L$TI HXBRWT HWA RA$WN MSWGW , WMHWWH PRICT 
DRK BTXWM $BW $L@H &D KH BAWPN BL&DI HQRN HMM$LTIT LBI@WX NZQI @B& BXQLAWT . 
M$RD HAWCR MTKWWN LHRXIB B&TID HQRWB AT HHITR LTWKNIWT BI@WX NWSPWT , 
WL&WDD XQLAIM WMW&CWT XQLAIWT LH&BIR BI@WXIM KNGD NZQI @B& BXBRWT HBI@WX 
HCIBWRIWT WHPR@IWT . XBRT ARR@ HXLH &WD LPNI K$NH , BTMIKTM $L HXQLAIM , 
AT HMW"M &M HAWCR LQBLT HITR BI@WX LNZQI @B& . BKIRIM BM$RD HAWCR &WDDW 
P&ILWT BTXWM BAMC&WT M$Q HBI@WX HMSXRI . ARR@ , $THIH HLIDR $L HBI@WX , 
HTQ$RH LCWRK BI@WX ZH &M MB@XI M$NH BANGLIH , $&RKW MXQR MMW$K &L NZQI 
H@B& BARC . BSIWMH $L &BWDH ZW N&$TH TWKNIT HBI@WX HXD$H . MB@XI HM$NH 
BXW"L , WBKLL ZH NCIGI LWIDS MLWNDWN , IQXW &L &CMM K%09 MHSIKWN $L 
BI@WXIM ALH . BHNHLWT $L KLL BI@WX WARR@ M&RIKIM , KI MGDLIM RBIM I&DIPW 
LH&BIR AT KLL TIQ HBI@WX $LHM , HKWLL GM KISWI NZQI @B& , LXBRT BI@WX 
AXT , KDI LHNWT MT&RIP MWZL GM B&SQI BI@WX AXRIM . ICWIN , &M ZAT , 
$HXQLAIM IM$IKW LHNWT B$LB ZH MHTMIKH $L HMDINH BGIN NZQI @B& , &L - 
PI HKLLIM HNHWGIM BQRN LNZQI @B& BXQLAWT . 

* 

XBRT H@QS@IL IWNII@D MRCN@ , $MNIWTIH NSXRWT BBWRSH $L NIWIWRQ , HWKRZH 
KXDLT PIR&WN WQIBLH M&MD $L XBRH HPW&LT BM&MD $L " CP@R 11 " , HM&NIQ 
LH AT HGNT BIT HM$P@ MPNI TBI&H LP$I@T RGL . IWNII@D MRCN@ , BRA$H &WMD 
HI$RALI &WZI RSQIN , HIA XBRT GG AMRIQAIT , H&WSQT ZH $NIM BIICWR @QS@IL , 
AK $WL@T GM &L MP&LIM B&NPIM NWSPIM KMW AWPNH , MWCRI PLS@IQ WKIMIQLIM . 
B$NT 08 HSTKM MXZWR &SQIH $L IWNII@D MRCN@ BMILIARD DWLR , WHIA H&SIQH 
K82 ALP &WBDIM . BAWTH $NH H$TL@W GWRMIM I$RALIM &L HXBRH LAXR $HCLIXW 
LRKW$ % 01 MMNIWTIH . LP&WLT HH$TL@WT HIW AXRAIM MNHLI XBRT PRIWN B&BR , 
BRA$WTW $L AI$ H&SQIM HMNWX MIKAL ( MIQI ) ALBIN , AI$ H&SQIM HPR@I 
&WZI RSQIN , $HIH &D AZ NCIG QWNCRN KLL BARH"B , AI$ H&SQIM MNXM &CMWN , 
WXBRT LIBWRH B$LI@T IGAL DIAMN@ XTNW $L $AWL AIIZNBRG . BIN H$NIM 08 
L28 HGDILH QBWCT AIIZNBRG , BAMC&WT XBRWT AXRWT HNMCAWT B$LI@TH , AT 
AXZQWTIH BIWNII@D MRCN@ , $NWHLH &L - IDI &WZI RSQIN WMNXM &CMWN . B28 
MWNH RSQIN LTPQID N$IA HXBRH , TPQID AWTW HWA MMLA &D HIWM . MAZ 28 &BRH 
IWNII@D MRCN@ Z&ZW&IM RBIM . BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM NQL&H LQ$IIM , WHTQ$TH 
L&MWD BHXZR XWBTIH . MCB HXBRH H$PI& GM &L MXIR MNIWTIH , WALH HTDRDRW 
M01 DWLR LMNIH LPNI HM$BR , L07 &D 08 SN@ KIWM . LMRWT HM$BR NWD& KI 
MNXM ( MN@H ) &CMWN HCLIX LMKWR MNIWT $L IWNII@D MRCN@ KA$R ALW NSXRW 
&DIIN BMXIR $BIN 8 L01 DWLR LMNIH . 

* 

HWPI& B$BW& $&BR BPNI XBRI HTAXDWT HT&$IINIM HM HAZINW BQ$B RB LTWKNITW 
HKLKLIT . M$TTPI HKINWS HGDIRW AT TWKNITW $L H$R KA@RQ@IWWIT AK AXDIM 
MHM HBI&W BGLWI SPQWT BIKWLTH $L HMM$LH LMM$ AWTH . MI $BI@A SPQWT ZAT 
@WB MKWLM HIH $SIPR LNSIM AT HBDIXH HBAH : " IHWDI BA LQWP"X WBIQ$ RWPA 
&IN AWZN . AMRW LW BQBLH , AIN RWPA KZH , I$ RWPA AP AWZN GRWN . AK 
HWA HT&Q$ WHSBIR , MH $ANI RWAH LA MSTDR LI &M MH $ANI $WM& " . LAXR $PSQ 
HCXWQ , HSBIR MR XIIM L$R : " ANXNW MAXLIM LK $MH $ANXNW NRAH B&TID 
MHTWKNIT $LK I&LH BQNH AXD &M MH $$M&NW PH , WKK II@B LM$Q HI$RALI . 
QPKWT$R HAWCR , ICXQ MWD&I IHIH HIWM AWRX HMINHLH LPITWX HTIIRWT BNGB . 
KDI LNSWT WL$KN& AT H$R LPTWX AT SGWR QWPT HAWCR , WLHPNWT M$ABIM KSPIM 
LNW$A , IQX MNK"L HMNHLH , HADRIKL , AT H$R WPMLIITW LSIWR GIPIM BMCWQI 
MKT$ RMWN . ZAT , LAXR $H$R WMLWWIW IGI&W B@ISH LNGB . BTWM SIWR HGIPIM 
ITQIIM DIWN BNW$A PITWX HTIIRWT BMCPH - RMWN . MZKIR TNW&T HMW$BIM , 
, PNH ATMWL LMBQRT HMDINH , WHTRI& BPNIH &L TWP&H $L " NICWL 
MPLGTI $L M$RD R$M HAGWDWT H$ITWPIWT " . BMKTB LMBQRT HMDINH @W&N ZWWILI 
$HGI& LIDIW XWZR $HWPC BIN XBRI HLIKWD BMW$BI HDRWM WBW HWD&H &L MINWI 
PWLI@I $BWC& BM$RD R$M HAGWDWT WQRIAH LXBRI HLIKWD BMW$BIM LNCL &MDH ZW . 
ZWWILI MCIIN $BAXRWNH GWBRT MGMT HNICWL $L M$RD R$M HAGWDWT LCRKIM MPLGTIIM 
WKI HR$M &CMW , &W"D , MWD& LB&IH ZW , AK AIN BKWXW LHTMWDD &MH . 
QPKWTTT - ALWP ( MIL ) , L$&BR MPQD XIL HTWTXNIM , MWNH LMNK"L XBRT 
" MIKAL T&$IWT ABN W$I$ " $HWQM BNCRT &LIT BH$Q&H $L K53 MILIWN DWLR . 
HMP&L , $HINW HIXID MSWGW BARC HWA BB&LWTW $L AI$ H&SQIM MNCRT . &D 
LMINWIW $L R$P NWHL HMP&L &L - IDI B&LIW , $HIH B&BR QBLN BNIIN . 

* 

( & ) . H&ITWNAI MRDKI GILT @W&N BBG"C KI PRQLI@WT HMDINH AINH ZQWQH 
KLL LQL@T H$IXH BINW LBIN HMPK"L I&QB @RNR K"RAIH HKRXIT " BM$P@M $L 
HM&WRBIM BHAZNWT HSTR LMK$IR H@LPWN BBITW . GILT HGI$ ATMWL AT @I&WNIW 
LBG"C , LQRAT HDIWN B&TIRTW NGD $R HM$@RH , HMPK"L WIW"R W&DT HPNIM 
$L HKNST . GILT H$IG CW &L TNAI , $HWRH LM$IBIM LNMQ MDW& LA IIMN&W MLH$TM$ , 
AW LMSWR PR@IM " LCD G KL$HW " BTWKN $IXWT H@LPWN $LW W$L M$PXTW , 
$HW$G BAMC&WT HAZNT STR . KMW KN HARIK BG"C AT CW HBINIIM HAWSR &L HM$IBIM 
L&$WT KL $IMW$ BQL@T . HCWWIM NITNW LBQ$T &WRKI HDIN PNXS MRINSQI WDNIALH 
GRCWLIN , HMIICGIM B$TI &TIRWT NPRDWT , AT GILT WAT H&ITWNAIM ZAB IPT , 
CBI HRAL WIGAL GLAI . QPIDBINMRDKI GILT MBXIN BHWD&TW LBG"C BIN H$IMW$ 
BQL@T KRAIH BM$P@ NGD HMCWTTIM L$IXWTIW , LBIN RCWNW $L HIW&C HM$P@I 
LMM$LH IWSP XRI$ , L$MW& AT HQL@T &L RQ& H@&NWT NGD HMPK"L @RNR . A$R 
LHIB@ HRA$WN , GWRS H&ITWNAI BAMC&WT &W"D MRINSQI , KI &L PI HMID& $BR$WTW 
" NITN LH$IG HR$&H NGD HMCWTTIM BHSTMK &L XWMR HRAIWT HQIIM , $KN LMI@B 
IDI&TW HX$WDIM HWDW BM&$IM HMIWXSIM LHM WXLQM AP NTPS B$&T M&$H " . H$M&T 
TWKN HQL@WT AINH MHWWH LKN , " RAIH HKRXIT " BM$P@ , ALA " RAIH MW&ILH " 
BLBD , $NITN LWWTR &LIH . GILT MDGI$ , KI AM ITBRR $AIN KL DRK LHGI& 
LHR$&H , LLA $IMW$ BTWKN HQL@WT , HRI " MBLI $HDBR IHWWH TQDIM L&TID , 
HWA ITN AT HSKMTW LKK . ZAT , BTNAI $H$IMW$ IHIH BMINIMWM HHKRXI , 
$HQ@&IM $IW$M&W ITWAMW &MW WKI HMDINH TBQ$ $HHLIK II&$H BDLTIIM SGWRWT , 
AW TWK MTN CW AISWR PRSWM " . L&WMT ZAT , DWXH GILT AT @&NTW $L HIW&C 
HM$P@I XRI$ , KI HWA ZKAI L$MW& AT QL@T H$IXH &M HMPK"L , LPI BQ$T W&DT 
HPNIM $L HKNST . " HTQDIM H&LWL LHIWWCR MHAZNH $KZW , MZHIR GILT , 
IPTX PTX RXB DIW , $ISKL HLKH LM&$H AT HPR@IWT $L KL AI$ CIBWR . KL 
&BRIIN IWKL LBC& HAZNT STR , AXR KK L$GR QL@T LPAB PLWNI ( KZKWR NMCAH 
QL@T H$IXH BIN GILT LBIN @RNR BPAB HTL - ABIBI ZIGL ) , WL@&WN KI BTWKN 
HQL@T I$ M$WM DBRIM $AINM HWLMIM AI$ CIBWR . KK TWK$R HDRK LHAZNH $L 
HIW&C HM$P@I LQL@WT PSWLWT LMINIHN , WAP LHSQT MSQNWT LXWBT HM$WXXIM 
WBDRK ZW IICA XW@A N$KR WTIPRC KLIL HZKWT LPR@IWT WLXISIWN H&ITWNAI " . 
PRQLI@W $L GILT HDGI$ KI AIN BXWQ KL HNXIIH $DWWQA HIW&C HM$P@I LMM$LH , 
HWA HIXID HR$AI L$MW& QL@WT PSWLWT KALH . LKN , HWA AINW IKWL LP&WL 
" KZRW& LSIPWQ HRCWNWT HPWLI@IIM $L XBRI W&DT HPNIM " . " MN HRAWI LHBHIR 
LKL &BRIIN PW@NCIALI KI LA IICA N$KR MHAZNWT STR , WMN HRAWI LMNW& 
MAI$ CIBWR , WIHIH ZH HMPK"L AW $R AW $WP@ AT HCWRK L&MWD BMCB BW IC@RK 
LTT HSKMH , AW LHIRAWT BXZQT MSTIR DBR , L$MI&T $IXH , $HW$GH BHAZNT 
STR PSWLH WA$R H&BRIINIM $BIC&W AT HHAZNH , @W&NIM KI B$IXH I$ XWMR A$R 
RAWI $HIW&C HM$P@I I$M& " . H@&NH H&QRWNIT AWTH M&LH GILT LAWRK KL HWD&TW , 
HIA KI ZKWIWTIW LPR@IWT WLXISIWN &ITWNAI , &DIPWT &L ZKWT HMDINH L&$WT 
$IMW$ BHAZNWT HPSWLWT KRAIWT . HWA GWRS KI HMDINH TWKL LH$TM$ BQL@WT 
KRAIWT RQ BHSKMTW MRA$ L&CM H$IMW$ WLHIQPW . QPIDBINH&ITWNAIM ZAB IPT , 
CBI HRAL WIGAL GLAI , HXW$$IM $$IXWTIHM &M GILT NKLLWT AP HN BQL@T , 
@W&NIM BAMC&WT &W"D DNIALH GRCWLIN , KI " LA I&LH &L HD&T $B&WD $HXWQ 
LA NWTN LBIT M$P@ $IQWL D&T LBDWQ WLHK$IR HAZNT STR KRAIH , IHIH DWWQA 
HIW&C HM$P@I LMM$LH MWSMK LHQ$IB LQL@T " . HM @W&NIM , KI HKRZTW $L XRI$ 
$HWA MBQ$ L$MW& AT HQL@T KDI " LHZIM X$DWT " NGD HMPK"L , HIA HKRZH 
MNWGDT LXWQ HAZNT STR WLM@RTW HXINWKIT HHRT&TIT , LPIH " MBC&I HAZNT 
STR LA IRAW BRKH B&MLM " . 

* 

( & ) . TW$B NTNIH , $BNW N&LM LPNI K$NTIIM BMHLK $IRWTW KSWKN X$AI 
BM$@RH , &TR ATMWL LBIT HM$P@ HGBWH LCDQ , BBQ$H LCWWT &L HM$@RH LGLWT 
LW PR@IM AWDWT NSIBWT H&DRWTW $L BNW , WLHMCIA LW AT KL HMSMKIM HNWG&IM 
LH&SQTW BM$@RH . HAB , MIKAL ALNQRI , MSPR KI B88 . 5 . 1 B$&H 7 B&RB , 
ICA $M&WN BNW AT BITW WMAZ N&LMW &QBWTIW . K$NH LPNI HI&LMW , GWIIS 
$M&WN L$IRWT HM$@RH KSWKN X$AI . HWA GWIIS LTPQID , LDBRI H&WTR , LAXR 
$HM$@RH HBI&H NKWNWT LSGWR 41 TIQI XQIRH NGDW &L &BIRWT $WNWT , $BGINN 
HIH CPWI LMASR ARWK . B&TIRH NAMR , KI BIN HM$@RH LBIN $M&WN ALNQRI NXTM 
" HSKM &BWDH " W&L PIW $WXRR $M&WN MM&CRW . HWA $WKN , &L X$BWN HM$@RH , 
BDIRH BQRBT M$@RT MRXB H$RWN , M$M NIHL AT P&ILWTW BAZWR HMDRXWB BNTNIH . 
HAB @W&N , KI BMSGRT &BWDH ZW , MSR $M&WN LMP&ILIW BM$@RH MID& $HBIA 
LHX$DTW $L AXD B$M GBI PLX B$WD IHLWMIM WBRCX ADM B$M ALI MZWN . HAB 
MBI& X$$ $AWTW GBI PLX HWA GM HAXRAI LRCX BNW , WZAT KNQMH BSWKN $HSGIRW . 
HWA MBSS ZAT &L DBRIM $$M& MQCINI M$@RH BHM MPQD M$@RT MRXB H$RWN , 
NC"M M$H PRIDMN KI PLX , $NRCX $BW&IIM LAXR HI&LMWT BNW , " LQX &MW 
LQBR AT SWD MQWM QBWRTW $L $M&WN " . XIZWQ NWSP LX$D ZH RWAH HAB BHTNKLWIWT 
WPGI&WT BGWP WBRKW$ , $NGRMW LBNW BXWD$IIM $LPNI HI&LMW . MIKAL ALNQRI 
QWBL , KI HM$@RH LA MILAH KRAWI AT HTXIIBWTH , L$MWR &L XIIW $L BNW , 
WKI HIA MSRBT LMSWR LW MID& &L " HSKM H&BWDH " $NXTM &M BNW , W&L 
NSIBWT HRCXW . HWA DWXH AT GRST HM$@RH , $HRCX LA HIH Q$WR L&BWDT BNW 
B$RWT HM$@RH , ALA LXISWL X$BWNWT , WHWA DBQ B@&NTW $"NSIBWT H&LMW $L 
ALNQRI Q$WRWT LP&ILWTW KSWKN X$AI " . 

* 

MNK"L MD"A , D"R NTN KHN , HWDI& ATMWL B&RB KI HCLIX LGIIS AT HKSP HDRW$ 
LT$LWM HXCI H$NI $L M$KWRT H&WBDIM LXWD$ AWQ@WBR . HSKWM GWIIS MMKIRT 
RKB $L MD"A BMKRZ WMMQWRWT PNIMIIM . HIWM B$&WT HBWQR IBWC& HT$LWM . 
LAWR HWD&T HMNK"L HQLW &WBDI MD"A B&ICWMIM $PTXW BHM , W&D L$&H 00 . 
32 H$AIRW BKL TXNH KWNN , &LIW HW@L LHZ&IQ BMQRH HCWRK AT NHG HAMBWLNS 
MBITW . H&WBDIM XZRW WHWDI&W KI AM &D $&H 00 . 01 BBWQR LA IQBLW AT H$LMT 
$KRM IXZRW WI$BITW AT HTXNWT . BMHLK IWM ATMWL H$BITW H&WBDIM BHDRGH 31 
TXNWT B&KW , AWPQIM , A$QLWN , RXWBWT , BT - IM , &PWLH , LWD , 
&RD , HRCLIH , KRMIAL , XIPH WTL - ABIB . B$&WT H&RB , BIN 00 . 
91 L00 . 32 , H$BITW AT BNQ HDM WAT KL TXNWT H&ZRH HRA$WNH PR@ LQRIT 
$MWNH WIRW$LIM , MTWK HTX$BWT BMCB HBI@XWNI BMQWMWT ALH . HTXNWT XZRW 
LP&WL BM&RK RGIL BM$MRT HLILH . HIWM BBWQR IWP&LW HTXNWT KRGIL &D L$&H 
00 . 01 WLAXR MKN IWP&LW BHTAM LHXL@T M@H H$BITH . &WBDI MD"A BQRIT $MWNH 
PTXW ATMWL B$BITT R&B BMXAH &L HHTNKLWT $L HMM$LH L&WBDI MD"A " , KHGDRTM . 
B$LB ZH HM $WTIM MIM WMM$IKIM LHP&IL AT $IRWTI HTXNH . BIRW$LIM I$ X$$ 
L$ITWQ HTXNH LAXR $ATMWL B$&WT H&RB HWDI& MNHL SWKNWT PZ B&IR , KI HWA 
MPSIQ AT ASPQT HDLQ LM&RK HAMBWLNSIM $L MD"A &D LT$LWM XWB $L 021 ALP 
$QL . IW"R W&D &WBDI MD"A , ALI BN - QSWS , QRA L$RIM LHPSIQ LHPWK AT 
&WBDI MD"A LBNI &RWBH . LDBRIW , M$RDI HAWCR WHBRIAWT M&KBIM H&BRT KSPIM 
HMGI&IM LMGN DWD ADWM KDI LHP&IL LXC &L W&DT H&BWDH WHRWWXH $L HKNST LA$R 
TIQWN XWQ MD"A . TIQWN ZH AMWR LH&NIQ L$R HBRIAWT SMKWIWT LHT&RB BNIHWL 
MGN DWD ADWM WLBC& RPWRMH B$IRWTI H&ZRH HRA$WNH . HRPWRMH TLWWH BIN H$AR 
BSGIRT TXNWT , DBR $M&WRR HTNGDWT BQRB HWW&D HPW&L $L MD"A WCIBWR H&WBDIM , 
HNTMKIM &L - IDI HSTDRWT HPQIDIM . $R HBRIAWT , AHWD AWLMR@ , AMR ATMWL 
BTGWBH LC&DI H&WBDIM KI KL HSKWMIM HMWPI&IM BTQCIB H$NTI $L M$RD HBRIAWT 
KSIW& LTQCIB MD"A , KBR HW&BRW LARGWN . " &WBDI MD"A AINM &WBDI M$RD 
HBRIAWT WLKN AIN M$RD HBRIAWT AXRAI LT$LWM M$KWRWT WB@X AINW HSMKWT L&$WT 
KK . KL &WD IM$K HMCB HM$P@I HQIIM , AIN LM$RD HBRIAWT $WM SMKWT WM&MD 
LHT&RB BTWK HN&$H BTWK MGN DWD ADWM " . H$R AWLMR@ HWSIP KI HWA MWKN LQXT 
AT HNW$A TXT AXRIWTW WLP&WL IXD &M HAWCR KDI LH&MID AT HTQCIB HDRW$ LMD"A 
AM WKA$R IW@L &LIW HDBR BAWPN R$MI BXWQ . HWA HDGI$ KI W&DH BRA$WT PRWP 
M$H RWWX , QCIN RPWAH L$&BR WMNHL BIT XWLIM RMB"M BXIPH , GIB$H TWKNIT 
XRWM LHCLT MD"A . TWKNIT ZW NDXTH &D HIWM &L IDI ARGWNI HMTNDBIM H$WL@IM 
BMD"A . " MABQM $L ARGWNI HMTNDBIM LQIIM AT H$BITH BARGWN TWK NICWL 
MCWQT H&WBDIM HIA HSIBH L$BITH $L HIWM " , QB& . AWLMR@ HNXH AT MNK"L 
MGN DWD ADWM LHB@IX AT QIWMM $L $IRWTI HCLH WXRWM B&T H$BTT HTXNWT . 
MDWBR BIN H$AR BPNIH LM$@RT I$RAL $TP&IL B&T HCWRK NIIDWT M$@RH W$IRWTI 
&ZRH RA$WNH $BR$WT HM$@RH KWLL AMBWLNSIM , BAWTM MQWMWT $TXNWT MD"A MW$BTWT . 
BMQBIL TI&$H PNIH LQCIN RPWAH RA$I $L CH"L LQBL BMIDT HCWRK SIW& MM&RK 
$IRWTI H&ZRH HRA$WNH $L HCBA . ICWIIN KI TIQWN XWQ MD"A M&WKB B$LB ZH 
BWW&DT H&BWDH WHRWWXH $L HKNST B$L LXC $L SI&WT HAWPWZICIH &L IW"R HW&DH 
$LA LH&NIQ SMKWIWT NRXBWT BIDI H$R AWLMR@ . IW"R HWW&DH , X"K AWRH NMIR , 
AMRH L"HARC " : " BM$K $$ $NWT KHWNTI KIW"R HWW&DH ANI MLWWH AT &BWDT 
MD"A , WLMRWT KL HHB@XWT $L H&WMDIM BRA$ HARGWN L$PR AT HMCB , HLK HARGWN 
MDXI LDXI . HIWM AIN BRIRH . CRIK L$NWT AT HXWQ KDI $ITN SMKWIWT L$R 
HBRIAWT . W&DT H&BWDH WHRWWXH LA TWKL LAXR HXQIQH LHT&RB &WD BTPQWD MD"A . 
LKN , LPNI $NWTNIM BIDI $R HBRIAWT SMKWIWT , I$ CWRK LHB@IX $HAWCR 
IQCH AT KL HM$ABIM HDRW$IM KDI LHBRIA AT MD"A . HWW&DH LA QWB&T MH DRW$ 
WKMH . HWW&DH DWR$T HTXIIBWT $L HAWCR KTNAI LAI$WR HTIQWN LXWQ " . KI 
X"K RN KHN ( RC ) HTLWNN ATMWL ACL HIW&C HM$P@I LMM$LH , IWSP XRI$ , 
NGD $R HAWCR &L MH $HWA MKNH " AIWMI H$R KLPI HKNST " . X"K KHN @&N 
KI B&WD $M$RD HAWCR MWDH KI I$ BIDW L$LM AT M$KWRWTIHM $L &WBDI MD"A , 
HRI $H$R MWD&I MTNH AT T$LWM HM$KWRWT BKK $WW&DT H&BWDH WHRWWXH $L HKNST 
TQBL AT HTIQWN LXWQ MD"A &L PI TPIST HAWCR . X"K RN KHN , QRA L&WBDI 
MD"A LHTAZR BSBLNWT WL&KB AT $BITTM , WAMR KI AIN LSBWL AIWMI $R &L HKNST 
WHPIKT &WBDIM LBNI &RWBH . 

* 

BCH"L HWXL@ LHKRIZ &L XIIL CH"L AILN S&DWN K&L XLL CH"L , LAXR $NX$B 
N&DR MAZ NX@P BXWD$ MAI A$TQD &L IDI MXBLIM . GWPTW $L S&DWN LA NMCAH 
&D HIWM . AM$ HGI&W NCIGI CH"L LBIT HM$PXH BA$QLWN . WRDH PWMRNC RA$ 
MXLQT NPG&IM BCH"L MSRH AT HHXL@H LAIMW $L AILN S&DWN ZILBR@ S&DWN . 
HAM QIBLH AT HHXL@H BTDHMH . MQWRWT BKIRIM BCH"L MSRW AM$ KI HHXL@H L$NWT 
AT HS@@WS LGBIW MN&DR LXLL , BAH B&QBWT DIWNIM RBIM $N&RKW BAGP KX ADM 
BCH"L BRA$WTW $L HALWP RN GWRN . &L PI QRI@RIWNIM BRBNWT HCBAIT W&L PI 
HMLCH $L HRB HCBAI HRA$I HALWP GD NBWN , GWB$H HHXL@H LHKRIZ &L S&DWN 
KXLL W&TH NITN IHIH LHQIM LW MCBH . KBR LPNI $NH L&RK HWMLC LM$PXTW $L 
HXIIL LHSKIM LHKRIZ &LIW KXLL , AK HAM WBNI HM$PXH HAXRIM HTNGDW BKL 
TWQP L$INWI HS@@WS . HM LXCW &L HCBA LHM$IK BXIPW$IM $HTXD$W MIDI P&M , 
AK &D HIWM LA NMCAH HGWPH . QPIDBINAILN S&DWN HIH BN 81 WXCI . HWA NX@P 
&L IDI $NI MXBLIM MXMWD NACR WMXMWD MBXWX . HWA ICA MBSISW BMAI A$TQD 
WHIH AMWR LHGI& LBITW BA$QLWN . IXD &MW ICA XBRW LIXIDH , IWRM AMRWSI . 
$NI HXIILIM ICAW MAZWR L@RWN WNS&W B@RMP BMKWNIT MSWG PWRD PIIS@H $NHG 
BH QCIN CH"L BDRGT SRN . HQCIN AMR L$NI HXIILIM KI HWA MGI& LGDRH WLPIKK 
NS&W &IMW &D CWMT MSMIH . BCWMT MSMIH &MDW AMRWSI WS&DWN BTXNT HS&H LXIILIM 
LKIWWN A$QLWN . K&BWR MXCIT H$&H HGI& LMQWM MKWNIT SWBRW BCB& BZ , MWDL 
98 WBTWKH I$BW $NI AN$IM XWB$I KIPWT . AXD MHM &M ZQN , K$HM LBW$IM 
BGDIM $L XRDIM ( H$NIIM HIW $NI HMXBLIM HRWCXIM ) . $NI HMXBLIM $ALW 
AT HXIILIM LAN HM RWCIM LHGI& WHXIILIM &NW LA$QLWN . AK HM HWDI&W LXIILIM 
KI HM IKWLIM LQXT RQ XIIL AXD BGLL $I$ LHM CIWD BMW$B HAXWRI . LAWR ZAT 
AIP$R AMRWSI LS&DWN L&LWT LRKB WS&DWN HTII$B BMW$B HAXWRI . QPIDBINK&BWR 
001 M@R $L NSI&H HSTWBB MXMWD NACR L&BR S&DWN WIRH $NI KDWRIM BRA$W WBXZHW 
MAQDX . &L PI GIRST HXWQRIM , N@LW $NI HRWCXIM AT N$QW $L S&DWN WAT 
XPCIW WQBRW AWTM BMQWM MSTWR . $NI HRWCXIM XZRW LRCW&H WHWDI&W LAI$ HQ$R 
$LHM MWXMD $RTXH , KI BIC&W AT HM$IMH WHRGW AT $NI HXIILIM . XWD$ WXCI 
LPNI KN RCXW H$NIIM AT HXIIL ABI SSPWR@S , $GWPTW NMCAH K&BWR MSPR XWD$IM . 
$NI HMXBLIM HRWCXIM HTXBAW LAXR HRCX B$KWNT DRG B&ZH WLAXR $@B&T HXIPW$IM 
HTHDQH SBIBM , BRXW LLWB DRK MCRIM . KWXWT HBI@XWN PTXW BXIPW$IM NRXBIM 
AXR AILN S&DWN . HXIPW$IM HTRKZW BKL HARC , B&IQR BAZWR HDRWM AK LA 
NMCA DBR . GM BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM N&RKW XIPW$IM &L PI HXL@T RA$ AK"A . 
BMQBIL &CRW KWXWT HBI@XWN AT MNHIG TNW&T HXMAS H$IIX AXMD IASIN WKN &$RWT 
P&ILIM BTNW&T HXMAS WBINIHM MXMWD IWSWP XSN $RTXH , A$R HP&IL AT RWCXI 
SSPWR@S WS&DWN . LBIT HM$P@ B&ZH HWG$ KTB AI$WM NGD $RTXH &L KK $HP&IL 
AT $NI HMXBLIM , AK LM&$H KL NSIWNWT KWXWT HBI@XWN LDWBB AT $RTXH , 
AW AT H$IIX IASIN $IGLW HIKN HGWPH , &LW &D KH BTWHW . H$IIX AXMD IASIN 
AMR BRAIWN L"HARC " LPNI K$NH , KI HWA LA IWD& HIKN NMCA S&DWN WAILW 
ID& HIH MSPR ZAT LXWQRIM . BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM HWPCW IDI&WT &L IDI GWRMIM 
&WINIM , KI HXIIL S&DWN NMCA BLBNWN , AK MQWRWT BI@XWNIIM DXW AT KL 
HHWD&WT . &TH , LAXR $MWCW KL HAP$RWIWT $L HXIPW$IM , HWXL@ LHKRIZ 
&L S&DWN KXLL . 

* 

BWQR$@ ( AI - PI ) . HMM$LH HRWMNIT DNH BIWM $$I BDRKIM LHPR@T HXNWIWT 
HMM$LTIWT , B$L DIWWXIM $XNWIWT RBWT H&LW AT HMXIRIM BAWRX LA XWQI BMRWCT 
AI H$Q@ HKLKLI $L H$BW& $&BR . SWKNWT HIDI&WT HMM$LTIT RWMPRS CI@@H AN$I 
M$@RH $DIWWXW &L HPQ&WT MXIRIM B&QBWT HSRT HPIQWX &L MRBIT HMXIRIM BAXD 
BNWBMBR . MCRKI MZWN BSISIIM , MXIRI ANRGIH W$KR DIRH CRIKIM HIW LHI$AR 
TXT PIQWX LPXWT &D RA$IT H$NH HBAH . ABL HM$@RH MCAH $MXIRI MCRKI MZWN 
XIWNIIM , B&IQR B$R , GBINWT , BICIM WLXM , &LW GM HM BKMH XNWIWT . 
XNWT AXT MKRH BICIM TMWRT 08 . 2 LII LBICH BMQWM HMXIR HR$MI $L 05 . 1 
LII . XNWT AXRT MKRH $&W&IT TMWRT 22 LII LQILWGRM BMQWM 52 . 9 LII . 
H$&R HR$MI HWA 53 LII LDWLR . AN$I HM$@RH MCAW GM $KMH ICRNI MZWN GBW 
MN HQM&WNAIM MXIRIM GBWHIM MN HMWTR , WKMH XNWIWT HMTINW &D $HMXIRIM 
HGBWHIM NKNSW LTWQPM KDI LHTXIL LMKWR MWCRIM $NAGRW BNIGWD LXWQ . QPIDBINXMI$H 
&$R BNI ADM &$WIIM L&MWD LM$P@ &L HPQ&T MXIRIM , WAILW 26 BNI ADM AXRIM 
NQNSW BSKWM KWLL $L 000 , 085 LII ( 057 , 61 DWLR ) . HM$KWRT HMMWC&T 
BRWMNIH HIA K000 , 3 LII LXWD$ . BIWM $$I NM$KW HHPGNWT KNGD &LIWT HMXIRIM 
$L HAXD BNWBMBR . AIGWD HSWPRIM , HTAXDWT H&ITWNAIM WQBWCWT AXRWT PRSMW 
BIWM $$I HCHRH M$WTPT WBH GINW AT &LIWT HMXIRIM HMLAKWTIWT , LDBRIHM , 
$HKPILW PI $B&H AT MXIRI NIIR H&ITWNIM . HRWB HGDWL $L HXNWIWT HQM&WNAIWT 
BRWMNIH NWTRW BIDI HMM$LH . HN IIMKRW BMKIRH PWMBIT BTARIK $&DIIN LA 
NQB& . RA$ HMM$LH P@RW RWMAN AMR BIWM XMI$I $HWA TWMK BMGZR PR@I , ABL 
HBIWRWQR@IH MM$IKH L&KB AT HXWQIM HDRW$IM LKK . BINTIIM , AMR RA$ HMM$LH , 
" AP$R LICWR TXRWT MSPQT BAMC&WT HXKRT HXNWIWT " . $R HKLKLH , AWIGN 
DIMARSQW , DIWWX BIWM $$I LMM$LH &L HC&T HHXKRH , ABL $RIM RBIM @&NW 
$HIA " BIWRWQR@IT ITR &L HMIDH " WKI " AINH M&WDDT MSPIQ AT HIZMIM " . 
H@LWWIZIH HMMLKTIT HRWMNIT CI@@H AT RWMAN KMBQ$ MN H$RIM " LNQWT AT HMDINH 
MN HMNGNWN HBIWRWQR@I H$WL@ " HM&KB AT HRPWRMWT . 

* 

N$IA ARGWN HQBLNIM HAMRIQAI , MARQ @P@WN , WMNK"L X@IBT HBNIIH HMTW&$T 
$L HARGWN , SIIMW BIMIM ALH BIQWR BI$RAL , $BW BDQW AP$RWIWT $WNWT L$LB 
XBRWT BNIIH MARH"B BPRWIQ@ HBNIIH L&WLIM HXD$IM . AT HBIQWR AIRGN AI$ 
H&SQIM HI$RALI , CBI RWM , HQ$WR LKMH GWRMI BNIIH MWBILIM BARH"B . @P@WN 
&WMD BRA$ ARGWN HMAGD K061 ALP XBRWT BNIIH HBWNWT , K1 . 1 MILIWN IXIDWT 
DIWR B$NH . LQRAT BWAW LI$RAL NPG$ LDBRI MQWRBIW &M N$IA ARH"B , GWRG 
BW$ . BBIQWRM BI$RAL NPG$W RA$I ARGWN HQBLNIM HAMRIQAIIM &M $R H$IKWN , 
ARIAL $RWN . 

* 

M$RD HT&$IIH WHMSXR &WRK SQR NRXB KDI LBDWQ AT HH$LKWT HCPWIWT $L C&DI 
HX$IPH &L &NPI HT&$IIH H$WNIM W&L MP&LIM BWDDIM . &L SMK HTWCAWT IWG$W 
HMLCWT LGBI LWX HZMNIM LBICW& HLIBRLIZCIH BIBWA . HWW&DH , $BRA$H IW$B 
RA$ HMINHL LSXR XWC BM$RD HTM"S , ZWHR PRI , MWRKBT MNCIGI HTM"S , 
HAWCR WHMKS . BIN HAWCR LBIN HTM"S HTGL&W LAXRWNH XILWQI D&WT XRIPIM 
BNW$A II$WM HTWKNIT . BAWCR MBQ$IM LB@L AT KL HMGBLWT HMINHLIWT &L IBWA 
B1 BINWAR , WAILW BTM"S MBQ$IM LBDWQ AT HHI&RKWT $L KL &NP WMP&L BNPRD , 
LPNI $MKRI&IM &L PTIXT H$WQ . &L - PI HC&T HAWCR , IW@LW MKSI MGN &L 
KL HMWCRIM HXD$IM $IIWBAW LARC , WHM IQWCCW BHDRGH TWK TQWPH $L 5 $NIM . 
BM$RD HTM"S AWMRIM $TQWPH ZW QCRH MDI , W$HT&$IIH HMQWMIT LA TWKL L&MWD 
BTXRWT . HH&RKH HIA $H$RIM HM@PLIM BXQIQH IXLI@W LHSMIK AT HWW&DH HBIN - 
M$RDIT BQBI&T PR@I HBICW& , W$HC&T HAWCR LA TTQBL . 

* 

MZKIR HMRKZ HXQLAI , $MXH ASP , @&N ATMWL $H$LB HBA BMDINIWTW $L M$RD 
HAWCR BTXWM HXQLAWT IHIH HTRT IBWA MTXRH $L MWCRI XQLAWT BMXIRI HICP . 
HWA HCHIR $ARGWNI HXQLAIM IPTXW KBR &TH BMHLKIM LMNW& IBWA ZH . ASP , 
$DIBR BI$IBH $L RA$I HMRKZ HXQLAI , HTRI& $HTRT IBWA MTXRH $L MWCRIM 
XQLAIIM &LWLH LHNXIT MKT MWWT &L M$QIM RBIM WLZRZ AT HTHLIK $L N@I$T HXQLAWT . 
LDBRIW , B$LW$ H$NIM HAXRWNWT Q@N MSPR H&WSQIM BXQLAWT B%51 . HWA HTIIXS 
LMGMT HAWCR LHBIA LBI@WL HSWBSIDIWT WLHPSQT HTKNWN BXQLAWT , W@&N $C&DIM 
ALH IXMIRW MAD AT MCBW $L HICRN HXQLAI , $KN HM IGRMW L&LIIT MXIRIM $TBIA 
LIRIDH BCRIKH $L TWCRT XQLAIT @RIIH . LDBRI ASP , HNISIWN MRAH $IRIDH 
BCRIKH &LWLH LHGI& LKDI % 01 , WHIA TGRWM LHC@BRWT $L MLAI TWCRT BMXSNI 
HXQLAIM . BI@WL HSWBSIDIWT WHPSQT HTKNWN B&NPI HXQLAWT IPG&W BRA$ WRA$WNH 
BI$WBI HSPR , AMR ASP . LDBRIW , &QB HPSQT TRWMTW $L HMXIR HMWB@X LRISWN 
H&LIIH BMDD , QIIM X$$ L$IBW$ BASPQH HSDIRH $L TWCRT XQLAIT . " LA 
NITN LBC& AT HTKNWN HXQLAI LLA MK$IR HSWBSIDIWT " , H@&IM MZKIR HMRKZ 
HXQLAI . " BRG& $HN II&LMW , TGBR MAD HMW@IWWCIH LHBRXWT $L TWCRT @RIIH 
MH$@XIM LTXWMI HQW HIRWQ , DBR $IMN& MQWPT HMDINH HKNSWT MT$LWMI M&"M , 
HI@L - WISWT WMS HKNSH " . 

* 

GWRMIM $WNIM B&NP HLWL LWXCIM LPRQ AT MW&CT HLWL , HMWPQDT &L AKIPT HTKNWN 
B&NP . GWRMIM B&NP NWQ@IM BC&DIM ALH &L RQ& MAMCIW $L $R HXQLAWT , RPAL 
AITN , LALC AT $R HT&$IIH WHMSXR LXTWM &L HMINWIIM BMLIAT HMW&CH , WBKK 
LMNW& MMNH SKNT $ITWQ MWXL@ . P&ILIM BAIGWD M$QI &WPWT LRBIIH CIINW ATMWL 
$PSIQT BG"C B&TIRT HMDGRWT NGD HMW&CH L&NP HLWL MMNH &WLH $HMW&CH AINH 
MWSMKT LAKWP MKSWT IICWR B&NP HIA $LB LQRAT PTIXT H&NP LTXRWT XWP$IT , 
$THPWK AT HMW&CH LGWP MIWTR . AN$I HAIGWD HDGI$W KI PSIQT BIT HM$P@ , 
LPIH HXL@T HMW&CH L&NP HLWL LSGWR MDGRWT HM$WWQWT M&L LMKSH HIA BLTI 
XWQIT , MCBI&H &L KK $&DIP LSGWR AT HMW&CH , DBR $IBIA , LDBRIHM , 
LXISKWN BHWCAWT BIWRWQR@IWT , LHTII&LWT H&NP WLHWZLT H&WP LCRKN . GM 
W&D HP&WLH $L MGDLI TRNGWLI HHWDW QRA ATMWL L$R HXQLAWT $LA LNQW@ P&WLH 
LXIDW$ TWQP SMKWTH $L HMW&CH L&NP HLWL , MAXR $HDBR " IGRWM LTWCAWT 
HRWT ASWN " . W&D HP&WLH HTRI& KNGD MH $KINH " LXCIM ADIRIM $MP&ILIM B&LI 
&NIIN BMW&CT HLWL WBM$RD HXQLAWT &L MQBLI HHXL@WT , LAP$R AT HM$K TPQWDH 
$L HMW&CH L&NP HLWL , LMRWT $KL HGWRMIM HNWG&IM BDBR HGI&W LMSQNH $HKRXI 
ARGWN MXD$ $L H&NP " . AN$I &NP HHWDIM CIINW KI W&DH M@&M M$RD HXQLAWT 
QB&H BIN HITR $HLIQWIIM BTPQWD HMW&CH L&NP HLWL MXIIBIM $INWIIM B&NP , 
WKI SQCIIT MGDLI TRNGWLI HHWDW HMLICH LB@L AT MKSWT HIICWR WH$IWWQ HNHWGIM 
BW . 

* 

IZMI HQNIWN " QNIWKL " BRA$WN - LCIWN @W&NIM $KBR H$KIRW % 06 MHPRWIQ@ . 
&M ZAT , HM MSRBIM LGLWT AT $MWT H$WKRIM , B@&NH $ALH &DIIN LA XTWMIM 
&L XWZIM SWPIIM . RQ LGBI $WKR AXD , XBRT HAWPNH " MIS LGW@ " , CIINW 
HIZMIM KI $KRH 06 M"R BQWMH HRA$WNH $L HPRWIQ@ . LDBRIHM , I$ KBR HSKM 
&M XBRH H&WSQT BHP&LT BTI MRQXT , &M AXT MR$TWT HMZWN W&M R$T L$IWWQ 
SPRIM . HXBRH HIWZMT , BB&LWTW $L AI$ H&SQIM M$H WINBRG , M$KIRH AT 
H$@XIM B4272 DWLR LM"R BQWMT HKNISH , 2242 DWLR LM"R BQWMT HBINIIM , 
W1232 DWLR LM"R BQWMH HRA$WNH . H$WKRIM BMQWM NHNIM MLIWWI PINNSI $L 
BNQ LAWMI . QNIWN QNIWKL M$TR& &L $@X $L 11 ALP M"R BAZWR HT&$IIH $L RA$WN - 
LCIWN . BQNIWKL MWQMWT M&LIWT H&$WIWT XWMR $QWP Q$IX , LCD ARB&H DRGNW&IM 
PNIMIIM . $TI MZRQWT IWP&LW AL MWL BTI H$&$W&IM WBTI HQPH . GG HQNIWKL 
&$WI ZKWKIT MBWDDT B&LT $LW$ $KBWT , DRKH XWDR AWR HIWM L@RQLIN HQNIWN . 
XNIWN HQNIWN , $I$TR& &L $@X $L 41 ALP M"R , NBNH BAWPN BW NITN IHIH 
LHGI& &M HMKWNIT LMPLS HRCWI . 

* 

HHNHLH HMCWMCMT $L KRML MZRXI WHHNHLH HMWRXBT AI$RW AT BXIRTH $L XBRT 
KRML PWD KM$WWQT HBL&DIT $L KRML MZRXI BARH"B . HXBRH , $&D KH $IWWQH 
AT MWCRI KRML MZRXI BBRI@NIH , NMCAT BB&LWT QRWBI M$PXH $L HAXIM RIIKMN 
MQNDH W$L GD&WN BRGR , HM$M$ BH KMNK"L . BRGR HWA GISW $L X"K PSX GRWPR 
( AXI R&IITW ) . GRWPR MKHN KIW"R AGWDT HKWRMIM HB&LIM BPW&L $L IQBI 
KRML MZRXI . BARB& H$NIM HAXRWNWT $IWWQH XBRT SIGRM AT MWCRI KRML MZRXI 
BARH"B . SIGRAM NMCAT BB&LWT M$PXT BRWNPMN , $HIA MHGDWLWT BXBRWT HM$QAWT 
HXRIPIM B&WLM . HXWZH &M XBRH ZW AMWR LHSTIIM B13 BDCMBR , WBKRML MZRXI 
BXNW BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM HC&WT MXBRWT NWSPWT , WBHN SIGRM QLASIQ , XBRT 
QDM MNIW IWRQ HM$WWQT IINWT K$RIM BKL RXBI ARH"B , WXBRT BRWS . BSWPW 
$L DBR HWXL@ KAMWR LH&NIQ AT HZIKIWN LXBRT KRML - PWD . MNK"L KRML - MZRXI , 
ABRHM BN M$H , AI$R ATMWL BTGWBH AT DBR BXIRTH $L KRML - PWD LHPCT HM$QAWT 
BARH"B . BN M$H HSBIR : " &D LPNI K$LW$ $NIM HIH LKRML MZRXI SNIP BLWNDWN 
$GRM LH LHPSDIM NIKRIM . SNIP ZH NSGR , WKRML - PWD , $QIBLH AT HZIKIWN , 
HCLIXH LHGDIL AT HMKIRWT BBRI@NIH BAWPN NIKR . KRML MZRXI LA HIW MRWCIM 
MHIQP HMKIRWT BARH"B , WHG&NW LMSQNH $SIGRM GDWLH &LINW W$&DIP LHTQ$R 
&M XBRH HMTMXH B$IWWQ L$WQ HIHWDI . LAXR BXINT KL HC&WT BXRNW BKRML PWD " . 
L"HARC " NWD& KI HIQP HMKIRWT $L M$QAWT KRML MZRXI BARH"B IRD LRMH $L 
83 ALP QR@WNIM B$NH . XBRT KRML PWD HTXIIBH L&WMT ZAT L$WWQ BARH"B 55 
ALP TIBWT LPXWT , B$&H $AP AXD MHMTXRIM LA HSKIM LHTXIIB &L HKMWT MRA$ , 
WLPIKK ZKTH BZIKIWN . IXD &M ZAT , NWD& KI BRGR MTNH AT QBLT HZIKIWN 
BHTXIIBWT MCD KRML MZRXI LZKWT AT KRML PWD GM TMWRT HZMNWT $KBR NTQBLW 
MARH"B LBICW& &D XG HPSX HBA . BN M$H @W&N BTGWBH LPNIIT " HARC " , KI 
AIN $WM PGM BBXIRT HXBRH $BH HWA $WTP LXBRT H$IWWQ HBL&DIT BARH"B . " HQ$R 
LGRWPR LA HWSTR . GRWPR &CMW ICA MI$IBWT $BHN HWKR&H HBXIRH " , AMR BN 
M$H . 

* 

$R HBRIAWT AHWD AWLMR@ H@IL &L KMH MXBRI W&DT HA$PWZ H&LIWNH LBDWQ AT 
HCWRK BPTIXT MXLQWT NWSPWT LNITWXI LB WXZH . BCWWT XBRIM MNHL HMRKZ HRPWAI 
" $IBA " PRWP MRDKI $NI , MNHL HMRKZ HRPWAI " HDSH " PRWP $MWAL PNXS , 
SMNK"L WRA$ HX@IBH HRPWAIT $L QWPT XWLIM HKLLIT PRWP IAIR $PIRA WM$NH 
LMNK"L M$RD HBRIAWT $RGA HBR . KIWM I$ BBTI HXWLIM HCIBWRIIM $B& MXLQWT 
LNITWXI LB WXZH W$LW$ MXLQWT BBTI XWLIM PR@IIM . PW@NCIAL HNITWXIM $L 
MXLQWT ALW &WMD &L 007 , 2 NITWXIM B$NH , MTWKM 007 , 1 NITWXI M&QPIM . 
MSPR HCNTWRIM HMBWC&IM BMKWNI HLB BBTI HXWLIM N& BIN 3500 L4000 
B$NH , W&L PI H&RKWT MWMXIM HDBR MCRIK TWSPT $L 000 , 1 NITWXI M&QPIM 
B$NH , KLWMR 0072 NITWXIM . B$NH HAXRWNH NPTXW $TI MXLQWT XD$WT LNITWXI 
LB BBIT XWLIM " WWLPSWN " BXWLWN WBBIT XWLIM " QPLN " BRXWBWT . MXLQWT 
ALW &DIIN BHRCH , WMSPR HNITWXIM $MBWC&IM BHN AINW M$M$ PTRWN MIIDI LMCWQT 
000 , 2 XWLIM HMMTINIM ZH $NH AW $NH WXCI BTWR LNITWX . BQRWB CPWIH LHIPTX 
MXLQH LNITWXI LB WXZH BBIT XWLIM " MAIR " BKPR SBA , B&WD $NTIIM TIPTX 
MXLQH LNITWXI LB WXZH BBIT XWLIM " SWRWQH " BBAR $B& . LAWR PTIXT MKWNI 
CNTWR KM&@ BKL BTI HXWLIM &WLH HCWRK LHRXIB AT MSPR HMXLQWT . H$R AWLMR@ 
AINW MWCIA MKLL AP$RWT $BMSGRT II$WM HMLCWT W&DT NTNIHW TI$QL H&BRT BTI 
XWLIM MM$LTIIM LNIHWL GWRMIM PR@IIM . BSIWR BBIT XWLIM " ASWTA " AMR 
H$R KI C&D ZH AINW &WMD BSTIRH &M HCWRK LHM$IK WL$MWR &L QIWM HRPWAH HCIBWRIT . 
H$R HWSIP KI " AIN LPR$ AT HHI&RKWT LLIBRLIZCIH BM&RKT HBRIAWT BHRXBT 
MTN R$IWNWT LHQMT BTI XWLIM PR@IIM . AIN KWWNH LHRXIB AT MTN HR$IWNWT 
LBTI XWLIM PR@IIM , KDI $LA LGRWM LHGDLT HHWCAH HLAWMIT LBRIAWT . H&BRT 
HNIHWL HI$IR $L BTI XWLIM MM$LTIIM NW&DH LII&L AT H$IRWTIM WLHGDIL AT 
HKNSWT BTI HXWLIM , DBR $THIH LW H$LKH GM &L HKNST H&WBDIM " . 

* 

HP&ILWT $L R$T XNWIWT KTR HIA HGWRM H&IQRI LHPSDIH $L HWCAT HSPRIM KTR , 
$$MH $WNH &QB MKIRTH L"MQSWWL MQMILN KTR HWCAH LAWR " . BDW"XWT HKSPIIM 
$L HXBRH , $NMSRW ATMWL LBWRSH LNIIRWT - &RK BTL - ABIB , NAMR KI HPSDI 
HXBRH BT$&T HXWD$IM HRA$WNIM $L 09 MSTKMIM B6 . 4 MILIWN $"X . HDW"X MSBIR 
KI HHPSD NWB& GM MRMT HMXIRIM HNMWKH $GWBH MP&L KTR . LMRWT HM$K MGMT 
H$IPWR BTPWQH , HXBRH SWBLT MRMT MXIRIM NMWKH &QB HMITWN H$WRR B&NP HDPWS 
WHTXRWTIWT HRBH HGWRMT L$XIQT HRWWXIWT . HHWCAH LAWR WSPRI KTR $MRW &L 
ICIBWT BH$WWAH L$NH $&BRH , WHM MM$IKIM LHIWT RWWXIIM . HDW"XWT HKSPIIM 
$L HXBRH , $AINM XTWMIM &L - IDI IW"R HXBRH RWBR@ MQSWWL ALA &L IDI DB 
IWDQWBSQI SGN HIW"R , WAWRN MWS@ $$IM$ MNK"L BPW&L B@RM MWNH LXBRH MNK"L 
XD$ , MCBI&IM &L MGMT GIDWL BHIQP HHPSDIM . BT$&T HXWD$IM HRA$WNIM $L 
H$NH R$MH KTR HPSD $L 6 . 4 MILIWN $"X , L&WMT 3 . 1 MILIWN BTQWPH HMQBILH 
B$NH HQWDMT . BKL 98 HGI& HHPSD L4 . 3 MILIWN $QL . MKIRWT HXBRH IRDW 
L8 . 91 MILIWN $"X , L&WMT 8 . 12 MILIWN $"X W1 . 92 MILIWN BKL 98 . 
&QB HHPSD IRD HHWN H&CMI $L HXBRH L7 . 91 MILIWN $"X , L&WMT 3 . 42 
MILIWN BSWP 98 . HNHLT KTR HXLH BII$WM TWKNIT HBRAH , HMTBSST &L NQI@T 
P&WLWT HTII&LWT WHRXBH &SQIT BMWQDI P&ILWTH H$WNIM , HKWLLIM AT BIT HHWCAH 
LAWR , HMP&L HT&$IITI WR$T HXNWIWT . BR$T HXNWIWT HW$G GIDWL MSWIM BMXZWR 
HMKIRWT BRB&WN H$LI$I $L 09 . BD&T HXBRH L$PR AT M&RK R$T HXNWIWT BAMC&WT 
TWSPT XNWIWT BZKIINWT , SGIRT XNWIWT MPSIDWT , H$BXT MGWWN HSPRIM HMWC&IM , 
$IW$G BAMC&WT IBWA SPRIM BANGLIT MARH"B , WMBC&I MKIRH MGWWNIM $KBR 
HBIAW LTWCAWT BXWD$IM HAXRWNIM . BTQWPT HDW"X MIM$H HXBRH $NI NKSIM , 
AXD MHM NKS MQRQ&IN BI$RAL $NMKR TMWRT 488 ALP $"X , WH$NI XBRT KTR 
AINQ , HR$WMH BARH"B . KPI $PWRSM ATMWL SIRB MQSWWL LXTWM &L HDW"XWT 
HKSPIIM $L HXBRH , BMXAH &L HDLPT HNTWNIM L&ITWNWT . MQSWWL GM DR$ AT 
HTP@RWT MW&CT HMNHLIM AK NSWG ATMWL MDRI$TW ZW , LAXR $HWBRR LW $BXIRT 
MW&CT HMNHLIM XD$H MXIIBT AT KINWS HASIPH HKLLIT . 

* 

SBB HMINWIIM LTPQIDIM HBKIRIM BM$@RH , $&LIW HWDI&W AM$ $R HM$@RH RWNI 
MILWA WHMPK"L I&QB @RNR , HWA AXD HGDWLIM BHIQPW B$NIM HAXRWNWT . IWTR 
M02 QCINIM BDRGWT NC"M WM&LH IQWDMW BDRGWT WBTPQIDIM . HSBB MCIB BAXDIM 
MTPQIDI HMPTX QCINIM B&LI NISIWN RB B&BWDH B$@X WWTQ PIQWDI NIKR . AXDIM 
MHMINWIIM , $NQB&W LAXR $IXWT WRAIWNWT $&RKW B$BW&IIM HAXRWNIM $R HM$@RH 
WHMPK"L &M &$RWT QCINI M$@RH BKIRIM , HIW BLTI - CPWIIM WHPTI&W RBIM 
BM$@RH . SBB HMINWIIM HBIA , BIN HITR , LHXLPT QCINIM $KIHNW BTPQIDIHM 
LAXR ZMN QCR BLBD . BIN H$AR $IM$ SBB HMINWIIM KLI BIDI H$R WHMPK"L L$IDWD 
M&RKWT W"TIQWN LIQWIIM " BM&RK HPIQWD HBKIR BM$@RH . KK , LM$L , MWNH 
NICB ASP XPC LMPQD MXWZ HMRKZ , BMQWMW $L NICB XIIM ALBLDS $IHIH MPQD 
MXWZ IRW$LIM . ZAT , LAXR XCI $NH BLBD $BH KIHN XPC KRA$ AG"M , LAXR 
$MWNH LTPQIDW &L - IDI @RNR &M MINWIW LMPK"L BAPRIL H$NH . GWRMIM BM$@RH 
@W&NIM KI @RNR LA HIH MRWCH MTPQWDW $L XPC WTLH BW XLQ MHAXRIWT LK$LWNWT 
HM$@RH BAIRW&I HR HBIT WBXWP NICNIM . BTQWPH HAXRWNH NWD& &L MTIXWT BIN 
@RNR LXPC . GM MPQD MRXB IRW$LIM , TN"C ARIH BIBI $WW&DT ZMIR MTXH BIQWRT 
&L TPQWDW BAIRW&I HR HBIT LA $WBC LTPQID PIQWDI , WNRAH KI IQWDM LTPQID 
$AIN BW PIQWD I$IR &L IXIDWT B$@X . QPIDBINHMINWI HBWL@ BIWTR BSBB HNWKXI 
HWA $L NICB ALBLDS KMPQD MXWZ IRW$LIM , LAXR $NH BLBD $BH PIQD &L MXWZ 
HMRKZ . $R HM$@RH WHMPK"L H&DIPW LMNWT AT ALBLDS LTPQID B$L HNISIWN HPIQWDI 
HRB $I$ LW . HWA HW&DP &L PNI NICB M$WLM &MIT , HMPQD &L M$MR HGBWL 
MZH K$NH WXCI . NICB ALBLDS NWLD B5391 BMCRIM . HWA &LH ARCH B$NT 9491 
WLAXR $IRWTW BCH"L HTGIIS BAPRIL 7591 LM$@RH . HWA $IRT BM$MR HGBWL &D 
9691 , $M HXL AT $IRWTW KSML WMILA $WRH $L TPQIDI PIQWD BKIRIM &D LTPQID 
MPQD X@IBT MG"B BIRW$LIM . B18 HWA MWNH LMPQD MRXB HNGB , TPQID $MILA 
BM$K $LW$ $NIM . BSP@MBR 4891 HTMNH LMPQD MRXB IRW$LIM WAXR KK KIHN KSGN 
MPQD MXWZ HMRKZ , TXT PIQWDW $L @RNR WHKNIS , LM&$H , AT @RNR LRZI 
H&BWDH HPIQWDIT B$@X LPNI $ZH MWNH LMPK"L . BINWAR H$NH MWNH LMPQD MXWZ 
HMRKZ . HWA B&L TWAR RA$WN BMD&I HRWX , N$WI WAB L$LW$H , WNX$B LQCIN 
MQCW&I WNWX $AINW MXP$ &IMWTIM . ALBLDS MKIR HI@B AT IRW$LIM WAT B&IWTIH 
HMIWXDWT MTWK HTPQIDIM $MILA B&BR . KSGNW $L ALBLDS BMXWZ IRW$LIM ITMNH 
NC"M M$H PRIDMN , $IW&LH LDRGT TN"C . PRIDMN $IM$ B$NIM HAXRWNWT KMPQD 
MRXB H$RWN $L HM$@RH WNX$B LQCIN B&L NISIWN RB B&BWDT HPIQWDIM B$@X WMCWI 
HI@B BTXWMI HMBC&IM , HXQIRWT WHMWDI&IN . QPIDBINMINWI BWL@ NWSP HWA 
$L TN"C GBI LS@ LRA$ AG"M . TN"C LS@ $$IM$ B&BR KSGN MPQD M$MR HGBWL 
WBAXRWNH $IM$ SGN MPQD MXWZ TL - ABIB . HWA IW&LH LDRGT NICB . MINWI 
BWL@ AXR HWA $L TN"C RPI PLD KMPQD HMXWZ HDRWMI $L HM$@RH . PLD , $IW&LH 
LDRGT NICB , $IM$ B$NIM HAXRWNWT KRA$ MXLQT HMWDI&IN $L HM$@RH . MINWIW 
KMPQD MXWZ MDGI$ AT HMDINIWT $L $R HM$@RH LXZQ AT HALMN@ $L HNISIWN HMWDI&INI 
ACL QCINIM HMTMNIM LTPQIDI PIQWD . TN"C PLD ( 64 ) NWLD BQIBWC HZWR& , 
$IRT BCNXNIM , HTGIIS L$B"K WB$NT 5791 &BR LM$@RH . KRA$ MXLQT HMWDI&IN 
$L HM$@RH IMWNH NC"M ABI DWTN , $IW&LH LDRGT TN"C . DWTN HWA B&L NISIWN 
RB BNW$AI MWDI&IN WXQIRWT . HWA $IM$ B$NH WXCI HAXRWNWT KMPQD HIXIDH 
HMRKZIT $L M$@RT MXWZ TL - ABIB , $HTBL@H BP&NWX PR$IWT P$& MSWBKWT . 
B&BR $IM$ BMGWWN TPQIDI PIQWD WMWDI&IN . KSGN MPQD HMXWZ HDRWMI ITMNH 
NC"M $M&WN LWI , $IW&LH LDRGT TN"C . LWI KIHN BAXRWNH KMPQD MRXB LKI$ . 
KNCIG M$@RT I$RAL BARH"B ITMNH TN"C DN AWHD , HM$M$ KIWM KSGN MPQD HMXWZ 
HDRWMI . KMPQD MRXB $RWN , BDRGT NC"M , ITMNH SGN NICB ZAB ABN XN , 
HMKHN KIWM KSGN MPQD HMRXB . KMPQD MRXB LKI$ ITMNH NC"M M$H KSPI KIWM 
SGN MPQD MRXB IRW$LIM . KSPI NKNS LTPQIDW RQ LPNI XWD$IM AXDIM . LMPQD 
M$@RT H&IR H&TIQH ITMNH SN"C ABI PDR , $IW&LH LDRGT NC"M . BIRW$LIM 
TWQM TXNT M$@RT HBIRH , $TXLW$ &L P&WLWT HM$@RH B&IR HM&RBIT WSBIBWTIH . 
TXNT HM$@RH B&IR H&TIQH TTWGBR BKWX ADM WBAMC&IM . QPIDBINATMWL NMSR 
&WD KI LRA$ IXIDT HM@H $L $R HM$@RH LNW$AI M$@RH , $&L HQMTH HMLICH W&DT 
ZMIR , ITMNH TN"C @WBIH GWLN HM$M$ &TH K&WZR RA$ AG"M . QCIN NWSP BIXIDH 
ZW IHIH NC"M ABNR BN - DWD , $$IM$ KQCIN HMWDI&IN $L HIXIDH HARCIT LXQIRWT 
HWNAH . BM$K H$BW& HQRWB ISWKMW KMH MINWIIM NWSPIM BCMRT HM$@RH , BHM 
SGN MPQD MXWZ TL - ABIB , &WZR RA$ AG"M , RA$ AGP KWX ADM WMPQD HIXIDH 
HMRKZIT $L M$@RT TL - ABIB . LAXD M$LW$T HTPQIDIM HRA$WNIM MW&MD TN"C 
ARIH BIBI . AM$ KINS @RNR AT SGL HPIQWD HBKIR $L HM$@RH , WBI$IBH QCRH 
BM@H HARCI HWDI& LHM &L HMINWIIM HXD$IM . AXR KK NWD& KI NICB M$WLM &MIT , 
$LA NBXR LTPQID MPQD MXWZ IRW$LIM , NPG$ &M $R HM$@RH WNRAH KI HWA HBI& 
BPNIW TR&WMT &L $LA MWNH LTPQID . $R HM$@RH HSBIR L&MIT AT $IQWLIW BMINWIIM 
HXD$IM . NRAH , KI NICB &MIT LA MTKWWN L&BWR LSDR HIWM &L HPGI&H BW , 
AK B$LB ZH NRAH KI II$AR BTPQIDW KMPQD M$MR HGBWL . 

* 

XBRT HX$ML NITQH ATMWL AT ASPQT HZRM LARB&H MQIDWXI XBRT MQWRWT BRXBI 
HARC . MDWBR BATRI $AIBH SMWK LKRMIAL , BAZWR XWLWN , RMLH - LWD WBQIDWX 
BAZWR BIT - $M$ . HXBRH &MDH LNTQ B$&WT HLILH AT ASPQT HX$ML LATR H$AIBH 
$L HMWBIL HARCI B@BXH . HMWBIL HARCI &WBD BHSPQ XLQI MZH MSPR $BW&WT , 
B$L HMPLS HNMWK $L HKNRT . C&DI XBRT HX$ML LA GRMW ATMWL LB&IWT MHWTIWT 
BASPQT HMIM . MXBRT HX$ML NMSR AM$ KI BD&TH LHRXIB AT M&GL HNITWQIM HIWM , 
AM LA ISTMN PTRWN LB&IT HXWBWT HMC@BRIM $L MQWRWT . MQWRWT H&BIRH ATMWL 
LXBRT HX$ML SKWM $L 01 MILIWN $QL , WBKK CWMCM XWBH L13 MILIWN $QL . 
XBRT HX$ML AMRH BTGWBH KI AIN BSKWM DI BSKWM ZH , MKIWWN $B$BW& HBA 
IGI& LPR&WN X$BWN NWSP $L MQWRWT BSDR GWDL $L K02 MILIWN $QL . QPIDBINXBRT 
MQWRWT NITQH ATMWL $WB AT ASPQT HMIM LBNI - BRQ , AK XID$H AWTH LAXR 
ZMN QCR . NITWQ HMIM N&$H M$WM $L&WBD HMWPQD &L KK LA NMSR CW BIT M$P@ 
HAWSR &L NITWQ ASPQT HMIM &D 09 . 21 . 4 MW&D BW IQIIM BIT HM$P@ DIWN 
BNW$A . DWBR &IRIIT BNI - BRQ , ABRHM @NNBWIM , AMR KI H&IRIIH HWPT&H 
MN HNITWQ $N&$H BNIGWD LCW BIT HM$P@ . DWBR MQWRWT , MRDKI I&QWBWBIC , 
AMR KI LA NITNH HWRAH MTAIMH L&WBD M$WM $CW BIT HM$P@ NITN BIWM XMI$I 
BM&MD CD AXD , W&D ATMWL LA HIH IDW& &L KK LMQWRWT . 

* 

( & ) . KNS ZIKRWN WMXAH BMLAT 25 $NH LMAWR&WT LIL HBDWLX BGRMNIH , 
HTQIIM ATMWL , BAWLM XIIM WICMN BIRW$LIM . BKNS HWDLQW 41 NRWT ZKRWN 
LZKR HQWRBNWT W$RIPT BTI HKNST WHTQIIMH DWMIH MMW$KT , KAWT MXAH LP$& 
HGRMNI HMMLKTI WL$TIQT MDINWT H&WLM . MARGNI HKNS HWW&D HCIBWRI LMWR$T 
H$WAH WHGBWRH B$ITWP &M ARGWN BRIT RA$WNIM , RAW &NIIN MIWXD BAIZKWR 
AIRW&I LIL HBDWLX NWKX AIXWD GRMNIH WNPILT HXWMH . IW"R HNHLT HSWKNWT 
$MXH DINIC AMWR HIH LH$TTP BAIRW& , AWLM BGLL $HWTW BXW"L HWQRAW DBRIW 
MPI NCIG HSWKNWT MRDKI GL&D : " MM$ MWL &ININW HWLK WMTG$M HIWM HXZWN 
$L TXILT XISWL HGLWIWT " AWMR DINIC . " AIN LI SPQ $B&TID HLA RXWQ 
IBWAW HMWNIM MBRIH"M , ATIWPIH , MDINWT AMRIQH HL@INIT WAPILW MARH"B , 
WB@WXNI $&M KNISTNW LMAH HBAH THIH MDINT I$RAL MDINT RWB RWBW $L H&M 
HIHWDI . ANI QWRA LHMWNI BNI &MNW BTPWCWT HGWLH LSII& BQLI@T H&WLIM , 
ABL M&L HKL LBWA WLHC@RP ALINW BBNIIH , LBISWSH WXIZWQH $L MDINT I$RAL . 
ZW HT$WBH HBL&DIT L&$RWT ALPI HQHILWT HIHWDIWT BAIRWPIH , $XWRBNN HXL 
BAWTW LIL HBDWLX B9 LNWBMBR 8391 " . BKNS NMTXH BIQWRT KLPI GRMNIH HXD$H , 
$LA AZKRH AT AIRW&I H$WAH WLA MN&H MTN SIW& CBAI LAWIIBI I$RAL . " HGRMNI 
HMMWC& M$WKN& , KI PICH AT HIHWDIM MZMN BKSPIM MPRI &MLW WLA MGZL HRKW$ 
HIHWDI . LLA NQIPWT MCPWN WLLA MWRA $L CIBWR , GWRPIM BNQAIM WT&$IINIM 
HWN MASPQT N$Q H$MDH WGZ HKXDH NGD H&M HIHWDI HP&M BMZRX HTIKWN " NAMR 
BHWD&H M@&M MARGNI HKNS . 

* 

, BMSGRT HPRWGRMH $L HM$RD LTQWPH ZW . MNK"L HM$RD , &MIQM AWRN , 
H&RIK ATMWL KI MRA$IT $NT HTQCIB 09 ( BAPRIL ) , HXLH BNIITN $L K000 , 
8 IXIDWT DIWR BLBD . BMQBIL NM$KT HQMTN $L K000 , 8 IXIDWT DIWR $BNIITN 
HXLH &WD B$NT HTQCIB 98 . AWRN AMR KI TXILT HQMTN $L IXIDWT HDIWR HXD$WT 
BMSGRT HPRWGRMH AINH TLWIH RQ BM$RD HBINWI WH$IKWN ALA BGWRMIM NWSPIM 
KMW MINHL MQRQ&I I$RAL , THLIKI TKNWN WQBLT HITRI HBNIIH WHQBLNIM &CMM . 
BDIWNIM &L TQCIB HMDINH L$NT 19 HCI& M$RD HBINWI WH$IKWN KI BMSGRT HPRWGRMH 
$L HM$RD IWXL BHQMT 06 ALP IXIDWT DIWR . &L - PI HHC&H IWQMW &$RWT ALPI 
IXIDWT DIWR NWSPWT &L - IDI HSQ@WR HPR@I . BNW$A HBTIM HMIWBAIM , AMR 
AWRN KI &D KH PWRSMW 2 MKRZIM LRKI$T 000 , 9 BTIM MIWBAIM MHARC WMXW"L . 
BQRWB IPRSM HM$RD MKRZ NWSP LRKI$T 000 , 6 BTIM . KZKWR , AI$RH HMM$LH 
LM$RD HBINWI WH$IKWN B2 BAWGWS@ 09 , LRKW$ 51 ALP BTIM MWKNIM . BIMIM 
HQRWBIM IPRSM HM$RD MKRZ LHQMT 01 ALPIM IXIDWT DIWR BRXBI HARC &L - IDI 
XBRH AXT . ICWIIN , KI LM$RD H$IKWN HWG$H LPNI MSPR XWD$IM HC&H &L - 
IDI GD ZABI LHQMT 02 ALP IXIDWT DIWR . MBQRT HMDINH MRIM BN PWRT $IGRH 
AZ MKTB AL $R HBINWI WH$IKWN ARIAL $RWN , WHWDI&H LW KI HIA BWDQT AT 
PRSWM HMKRZ B&NIIN HQMT 02 ALP IXIDWT HDIWR . BSWPW $L DBR HWXL@ BM$RD 
H$IKWN LPRSM MKRZ LHQMT 01 ALPIM IXIDWT DIWR , WM&RIKIM KI ITMWDDW BW 
GM XBRWT QBLNIWT MXW"L . AWRN DXH AT HBIQWRT $HW$M&H B$BW& HAXRWN NGD 
HXL@T HMM$LH LAP$R LM$RDW LHTQ$R &M XBRWT M$KNWT BAMC&WT " MKRZIM SGWRIM " . 
HWA AMR KI HMKRZIM HSGWRIM IHIW PTWXIM LKL HXBRWT HM$KNWT &L PI DIRWG 
HXBRH . M$RD HBINWI WH$IKWN HGDIL BXWD$IIM HAXRWNIM AT MSPR HXBRWT HQBLNIWT 
$HWKRW KXBRWT M$KNWT M821 BXWD$ PBRWAR 09 , L253 XBRWT BNWBMBR 09 . 
HM$RD MTKNN LHGDIL BQRWB AT MSPR HXBRWT HQBLNIWT $IWKRW KXBRWT M$KNWT 
L500 . HWA MSR KI BMKRZIM LHQMT MSPR RB $L IXIDWT DIWR , IWKLW LH$TTP 
K05 XBRWT M$KNWT GDWLWT . QPIDBINH$R $RWN HKXI$ AM$ BTWQP AT HPRSWMIM 
LPIHM NBXNT AP$RWT L$KN AT H&WLIM HXD$IM MBRIH"M BAWHLIM . $RWN AMR : 
" LA IHIW PH AWHLIM . LA NXZWR L$NWT HXMI$IM . HPTRWNWT &LIHM ANW 
$WQDIM , HM PTRWNWT @WBIM . HMDWBR BALPI BTIM MWKNIM WQRAWWNIM A$R IAP$RW 
MTN QWRT GG LKL &WLH BM$K TQWPT HBINIIM , &D LH$LMT BNIITN $L ALPI IXIDWT 
DIWR BBNIIH QWNWWNCIWNLIT " . LDBRIW PTRWN ZH , BNWSP L$IPWCN $L DIRWT 
" &MIDR " , ALPI XDRI BTI - MLWN $HW$KRW WDIRWT $T&MID M&RKT HBI@XWN 
LR$WT H&WLIM , IB@IX QWRT GG LKL H&WLIM . $RWN $DIBR BTWM I$IBT HQBIN@ 
LQLI@T &LIIH , AMR KI HP&ILWT BATRI HXRWM MCWIIH K&T B$IAH WAM IHIH CWRK 
BBTIM MWKNIM WQRAWWNIM NWSPIM , IPNH LMM$LH KDI LQBL HXL@H LRKW$ AWTM . 
" AIN CWRK LHIKNS LPANIQH . BIKWLTNW LTT PTRWN LNW$A HDIWR , HDBR 
TLWI RQ BNW " , AMR . W&DT H$RIM HXLI@H LA$R AT TKNITM $L M$RDI HQLI@H 
WHPNIM BDBR &IDWD &WLIM LPTWX &SQIM WPRWIIQ@IM &CMAIIM WHQMT MWQD &SQI 
LPITWX IWZMWT KLKLIWT BI$WBIM H&IRWNIIM , B&LWT $L 01 MILIWN $QLIM . 
BKK IW$BH HMXLWQT BIN $R HQLI@H , HRB ICXQ PRC , LBIN RA$I M$RD HAWCR 
B&NIIN DRI$T M$RD HQLI@H LQBL TWSPT TQCIBIT LCWRK HP&LT HTWKNIT . $R HMD& 
WH@KNWLWGIH , IWBL NAMN , HCIG TKNIT LQLI@T MD&NIM &WLIM HKWLLT HSBTM 
HMQCW&IT LHWRAH BMD&IM H@KNWLWGIIM , QLI@TM BMKWNI MXQR WKW . HWXL@ 
KI M$RD HMD& IRKZ AT H@IPWL BNW$A ZH WCWWT BRA$WT RA$ AGP HTQCIBIM BAWCR , 
DWD BW&Z , IBXN AT DRKI HBICW& $L HTWKNIT . RA$I R$WT H$IDWR DIWWXW 
LQBIN@ KI TWK 09 IWM TWQM WTWP&L R$T RDIW L&WLIM A$R T$DR 8151 $&WT BIMMH . 
KMW KN , TW&LH BPNI MWSDWT R$WT H$IDWR HHC&H L$DR B$&WT H&RB MHDWRWT 
XD$WT BRWSIT . &WD NMSR KI BKWWNT HR$WT LHP&IL TRGWM LRWSIT $L MHDWRT 
" MB@ LXD$WT " . 

* 

R$T H$QM TKPIL AT $@XI HMKIRH BXNWIWTIH &D LSWP H&$WR HNWKXI , AMR IW"R 
DIRQ@WRIWN HXBRH , CBI ALDWR@I . BKNS HMNHLIM HBKIRIM $L HXBRH $HTQIIM 
ATMWL BT"A , MSR ALDWR@I KI HNHLT HR$T MTKNNT LHGI& L$@XI MKIRH B$@X 
$L 000 , 522 M"R WLHQIM MSPR XNWIWT XD$WT BAIZWRI HRIKWZ H&IRWNI $L H&WLIM 
HXD$IM . ALDWR@I CIIN KI HNHLT HR$T &WRKT BIMIM ALH QWRSIM LQLI@T &WLIM 
XD$IM L$WRWTIH LMRWT $B@WWX HQCR &DIIN AIN LH TQNIM PNWIIM LH&SQTM . BIMIM 
ALH BWDQT W&DT HMWMXIM BRA$WTW $L HM$P@N , D"R IWSI GRWS , AT HDRKIM 
LHPR@T H$Q"M . IW " R HDIRQ@WRIWN $L H$Q"M @W&N KI MCBH HKLKLI $L HXBRH 
AITN , WLKN AIN BD&TH LBQ$ SIW& MM$LTI KL $HWA &L MNT LBC& AT TWKNIT 
HPITWX $&LIH HWXL@ . 

* 

( &$"T ) . RA$ HMM$LH ICXQ $MIR HWDI& ATMWL KI HWA BWDQ AT HC&T $R 
HXINWK WHTRBWT ZBWLWN HMR LHNHIG GIWS XWBH LM$MR HAZRXI . HMR HGI$ B$BW& 
$&BR AT HC&TW LHRXIB AT $WRWT HM$MR HAZRXI &"I GIWS XWBH LTQWPH MWGBLT , 
WBKK LHQL &L &BWDT HM$@RH WHCBA . ATMWL BIQ$ RA$ HMM$LH M$R HBI@XWN WM$R 
HM$@RH LXWWT AT D&TM LGBI MIMW$H . $R HXINWK WHTRBWT SBWR KI LNWKX HHIDRDRWT 
BMCB BI@XWN HPNIM MW@LT &L HMM$LH HXWBH LXP$ DRKIM BLTI $GRTIWT KDI LHGBIR 
AT BI@XWN HTW$BIM WLH@IL GM &L HAZRXIM AT XWBT HHGNH . 

* 

HLMWND , HWLND ( RWI@RS ) . HWLND MSRIXH . BARC H$PLH HZAT I$ HR 
$L ZBL . &K$IW I$ BH IWTR XZIRIM MA$R BNI ADM , WIXD &M PRWT WTRNGWLWT 
MIICRT AWKLWSIIT B&LI - HXIIM IWTR ZBL M$MSWGLIM XQLAIH LNCL KXWMRI DI$WN . 
HSIRXWN MMLA L&TIM QRWBWT AT HAWWIR , WH&WDP ZWRM AL M&RKT HT&LWT $L 
HMDINH , MZHM AT MI H$TIIH , MZIN ACWT MR&ILWT WMTNDP AL HA@MWSPIRH 
KGZ AMWNIH , W$B AL HQRQ& KG$M XWMCI . KDI LPTWR AT HB&IIH HMDIPH RIX , 
M&WDDT HMM$LH T&$IIH XD$H : MP&LIM LIICWR D$NIM , $IHPKW AT HPSWLT 
HXQLAIT LKDWRIWT $L D$NIM , AWTN AP$R IHIH LIICA BQLWT . T&$IIH ZW AINH 
MRWWIXH KLL , WB&CM HIA MPSIDH LA M&@ , AK HMM$LH MAMINH KI ZHW HPTRWN 
H@WB BIWTR LB&IIT AIKWT SBIBH XMWRH BMDINH CPWPT - AWKLWSIN ZW . AWLM 
AN$I AIKWT HSBIBH AINM MSKIMIM &M HMM$LH . HM MAMINIM KI I$ LCMCM AT 
MSPR B&LI HXIIM . B04 H$NIM HAXRWNWT GDLH AWKLWSIIT HXZIRIM BHWLND PI 
$MWNH L41 MILIWN . IXD &M 09 MILIWN HTRNGWLWT W5 MILIWN HPRWT , HM 
MPIQIM K08 MILIWN @WNWT $L ZBL MDI $NH HRBH IWTR M$AP$R IHIH LPZR &L 
PNI 02 MILIWN HDWNM $L ADMH XQLAIT . QPIDBINHMM$LH RWCH LHQIM MSPIQ MP&LIM 
$IWKLW L&BD 6 MILIWN @WNWT $L ZBL B$NH B4991 , W02 MILIWN @WNWT B$NT 
0002 . BR@ HILBR@S , HMNHL HKLLI $L XBRT PRWMS@ L&IBWD ZBL , HWA TWMK 
NLHB BT&$IIH HXD$H : " AN$IM TMID XW$BIM $IHIH SIRXWN NWRA , ABL AM 
ATH M@PL BZBL BMQWM AIN BKLL RIX " , HWA AWMR . HMP&L $LW MMWQM BAZWR 
T&$IITI MXWC LHLMWND . HWA M@PL KIWM B000 , 001 @WNWT $L ZBL XZIRIM B$NH , 
HCPWI LGDWL L000 , 006 @WNWT &D SWP 2991 . QIIMWT KBR TWKNIWT LHQMT 
MP&L $NI . HZBL $%09 MMNW HM MIM MGI& BMKLIWT MXWWT MQWMIWT , WN$AB 
DRK $WRH $L MKLI $QI&H $BHM MPWRRWT AWTW BQ@RIWT . HXWMRIM HMWCQIM MWPRDIM 
LAXR MKN &L - IDI CN@RIPWGWT , MIWB$IM , HWPKIM LKDWRIWT , WMSPQIM 
MWCR XSR RIX HNRAH KMW &WGWT LMAKL BQR . KMH KDWRIWT MWCAWT AT DRKN LMRKZI 
GNNWT BHWLND AW MPWZRWT B$DWT H@WLIPIM HMPWRSMIM $L HMDINH , ABL % 09 
MHN MIWCAWT . B$ITWP P&WLH &M &NQ HMWCRIM HXQLAIIM HAI@LQI GRWPW PRWCI , 
ICRH PRWMS@ $WQ LKDWRIWT BDRWM SPRD WBCPWN PWR@WGL , $M M&DIPIM AWTN 
HXQLAIM &L PNI D$NIM MLAKWTIIM , B$L HTKWLH HAWRGNIT HGBWHH $LHN . HILBR@S 
MAMIN $BMXIR $L 021 DWLR L@WNH I$ LSXWRTW $WQ APILW BQLIPWRNIH WBIPAN 
HMRWXQWT . LDBRIW , " MXQR $WWQIM MWRH KI I$ BKL H&WLM $WQ PW@NCIALI , 
&D L2 MILIWN @WNWT L$NH " . I$ &WD AN$IM HMMHRIM LNCL AT H&W$R H@MWN BZBL . 
$NI MP&LIM L&IBWD ZBL &WPWT KBR PW&LIM , WQIIMWT TWKNIWT L&WD TRISR 
MP&LIM . ABL LA KWLM MTLHBIM MN HR&IWN . " MCIAT HMQWM HNKWN HIA B&IIH . 
HIW LNW TLWNWT MMAPIIH HMRWXQT QILWM@R WXCI MATNW , $HAMWNIH MHMP&L 
&LWLH LHZIQ L&WGWT HQRM $LHM " , AWMR HILBR@S . GM HNCIBWT HAIRWPIT MRXRXT 
MSBIB . MM$LT HWLND MTKNNT L$LM LMP&LIM % 53 MHWCAWT HH$Q&H , ABL ZH 
NRAH LKMH PQIDIM $L H$WQ HM$WTP KSIW& MM$LTI LA XWQI . HXL@H $L H$WQ B&NIIN 
HSWBSIDIWT CPWIIH BRA$IT 1991 , WHILBR@S MQBL AT H&WBDH $HIA &LWLH LQ@WN . 
" AM ZH % 52 AW % 03 ZW AINH Q@S@RWPH . ANXNW &DIIN NBC& AT TWKNIWTINW . 
ZW L&WLM LA THIH P&ILWT RWWXIT . SWBSIDIH $L % 53 LH$Q&H TWRID RQ 5 AW 
6 GWLDNIM ( 5 . 3 DWLRIM ) MKLL HWCAWT H&IBWD , HMGI&WT L53 GWLDN ( 
12 DWLR ) L@WNH " . HMP&LIM IXZIQW M&MD B&ZRT TRWMWT MXQLAIM $I$TM$W B$IRWTIHM , 
WMQRN L&ZRH HDDIT $LH ITRMW KL MGDLI B&LI HXIIM . HXQLAIM , $KBR &WMDIM 
BPNI HGBLWT &L GWDL &DRIHM WM$LMIM QNSWT &L QRQ& MDW$NT ITR &L HMIDH , 
MAMINIM KI T$LWMIM KALH &DIPIM &L PIQWX HDWQ &WD IWTR &L &SQIHM . AN$I 
AIKWT HSBIBH AINM MSKIMIM . DWLP LWGMN MQRN H@B& WHSBIBH AWMR $HMP&LIM 
L&IBWD ZBL Q@NIM MDI , WMGI&IM MAWXR MDI . HWA MAMIN $&IKWBIM BTWKNIT 
IBIAW LKK $RQ 5 . 2 MILIWN @WNWT I&WBDW B5991 KMWT $KM&@ WLA TQ@IN AT 
&RIMWT HZBL HMC@BRWT . LD&TW , " HQ@NT MSPR B&LI HXIIM HIA DRK @WBH 
IWTR L@PL B&WDP " . 

* 

$GRIR I$RAL BWWA$ING@WN ZLMN $WBL WH$GRIR BAW"M IWRM ARIDWR H&BIRW BAXRWNH 
LIRW$LIM HMLCH XMH LHBIA LSIWM HSKSWK &M ARH"B WHAW"M BPR$T HR - HBIT . 
HDRG HMDINI HBKIR BIRW$LIM TWMK BHZMNTW $L &WZR MZKIR HAW"M ZAN - QLWD 
AIIMH LI$RAL $LA MKWX HXL@T MW&CT HBI@XWN B&NIIN HR - HBIT WBTNAI $BKK 
TSTIIM HPR$H . NWD& KI RA$ HMM$LH ICXQ $MIR $WKN& $HC&T HP$RH HZAT LA 
TPG& BM&MDH $L I$RAL BIRW$LIM . HDIPLWM@IM HI$RALIM BARH"B HBHIRW KI HAMRIQAIM 
MBQ$IM LHGI& KBR BIMIM HQRWBIM LSIKWM SBIB HC&T HP$RH , $KN MDINWT &RB 
WHBLTI - MZDHWT &LWLWT LHQDIM WLHGI$ LMW&CT HBI@XWN HC&T HXL@H MRWKKT 
LPIQWX KL$HW $L HAW"M &L H$@XIM . ARH"B MBQ$T LHIMN& MH@LT W@W &L HC&WT 
HQ$WRWT LHXL@H 276 B&NIIN HR HBIT , WAM H&RBIM ISTPQW BNWSX M$WLB &M 
HMLCT MZK"L HAWM B&NIIN KINWS HMDINWT HXTWMWT &L AMNT ZNWWH , CWPIM KI 
ARH"B LA T@IL &L KK W@W . BMG&IM &M ARH"B HBHIRH I$RAL KI HIA TSRB LQBL 
KL $LIX BHQ$R LHXL@H 276 , WAILW ARH"B MQIIMT MG&IM &M MDINWT M&RBIWT 
NWSPWT , WBRA$N BRI@NIH WCRPT , &L - MNT LH$IG TMIKH BHC&H $I$RAL TQBL 
AT &WZR MZK"L HAW"M BLA Q$R LHXL@H B&NIIN AIRW&I HR - HBIT . I$RAL @W&NT 
BPNI ARH"B KI BXWD$ IWNI HAXRWN HIA TMKH BHC&H DWMH $B&QBWTIH HGI& AIIMH 
LI$RAL , WLKN RQ AIRW&I HMPRC HM $MWN&IM B&D HMM$L HAMRIQAI LTMWK &TH 
BHC&H . MTBRR KI MZK"L HAW"M LA PRSM $WM DIWWX BKTB &L $LIXWTW $L &WZRW , 
WBIRW$LIM SBWRIM $HHXL@H LHZMINW HITH BMQWMH . QPIDBIN$R HXWC DWD LWI 
AMR ATMWL KI HWA &CMW HNXH AT NCIGI I$RAL BAW"M WBWWA$ING@WN LQDM AT HC&T 
HP$RH . BTWM I$IBT HMM$LH $BH DIWWX QCRWT &L HMG&IM SBIB HXL@T MW&CT 
HBI@XWN , AMR LWI KI AIN LPI $&H SIKWM BIN I$RAL LARH"B , WHWSIP : 
" AIN LNW MDINIWT $L NITWQ MG& &M HAW"M . AIN LNW GM MSWRT HPWSLT PGI$H 
&M $LIX KL$HW . KL MAMCINW NW&DW LMNW& QBLT HXL@H AWPR@IWWIT $LILIT NGD 
I$RAL , WGM LXZQ AT HHBNH &M ARH"B " . GWRMIM MDINIIM BIRW$LIM HBI&W ATMWL 
AT BI@XWNM KI AM ARH"B TAMC AT HC&T HP$RH , HIA TZKH BRWB GDWL BQBIN@ , 
XRP HTNGDWT CPWIH MCD $RI HTXIIH WH$R $RWN . HAXRWN HZHIR ATMWL BI$IBT 
HMM$LH KI " AM IIM$K HMXDL HBI@XWNI , N&MWD BQRWB BPNI TBI&WT MSWKNWT 
LHCBT M$QIPI AW"M , WAWLI AP KWXWT AW"M " . B$IXH &M HMNHIGIM HIHWDIM 
B$BW& $&BR AMR HN$IA BW$ KI HWA M&WNIIN MAWD BTMIKT HQHILH HIHWDIT BMDINIWTW 
BMPRC , WL$M KK I$ LW &NIIN LHSIR AT MK$WL PR$T HR - HBIT . BW$ AMR 
KI &MDTW $L $MIR MQ$H &L KK . 

* 

IITKN $AXD MMRKIBI HMK"M $L M@WSI AP61 , HMIWCR &L IDI RPA"L &BWR XBRH 
AMRIQAIT , IWTQN GM BM@WSIM $IIMSRW LXIL HAWWIR HMCRI , WB&TID GM LXILWT 
AWWIR NWSPIM . HMDWBR BMRKIB MKNI $L MIN$A HMK"M , HMIWCR BRPA"L &BWR 
XBRT WWS@INGHAWZ , BMSGRT HSDRI RKI$WT GWMLIN ( AWP - S@ ) . WWS@INGHAWZ 
HIA HQBLN HMIICR &BWR ICRNIT HAP61 , GNRL DIINMIQS , AT MKLWL HMK"M 
$L HM@WS . &D &TH SWPQW &L IDI RPA"L 061 IXIDWT KALH W&TH HW&BRH HZMNH 
L&WD 001 IXIDWT . RA$ITH $L HHZMNH B&SQT RKI$T HM@WSIM &BWR I$RAL , 
AK BHM$K HIA HWRXBH W&TH MSPQT RPA"L AT HIXIDWT HALH HMWRKBWT BM@WSIM 
$NMKRIM GM LMDINWT NWSPWT . AXT H&SQWT HMTWKNNWT HIA MKIRTM $L M@WSI 
AP61 LMCRIM . &D LXTIMT HXWZH &M WWS@INGHAWZ LA BIC&H RPA"L AP &SQH BMSGRT 
HSDRI HAWP - S@ , WLPIKK NTPST &SQH ZW KPRICT DRK &WBR RPA"L . WWS@INGHAWZ 
MBQ$T &K$IW LHARIK AT HHSKM &M RPA"L LIICWR HIXIDWT &BWR HMK"M , &D L$NT 
5991 . &BWR HIXIDWT $SIPQH RPA"L &D &TH QIBLH XMI$H MLIWN DWLR , WAM 
IWARK TWQP HHSKM L&WD XM$ $NIM , IGI& HIQP H&SQWT LK02 MLIWN DWLR . BMSGRT 
HSKMI HAWP - S@ $NLWW L&SQT RKI$T M@WSI HAP61 &BWR XIL HAWWIR HI$RALI 
( &SQH HMKWNH " PIS MRBL 3 " ) MIICRT ALTA XLQ MN HMK"M HMWRKB BM@WSIM 
$IIMSRW LI$RAL . AT HHSKM &M ALTA , $HIA XBRH BT $L HT&$IIH HAWWIRIT , 
XTMH GM KN HXBRH HAMRIQAIT WWS@INGHAWZ . ALTA , $HMTMXH BPITWXIM WIICWR 
BTXWM HMK"M MIICRT &BWR HXBRH HAMRIQAIT , MRKIBIM ALQ@RWNIIM $L MK"M , 
HAP - 61 . BNIGWD L&SQH &M RPA"L , HMAP$RT LWWS@INGHAWZ L&$WT $IMW$ 
BMWCRIM $IIMSRW LH GM LM&RKWT MK"M $L M@WSIM $IIMSRW LMDINWT ZRWT , II&$H 
$IMW$ BMRKIBIM $TSPQ ALTA RQ &BWR HM@WSIM $IIMSRW LXIL HAWWIR HI$RALI . 


* 

WA$ING@WN ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . PQIDIM BKIRIM BM&RKT HBI@XWN $L I$RAL 
MAIIMIM KI AM ARH"B LA TSPQ LI$RAL MID& MWDI&INI " BZMN AMITI " &L &IRAQ , 
&$WIH I$RAL LMCWA &CMH NALCT LIZWM MTQPT - MN& . KK MDWWXT $LIXT H&ITWN 
" WA$ING@WN PWS@ " LI$RAL . BIMIM HAXRWNIM HIW MSPR DIWWXIM B&ITWNWT 
HAMRIQAIT MPI MQWRWT BKIRIM BI$RAL , LPIHM I$RAL ZW&MT &L KK $ARH"B AINH 
MSPQT LH XWMR MWDI&INI ( BMIWXD T$DWRWT LWWIIN ) BZMN AMITI . KTBT H"WA$ING@WN 
PWS@ " MDWWXT MPI QCINI CBA BKIRIM WMPI PQIDIM BM&RKT HBI@XWN , KI I$RAL 
ZQWQH LASPQH $W@PT , MIDIT , $L MID& MWDI&INI , KDI LHI&RK MB&WD MW&D 
LMTQPT @ILIM AP$RIT MTXWMI &IRAQ . LDBRI DIPLWM@ I$RALI BKIR , " MID& 
KZH XIWNI LI$RAL BMIWXD &TH , M$WM $ARH"B BIQ$H MI$RAL LHPXIT AT P&ILWT 
AISWP HMID& HMWDI&INI $LH NGD &IRAQ " , KWTBT WIIMWT . LDBRIH , I$RAL 
NIAWTH LHPXIT AT @ISWT HTCPIT $LH , $BHN HIA BWL$T AXR HMTRX$ B&IRAQ . 
AP - &L - PI - KN KK MDWWXT HKTBT MPI B&LI TPQIDIM BKIRIM BI$RAL DXTH 
ARH"B AT BQ$WT I$RAL LQIIM TKNWN WTIAWM M$WTP . " QCIN CBAI I$RALI HZKIR 
$ARH"B BIQ$H BMPWR$ MI$RAL $LA LIZWM MTQPT - MN& NGD &IRAQ " , KWTBT WIIMWT , 
WAWLM , HBHIR HQCIN HBKIR , ANXNW &$WIIM LP&WL LPI HAIN@RSIM $LNW , 
MTWK NISIWN KW$L LHTX$B BAIN@RSIM HAMRIQAIIM " . QCIN CBA I$RALI AXR 
MCW@@ KAWMR : " &DIP LIZWM MTQPT - MN& MA$R LHMTIN $H@IL IPWL . I$ 
LNW HZKWT LTQWP , AM ANXNW B@WXIM $HWA ( SDAM XWSIIN ) MTKWWN LTQWP . 
LA NHIH M@RWT NIIXWT L&IRAQ " . LDBRI HKTBT , HQCIN AMR KI HWA M@IL 
SPQ BMIDT HXRDH $L ARH"B MPNI $TI SWLLWT H@ILIM HMWCBWT BM&RB &IRAQ , 
A$R &$WIWT L$M$ LTQIPT I$RAL ; M@RWTIH HRA$WNWT $L ARH"B BTXWMI &IRAQ , 
AMR HQCIN , IHIW MRKZI TQ$WRT , MTQNI NP@ WX$ML , " WLA @ILIM HMWPNIM 
L&BR TL - ABIB " . HKTBT MWSRT MPI MQWRWT I$RALIIM KI &L - PI MID& MWDI&INI 
MIDI , TWKL I$RAL LD&T MTI &IRAQ MTKWNNT L$IGWR @ILIM MSWG " SQAD - 
BI " NGDH . " LPI HXI$WBIM $L MWMXIM I$RALIM , K - 68 DQWT I&BRW MHRG& 
$BW H@ILIM IW&MSW &L KNI H$IGWR &D $HM IHIW MWKNIM LGMRI LHP&LH . KRG& 
I$ HPR$ $L 21 &D 61 $&WT MHRG& $BW ARH"B MQBLT AT HMWDI&IN HGWLMI W&D 
LRG& $HIA M&BIRH TMCIT $L HNTWNIM LIDI I$RAL " . 

* 

ATMWL HWARK B$B&H IMIM M&CRM $L $NI X$WDIM BM&$I HHCTH BMLWN IMIT BTL 
ABIB . H$NIIM HM AIAD GAPI , BN 5 . 81 MKPR IA@H $LID XBRWN , A$R &WBD 
BM@BX HMLWN WAXIW NACR GAPI , BN 12 , H&WBD BMLWN AXR . H$NIIM N&CRW 
LAXR H$RIPH $PRCH BIWM $$I AXR HCHRIIM BMRTP HMLWN . HITH ZW H$RIPH HRBI&IT 
BMSPR B$BW& $&BR BAWTW MLWN . BIWM $$I B&RB &IKBH HM$@RH MSPR X$WDIM 
LXQIRH , XLQM NBDQW BPWLIGRP . $NIIM N&CRW , WH$AR $WXRRW . AXD H&CWRIM 
NMCA DWBR $QR BBDIQT HPWLIGRP . H$NIIM AINM M$TPIM P&WLH &M XWQRIHM . 
HTIIR HNWRWWGI $N&CR IWM QWDM LKN BX$D LBICW& HHCTWT , $WXRR WDRKWNW 
HWXZR LW . KTWCAH MN HHCTWT NGRM NZQ KBD LMW&DWN WLMS&DT HMLWN . KN N$RP 
RIHW@ $AWXSN BMRTP HMLWN WNGRM NZQ L$WLXNWT WLKISAWT $AWXSNW BMRTP HMLWN . 
HM$@RH BWDQT KIWWNIM $WNIM , BHM PLILI WBI@XWNI . 

* 

PQWDT MS HHKNSH MSMIKH AT NCIB MS HHKNSH LXIIB KL NI$WM $I$ LW HKNSH M&SQ 
AW M$LX - ID LNHL PNQSI X$BWNWT BCWRH WBAWPN $NQB&W BKLLIM L&NIIN ZH . 
SMKWT MQBILH NITNH L$R HAWCR L&NIIN NIHWL SPRIM &L - IDI &WSQIM LPI XWQ 
MS &RK MWSP . NI$WM $HKNSTW AINH NWB&T M&SQ AW M$LX - ID , AINW XIIB 
BNIHWL SPRIM . HWA HDIN GM BMI $AINW NI$WM WAINW &WSQ LPI XWQ M&"M , 
KMW LM$L MLK"R AW R$WT CIBWRIT KL$HI . GM MI $AINW NI$WM WAINW XIIB 
BMS , XIIB L&TIM BNIKWI MS MAXRIM ( &WBDIM , SPQIM WKD ) . HWRAWT 
NIHWL SPRIM LCWRKI MS NW&DW LM&$H LA RQ LAP$R LNI$WM AT &RIKT HDW"X &L 
PIHM , ALA GM LAP$R L$L@WNWT HMS LBDWQ AT HRI$WMIM WHNTWNIM , LRBWT 
MILWI XWBT NIKWI HMS BMQWR . R$WIWT HMS NTQLW BQ$IIM BBDIQT DW"XWT $L 
NI$WMIM $HKNSTM AINH M&SQ AW M$LX - ID , ALA MMQWR AXR ( HKNSWT PSIWWIWT 
MDMI $KIRWT , DIWWIDND , RIBIT WKD ) . LPIKK LA ! XIIBIM NI$WMIM 
KALH LNHL SPRI X$BWNWT . SWGIIH NPRDT HINH HMLK"RIM , HXIIBIM BNIHWL 
SPRIM RQ AM I$ LHM HKNSH M&SQ AW M$LX - ID . R$WIWT HMS HIW CRIKWT LHWKIX 
TXILH $AMNM I$ LAWTW MLK"R HKNSH HXIIBT BMS , WRQ AZ LXIIBW BNIHWL SPRIM . 
AK BH&DR SPRIM Q$H HIH L&TIM LBDWQ HAM HKNSWTIW $L HMLK"R NWB&WT BXLQN 
GM MMQWRWT HXIIBIM BMS . KDI LHTGBR &L Q$IIM ALH HXLI@H HMM$LH , BMSGRT 
QBI&T &QRWNWT LMDINIWT KLKLIT , LTQN AT PQWDT MS HHKNSH . NCIB HMS HWS%MK 
LH@IL XWBT NIHWL PNQSI X$BWNWT GM &L SWGI NI$WMIM $HKNSTM AINH DWWQA M&SQ 
AW M$LX - ID , WKN &L R$WIWT CIBWRIWT WMLK"RIM . XWBH ZW TAP$R GM LHGBIR 
AT HBIQWRT BKL HQ$WR BNIKWI MS BMQWR MHT$LWMIM LAXRIM . B&NIIN HMLK"RIM 
MSTMKT HXL@T HMM$LH &L HMLCWTIH $L W&DH CIBWRIT HB ( WDQT AT &NIN MISWI 
HMLK"RIM BKLLW . HMLCWT HBINIIM $L HWW&DH HN LHSMIK AT HNCIB LQBW& KLLIM 
HMXIIBIM AT HMLK"RIM BNIHWL X$BWNWT LCWRKI MS . BMQBIL LKK MGB$IM BNCIBWT 
AT HKLLIM &CMM . $NT HKSPIM $L HMLK"RIM ( BNIGWD LTAGIDIM &SQIIM ) MTXILH 
BDRK - KLL B1 BAPRIL , WHWRAWT NIHWL SPRIM NKNSWT LTWQPN $LW$H XWD$IM 
MIWM PRSWMN BR$WMWT . LPIKK , AM IPWRSM HKLLIM &D 1 BINWAR 1991 , HM 
IXWLW &L HNWG&IM BDBR MTXILT $NT HKSPIM HQRWBH . SBIR LHNIX $HKLLIM 5IHIW 
$WNIM MHWRAWT NIHWL SPRIM HMQWBLWT BTAGIDIM &SQIIM . MKL MQWM , BRWR 
$MWSDWT CIBWR IXWIBW BRI$WM KL HKNSWTIHM ( WLA RQ HHKNSWT H&SQIWT ) , 
TWK HPRDH BIN HKNSWT MTRWMWT WTMIKWT , WBIN HKNSWT HXIIBWT BMS . 

* 

NIW - IWRQ ( MIWXD L"HARC " ) . HAP - BI - AII HC@RP LXQIRT RWCXW $L 
MAIR KHNA . SWKNI AP - BI - AI MKWX MHM$IMH NGD @RWR BIN - LAWMI MTMQDIM 
BXQIRT Q$R AP$RI BIN S&ID NWSIIR LQBWCWT @RWR MXWC LM@RWPWLIN KK DIWWX 
ATMWL H&ITWN " NIWZDII " BIDI&H BL&DIT . XWQRIM $L M$@RT NIW - IWRQ 
H&WSQIM BXQIRT HRCX MAMINIM KI NWSIIR P&L LBDW , AK NSWKNI HAP - BI - 
AII AINM MQBLIM H&RKH ZW . MQWRWT BSWKNWT HBIWN AMRW L&ITWN KI @RM MWCW 
HXQIRWT BDBR M&WRBWT $L GWRMI @RWR XICWNIIM BHTNQ$WT BXII KHNA . XWQRI 
HAP - BI - AII XWQRIM , B&ZRT BL$I M$@RT NIW - IWRQ , Q$R BIN RWCXW 
$L KHNAS LBIN $W@R BDIMWS B$M RIIMWND MWR@ZH HMTGWRR B&IR Q@NH BQWN@IQ@ . 
H$W@R WNWSIIR HIW MIWDDIM WLDBRI MQWRWT HMQWRBIM LXQIRH , I$ X$D KI 
NWSIIR RK$ AT HAQDX BW BIC& AT HRCX B&ZRT IDIDW H$W@R . X$D ZH HT&WRR 
LAXR $BBITW $L NWSI&IR NMCA H&TQ $L HR$IWN LN$IAT KLI N$Q &LIW HIH XTWM 
MWR@ZH . MWR@ZH NTN HSBRIM MPWQPQIM LMCIAT XTIMTW &L HR$IWN , W&WRR BKK 
AT X$DM $L HXWQRIM . BSWP H$BW& N&RK XIPW$ MDWQDQ BBITW $L H$W@R L$&BR 
WHWXRMW $MSMKIM WQL@WT WIDAW . BIN H$AR NTGLW RI$WMI $IXWT @LPWN $&RK 
&M NWSIIR . MWR@ZH AMR LXWQRIW , KI NPG$ &M NWSIIR P&MIM AXDWT BMSGD 
BNIW - IWRQ WBM@WWX LKLI N$Q LID &IRW . HXWQRIM AMRW KI AWPI HQ$RIM BIN 
NWSIIR L$W@R L$&BR &DIIN AINM BRWRIM , AK HDGI$W KI MWR@ZH AINNW X$WD 
BM&WRBWT BHTNQ$WT BKHNA . KTB HNIWZDII BQHIR DIWWX KI S&ID NWSIIR HPK 
LGIBWR B&INI TW$BI &IR HWLDTW PWR@ - PWAD . HKTB $WXX &M ABIW $L NWSIIR 
$AMR : " MH $BNI &$H ZH $IRWT LKL H&RBIM WHMWSLMIM " . LDBRI HAB , 
&BD AL - &ZIZ NWSIIR , HWA LA RAH AT BNW MAZ $HIGR LARCWT - HBRIT LPNI 
T$& $NIM , AK MDI P&M HWA NWHG L@LPN ALIW . BP&M HAXRWNH @ILPN ALIW 
B2 BNWBMBR , $LW$H IMIM LPNI $BIC& AT HHTNQ$WT BXII KHNA . HAB AMR KI 
LA HBXIN , B$IXT H@LPWN HAXRWNH B$WM SIMN $BNW NTWN BMCWQH AW BDIKAWN . 
" KA$R $M&TI KI IRH BKHNA , HRG$TI KM$WTQ " , SIPR . HWA HWSIP KI 
HWA DWAG $HIHWDIM INSW LRCWX AT BNW . " ANI MAWD DWAG LGWRLW WAINNI 
IWD& MH HAMRIQAIM &W$IM LW " , AMR . AXD MAXIW $L NWSIIR HMTGWRR BPWR@ - 
PWAD AMR LKTB HNIWZDII , KI LA CIPH LKK $AXIW I&$H M&$H KZH . " HWA 
ADM NWRMLI BLI H$TIIKWT PWLI@IT WM&WLM LA HIH XBR BARGWN KL$HW " , AMR . 
LDBRIW , MH $NWSIIR &$H HWA " TGWBH NWRMLIT L$NAH $RX$ KHNA L&RBIM 
WLAIWMIW NGD &RBIM . AM TQRA MH $KHNA AMR &L H&RBIM , TSKIM $QIBL AT 
MH $HGI& LW " . KTB HNIWZDII MSR &WD KI MAZ NWD& &L HRCX , MBQRIM TW$BI 
H&IR BBIT HM$PXH KDI LHBI& AT AHDTM WTMIKTM . LDBRI BNI HM$PXH , BIQRW 
SWKNIM MM$@RT HBI@XWN HMCRIT BBITM WTI$ALW AXDIM MBNI HM$PXH . HXWQRIM 
BIQ$W LD&T AM HIW LNWSIIR Q$RIM &M GWRMIM MWSLMIM QNAIM BMCRIM . 

* 

XBRT HMX$BIM DIGI@L HWDI&H KI BKWWNTH LAMC @KNWLWGIH $L M&BDIM B&LI AWSP 
PQWDWT MWPXT ( RISQ ) BM&RKWT HWWAQS $LH . HHKRZH HR$MIT BAH LAXR RMZIM 
BNW$A $HW$M&W BMHLK KNS DQ - WWRLD , $HTQIIM LPNI KXWD$IIM BQAN , $BRIWWIIRH 
HCRPTIT . &M HHKRZH , NITN LCPWT LM&RKWT $IRICW II$WMIM HMWKRIM KIWM 
B&WLM HWWAQS BMHIRWIWT HGBWHWT , HMAPIINWT AT M&BDI HRISQ . MDWBR B@KNWLWGIH 
BH MBC& HM&BD MGWWN MWGBL $L P&WLWT BMHIRWT GBWHH BMIWXD , BMQWM LBC& 
MGWWN RXB IWTR $L P&WLWT BMHIRWT AI@IT IXSIT . &WD HWDI&H DIGI@L , &L 
KWWNTH LHRXBT HPTIXWT $L M&RKT HHP&LH $LH WI - AM - AS , WLAP$R LH&BIR 
II$WMIM BINH LBIN M&RKWT MTWCRT $L ICRNIM AXRIM . HH&BRH TW$G BAMC&WT 
$IMW$ BMM$QIM S@NDR@IIM , HHWLKIM WMWPI&IM B&NP HMX$BIM . BMQBIL LHKRZWT 
ALH HCIGH ATMWL DIGI@L $WRT MX$BIM XD$IM MTWCRTH . 

* 

PZ H$Q&WT MKRH AT AXZQWTIH LXBRH HAM PZ BK2 MILIWN DWLR M&L LMXIR $NQB& 
B$TI H&RKWT $WWI KLKLIWT $N&$W BXBRH . AT H&RKWT H$WWI BIC&W BNPRD XBRT 
ANLIS@ WHKLKLN M$H &ZRIAL . ANLIS@ QB&H KI $WWI AXZQWTIH $L PZ H$Q&WT 
MSTKM B5 . 5 MILIWN DWLR ; &ZRIAL QB& KI $WWI HAXZQWT $L HXBRH MSTKM 
B6 MILIWN DWLR . DIRQ@WRIWN PZ H$Q&WT HXLI@ LDXWT AT $TI H&RKWT H$WWI , 
WQB& KI HAXZQWT IIMKRW LPI $WWIN HMAZNI ( KLWMR LPI $WWI HAXZQWT KPI 
$HN MWPI&WT BMAZNI PZ H$Q&WT ) . BSWPW $L DBR , MKRH PZ H$Q&WT AT AXZQWTIH 
BMNIWT PZQR , NKSI T&WPH , MP&LI GLILWT , PI GLILWT , PZGZ , NKSI 
TXNWT , $IRWTI T&WPH W@RIGWN , LXBRH HAM PZ TMWRT 5 . 7 MILIWN DWLR . 
PZ H$Q&WT NWTRH LM&$H RIQH MTWKN &QB H&SQH ( LM&@ HMZWMNIM BQWPH WXLQH 
BMNIWT PZKIM ) . &M H$LMT H&SQH HXLI@H PZ LMKWR AT H$LI@H BPZ H$Q&WT 
LQBWCT IGLWM , $$ILMH BTMWRH 53 . 8 MILIWN DWLR . HMXIR HSWPI $L H&SQH 
IIQB& &M PRSWM HDW"XWT HKSPIIM $L PZ H$Q&WT LRB&WN H$LI$I $L 0991 . HMKIRH 
BPW&L TSWKM BTWK $LW$H $BW&WT , LAXR H$LMT KL HPR@IM HNWSPIM . &M H$LMT 
H&SQH THPWK XBRT HNP@ PZ LXBRH PR@IT , $BH $WL@ AI$ H&SQIM GQ LIBRMN . 


* 

AINNI IWD& MH MSTTR MAXWRI HMW$G GIWS XWBH , WHAM HKWWNH LXD$ AT HTQNWT 
$HIW QIIMWT BZMNN . K$HQIMW AT HM$MR HAZRXI NITNH LKL R$WT MQWMIT SMKWT 
LQBW& BTQNWT , $HGIWS LM$MR HAZRXI HWA XWBH . B&RIM WBII$WBIM RBIM KGWN 
&RD , NCRT &LIT , &PWLH , @BRIH WBIT $AN HCLIX HMBC& WHIH $ILWB $L 
MTNDBIM WMGWISI XWBH . AWLM HTWP&H HM&NIINT HIA $B&RIM KGWN &PWLH , $BHN 
LA HITH KLL AKIPH $L HTQNWT , BRG& $RA$ H&IRIH BI@L AWTN , M$WM $HCWRK 
HAWBIIQ@IWWI PXT , HITH N$IRH GDWLH MAWD $L AN$IM . W HIINW M$WKN&IM 
$KWLM HIW MTNDBIM , AWLM BDI&BD HWBRR $HM MILAW AXR HTQNH WBRG& $HIA 
BW@LH HM XDLW LHTIICB . KL XWQ WTQNH MW$TTIM &L HHNXH $%08 MHCIBWR HM 
$WMRI XWQ WMCIITIM LW LLA KL SNQCIWT . IITKN $MDI P&M IC@RKW LH&MID LDIN 
KMH XIIBI GIWS KDI LAKWP AT HTQNWT WLHZKIR LCIBWR $&LIW LCIIT LHN . ABL 
ANI MAMIN $AM HP&LT HTQNWT TLWWH BHSBRH NKWNH , RBIM IPNW BIWZMTM WITAMW 
AT HMW&DIM HNWXIM LHM , KDI LMLA AT XWBTM BMSGRT HM$MR HAZRXI . BHXL@ . 
HR&IWN LH&BIR AT HAXRIWT LBI@XWN HPNIM LCIBWR HWA XINWKI MAWD , AM KI 
H$M MPRI& LI . HIITI QWRA LKK " $IRWT XWBH " WLA GIWS XWBH . BDRK 
ZW AP$R LHGBIR AT MWD&WTM $L HAZRXIM LBI@XWNM , WHM I$KILW LHBIN $AIN 
HM CRIKIM LCPWT $BKL MQWM IWCBW XIILIM W$W@RIM KDI L$MWR &LIHM , ALA 
&LIHM LI@WL XLQ BMAMC L$MWR &L BITM WILDIHM . H$ALH HIA AIK ITBC& H$IRWT 
WMH IHIW MMDI HXWBH . WKMWBN IHIH CWRK BTIAWM BIN H&IRIIH WHM$@RH BKL 
II$WB , KDI LHTAIM AT H$IRWT LCRKIM . HHK$RH CRIKH LHTBC& B$NI MI$WRIM . 
RA$IT , HHK$RH H@KNIT . KLWMR LLMD AT HMTGIISIM KICD LTP&L AT HN$Q 
BCWRH NKWNH WLA LPZR A$ WLHRWG XLILH AZRXIM . HP&LT N$Q BTXWM &IRWNI 
MXIIBT HK$RH M$M&WTIT MAWD . $NIT , HHIB@IM HXWQIIM $L HHK$RH . KLWMR 
MTI LIRWT . HPTGM " HQM LHWRGK H$KM LHRGW " HWA IPH MAWD , ABL HDBR 
MXIIB $IQWL D&T WKW$R HXL@H . XIIBIM GM LZKWR $B&BR HIH HRBH IWTR QL LZHWT 
MXBLIM . KL MTNDB ID& $LXWLIIT AWIB I$ SIMNI ZIHWI XICWNIIM KGWN QLCNIQWB 
WMXSNIWT . HIWM HB&IH $WNH , KI HHTQPWT HN AI$IWT WLMBC&IM AIN SIMNI 
ZIHWI XICWNIIM WQ$H LD&T MTI HM I$LPW AT HSKIN HXBWI BKISM . HDBR MXIIB 
HPGNT &WCMH RBH IWTR $L HM$MR HAZRXI BRXWB , KGWRM $L HRT&H WHTGWNNWT . 
KIWM RQ HSGL BM$MR HAZRXI MQBL $KR . KL H$AR HM MTNDBIM . IITKN $HHC&H 
HZW HGIWNIT , M$WM $KIWM I$ LM$MR HAZRXI QW$I BHP&LT MTNDBIM B$&WT HIWM , 
$KWLM HM AN$IM &WBDIM . ABL HXLQ HARI $L HKWX CRIK LHTBSS &L MGWISIM 
BKWX TQNWT , M$WM $MBXINH KLKLIT WHPW@NCIAL HANW$I $LH , I$RAL AINNH 
IKWLH LHR$WT L&CMH LHWSIP &WD ALPI AN$I BI@XWN W$W@RIM B$KR . &DIP $HCIBWR 
I&$H ZAT LLA QBLT $WM TGMWL KSPI . AXRI HKL MDWBR RQ BARB& &D XM$ $&WT 
BXWD$ . GM ANI IWCA AXT LXWD$ IXD &M HALWP ABRHM ADN LP@RL B$&WT HBWQR 
HMWQDMWT BTXNWT HAW@WBWSIM WRIKWZI H&WBDIM HZRIM BRMT H$RWN . 

* 

HNHLT &IRIIT TL ABIB DXTH ATMWL AT HMLCTH $L W&DT MWMXIM , LQBW& $H$KLH 
TIKWNIT THIH TNAI LKHWNT XBR BDIRQ@WRIWN XBRH &IRWNIT . HHNHLH DXTH HMLCH 
AXRT $L HWW&DH , LHGBIL AT GIL HMW&MDIM LXBRWT BDIRQ@WRIWNIM M - 5207 . 
HMLCT HWW&DH LHRKB HWW&DH LMINWI DIRQ@WRIWNIM $WNTH , WNQB& HRKB PWLI@I 
B&IQRW . &M ZAT H$AIRH HHNHLH B&INN HMLCWT AXRWT $L HWW&DH . AXT MHN 
QWB&T $XBRIM BMRKZI MPLGWT AW BGWPIM MPLGTIIM AXRIM , $I$ " BIDIHM HKWX 
LBXWR AW LMNWT MW&MDIM LBXIRWT LMW&CH AW LKNST " , LA IWKLW LKHN KXBRI 
DIRQ@WRIWNIM . MIMW$H $L HMLCH ZW IBIA LPRI$H MHDIRQ@WRIWNIM H&IRWNIIM 
$L KMXCIT MXBRIHM , AW LXILWPIN IALCM LPRW$ MXBRWTM BMSGRWT HPWLI@IWT . 
W&DT HMWMXIM MWNTH &L PI HC&T XBR HNHLT H&IRIIH WIW"R L$KT HXBRWT H&IRWNIWT , 
HT&$IIN IAIR RW@LWI ( " $INWI " ) . XBRIM BWW&DH H$WP@ BDIMWS BNIMIN 
KHN , PRWP IWSP GRWS WD"R MAIR XT . HITH ZW HP&M HRA$WNH $NWSXW QRI@RIWNIM 
LBXIRT XBRI DIRQ@WRIWNIM &IRWNIIM . &WD HMLICH HWW&DH $MW&CT H&IRIIH 
TBXR BDIRQ@WR LAXR $TQBL AT XWWT D&TH HMPWR@T $L HWW&DH LMINWI DIRQ@WRIM , 
WBH IHIW XMI$H XBRIM . NCIGI HLIKWD BHNHLT H&IRIIH HSTIIGW MM&WRBWT 
W&DH BBXIRT XBRI DIRQ@WRIWNIM , W@&NW $B&NIIN ZH MSPIQH HBXIRH BIDI HMW&CH . 
LAXR DIWN MMW$K SWKM KI W&DH KZW TWQM AWLM BHRKB $WNH MZW $HMLICH HWW&DH . 
HWW&DH , &L PI QBI&T HHNHLH , THIH MWRKBT MRA$ H&IRIIH , MMLA - MQWMW , 
$LW$T SGNIW , RA$ HSI&H HAWPWZICIWNIT HGDWLH WRA$ L$KT HXBRWT H&IRWNIWT . 
ZAT BNIGWD LHC&T HWW&DH LKLWL AT RA$ H&IRIIH , $NI XBRI MW&CH W$NI AN$I 
CIBWR . HNHLT H&IRIIH DXTH HMLCH LTGMWL KSPI GM LXBRI DIRQ@WRIWNIM $AINM 
XBRI MW&CH . &L PI TQNWT XD$WT IHIH ZKAI KL XBR MW&CH HMKHN BDIRQ@WRIWN 
XBRH &IRWNIT BGMWL KSPI &L H$TTPWTW BI$IBWT , WBLBD $AINW MQBL $KR AXR 
M@&M H&IRIIH . BHMLCT SI&T HLIKWD NDXH HM$K HDIWN B$LW$H $BW&WT . AZ 
IWBAW LDIWN WLAI$WR $AR HMLCWT HWW&DH , WBHN HHMLCH LPSWL MKHWNH BDIRQ@WRIWNIIM 
&IRWNIIM BT"A AT MI $AINM TW$BI TL - ABIB , ALA AM KN HXLI@H MW&CT H&IRIIH 
PH AXD B&D MW&MD ZH . 

* 

( & ) . $GRIRWT HWLND BTL - ABIB , HMIICGT AT BRIH"M BI$RAL , AI$RH 
BIMIM ALH AT BWAM $L 51 @NISAIM MAWNIBRSI@T XARQWB . HM$LXT , $THIH 
AWRXT MRKZ H@NIS BXIPH , TGI& BIWM XMI$I L$BW&IIM . AHRWN $PIRA , IW"R 
HW&D HMNHL $L MRKZ H@NIS BXIPH , MSR KI BWAM $L H@NISAIM MBRIH"M HWA 
BIQWR GWMLIN LZH M$LXT XIPAIT $BIQRH BAWNIBRSI@T XARQWB BNWBMBR $&BR . 
H@NISAIM , $ITARXW BBTI M$PXWT XIPAIWT , IQIIMW M$XQI IDIDWT NGD @NISAIM 
M$MWNH MRKZI @NIS MRXBI HARC . BKWWNT HMARXIM LHPGI$ AT HAWRXIM &M IWCAI 
BRIH"M , WB&IQR &M IWCAI XARQWB BI$RAL . 

* 

M$XQ HAIMWN $L HNBXRT HAWLIMPIT ATMWL , MWL HPW&L XDRH MHLIGH HARCIT , 
X$P LMAMNIM ICXQ $NIAWR WI&QB GRWNDMN AP$RWT NWSPT BHTQPH : XLWC $M$WN 
TL ABIB ASP @WBI . HC&IR M$M$WN NKNS BMXCIT H$NIH $L HM$XQ , $HIH BMKWN 
WINGII@ , KA$R HTWCAH HITH 00 . @WBI HBQI& $NI $&RIM MID B$LBIM HRA$WNIM 
$L HMXCIT H$NIH BSIWM H&LH AT MAZNW HAI$I L$LW$H . LPNI KN HBQI& HQ$R 
AIIL BRQWBIC $&R . HSGL HAWLIMPI NICX 42 , T$&H IMIM LPNI M$XQW HRA$WN 
B@WRNIR HQDM AWLIMPI $IHIH BIWWN BIWM D $L H$BW& HBA . HXDRTIM NICLW 
BSIWM HRKB MAWLTR $L HGNT HNBXRT HI$RALIT WHBQI&W $NI $&RIM , AXD &L 
IDI HQ$R $XWM H&WR MGMIIQH WINS@WN , WH$NI XCI - &CMI , KA$R &WPR MNXM 
MXDRH B&@ WPLIQS XLWC MHNBXRT HAWLIMPIT $INH AT M&WP HKDWR $XDR LR$T . 
HMAMNIM LA HTRG$W ITR &L HMIDH MH$&RIM $SPGH HNBXRT , MPNI $$LW$H $XQNIM 
QBW&IM N&DRW BGLL PCI&WT ( RN BN $M&WN , RW&I XDD , IRWN BN - DB ) 
. PCW& AXR HWA HQ$R AICIQ ZWHR $HWXLP BMXCIT . HMAMNIM MQWWIM $HPCW&IM , 
$HM $XQNI HRKB RA$WN , IBRIAW BTQWPH HQCRH $&WD NWTRH &D LM$XQ BIWWN . 
HSGL HAWLIMPI $IXQ BHRKB HBA : ALBZ , XRZI , XLPWN , CWPIN , NIMNI , 
ABWQSIS , BNIN , ZWHR , BRQWBIC , MWXRR , NIRAWN . BHM$K $WLBW 
RPI KHN , GT , S@WLPR W@WBI . HMAMNIM HBI&W $BI&WT RCWN RBH MIKWLTH 
$L HNBXRT BMXCIT H$NIH , AK HWDW KI BMXCIT HRA$WNH LA HI@IBH HNBXRT L$XQ . 
" BMXCIT HRA$WNH LA HN&NW AT HKDWR . BMXCIT H$NIH XL $IPWR B&NIN HZH , 
HG&NW LMCBIM WHBQ&NW . @WBI HWA XLWC LA R& WHWA IQBL &WD HZDMNWT . 
AM IWKIX AT &CMW HWA MW&MD LHRKB HRA$WN " , HSBIR $NIAWR . HIWM IIM$K 
MXNH HAIMWNIM $ISTIIM MXRTIIM , KA$R HMAMNIM IQB&W AT HSGL $IS& LIWWN . 
M$XQ HAIMWN $TWKNN &M HPW&L KPR SBA LMXR LPNWT &RB BW@L BGLL SIRWBM $L 
HKPR SBAIM . &TH MXP$IM IRIB AIMWN AXR LSGL HAWLIMPI . 

* 

HM$QWLAIM HI$RALIM RAWBN XDIN@WB WPLIQS TWMRIN K$LW BALIPWT H&WLM HN&RKT 
BBWDAP$@ . HM DWRGW BMQWMWT BINWNIIM LMDI WHI$GIHM LA IAP$RW LHM LHIKLL 
BHKNWT HAWLIMPIWT . H$NIIM HWPI&W BM$QL &D 06 Q"G . XDIN@WB DWRG 21 
WTWMRIN MQWM 41 . HIWM IWCA LBWDAP$@ H&WLH HXD$ MBRIH"M AIGWR DNDIQ , 
A$R QIBL HITR MIWXD MHHTAXDWT HBIN - LAWMIT LIICG AT I$RAL BALIPWT ZW . 
HWA I$TTP BM$QL &D 001 Q"G . HI$GIW BBRIH"M &$WIIM LHKLILW BCMRT H&WLMIT 
BM$QL ZH . HMTAGRPIM API $NIIDR , ALWP 
I$RAL MMKBI RA$WN LCIWN WIGAL @LQR , MHPW&L P"T , LA I$TTPW BALIPWT 
H&WLM $THIH BXWD$ HBA B&QBWT HXL@T W&DT HM$M&T BHTAXDWT LSPWR@ , $HWRTH 
ATMWL LH$&WTM MP&ILWT &D LHM$K HDIWN BINWAR . H$NIIM NA$MIM BGNIBT $TI 
XWLCWT MXNWT KLBW BPINLND , B&T MS& NBXRT HAIGRWP LARC ZW . $NIIDR HIH 
AMWR LHTIICB ATMWL WLH&ID BPNI W&DT HM$M&T , AK LA HGI& BGLL $RWTW HCBAI 
WIWCG &L IDI HAXRAI L&NP HAIGRWP BRA$L"C . W&DT HM$M&T LA QIBLH AT @I&WNIW 
$L NCIG RA$L"C $HWG$W BKTB , WDR$H $$NIIDR IWPI& BPNIH . @LQR KBR HWPI& 
BI$IBH HQWDMT $L W&DT HM$M&T WMSR AT GIRSTW . LAWR HXL@T HH$&IH AIN SPQ , 
$WW&DT HAIGRWP TWRH &L HRXQT H$NIIM MHNBXRT HLAWMIT . QPSPQWHXLH ATMWL 
TXRWT BIN - LAWMIT NWSPT BSBB PILIPS LGBRIM WLN$IM . B$LB HRA$WN LA HIW 
KL HPT&WT . HIWM IIKNS LP&WLH HMDWRG MS 1 $XR PRQIS , $NICX B$NI H@WRNIRIM 
BIRW$LIM WBXIPH . M$TTPIM 23 GBRIM W - 42 N$IM . SK KL HPRSIM 61 ALP 
DWLR . QPSPQWHMWNH 9 SPWR@AIM IWCAT HIWM L@WRQIH , $M T$TTP BALIPWT AIRWPH 
LN$IM WBALIPWT AIRWPH LGBRIM &D GIL 12 . 

* 

LWNDWN ( RWI@R ) . HTAXDWT HKDWRGL HANGLIT , BC&D XSR TQDIM , HPXITH 
ATMWL $TI NQWDWT LIGH MMAZNH $L ARSNL WNQWDH MMNCS@R IWNII@D B&QBWT HTIGRH 
HGDWLH BH H$TTPW 12 $XQNIM M$TI HQBWCWT . HMQRH HMS&IR AIR& BMGR$H $L 
HIWNII@D , AWLD @RPWRD , B - 02 BAWQ@WBR . $NI HMW&DWNIM GM NQNSW B - 
000 , 05 LI"$ ( K - 000 , 001 DWLR ) WHWZHRW LGBI HTNHGWTM B&TID . " $NI 
HMW&DWNIM HWA$MW BHPRH $L HKLLIM WHDBR HWKX " , AMR GRAHM QLI , $I$B 
BRA$ W&DT M$M&T BHRKB XMI$H AN$IM . " BHGI&H LHXL@TH , HKIRH HWW&DH 
BP&WLWT $NNQ@W BIDI HMW&DWNIM NGD $XQNIM $HTPR&W WLQXH BX$BWN AT HRQWRD 
HQWDM $LHM " , AMR QLI . HWA HWSIP KI ARSNL N&N$H BCWRH XMWRH IWTR , 
MAXR WZH MQRH $NI BW HITH M&WRBT BTWK $NH . LMW&DWNIM NITNH $HWT $L 
41 IWM L&R&R &L H&WN$ . HPXTT HNQWDWT PIRW$H , $LALWPH WMWLIKT H@BLH 
LIWWRPWL I$ K&T ITRWN BN $MWNH NQWDWT &L PNI ARSNL $NWTRH BMQWM H$NI ( 
43 L&WMT 62 ) . MNCS@R IWNII@D NWTRH BMQWM H$BI&I &M 71 NQWDWT . HQNS 
HKBD HIH CPWI , ABL HPXTT HNQWDWT HIA XRIGH BKDWRGL HANGLI WNX$BT MHLWMH 
Q$H . ARSNL NQNSH B$NH $&BRH B - 000 , 02 LI"$ ( 000 , 04 DWLR ) AXRI 
MQRH DWMH $AIR& BM$XQH MWL NWRIC , $NQNSH AZ B - 000 , 05 LI"$ , ABL 
LA HWPXTW NQWDWT M$NI HMW&DWNIM . LPNI KN NQ@H ARSNL BC&DIM M$M&TIIM M$LH : 
HIA QNSH XMI$H $XQNIM WHPXITH MMNHLH GWRG GRAHM $KR $L $BW&IIM . GM 
IWNII@D QNSH $LW$H $XQNIM AT $MM LA PIRSMH B - 000 , 5 LI"$ KL AXD . 
W&DT HM$M&T BXNH AT HHTPR&WT GM BAMC&WT QL@T WIDAW , B@RM $M&H &L KK 
M$WP@I HM$XQ WMNCIGI HQBWCWT HM&WRBWT . AXRI PSQ HDIN &ZBW NCIGI ARSNL 
BLI $HGIBW &L HHXL@H . AN$I MNCS@R IWNII@D &ZBW 01 DQWT MAWXR IWTR , 
WKMW AN$I ARSNL NRAW GM HM MTWSKLIM . " ZH BHXL@ C&D XSR TQDIM " , AMR 
QLI . " HWW&DH MQWWH KI HDBR I$M$ LQX LHRG&T H$XQNIM . XBRI HWW&DH 
X$W KI I$ LHPSIQ AT H&IMWTIM LLA DIXWI . MH $QRH BAWLD @RPWRD AINW MTQBL 
&L HD&T " . HHTAXDWT HANGLIT T$LX LKL HMW&DWNIM TZKWRT LAZHRH $HW&BRH 
ALIHM BTXILT H&WNH , BDBR &WN$IM KNGD HTNHGWT BLTI HWLMT . BLM ARSNL 
DIIWID AWLIRI HGIB &L H&WN$ HKBD : H$MPNIH TI$PK HLILH BLIWWRPWL . ANXNW 
HQBWCH HIXIDH HIKWLH LHTMWDD H&WNH &L HBKWRH &M LIWWRPWL " . DWBR HHTAXDWT 
HANGLIT AMR KI HPXTT HNQWDWT HIA &WN$ XSR TQDIM , AM KI B&BR HWPXTW NQWDWT 
MMAZNM $L MW&DWNIM MSIBWT AXRWT . BTWK KK NMSR , KI HHTAXDWT HANGLIT 
BIQ$H MMNCS@R SI@I LHCIG BPNIH PR@IM &L MQRI H$XTH $N&$W BIDI AWHDI LIDS 
BM$XQ $HIH $L$WM BMIIN - RWAD . LIDS , A$R NGDH TLWI &WN$ &L TNAI B&QBWT 
HTPR&WT AWHDIH LPNI $NH BM$XQ HLIGH H$NIH &M BWRNMWT , &LWLH L$XQ LLA 
QHL AM AWHDIH IIMCAW A$MIM BALIMWT . IW"R MNCS@R SI@I PI@R SWWIILS AMR , 
KI AWHDI LIDS HRSW IWTR M - 000 , 1 MW$BIM BAIC@DIWN . TIGRWT BIN AWHDIM 
HIW BICI&IM WHM$@RH &CRH 85 AN$IM . 

* 

DRWR BR NWR , MAMN HPW&L CPRIRIM XWLWN WHAI$ $BHDRKTW &LTH HQBWCH LLIGH 
HLAWMIT , HXL ATMWL AT M$XQ HKISAWT $L MAMNI HLIGH HLAWMIT , KA$R HWDI& 
&L HTP@RWTW HGM $XLPW RQ 6 MXZWRI LIGH . B$$T HMXZWRIM NWCXW CPRIRIM 
BARB&T M$XQIHM HBITIIM WCBRW BSK HKL 2 NQWDWT . ATMWL HQDIM BR NWR AT 
BWAW LMGR$ WHWDI& LAN$I HNHLT HQBWCH &L HTP@RWTW . LAXR MKN KINS AT H$XQNIM 
WNPRD MKL AXD MHM BLXICT ID . LDBRI HMAMN HMTP@R HHXL@H LA HITH SPWN@NIT . 
" MAZ HTP@RWTW $L HIW"R $@RN XLWBH , B$BW& $&BR , $RRH BQBWCH AWIRH 
$L XWSR AMWN . HXL XIPW$ AXR A$M WLA XIP$W AT HPTRWNWT . HITH AWIRH 
$L BRIXH MAXRIWT WLA TXW$H $L LQIXT AXRIWT . HAWIRH H$LILIT H$PI&H &L 
H$XQNIM WBAWIRH $NWCRH RAITI $AIN SIKWI L$INWI . B$L KK HXL@TI LHTP@R " , 
AMR BR NWR WHWSIP , KI HWA &WZB QBWCH @WBH $HCLXTH HIA RQ &NIIN $L ZMN . 
IW"R HQBWCH ABRHM &ZRA AMR , KI HM NTQBLH HTP@RWTW $L HMAMN BR NWR WAN$I 
HMW&DWN MWDIM LW &L 81 HXWD$IM BHM NIHL AT HQBWCH . HWA QIBL AT HQBWCH 
BMCB Q$H LAXR IRIDH MHLIGH HLAWMIT , &$H &BWDH @WBH WHXZIR AWTH TWK $NH , 
&M 5 NQWDWT ITRWN &L PNI H$NIH B@BLH , AMR HIW"R . ATMWL NPG$W MWRIS 
AINCI WABRHM &ZRA &M HMAMN BXWP$H NISIM BKR WSIKMW ATW KI IXLIP AT DRWR 
BR NWR HMTP@R . HIWM BBWQR I&BIR BKR AIMWN RA$WN L$XQNIW HXD$IM . B$IXH 
&M SWPR " SPWR@ HARC " AMR HMAMN BKR , KI HWA XWZR AXRI TQWPH $L PGRH 
ABL BSK HKL HWA NMCA BMQCW& WHIH BRWR LW , KI BMWQDM AW BMAWXR IXZWR 
L&BWDH BLIGH HLAWMIT . &M H&WBDWT AIN LHTWWKX AMR BKR , WH&WBDH HIA 
$CPRIRIM MMWQMT &K$IW BTXTIT . " &WMDT BPNINW &BWDH Q$H " , AMR . BKR 
MQWWH $B&BWDT CWWT , &M HRCWN H&Z $L H$XQNIM , &M HHTLHBWT $IKNIS BHM , 
AP$R IHIH LH&LWT AT HQBWCH &L DRK HMLK . 

* 

$LWM LXWBIC Z"L , $NP@R $L$WM MMXLH MMART , HWBA ATMWL LMNWXWT . HMNWX 
HIH IW"R W&DT HKSPIM BHTAXDWT LKDWRGL WDWBR MKBI TL ABIB . RBIM BAW LXLWQ 
LW KBWD AXRWN BBIT H&LMIN BRMT H$RWN , BHM RA$I HHTAXDWT LKDWRGL , NCIGI 
MWSDWT HSPWR@ , KDWRGLNIM WIDIDIM . SPD LW RBH HRA$I $L TL ABIB , HRB 
I$RAL LAW . KDWRGLNI MKBI TL ABIB HNIXW ZR &L QBRW . 

* 

MKT PCI&WT MM$IKH LPGWM BHKNWTIH $L NBXRT HN&RIM BKDWRGL LM$XQH HX$WB 
NGD HWNGRIH , MXR BCHRIIM BHRCLIH , B@WRNIR HMWQDM $L ALIPWT AIRWPH . 
MAMN HNBXRT HC&IRH GD&WN KHN NALC LHZ&IQ AT H$W&R LIAWR MILR MMKBI XIPH , 
MPNI $H$W&R H$NI $L HNBXRT I$I $$WN NPC& BBIT SPRW , HTAMN BQW$I WKNRAH 
IALC LWWTR &L HM$XQ . $L$WM NMSR &L PCI&WTIHM $L $LW$H $XQNI MPTX : 
HQP@N TWMR AZWLAI , BHG@ &WDH WRN BN $MXWN . H$LW$H AMNM H$TTPW BAIMWN 
$HIH ATMWL BMKWN WINGII@ , AK &DIIN LA BRWR AM IHIW K$IRIM LM$XQ BIWM 
RBI&I . HMAMN KHN MTKNN HIWM LXNIKIW SDR IWM ZHH LZH $IHIH BIWM HM$XQ , 
KDI LHRGIL AT H$XQNIM . B$&H 03 . 2 ( $&T HTXLT HM$XQ ) IHIH HIWM 
B$PIIM AIMWN @AQ@I AXRWN $LAXRIW IQB& HMAMN AT HHRKB HPWTX . HSGL MWNH 
KRG& 81 $XQNIM WLA IHIW BW $INWIIM &D AXRI HM$XQ . NBXRT 
HWNGRIH HGI&H AM$ LI$RAL WHIA T$HH BNTNIH . LHWNGRIM NQWDH BLBD M$NI 
M$XQIHM &M BRIH"M ( 11 BBIT WHPSD 12 BXWC ) WHM XIIBIM AT LNCX I$RAL 
BHRCLIH KDI LH$AR BTMWNH &M SIKWI KL$HW . HHWNGRIM IWD&IM $HPSD IWCIA 
AWTM KLIL MHM&RKH . L&WBDH ZW MWD& HI@B HMAMN GD&WN KHN $HC&ID AT HN&RIM 
LTIQW MXMIA NGD BRIH"M BQI$INB ( 11 ) . " HHWNGRIM AWLI LA KL KK @WBIM 
KMW HRWSIM , AK I$ LHM QBWCH MCWIINT $NICXH AWTNW BQIC B@WRNIR IDIDWTI 
40 . ANXNW XIIBIM LNCX AWTM MXR BHRCLIH . NC@RK LMCWA T$WBH LMHIRWT 
$LHM WGM LMW@IWWCIH , LA LCAT MHMIRWC KBR B$LB ZH " . 

* 

RWMA ( RWI@R ) . R$WIWT HKDWRGL BAI@LIH IXQRW DIWWX , LPIW HPXID XLWC 
NBXRT AI@LIH SALWWA@WRH SQILACI $XQN IRIB TWK $HWA MAIIM LIRWT BW . " ATH 
MXWSL . ANI AIRH BK " , C&Q &L PI HHA$MH SQILACI L&BR PABIW PWLI BMNHRT 
H$XQNIM HMWBILH LXDRI HHLB$H , AXRI $PWLI S@R BPNIW BSIWM M$XQ HLIGH 
$HIH BIN IWBN@WS LBWLWNIH BIWM RA$WN . PWLI HA$IM AT H$XQN HSICILIANI , 
MLK $&RI HMWNDIAL HAXRWN , BNPILH AQRWB@IT MBWIIMT BRXBT H - 61 BMXCIT 
H$NIH $L HM$XQ . B&QBWT KDWR 11 HM@RIM , AWTW NICL KHLKH RWBR@W BAGW , 
NICXH IWBN@WS 10 . PWLI AMR LKTBIM KI HWA MWDAG WMC@&R &L HTNHGWTW . 
" IITKN KI SQILACI HIH XIIB LHGIB BS@IRH , WAWLI APILW BAGRWP . ABL 
M&WLM LA CIPITI LRI$&WT KZW WLMLIM NWRAIWT " , AMR PWLI . HTAXDWT HKDWRGL 
HAI@LQIT MSRH KI W&DT HM$M&T , $TTKNS MXR BMILANW , LA THIH MWKNH LDWN 
H$BW& BPR@I HTQRIT . 

* 

BWQAR$@ ( RWI@R ) . HTAXDWT HKDWRGL HRWMNIT MINTH AT MIRCH RADLSQW 
LMAMN HNBXRT . RADWLSQW IXLIP AT GIAWRGH QWNS@N@IN $HTP@R B$BW& $&BR , 
AXRI $AIMN AT HNBXRT 11 $BW&WT BLBD . RADWLSQW HIH B&BR &WZR MAMN HNBXRT 
WAIMN AT NBXRT HNW&R $L RWMNIH . HWA GM &WZR LMZK"L HHTAXDWT HRWMNIT . 
QWNS@N@IN HTP@R AXRI $RWMNIH NWCXH B$NI M$XQIH BMWQDMWT ALIPWT AIRWPH : 
12 BIDI SQW@LND W - 03 BIDI BWLGRIH . 

* 

$ &L IDI MARSII BSKWM $IA BCRPT , I&BWR NITWX BBRKW B&QBWT PCI&H XWZRT 
B$BW& $&BR . IITKN KI S@WIQWBIC I&DR MM$XQIM XWD$IIM . S@WIQWBIC , $XZR 
LP&ILWT AXRI $HIH MW$BT XWD$ BGLL PCI&H , NPC& BAIMWN $QIIMH HQBWCH BIWM 
$I$I . HPCI&H MN@RLT AT HQ$R HMC@IIN MHM$XQ $IHIH MXR B&RB BIN IWGWSLWWIH 
LDNMRQ BQDM ALIPWT AIRWPH . AXRI $NWD& LW &L PCI&TW $L S@WIQWBIC , AMR 
MAMN NBXRT IWGWSLWWIH , AIWWICH AWSIM , KI I$MX AM HM$XQ BQWPNHAGN ISTIIM 
BTIQW . 

* 

NIW IWRQ ( &"R ) . LWS ANGLS LIIQRS NXLH AWR LATMWL HPSD $LI$I BARB&T 
M$XQI HLIGH $QIIMH &D - KH . HP&M NWCXW HLIIQRS 301901 BIDI NIW IWRQ 
NIQS . $XQNI HNIQS HC@IINW BM$XQ HQBWCTI WCBRW BMHLK HM$XQ 03 ASIS@IM . 
P@ IWAING MNIW IWRQ HIH HMC@IIN BM$XQ . PWR@LND @RIIL BLIIZRS &DIIN BLTI 
MNWCXT , GM AXRI M$XQH HXMI$I HP&M 831701 &L LWS ANGLS QLIPRS . IWS@WN 
RWQ@S HBISH AT IW@H GAZ 01107 WMINSW@H @IMBRWWLBS NICXH AT AWRLNDW MGIQ 
80118 . 

* 

" PRNQPWR@ ( RWI@R ) . BWRIS BQR HWDI& ATMWL KI I$TTP B@WRNIR ALIPWT 
H&WLM LMQCW&NIM B@NIS , $IXL KAN HIWM . BQR , $NPC& LPNI T$&H IMIM 
BGMR @WRNIR PARIS , BMHLK HHTMWDDWT &M S@PAN ADBRG , HWTIR BMTX AT HMARGNIM 
&D SMWK MAD LHGRLH . HHXL@H $L HMDWRG MSPR 2 B&WLM LH$TTP B@WRNIR HX$WB , 
BW SKWM HPRSIM HKWLL MGI& L - 2 MILIWN DWLR , HKNISH MIMD $L MTX LM$XQIM , 
$KN BIKWLTW $L H@NISAI HGRMNI LDXWQ AT ADBRG LMQWM H$NI BDIRWG H&WLMI 
WLHIWT BMQWMW MSPR 1 . LMRWT $H@WRNIR IXL HIWM , NITNH LBQR AP$RWT LNWX 
IWM NWSP WHWA IIKNS LM&GL HM$XQIM RQ MXR . ADBRG IWPI& HIWM BM$XQ HPTIXH 
NGD AMILIW SANCS MSPRD , $HTQDM LMQWM H$MINI BDIRWG H&WLMI . SANCS HWZMN 
BMQWM HIWGWSLWWI GWRAN AIWWANISWWIC $PR$ BSWP H$BW& M@WRNIR WWMBLI LAXR 
$X$ BR& . HAMRIQAI ANDRH AGASI ITMWDD BM$XQ H$NI H&RB MWL BN - ARCW P@ 
SAMPRAS . M$XQI HIWM HRA$WN ISTIIMW BMABQ BIN AIWWAN LNDL ( 3 , CKIH ) 
LAWS@RI TWMAS MWS@R . ANDRS GWMZ MAQWWADWR , HMBWGR MBIN $MWNT HM$TTPIM 
B@WRNIR GDWL MLNDL B$MWNH IMIM IHNH GM HWA MHMNWXH BH ZKH BQR . M$XQ 
HGMR : QWNCI@H MR@INZ ( 2 , SPRD ) LILH M$QI ( 4 , BRIH"M ) 64 , 
62 . 

* 

NIH B$XIH , HN&RKT BBRIKH HAWLIMPIT BMINKN , HWDXW $TI ALWPWT &WLM WALWPH 
AIRWPIT AXT KWLN MMZRX GRMNIH L$&BR . AS@RID $@RAWS BT H - 22 SIIMH BMQWM 
HXMI$I BLBD BMI$XH 008 M@R SGNWN XWP$I , BHI$G HNWPL B - 52 $NIWT M$IAH 
HAI$I . $@RAWS ZKTH BTWAR H&WLMI B - 6891 WN@LH MDLIIT KSP BM$XQIM HAWLIMPIIM 
BSIAWL . BDRKH HLKH ALWPT H&WLM WHALWPH HAWLIMPIT HIIQH PRIDRIK BT H - 
02 , $LA H&PILH LGMR 004 M@R BSGNWN XWP$I . PRIDRIK SIIMH B - 002 M@R 
SGNWN XWP$I BMQWM H$MINI WHAXRWN , BZMN HNXWT B - 7 $NIWT M$IAH H&WLMI . 
LAXR MKN HWDI&H $@RAWS $HIA PWR$T MP&ILWT . ALWPT AIRWPH ANQH MHRING 
K$LH B - 008 M@R XWP$I K$TPSH AT HMQWM H$BI&I , WSIIMH BMQWM H$MINI B - 
004 M@R XWP$I . HALWPH HAIRWPIT , $N@LH AT HTWAR LPNI 51 XWD$IM BBWN , 
ICAH MHBRIKH K$DM&WT B&INIH . MIKAL GRWS BN H - 62 HWKIX $WB $&WDW GDWL 
$XIINI HPRPR B&WLM . HWA NICX B - 001 M@R BZMN 70 . 45 $NIWT WLAXR MKN 
GM BMRXQ HKPWL . HALWP HAWLIMPI B - 004 M@R XWP$I , AWBH DASLR MN HMZRX , 
SIIM RQ BMQWM H$LI$I ; HMNCX HIH S@PN PPIIPR BZMN 29 . 05 : 3 DQWT . 
S@PNI AWR@WWIG BT H - 71 QB&H AT HI$G H$NH B - 002 M@R XWP$I BZMN 32 . 
00 : 2 DQWT WHQDIMH BMPTI& $TI $XIINIWT MN HMZRX , BHN MNWALH S@LMAK 
HMPWRSMT . 

* 

LWKSMBWRG ( RWI@R ) . MAMN NBXRT LWKSMBWRG PWL PILIP GILH ATMWL KI 
HW&N$ BIDI AWP"A &L HTNHGWT BLTI SPWR@IWWIT , BM$XQ HHPSD 23 LGRMNIH 
$HIH BSWP AWQ@WBR . PILIP HWA$M BHTRWCCWT MWPRZT LAWRK QWWI HMGR$ WBGILWII 
$MXH BTXWM HMGR$ LAXR H$&RIM $HBQI&H NBXRTW . H$WP@ &CR KMH P&MIM AT 
HM$XQ WHZHIR AT PILIP , $LA IWKL AIPWA LHDRIK AT $XQNIW BM$XQ MXR &M 
WWIILS , BMWQDMWT GBI& AIRWPH . 

* 

RQ ARB&H M$XQIM IHIW H&RB BMXZWR HXMI$I BLIGH HLAWMIT BKDWR&P . HPW&L 
QRIT ATA INSH LHDIX MHPISGH AT HPW&L M@H A$R . HPW&L H&MQIM ZBWLWN , 
HQBWCH HIXIDH $@RM NWCXH , TPGW$ BAWLMH AT HPW&L $&R HNGB . HALWP MKBI 
TL ABIB ITARX ACL MKBI PTX TQWH WHPW&L KPR SBA IPGW$ AT HPW&L BQ&T BIT 
$AN . HM$XQ HXMI$I BIN HPW&L BT IM WALICWR XWLWN IHIH BMWCAI - $BT . 

* 

SPWR@AIM , BHM ALWPIM MARCWT HBRIT WMAIRWPH , I$TTPW B$BT H - 1 BDCMBR 
BTXRWT HRBI&IT $L H@RIATLWN BAILT . BIN HM$TTPIM QN GLA , HMDWRG XMI$I 
B&WLM BSPWR@ H@RIATLWN WMNCX $LW$ HTXRWIWT HQWDMWT BAILT . GM R&IITW 
$L GLA , HAWS@RLIT ZAN WWNQLIN , T$TTP BTXRWT BAILT BH NICXH B$TI HP&MIM 
HQWDMWT . HIA NX$BT AXT MXM$ HMC@IINWT B&WLM BSPWR@ ZH . M$TTPIM BWL@IM 
AXRIM BTXRWT BAILT : BRD QRNS , BN 72 , MQLIPWRNIH ; $RH QWP , ALWPT 
ANGLIH $HITH $NIH BAILT ; GLN QWQ , ALWP ANGLIH , $DWRG $NI BALIPWT 
H&WLM B$NH $&BRH ; AIZBL MW@WN , ALWPT CRPT . KN IBWAW ALWPI HWLND , 
$WIIC WBRIT HMW&CWT . ALWPI GRMNIH , CKIH WBWLGRIH $HWZMNW @RM AI$RW 
BWAM . MI$RAL I$TTPW ALWP I$RAL MIKH KGN WASTI MIISNR . TXRWT H@RIATLWN 
M&MIDH BPNI M$TTPIH ATGR M$WL$ : $XIH $L 5 . 1 Q"M ; MIRWC AWPNIIM LAWRK 
04 Q"M ; RICH LMRXQ 01 Q"M . 

* 

BKIRI HSPWR@AIM BSGL HAWLIMPI &$WIIM LQIIM B$NH HAWLIMPIT HAXRWNH $LPNI 
BRCLWNH MXNH AIMWNIM MRWKZ . HSPWR@AIM $IKWNSW IHIW B&LI HSIKWIIM LH$TLB 
BM$LXT HI$RALIT LAWLIMPIADT 2991 . BHTAXDWT LSPWR@ DNIM BAXRWNH BHC&H 
L$XRR MKL &ISWQIHM AT HSPWR@AIM HNBXRIM , HXL BAPRIL 1991 . LR$WTM I&MWD 
CWWT RPWAI , MD&I WMQCW&I CMWD . HSPWR@AIM I&BDW &L PI TKNIWT AIMWNIM 
WTXRWIWT MPWR@IM . B&LI HSIKWIIM LHWP&H BAWLIMPIADH IHNW BTQWPT HHKNH 
MTMIKH KLKLIT $TAP$R LHM LHTRKZ BAIMWNIHM . GM MAMNIHM HAI$IIM IHNW M$IPWR 
$KRM WI&BDW KL H&T LCD XNIKIHM . $I@H ZW @RM NWSTH BARC , LMRWT $HIA 
MQWBLT BMQWMWT RBIM B&WLM . KDI $AP$R IHIH LHP&IL AT HTKNIT HXD$NIT , 
I$ CWRK BGIWS TQCIB MIWXD , MLBD ZH HMIW&D &TH LR$WT HHKNWT HAWLIMPIWT . 


* 

LMKBI RMT GN WDAI QWRCT HIXL$WTW H&WNH $L HALWP WMXZIQ HGBI& , MKBI TL 
ABIB . SIBH MSPQT L$AWP LNICXWN H&RB BRB& GMR GBI& HMDINH . HRMT GNIM , 
$NWCXW H&WNH BLIGH RQ BDWXQ BIDI HMKBIM MTL ABIB , INSW LNCL AT HAWPNH 
HXD$H $P$TH BQRB QBWCWT HLIGH H$NH LA &WD PIQ BRKIIM K$MTMWDDIM &M MKBI 
TL ABIB . T&ID &L KK DRAMT HMTX HBLTI - $IGRTIT $HTRX$H $L$WM BGBT ( 
111011 LMKBI RQ AXRI $TI HARKWT ) . PTAWM AIN PIIBWRI@ . GM LA BGBI& , 
HN&RK BNWSX ZBNG WGMRNW . HHTMWDDWT BIN HMKBIM MRMT GN WMTL ABIB , 
$TXL B - 00 . 91 BID ALIHW , HIA HRA$WNH M$NI M$XQIM BHIKL . BM$XQ H$NI 
( 03 . 02 ) , A$R GM BW RB HNSTR &L HGLWI , IABQW &L MQWM BXCI HGMR 
HPW&L TL ABIB WHPW&L XWLWN . KMW IRIBW H&IRWNI , KK HPW&L TL ABIB SWBL 
MPRQ LA MXMIA &D KH BLIGH . BIT"R TL ABIB LA IX$W$ MNXITWTW H@BLAIT L&WMT 
HPW&L GLIL &LIWN , $ITARX ACLW B - 00 . 02 BAWLM BNWWH ALI&ZR . HBIT"RIM , 
WI$ LHNIX GM $XQNI HGLIL , $INNW HI@B AT HAKSIWMH $KB$H AT LIGT HKDWRSL 
H&WNH : AIN &WD M$XQIM QLIM " &L HNIIR " . MKBI RA$WN LCIWN , HNHNH 
MIWQRH RBH WMHCLXH MQCW&IT LA PXWTH MKK MQWM RA$WN AXRI $MWNH MXZWRIM 
IWCA DRWMH &D LAWLM BQIBWC IW@BTH , $M IPGW$ BHPW&L AILT MHLIGH HARCIT . 
HHTMWDDWT $TXL B - 00 . 02 HIA HIXIDH , $TWCATH IDW&H MRA$ . ALA AM 
KN . . . 

* 

PT&H GDWLH HITH AM$ B$MINIT GMR GBI& HMDINH BKDWRSL LN$IM . QBWCT M . 
N . AWRTWDWKSIM NCRT HDIXH AT MXZIQWT HGBI& BNI IHWDH 6616 . TWCAWT AXRWT : 
MKBI TL ABIB HPW&L XIPH 2766 , RMT H$RWN HPW&L $PIIM 4663 , ALICWR 
QRIT AWNW HPW&L NHRIH 9584 , ALICWR T"AXWLWN ALICWR QRIT ATA 9831 . 
BNWT HP&L IRW$LIM LA HWPI&W LM$XQ &M HPW&L GLBW& B@&NH $HMINIBWS BW NS&W 
NTQ& BQS@L . B$BT HBIS MKBI RMT XN AT HPW&L XBL AIILWTAILT 53101 . 

* 

NKWNWT I$RAL LQBL AT $LIX HAW"M GRRH BIQWRT MIMIN WM$MAL BWW&DT HXWC WHBI@XWN . 
BHGIBW &L DBRI D"R R&NN KHN ( M&RK ) , $HMM$LH MTQPLT WZWXLT L&BR 
ARH"B , H$IB $R HXWC KI AIN KAN ZXILH . " MM$LH $HITH MQBLT M$LXT MHAW"M 
HITH MKIRH BKL HHA$MWT $HW@XW BH BHXL@T MW&CT HBI@XWN " . HWA @&N KI I$RAL 
LA HSKIMH LQBL M$LXT KZAT , ABL LA ASRH &LIH LBWA . IDIDIH BARH"B RGZW , 
AK I$ LNHL MABQ &L HAIN@RS HI$RALI HXIWNI , $LA TMID ZHH LAIN@RS HAMRIQAI . 
" LA TMID MWKNH I$RAL L$LM AT MXIR HAIN@RS HAMRIQAI BQWALICIH H&RBIT 
NGD &IRAQ " , AMR . RXB&M ZABI ( MWLDT ) AMR KI HHSKMH LQBL KAN AT AIIMH 
HIA NSIGH M&MDTH HLAWMIT HGAH $L HMM$LH . " LWI , $$M XI$WQIM &L HMM$LH , 
&W$H M&$H $LA NWPL BXWMRTW M$ALWT BIIQR " . &MNWAL ZISMN ( M&RK ) H&IR 
KI $LIX HAW"M IDWWX KKL H&WLH &L RWXW . IWSI $RID ( RC ) HZKIR LLWI 
KI HCI& LW LNHWG KK KBR LPNI XWD$ WLXSWK M$BR MIWTR . HMM$LH AINH KMLAKIM 
BSWLM I&QB ; $M HM &WLIM WIWRDIM , WAILW BMM$LH RQ &WLIM , ALA AM MI$HW 
ZR MWRID AWTM . " ATM MNHLIM AT MDINIWTKM MMCWDT - ZAB WLA MMCWDT - 
DWD " , AMR . IAIR CBN ( MPM ) HCBI& &L HAI - AMWN HBSISI $L HMM$LH 
HAMRIQAI BI$RAL KPI $BA LBI@WI B$IXT HN$IA BW$ &M HMNHIGIM HIHWDIIM . 
MMLA - MQWM IW"R W&DT HXWC WHBI@XWN , BNIMIN BN ALI&ZR ( M&RK ) , 
AMR KI HMM$LH AINH MCLIXH LX$B AT C&DIH APILW C&D AXD MRA$ . &WZI BR&M 
( M&RK ) I&C LLWI LHTMID BKL MHLK $IBIA &LIW AT BIQWRTM $L ZABI WGAWLH 
KHN . I&QB CWR ( M&RK ) HZHIR $HNSIGH BIXSIM &M ARH"B MSKNT APILW AT 
$ITWP HP&WLH HAS@R@GI &MH . LWI : " I$ WIKWX KWAB , ABL LA NPG& $ITWP 
HP&WLH HAS@R@GI WM&MDH $L I$RAL BARH"B " . 

* 

AP $MQCW&NWT AINH MW$G RIQ MTWKN , HWA AINW &WMD BPNI &CMW . M$WM KK 
NRAW B&INI HBIQWRWT $H&LW &L NS AT HMQCW&NWT KBIKWL $L MIQI BHGN , IWCR 
HSDRH " SIPWRIM L$&T LILH MAWXRT " , LA RCINIWT WAPILW MWPRKWT . &MITI 
HMBQRIM HTP&MW MNTN ZHBI , $HWPI& BTPQID &CMW , WDWWQA LA NRAH K$XQN 
MQCW&I . LAXR MKN NALCW LMCWA CIDWQIM LHTHLBWTM HRA$WNIT , AW N@W LHT&LM 
MN HSDRH . K$L&CMI LA HTLHBTI MMNH . ADRBH , &K$IW , LAXR $HWQRNW ARB&T 
HAPIZWDWT , WBHGN ZKH BTQCIB NWSP KDI LHPIQ PRQIM NWSPIM , LA NWTR ALA 
LTHWT LHIKN N&LM XW$ H$IPW@ . AW AWLI BAMT AIN MQWM LTHIWT . RA$IT , 
Q$H LHBIN MDW& MWQRNIM " SIPWRIM L$&T LILH MAWXRT " B$&T CPIIT - $IA , 
$HIA MWQDMT IXSIT . AW AWLI $&T LILH MAWXRT NW&DH LICIRWT KMW " DQALWG " 
WSDRT " NWQ@WRNW " , BNIGWD MPWR$ LBQ$WTIHM $L CWPIM RBIM . A$R LPRQIM 
&CMM , ANI MWDH $LMRWT KL MAMCI AINI MSWGLT LZKWR MH QRH BSIPWR HMTX 
H$NI . HPRQ H$LI$I BSDRH HC@IIR KAILW HGI& HII$R MSDRH QWMIT KW$LT . 
N&RH C&IRH ( AIRIS QRISPIL ) MCI&H AT $IRWTIH LGBRT MHWDRT ( &NT &CMWN ) 
, HMXP$T $MR@P LBTH BT HARB& . HGBRT &LWMT H$M , $HWWILH $LH NRAIT 
KMW XDR TCWGH LRHI@IM $L XNWT PSAWDW - MWDRNIT , MBQ$T MN HN&RH HC&IRH 
HMLCWT , WHC&IRH MPBRQT KALW . HGBRT MSBIRH $BTH HQ@NH HIA PIRWMANIT 
MSWKNT , WASWR B$WM PNIM WAWPN LHXZIQ BBIT A$ , BDMWT MCIT AW GPRWRIM , 
MPNI $HILDH HIA GM &RMWMIT . BNIGWD LHWRAWT MBIAH ATH HBIIBISI@R SIGRIWT 
WMCIT , M&$NT WGM NRDMT . K$HIA MT&WRRT HIA MGLH $BXDRH $L HILDH $WKBT 
BWBH MPLCTIT , WBQWMH HTXTWNH M$TWLLT A$ . MI$HI B$MLH LBNH MTRWCCT 
BIN HXDRIM WMB&IRH AWTH . AIN ANW ZQWQIM LDMIWN KDI LGLWT $HILDH KBIKWL , 
B$MLH HLBNH , RXWQH MLHIWT BT ARB& , WGM AINH ILDH ALA HGBRT BKBWDH 
WB&CMH . SIPWR MTX XIIB LHIWT M$KN& , WLKN &LIW LHIWT HGIWNI . WAM MDBRIM 
&L MQCW&NWT , HIA AMWRH LXWL BRA$ WRA$WNH &L HTSRI@ : HDBRIM XIIBIM 
LHTQBL &L HD&T . HWWILH HMPWART HW&BRH LSIPWR HRBI&I , ALA $KAN , LMRWT 
HNIQLIM WHZKWKIT , AIN BBIT $WAB - ABQ , W&L H&WZRT LHSTPQ BMXB@ $@IXIM . 
HGBRT BSIPWR ZH ( IWNH ALIAN ) NQRAT PRNSIS WWBR , WNRAIT KPRKH DIZNGWPIT 
MCWIH . H&WZRT AINH MGI&H , WBMQWMH MGI& &WZR BIT $N$LX LDBRIW &L IDH . 
H$NIIM MTNHGIM BCWRH MWZRH , ABL HM&RKWN HQWMI MTXIL KA$R HGBRT MGI&H 
LM$@RH , WANW &DIM LP&ILWT MWZRH BL$WN HM&@H . AXD AXD MGI&IM H$W@RIM 
LWWILH , N&IM KMW S@@IS@IM $NQL&W B@&WT LSR@ , WBPI KL AXD AINPWRMCIH 
&L HB&L HN&LM . LBSWP , BKNISH DRM@IT , MWPI& HMPQX &CMW . W$WB , 
AIN CWRK BDMIWN $WP& KDI LNX$ $HWA H&WZR MN HBWQR . HM&MD WHM$XQ HIW 
MGWXKIM KL KK $CXQTI &D DM&WT , WX$BTI $B@&WT NQL&TI LM&RKWN QWMI . 
MSQNH : MQCW&NWT AINH MSTKMT BMIQWMN $L MCLMWT WAPILW LA BMTN QCB SBIR 
LSR@ . HTSRI@ HWA LB H&NIIN . ABL BHGN MXQH BXWSR K$RWN WHBNH AT HSDRH 
HANGLIT AW HAMRIQAIT B$M ZH , $GM HIA HITH MAKZBT , ABL LPXWT MQCW&IT . 
BMI@B HMSWRT HNHWGH B@LWWIZIH , BHGN AXRAI LTSRI@ , LBIMWI WLHPQH , 
WRQ XSR HIH $IWPI& BAXD HTPQIDIM , M$L HIH ALPRD HICQWQ . M$WM MH NW@IM 
L$KWX $TWKNIT @LWWIZIH ZQWQH GM LBQRH WLBIQWRT PNIMIT , WHMPIQ , HTSRI@AI 
WHBMAI XIIBIM LH$LIM ZH AT ZH . WHNH BHGN WDWMIW M$WXRRIM MKL BIQWRT , 
&W$IM KRAWT &INIHM , W&WD ZWKIM LTQCIBIM NWSPIM . MBXINTI ZW HPQRWT , 
WANI TWHH LMI DRW$H HSDRH BKLL .